Tate & Lyle

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Tate & Lyle PLC
TypePublic limited company
Traded as
LSE: TATE
IndustryFood processing
FoundedMerger of Henry Tate & Sons (established 1859) and Abram Lyle & Sons (established 1887) in 1921
HeadquartersLondon, England, UK
Key people
Gerry Murphy, Chairman
Nick Hampton, CEO
ProductsStarches
Splenda
Alcohol
Citric acid
High fructose corn syrup
RevenueIncrease £2.882 billion (2020)[1]
Increase £296 million (2020)[1]
Net income
Increase £245 million (2020)[1]
Number of employees
4,193 (2020)[1]
Websitewww.tateandlyle.com

Tate & Lyle PLC is a British-headquartered, global supplier of food and beverage ingredients to industrial markets. It was originally a sugar refining business, but from the 1970s it began to diversify, eventually divesting its sugar business in 2010. It specialises in turning raw materials such as corn and tapioca into ingredients that add taste, texture, and nutrients to food and beverages.[2] It is listed on the London Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the FTSE 250 Index.

History[]

Sugar refining[]

Former Tate & Lyle PLC refinery along the Thames in Silvertown, London

The company was formed in 1921 from a merger of two rival sugar refiners: Henry Tate & Sons and Abram Lyle & Sons.[3]

Henry Tate established his business in 1859 in Liverpool, later expanding to Silvertown in East London.[3] He used his industrial fortune to found the Tate Institute in Silvertown in 1887 and the Tate Gallery in Pimlico, Central London in 1897. He endowed the gallery with his own collection of Pre-Raphaelite paintings.[4]

Abram Lyle, a cooper and shipowner, acquired an interest in a sugar refinery in 1865 in Greenock and then at Plaistow Wharf, West Silvertown, London.[3] The two companies had large factories nearby each other – Henry Tate in Silvertown and Abram Lyle at Plaistow Wharf – so prompting the merger. Prior to the merger, which occurred after they had died, the two men were bitter business rivals, although they had never met in person.[5] In 1949, the company introduced its "Mr Cube" brand, as part of a marketing campaign to help it fight a proposed nationalisation by the Labour government.[3]

Association with slavery[]

The British slave-trade was abolished in 1807, before Henry Tate and Abram Lyle were born. However, the Tate Gallery states that while neither Henry Tate nor Abram Lyle 'was a slave-owner'; they state that 'we believe the firms founded by the two men, which later combined as Tate & Lyle, do connect to slavery in less direct but fundamental ways'.[6] The Tate Gallery concludes it is 'not possible to separate the Tate galleries from the history of colonial slavery from which in part they derive their existence'.[7]

Diversification[]

From 1973, British membership of the European Economic Community threatened Tate & Lyle's core business, with quotas imposed from Brussels favouring domestic sugar beet producers over imported cane refiners such as Tate & Lyle.[8] As a result, under the leadership of Saxon Tate (a direct descendant of Henry Tate), the company began to diversify into related fields of commodity trading, transport and engineering, and in 1976, it acquired competing cane sugar refiner Manbré & Garton.[8]

In 1976, the Company acquired a 33% stake (increased to 63% in 1988) in Amylum, a European starch-based manufacturing business.[3] The Liverpool sugar plant closed in 1981 and the Greenock plant closed in 1997.[9] In 1988, Tate & Lyle acquired a 90% stake in A. E. Staley, a US corn processing business. In 1998 it brought Haarmann & Reimer, a citric acid producer. In 2000 it acquired the remaining minorities of Amylum and A. E. Staley.[3]

In 2004, it established a joint venture with DuPont to manufacture a renewable 1,3-Propanediol that can be used to make Sorona (a substitute for nylon). This was its first major foray into bio-materials.[3] In 2005, DuPont Tate & Lyle BioProducts was created as a joint venture between DuPont and Tate & Lyle.[10] In 2006, it acquired Hycail, a small Dutch business, giving the company intellectual property and a pilot plant to manufacture Polylactic acid (PLA), another bio-plastic.[11] In October 2007, five European starch and alcohol plants, previously part of the European starch division known as Amylum group, were sold to Syral, a subsidiary of French sugar company Tereos.[12] Syral closed its Greenwich Peninsula plant in London in September 2009, and it was subsequently demolished.[13]

In 2006, Lyle’s Golden Syrup tin was awarded a Guinness World Record as the world’s oldest branding.[14]

Tate & Lyle head office in Kingsway, London

In February 2008, it was announced that Tate & Lyle granulated white cane sugar would be accredited as a Fairtrade product, with all the company's other retail products to follow in 2009.[15]

In April 2009, the United States International Trade Commission affirmed a ruling that Chinese manufacturers can make copycat versions of its Splenda product.[16]

Disposal of sugar refining business[]

In July 2010 the company announced the sale of its sugar refining business, including rights to use the Tate & Lyle brand name and Lyle's Golden Syrup, to American Sugar Refining (owned by sugar barons the Fanjul brothers) for £211 million.[17] The sale included the Plaistow Wharf and Silvertown plants.[17] The new owners pledged that there would be no job losses as a result of the transaction.[18]

Recent history[]

In 2012, HarperCollins published The Sugar Girls, a work of narrative non-fiction based on the true stories of women who worked at Tate & Lyle's two factories in the East End of London from the 1940s to the 1960s.[19]

Nick Hampton became CEO on 1 April 2018, replacing Javed Ahmed, who stepped down from this role and from the board, and retired from the company.[20]

Tate & Lyle has developed a method to commercially produce the natural sweetener allulose. It emerged in August 2019 that the company was seeking to take advantage of the 2019 permission from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration to not list the product in total sugar or as an added sugar in commercial food ingredients.[21]

Operations[]

A Tate & Lyle tank car carrying corn syrup

The company is organised as follows:[22]

  • Food and Beverage Solutions
    • Sweeteners, such as Splenda sucralose, crystalline fructose, and allulose
    • Texturants, such as starch and gums
    • Wellness ingredients, such as dietary fibres
  • Primary Products, such as high fructose corn syrup and acidulants

See also[]

  • A. E. Staley – US owned subsidiary
  • Splenda – sucralose, a key product for the group
  • Redpath Sugar, once owned by T&L; sold in 2010 as part of package deal to ASR

References[]

  1. ^ Jump up to: a b c d "Annual Report 2020" (PDF). Tate & Lyle. Retrieved 3 March 2021.
  2. ^ "About us". Tate & Lyle. Retrieved 3 March 2021.
  3. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g "Tate & Lyle Home".
  4. ^ The River Thames from Hampton Court to the Millennium Dome (1999) ISBN 1-86011-701-5
  5. ^ Duncan Barrett and Nuala Calvi (2012). The Sugar Girls. Collins. ISBN 978-0-00-744847-0.
  6. ^ "The Tate Galleries and Slavery | Tate". 12 February 2021. Archived from the original on 12 February 2021. Retrieved 13 February 2021.
  7. ^ "The Tate Galleries and Slavery | Tate". 12 February 2021. Archived from the original on 12 February 2021. Retrieved 13 February 2021.
  8. ^ Jump up to: a b "Sir Saxon Tate, Bt". The Daily Telegraph. 5 September 2012. Retrieved 25 August 2016.
  9. ^ "Tate & Lyle plans end of 250-year Scots link with switch to London plant. Bitter blow from sugar firm". The Herald. Glasgow. 21 July 1995. Retrieved 28 April 2017.
  10. ^ "DuPont and Tate & Lyle to Open $100 Million Bioproducts Plant". GreenBiz. Retrieved 3 April 2015.
  11. ^ Sin, Lee Tin; Rahmat, Abdul Razak; Rahman, W. A. W. A. (2012). Polylactic Acid: PLA Biopolymer Technology and Applications. William Andrew. ISBN 978-1437744590.
  12. ^ "Tereos starch subsidiary Syral finalises the acquisition of 5 Tate & Lyle Plants" (PDF). Syral. Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 November 2008. Retrieved 14 January 2010.
  13. ^ "Farewell, Tunnel Refineries". 853: News, views and issues around Greenwich, Charlton, Blackheath and Woolwich, south-east London. Retrieved 4 September 2016.
  14. ^ "A history of Tate & Lyle told in cake". The Royal Docks. Retrieved 2 April 2020.
  15. ^ "Tate & Lyle sugar to be Fairtrade". BBC News. 23 February 2008. Retrieved 23 February 2008.
  16. ^ Alison Frankel. "Sweet Surrender: Bingham Wins ITC Sugar Substitute Case". Litigation Daily. Retrieved 3 April 2015.
  17. ^ Jump up to: a b Tate & Lyle sells sugar arm to American Sugar Refining BBC News, 1 July 2010
  18. ^ Finch, Julia; Wray, Richard (1 July 2010). "Tate & Lyle agrees sale of historic sugar business for £211m". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2 April 2020.
  19. ^ Matt Nicholls (23 February 2011). "Sweet! Tate & Lyle lives celebrated". Newham Recorder.
  20. ^ "Nick Hampton Appointed CEO". Tate & Lyle Press Release. 16 January 2018. Retrieved 21 January 2018.
  21. ^ Elejalde-Ruiz, Alexia (22 August 2019). "A natural sweetener with a tenth of sugar's calories. Allulose, developed in Hoffman Estates, could be 'breakthrough ingredient.'". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved 25 August 2019.
  22. ^ "Our structure". Tate & Lyle. Retrieved 20 March 2019.

Further reading[]

  • Steven K. Ashby and C. J. Hawking (13 March 2009). Staley: The Fight For A New American Labor Movement. University of Illinois Press. ISBN 978-0-252-07640-4. – A source for information concerning T&L's union-busting activities in the early 1990s in Decatur, Illinois
  • Sugar and All That... A History of TATE & LYLE by Antony Hugill (Gentry Books, 1978) ISBN 0-85614-048-1
  • Tate & Lyle PLC and Ferruzzi Finanziaria SpA and S & W Berisford PLC, 1987 Competition Commission report
  • Tate & Lyle PLC and British Sugar plc, 1991 Competition Commission report
  • Duncan Barrett and Nuala Calvi (2012). The Sugar Girls. Collins. ISBN 978-0-00-744847-0.

External links[]

Retrieved from ""