Tanaji Malusare

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Subedar

Tanaji Malusare

Chief of Mavalas
Tanaji Malusare.jpg
Bronze bust of Tanaji Malusare, Sinhagad, Maharashtra, India
Native name
तानाजी मालुसरे
Birth nameTanaji Malusare
Nickname(s)Mard Mavala Tana
BornGodavli, Javali Taluka, Satara, Maharashtra
Died4 February 1670
Sinhagad, Pune, Maharashtra, India
AllegianceMaratha Empire
Service/branchMaratha Army
RankSubedar
UnitMavala
Battles/warsBattle of Sinhagad, Battle of Torna, Battle of Sangamner, Battle of Umberkhind
Spouse(s)Savitri
ChildrenRayaba

Tanaji Malusare was a military General of the Maratha Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj. A local poet Tulsidas,[a] wrote a powada describing Tanaji's heroics and sacrifice of life in the Battle of Sinhagad,[1] which has since made him a popular figure in Marathi folklore.[2][3][4][b] He came from a Hindu Koli family.[6][7][8][9]

Battle of Sinhagad[]

Main article: Battle of Sinhagad

Kondhana, outside Pune, was one of the first forts that Shivaji wanted to re-capture from the Mughal Empire, after the truce between the two parties broke down in 1670. Tanaji was asked to lead the task. Legend says that Tanaji agreed to lead even though that meant postponing his son's wedding.[10]

The capture of the fort was made possible by scaling the walls at night with ladders made of rope. The campaign to recapture the fort ended with victory for the Marathas, but at the cost of Tanaji losing his life in the battle.[11]

The fort was renamed Sinhagad (Lion's fort) by Chatrapati Shivaji Maharaj in honor of Tanaji, the lion.[11]

In popular culture[]

  • Hindutva Ideologue Vinayak Damodar Savarkar had written a ballad on him, which was banned by the colonial British government.[12]
  • Gad aala pan sinh gela (गड आला पण सिंह गेला) a Marathi novel by Hari Narayan Apte was written in 1903, based on his life.[13][14]
  • Sinhagad, a 1933 Marathi film was produced by Baburao Painter, based on the 1903 novel.[15][16]
  • Bengali writer Saradindu Bandyopadhyay wrote the Sadashib series where the younger version of Tanaji was mentioned as a close associate of Shivaji.
  • In 1971 Amar Chitra Katha released a comic book called Tanaji, written by Meena Talim and illustrated by Vasant B. Halbe.[17]
  • In the 2018 Marathi-language epic Farzand, Tanaji Malusare is portrayed by Ganesh Yadav.
  • In the 2019 Marathi-language epic Fatteshikast, Tanaji Malusare is portrayed by Ajay Purkar.
  • Bollywood actor-producer Ajay Devgn produced and headlined a film based on his life titled Tanhaji, which was released on 10 January 2020.[18]
An early 20th century depiction by M.V. Dhurandhar of Tanaji's vow to Shivaji and Jijabai in the presence of his son and uncle before the campaign for Kondana fort.

See also[]

Notes[]

  1. ^ Not to be confused with Goswami Tulsidas
  2. ^ The text has not been dated conclusively. It is popularly accepted to be written not long after the Battle; however, some scholars have claimed the text to have been written in the eighteenth century.[5]

References[]

  1. ^ Sardesai, Sakharam Govind (1946). "New History of the Marathas (Vol I)". Internet Archive. Retrieved February 25, 2020.
  2. ^ Kantak, M. R. (1978). "The Political Role of Different Hindu Castes and Communities in Maharashtra in the Foundation of Shivaji's Swarajya". Bulletin of the Deccan College Research Institute. 38 (1/4): 51. ISSN 0045-9801. JSTOR 42931051.
  3. ^ K. Ayyappa Paniker, ed. (1997). Medieval Indian Literature: Surveys and selections, An Anthology, Volume One. p. 375. ISBN 9788126003655.
  4. ^ Rao, Vasanta Dinanath (1939). "SIDE-LIGHT ON THE MARATHA LIFE FROM THE BARDIC (शाहिरी) LITERATURE OF THE 18th CENTURY". Proceedings of the Indian History Congress. 3: 1194–1212. ISSN 2249-1937. JSTOR 44252466.
  5. ^ Raeside, Ian (July 1978). "A Note on the 'Twelve Mavals' of Poona District". Modern Asian Studies. 12 (3): 394. doi:10.1017/S0026749X00006211. ISSN 1469-8099.
  6. ^ David Hardiman (2007). Histories for the Subordinated. Seagull Books. p. 103. ISBN 9781905422388. When Shivaji began his revolt in the following decade, the Kolis were amongst the first to join him under the leadership of the Sirnayak Khemi and they played a leading role in helping Shivaji to consolidate his power. The Koli Tanaji Malusare...
  7. ^ Hardiman, David (1996). Feeding the Baniya: Peasants and Usurers in Western India. Oxford University Press. p. 221. ISBN 978-0-19-563956-8.
  8. ^ Roy, Shibani (1983). Koli culture: a profile of the culture of Talpad vistar. Cosmo. p. 25. OCLC 11970517.
  9. ^ Chandra, Satish (2003). Essays on Medieval Indian History. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-566336-5.
  10. ^ M. Jankiraman Ph.D. (2020). Perspectives in Indian History: From the Origins to AD 1857. ISBN 9781649839954.
  11. ^ a b M. Jankiraman Ph.D. (2020). Perspectives in Indian History: From the Origins to AD 1857. ISBN 9781649839954.
  12. ^ Derek Jones, ed. (2001). Censorship: A World Encyclopedia. Routledge. ISBN 9781136798634.
  13. ^ Sisir Kumar Das (1991). History of Indian Literature, Volume 1. Sahitya Akademi. p. 532. ISBN 9788172010065.
  14. ^ Apte, Hari Narayan (1903). Gaḍa ālā, paṇa sīha gelā (in Marathi). Pune: Ramyakathā Prakāśana.
  15. ^ Ashish Rajadhyaksha; Paul Willemen (2014). Encyclopedia of Indian Cinema. Taylor & Francis. p. 239. ISBN 978-1-135-94325-7. Retrieved 10 February 2015.
  16. ^ Nowell-Smith, Geoffrey (1996). The Oxford History of World Cinema. Oxford University Press. pp. 403. ISBN 978-0-19-874242-5. Retrieved 2020-01-14.
  17. ^ Talim, Meena; Halbe, Vasant B.; Pai, Anant (1973). Tanaji: The Maratha Lion. Amar Chitra Katha. ISBN 978-81-8482-159-8. Retrieved 15 August 2020.
  18. ^ "Taanaji The Unsung Warrior movie on Movie Alles". Movie Alles. 2018-06-22. Archived from the original on 2018-09-05. Retrieved 2018-09-05.
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