Timeline of Sydney

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by with reliable sources.

Pre-Colonial[]

Sydney Cove, Port Jackson, 1792
  • 50,000–45,000 BP – Near Penrith, a far western suburb of Sydney, numerous Aboriginal stone tools were found in Cranebrook Terraces gravel sediments dating to this time period; at first when these results were new they were controversial. More recently in 1987 and 2003, dating of the same strata has revised and corroborated these dates.[1]
  • 30,000 BP – Radiocarbon dating suggests human activity occurred in and around the Sydney basin, as evidenced by an archaeological dig in Parramatta, in Western Sydney.[2][3] The finds show that the Aboriginal Australians in that region used charcoal, stone tools and possible ancient campfires.[4][5]
  • 21,100–17,800 BP – Stone artifact assemblages dating to this time period discovered in Shaws Creek (near Hawkesbury River) and in Blue Mountains. A rock shelter with flakes dating to this period discovered near Nepean River.[6]
  • 5,000–7000 BP – The Sydney rock engravings, a form of Australian Aboriginal rock art consisting of carefully drawn images of people, animals, or symbols, date to this time period.[7]
  • 4,000–2,000 BC – The first backed stone artifacts developed, such as blades and spears. The stones would drill, scrape, cut and grind material. They were also associated with woodworking.[8]
  • 1,000–500 BC – Bone and shell usage dating to this period discovered. They would've been attached to fishing spear prongs, which would mean that multi-pronged fishing spears occurred at this time. The evidence of spear-throwing is suggested by an excavated shell in Balmoral Beach.[9]

18th–19th centuries[]

Government House, 1819
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  • 1770 – Lieutenant (later Captain) James Cook, in command of HMS Endeavour, sighted the east coast of Australia and landed at a bay in what is now southern Sydney.
  • 1788 – Sydney founded as British penal settlement following arrival of the First Fleet of eleven vessels under the command of Captain Arthur Phillip;[10] French vessels under the command of Lapérouse land in Botany Bay.
  • 1792 – Burial Ground established.
  • 1796 – Population: 2,953.
  • 1797 – Prospect, a western Sydney suburb, became the boundary between colonists and indigenous Australians. Hostility grew where a state of guerrilla warfare existed between indigenous people and the settler communities at Prospect and Parramatta.[11] The aboriginal people were led by their leader, Pemulwuy, a member of the Bidjigal tribe who occupied the land.[12]
  • 1803 – Sydney Gazette newspaper begins publication.[13]
  • 1804 – construction begins.[14]
  • 1808 – Rum Rebellion.
  • 1810 – Macquarie Street laid out.
  • 1816
    • Royal Botanic Gardens open.
    • Sydney Hospital built.
  • 1817 – Bank of New South Wales established.[15]
  • 1819 – Hyde Park Barracks built.
  • 1820 – Devonshire Street Cemetery established.
  • 1823 – Sydney Royal Easter Show begins.
  • 1824 – St James' Church consecrated.
  • 1825 – New South Wales Legislative Council established in Sydney.
  • 1827 – Australian Museum established.[16]
  • 1831 – Weekly Sydney Herald newspaper begins publication.[17][18]
  • 1833
  • 1837 – Government House [20] and Botany-Sydney aqueduct[19] built.
  • 1838 – David Jones (shop) in business.[21]
  • 1839 – Cockatoo Island prison in operation.
  • 1840 – Farmers & Co. in business.[22]
  • 1841 – Darlinghurst Gaol in operation.
  • 1842
    • City incorporated; city council elected.[23]
    • Area of city: 11.65 square kilometres (approximate).[24]
    • Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Sydney established.
  • 1850
  • 1854
  • 1855
  • 1856
  • 1857 – St John's College founded.[25]
  • 1858 – Sydney Observatory built.
  • 1859 – Parliamentary electoral districts of East Sydney and West Sydney created.
  • 1861 – Population: 95,000 city and suburbs.[20]
  • 1868
  • 1869 – Sydney Free Public Library established.[27]
  • 1871 – Sydney Exchange and Academy of Art founded.
  • 1874 - Art Gallery of New South Wales opened.
  • 1877 – Waverley Cemetery established near city.
  • 1878 – Robinson-Finlay wedding takes place.
  • 1879 St Aloysius College, Jesuit school established.
    • Sydney Riot of 1879.
    • Sydney International Exhibition held; Garden Palace built.
    • Art Gallery of New South Wales opens.
    • Dymocks Bookseller in business.
    • New South Wales Zoological Society founded.[28]
    • Royal National Park established near city.
  • 1881 – Population: 237,300 city and suburbs.[20]
  • 1882
  • 1883
    • Melbourne–Sydney railway built.[29]
    • Sydney High School and Sydney Wharf Labourers Union[30] established.
  • 1889
  • 1890
  • 1891
  • 1892 – Strand Arcade opens.
  • 1893 – Technological Museum opens.
  • 1894 – Photographic Society of New South Wales founded.
  • 1895 – City Tattersalls Club formed.
  • 1898 – Queen Victoria Building constructed.
  • 1900 – Sydney Harbour Trust active, White Australia Policy founded.

20th century[]

1900s–1940s[]

King Street, circa 1900
  • 1901
    • City becomes part of the new Commonwealth of Australia.[29]
    • Royal Australian Historical Society founded.
    • Population: 112,137 city; 369,693 suburbs.[20]
  • 1902 – Second Pyrmont Bridge built.
  • 1903 – Glebe Island Bridge and Her Majesty's Theatre[33][34] rebuilt. Bronte Surf Club became the first Surf Club as noted in Bronte by S. Vesper in his history of the Bronte Surf Club
  • 1904 – Electric street lighting installed.[34]
  • 1905 – Hordern's Palace Emporium in business.
  • 1906
  • 1907
  • 1908
    • Camperdown becomes part of city.[24]
    • New South Wales Rugby League Premiership formed
  • 1909 – City of Sydney Library established.
  • 1910 – The Sun newspaper begins publication.[35]
  • 1912 – Culwulla Chambers built.[34]
  • 1913 – Parcel Post Office built at Railway Square.
  • 1915 – Sydney Conservatorium of Music established.[25]
  • 1916 – 14 February: Liverpool riot of 1916.
  • 1917 – J.G. Park photography studio in business (approximate date).[32]
  • 1920
    • 18 February: World's "first" swimsuit competition (beauty contest) held in Sydney.[18]
    • Hurlstone Park Choral Society formed.
  • 1921- Bronte Splashers Winter Swimming Club was formed becoming the first Winter Swimming Club in Australia

1924

    • Sydney Airport begins operating.
    • Hordern Pavilion built.
  • 1926
    • Electric train services begin
  • 1927
Sydney Harbour Bridge
  • 1928
  • 1929
  • 1930
    • Modern Art Centre opens.[37]
    • Grace Building constructed.
Aerial view of Sydney, 1932
  • 1932
    • Sydney Harbour Bridge, Town Hall railway station, and Wynyard railway station open.
    • Dymocks building constructed.[36]
  • 1935 – Luna Park and Astoria Theatre[38] open.
  • 1938 – City hosts 1938 British Empire Games.
  • 1939 – AWA Tower built.[36]
Martin Place in 1939, prior to pedestrianisation.
  • 1940 – St. James Theatre opens.[38]
  • 1941 – Daily Mirror newspaper begins publication.[17]
  • 1942 – May–June: Attack on Sydney Harbour by Japanese forces.
  • 1946 – Sydney Symphony Orchestra active.
  • 1947 – Population: 95,852 city; 1,484,434 metro.[25]
  • 1949 – Alexandria, Darlington, Erskineville, Glebe, Newtown, Paddington, Redfern, and Waterloo become part of the city.[24]

1950s–1990s[]

  • 1953 – Sydney Sun-Herald newspaper in publication.[35]
  • 1954 – Sydney Film Festival begins.
  • 1956 – ATN Channel 7 television begins broadcasting.[35]
  • 1961 – Last Trams in Sydney operate
  • 1964 – Paddington Society founded.[39]
  • 1967 – Australia Square hi-rise built.
  • 1968
    • South Sydney Municipal Council created.[24]
    • Sister city relationship established with San Francisco, USA.[40]
  • 1971 – City of Sydney Strategic Plan created.[41]
  • 1971 – Green Bans begin in Hunters Hill
  • 1972 – Construction workers take over the Sydney Opera House
  • 1972 – Aboriginal Medical Service established in Redfern.[34]
  • 1973 – Sydney Opera House opens.
  • 1977
    • Granville train disaster
    • Sydney Festival begins.
    • MLC Centre opens
  • 1979
    • 9 June: 1979 Sydney Ghost Train fire.
    • Martin Place pedestrianised.
    • Martin Place railway station opens.
    • Sydney Gay and Lesbian Mardi Gras begins.
    • Sydney Theatre Company founded.
  • 1981 – Sydney Tower opened
  • 1983 – Beverly Hills Twin Cinema in business.[38]
  • 1985
  • 1987 – University of Sydney's Research Institute for Asia and the Pacific established.[42]
  • 1988
  • 1989
    • South Sydney City Council established.[24]
    • Area of city: 6.19 square kilometres.[24]
Sydney hosts the 2000 Summer Olympics.
  • 1990 – Sydney Children's Choir founded.
  • 1991 - Sydney Park established.
  • 1992 – Sydney Harbour Tunnel opened
  • 1993 – South Sydney Heritage Society founded.[43]
  • 1994 – Sydney International Aquatic Centre opens.
  • 1995 – Anzac Bridge opens.
  • 1997 – Asian Australian Artists’ Association Gallery 4A opens.[44]
    • The Star, Sydney casino opens
  • 1998
    • July: 1998 Sydney water crisis
    • BridgeClimb Sydney commences
  • 1999 – Sydney Super Dome, Stadium Australia, and City Recital Hall open.
  • 2000
    • September: City hosts 2000 Summer Olympics & 2000 Summer Paralympics
    • City of Sydney Historical Association founded.[45]

21st century[]

2000s[]

  • 2001
    • Sydney Harbour Federation Trust established.
    • Population: 4,128,272.
  • 2003 – Lowy Institute for International Policy headquartered in city.[42]
  • 2004
    • 14 February: 2004 Redfern riots.[10]
    • City of South Sydney becomes part of City of Sydney.
  • 2005
    • December: 2005 Cronulla riots occur near city.[10]
    • Cross City Tunnel opens.
    • Bankstown Bites Food Festival and Sydney Comedy Festival begin.
  • 2007
    • September: Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation forum meets in city.
    • begins.
  • 2009

2010s[]

A Sydney Metro train
  • 2011
    • Population: 4,028,524.[46]
  • 2014
    • 2014 Sydney hostage crisis
  • 2017
  • 2019
    • Completion of the Sydney Metro Northwest, the first line of the upcoming Sydney Metro, Australia's first rapid transit system.

See also[]

References[]

  1. ^ Attenbrow, Val (2010). Sydney's Aboriginal Past: Investigating the Archaeological and Historical Records. Sydney: UNSW Press. pp. 152–153. ISBN 978-1-74223-116-7. Retrieved 11 November 2013.
  2. ^ Geoffrey Blainey; A Very Short History of the World; Penguin Books; 2004; ISBN 978-0-14-300559-9
  3. ^ Blainey, Geoffrey (2004). A Very Short History of the World. Penguin Books. ISBN 978-0-14-300559-9.
  4. ^ Macey, Richard (2007). "Settlers' history rewritten: go back 30,000 years". The Sydney Morning Herald.
  5. ^ Mulvaney, D J and White, Peter, 1987, Australians to 1788, Fairfax, Syme & Weldon, Sydney
  6. ^ V Attenbrow, G Robertson and P Hiscock, 'The changing abundance of backed artefacts in south-eastern Australia: a response to climate change?', Journal of Archaeological Science, vol 36, no 2009, pp 2765–70
  7. ^ McDonald, J. 1999. Bedrock notions and isochrestic choice: evidence for localised stylistic patterning in the engravings of the Sydney region. Archaeology in Oceania 34(3): 145–160.
  8. ^ P Hiscock, Archaeology of Ancient Australia, Routledge, New York, 2008
  9. ^ J McDonald, Dreamtime Superhighway. An Analysis of Sydney Basin Rock Art and Prehistoric Information Exchange, Terra Australis 27, ANU EPress, Canberra, 2008
  10. ^ a b c "Australia Profile: Timeline". BBC News. Retrieved 14 May 2014.
  11. ^ Collins, D., An Account of the English Colony in New South Wales, Vol. 1, Cadell and Davies, London, 1798.
  12. ^ Willey, K., When the sky fell down : the destruction of the tribes of the Sydney region, 1788-1850s, Collins, Sydney, 1979
  13. ^ Townsend 1867.
  14. ^ "Colonial fort that never was". Sydney Morning Herald. 21 October 2008. Retrieved 14 May 2014.
  15. ^ Bain 2007.
  16. ^ Waugh's Australian Almanac. Sydney: Sherriff and Downing. 1863.
  17. ^ a b "Sydney (N.S.W.) Newspapers". WorldCat. USA: Online Computer Library Center. Retrieved 14 May 2014.
  18. ^ a b Steven Anzovin and Janet Podell, ed. (2000). Famous First Facts. H.W. Wilson Co. ISBN 0824209583.
  19. ^ a b Heaton 1879.
  20. ^ a b c d e f g h Britannica 1910.
  21. ^ Old Times 1903.
  22. ^ Reekie 1987.
  23. ^ Golder 1995.
  24. ^ a b c d e f "City Boundaries and Wards, 1842–2004". Historical Atlas of Sydney. City of Sydney Archives. Retrieved 14 May 2014.
  25. ^ a b c d e Leon E. Seltzer, ed. (1952), "Sydney", Columbia Lippincott Gazetteer of the World, New York: Columbia University Press, p. 1856, OL 6112221M
  26. ^ Proudfoot 1986.
  27. ^ Moore's Australian Almanac. Sydney: J.J. Moore. 1878.
  28. ^ Yearbook 1891.
  29. ^ a b Haydn 1910.
  30. ^ "Australian Trade Union Archives". Retrieved 14 May 2014.
  31. ^ Annual Report 1903.
  32. ^ a b Sydney University Museums. "Commercial Photographers". Collections. University of Sydney. Retrieved 14 May 2014.
  33. ^ Annual Report 1904.
  34. ^ a b c d e f Board of Studies. "Australian 20th Century Timeline". Teaching Heritage. New South Wales Government. Retrieved 14 May 2014.
  35. ^ a b c Rod Kirkpatrick (2012). "Press Timeline". Australian Newspaper Plan. National Library of Australia.
  36. ^ a b c d e Exchange 2011.
  37. ^ "Australia, 1900 A.D.–present: Key Events". Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art. Retrieved 30 January 2015.
  38. ^ a b c "Movie Theaters in Sydney, New South Wales". CinemaTreasures.org. Los Angeles: Cinema Treasures LLC. Retrieved 14 May 2014.
  39. ^ "Our History". Paddington Society. Retrieved 14 May 2014.
  40. ^ "San Francisco Sister Cities". USA: City & County of San Francisco. Retrieved 30 December 2015.
  41. ^ Punter 2004.
  42. ^ a b c "Organizations". International Relations and Security Network. Switzerland: Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich. Retrieved 14 May 2014.
  43. ^ "Local history groups". City of Sydney. Retrieved 30 August 2015.
  44. ^ "Australia". Art Spaces Directory. New York: New Museum. Retrieved 14 May 2014.
  45. ^ "City of Sydney Historical Association". Retrieved 14 May 2014.
  46. ^ "Population of Capital Cities and Cities of 100,000 or More Inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 2012. United Nations Statistics Division. 2013.
  47. ^ "Sydney population hits 5 million". Australian Bureau of Statistics. 30 March 2017. Retrieved 5 April 2017.

Bibliography[]

Published in the 19th century[]

Published in the 20th century[]

  • "Sydney". Chambers's Encyclopaedia. London. 1901.
  • Illustrated Guide to Sydney. Sydney: Dymock's Book Arcade and Circulating Library. 1901.
  • Old Times, Sydney: Commercial Publishing Co., April 1903
  • Annual Report for ... 1903, City of Sydney, 1903
  • Annual Report for ... 1904, City of Sydney, 1903
  • J.D. Fitzgerald (1906). Greater Sydney and Greater Newcastle. Sydney: N.S.W. Bookstall Company.
  • Norddeutscher Lloyd (1906). "Sydney". 'Lloyd' Guide to Australasia. London: Edward Stanford.
  • "Sydney (N.S.W.)" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 26 (11th ed.). 1910. pp. 278–280.
  • Benjamin Vincent (1910), "Sydney", Haydn's Dictionary of Dates (25th ed.), London: Ward, Lock & Co.
  • K. W. Robinson, 'Sydney, 1850–1952, A Comparison of Developments in the Heart of the City', Australian Geographer, Vol. 6, 1952–1956
  • Nineteenth Century Sydney: Essays in Urban History, M. Kelly (ed.), Sydney University Press, 1978
  • P.R. Proudfoot (1986). "Changing Patterns of Maritime Activity in Central Sydney". The Great Circle. Australian Association for Maritime History. 8 (1): 33–53. JSTOR 41562715.
  • Gail Reekie (1987). ""Humanising Industry": Paternalism, Welfarism and Labour Control in Sydney's Big Stores 1890–1930". Labour History (53): 1–19. JSTOR 27508857.
  • Sydney Street Directory, Macquarie Park, N.S.W: Gregory's, 1987, OL 24208759M
  • P. Webber, ed. (1988), The Design of Sydney. Sydney: Law Book Company.
  • Shirley H. Fitzgerald, Sydney 1842–1992 (Hale and Iremonger, Sydney, 1992)
  • Paul Ashton (1993). The accidental city: planning Sydney since 1788. Hale & Iremonger. ISBN 0868064874.
  • Hilary Golder (1995), "Electoral History of Sydney 1842–1992", Sydney's History, City of Sydney
  • J. Birmingham. (1999), Leviathan: The Unauthorised Biography of Sydney. Knopf.

Published in the 21st century[]

  • Sydney: the Emergence of a World City. Melbourne: Oxford University Press, 2000.
  • P. Spearritt. (2000), Sydney's Century: a History. Sydney: University of New South Wales Press.
  • Sydney, Condensed Guides, Lonely Planet, 2000, OL 8647599M
  • "Sydney: On Top of the World Down Under", National Geographic Magazine, USA, vol. 198, 2000
  • Ken Bernstein (2003), "Sydney", Pocket Guide Australia, Berlitz, OL 9196697M
  • "Sydney". Understanding Slums: Case Studies for the Global Report 2003. United Nations Human Settlements Programme and University College London. 2003.
  • John Punter (2004). "From the Ill-Mannered to the Iconic: Design Regulation in Central Sydney 1947–2002". Town Planning Review. 75 (4): 405–445. doi:10.3828/tpr.75.4.3. JSTOR 40112621.
  • Jim Bain (2007). A Financial Tale of Two Cities: Sydney and Melbourne's Remarkable Contest for Commercial Supremacy. UNSW Press. ISBN 978-0-86840-963-4.
  • History Program (2011). "Exchange: Commercial & Retail Sydney". Historical Walking Tours. City of Sydney.

External links[]

Coordinates: 33°51′36″S 151°12′40″E / 33.859972°S 151.211111°E / -33.859972; 151.211111

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