Timeline of Tehran

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Tehran, Iran.

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by with reliable sources.

Prior to 20th century[]

Video shows Tehran during years (Tahmasp Fortification 1550s, Naseri Fortification 1850s, current area and gates of the city)
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  • v
  • t
  • 1553 – City wall built.[1]
  • 1723 – Afghans (Pashtuns) occupy the city.[2]
  • 1751 – Takht-e Marmar built.
  • 1759 – Khalvat Karim Khani built (approximate date).
  • 1785 – Town besieged by forces of Agha Mohammad.[3]
  • 1786 – Mohammad Khan Qajar moves Iran's capital from Sari to Tehran.[3][4]
  • 1790 – Palace built (later became Qasr Prison).
  • 1796 – Population: less than 15,000.[5]
  • 1829 – 11 February: Russian embassy attacked; Alexander Griboyedov and others killed.[3]
  • 1834 – Ali Mirza Zill-i Sultan in power.[3]
  • 1835 – Mohammad Shah Qajar in power.[3]
  • 1837 –  [fa] (newspaper) begins publication.
  • 1851 – Dar ul-Funun (school) founded.
  • 1861 – 1 March: Unrest.[3]
  • 1865 – Golestan Palace rebuilt.
  • 1867 – Shams-ol-Emareh built.
  • 1869
    • City expanded by Naser al-Din Shah.[2]
    • Population: 155,000.[6]
  • 1872 – Jolfa-Tabriz-Tehran telegraph begins operating (approximate date).[7]
  • 1873
    • City wall rebuilt.[1]
    • Museum founded by Naser al-Din Shah.[8]
  • 1881 – Baharistan Palace built.[8]
  • 1883 – Abyaze Palace built.
  • 1888 – Teheran-Abd-al-Azim Railway begins operating.[9]
  • 1889 – Imperial Bank of Persia headquartered in Tehran.[9]
  • 1896
    • 1 May: Assassination of Naser al-Din Shah Qajar; Mozaffar ad-Din Shah Qajar in power.[3]
    • Tarbiyat newspaper begins publication.
  • 1899 – Tehran School of Political Sciences established.

20th century[]

1900s–1940s[]

  • 1906
    • "Bast of the constitutionalists at the British legation" occurs.[3][10]
    • Baharestan parliament building inaugurated.[3]
  • 1907
    • 31 August: Assassination of Mirza Ali Asghar Khan Amin al-Soltan.[3]
    • German School established.[2]
  • 1908
    •  [fa] becomes mayor.
    • Bombardment of Iranian parliament by Russian forces.[3]
  • 1909
    • 13–15 July: City taken by nationalist forces of Ali-Qoli Khan Bakhtiari.[3]
    • 18 July: Ahmad Shah Qajar in power.[3]
  • 1910 – Mirza Abbaskhan Mohandes Bashi Hodud becomes mayor.
  • 1911 – Population: approximately 280,000.[2]
  • 1914 – Ebrahim-Khan Yomn-Olsaltaneh Monaghah becomes mayor.[11]
  • 1918 – School of Law established.
  • 1919 – Armaḡān literary journal begins publication.(fa)[1]
  • 1920 – Iran Club (football) founded.
  • 1921
  • 1923 – Karim Buzarjomehri becomes mayor.
  • 1925 / 1304 SH – 31 March: Solar Hijri calendar legally adopted in Iran.
  • 1926 – Ettela'at newspaper begins publication.
  • 1929 – Governmental Technical Institute founded.
  • 1931 – University of Tehran Botanical Garden founded.[12]
  • 1932 – The Second Eastern Women's Congress takes place in Tehran in Iran.
  • 1934
    • University of Tehran inaugurated.
    • Gholi Hooshmand becomes mayor.[11]
  • 1937 – National Library of Iran inaugurated.
  • 1938
    • Trans-Iranian Railway (Bandar Shah-Tehran-Bandar Shahpur) in operation.
    • Ghasem Soor-Esrafil becomes mayor.[11]
  • 1940
    • Ali Asghar Foruzan becomes mayor.[11]
    • Population: 400,000.[6]
  • 1941 –  [fa] becomes mayor, succeeded by  [fa].
  • 1942
    • Seyed Mehdi Emadolsaltaneh becomes mayor.[11]
    • Bread riot.[13]
  • 1943
    • Tehran Conference held.[14]
    • Fazlollah Bahrami becomes mayor, succeeded by  [fa].[11]
  • 1944 – Gholam-Hossein Ebtehaj becomes mayor.[11]
  • 1945
  • 1947
  • 1949
    • Apadana art gallery opens.[16]
    •  [fa] becomes mayor.

1950s–1960s[]

  • 1950 – Mehdi Namdar becomes mayor.[11]
  • 1951
  • 1952 –  [fa] becomes mayor.
  • 1953
  • 1954 –  [fa] becomes mayor, succeeded by  [fa].
  • 1955
  • 1956
    • Allameh Tabatabai University established.
    • Population: 1,512,032.[6]
    • Mahmood Davaloo becomes mayor.[11]
  • 1957 –  [fa] becomes mayor.
  • 1958
    • Tehran Polytechnic and Tehran Zoo[17] established.
    • Tehran Biennial art exhibit begins.[16]
    • Mousa Maham becomes mayor.
    • .[clarification needed]
  • 1959
  • 1960
    • Fathollah Forood becomes mayor.[11]
    • Central Bank of the Islamic Republic of Iran established.
  • 1961
    • Mohsen Nasr becomes mayor.[11]
    • German Speaking Evangelical Church, Tehran built.
  • 1962
  • 1963
  • 1964
    • Higher Educational Institute For Girls founded.
    • International Regional Cooperation for Development headquartered in Tehran.[19]
  • 1965
  • 1966
    • Rey and Tajrish become part of Tehran.[20]
    • Malek National Library and Museum opens.[21]
    • Population: 2,719,730.[6]
  • 1967 –  [fa] becomes mayor, succeeded by  [fa].
  • 1968
    • April–May: International Conference on Human Rights held in city.[22][23]
    • Tehran derby (football contest) begins.
    • National Botanical Garden of Iran established.[citation needed]
    • Niavaran Palace built.
    • Javad Shahrestani becomes mayor.
  • 1969 – Gholamreza Nikpey becomes mayor.

1970s–1990s[]

21st century[]

2000s[]

2010s[]

See also[]

References[]

  1. ^ Jump up to: a b Eckart Ehlers. "Cities: Modern Urbanization and Modernization in Persia". Encyclopædia Iranica. Retrieved 16 February 2017.
  2. ^ Jump up to: a b c d Britannica 1910.
  3. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Bosworth 2007.
  4. ^ Hambly, Gavin R.G. (1991). "Agha Muhammad Khan and the Establishment of the Qajar Dynasty." The Cambridge History of Iran, Vol. 7: From Nadir Shah to the Islamic Republic. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 104–144. ISBN 9780521200950.
  5. ^ G.A. Olivier (1802), Reise durch das Türkische Reich, Egypten und Persien, während der ersten sechs Jahre der französischen Republik oder von 1792 bis 1798 (in German), Weimar: Verlag des Landes-Industrie-Comptoirs, OCLC 13068445 Quoted in: Encyclopædia Britannica, 1911.
  6. ^ Jump up to: a b c d Firoozi 1974.
  7. ^ Hooshang Amirahmadi (2012). Political Economy of Iran under the Qajars: Society, Politics, Economics and Foreign Relations 1796–1936. I.B.Tauris. ISBN 978-0-85772-258-4.
  8. ^ Jump up to: a b Baedeker 1914.
  9. ^ Jump up to: a b "Persia". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1922.
  10. ^ J. Calmard (1988). "Bast". Encyclopædia Iranica.
  11. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u "Previous Mayors". Tehran Municipality, Public & International Relations Department. Retrieved 4 February 2017.
  12. ^ "Garden Search: Iran". London: Botanic Gardens Conservation International. Retrieved 1 February 2017.
  13. ^ McFarland 1942.
  14. ^ Richard Overy, ed. (2013). New York Times Book of World War II 1939–1945. ISBN 978-1-60376-377-6.
  15. ^ Jump up to: a b John L. Esposito (2003). Oxford Dictionary of Islam. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-975726-8.
  16. ^ Jump up to: a b c "Iran, 1900 A.D.–present". Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art. Retrieved 1 February 2017.
  17. ^ Vernon N. Kisling, ed. (2000). "Zoos and Aquariums of the World (chronological list)". Zoo and Aquarium History. USA: CRC Press. pp. 369+. ISBN 978-1-4200-3924-5.
  18. ^ "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1965. New York: Statistical Office of the United Nations. 1966. pp. 140–161.
  19. ^ Jump up to: a b c Richard Green (2004). Chronology of International Organizations. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-135-35590-6.
  20. ^ Jump up to: a b Hourcade 2005.
  21. ^ Christopher Markiewicz and Nir Shafir, ed. (2014). "Malek National Library and Museum". Hazine: a Guide to Researching the Middle East and Beyond.
  22. ^ International Conference on Human Rights Teheran (1968), Final Act, United Nations, OL 5452289M
  23. ^ Edmund Jan Osmańczyk (2003). Encyclopedia of the United Nations and International Agreements. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 978-0-415-93922-5.
  24. ^ "Sister Cities of Los Angeles". USA: City of Los Angeles. Retrieved 30 December 2015.
  25. ^ United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office (1976). "Population of capital city and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1975. New York. pp. 253–279.
  26. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e BBC News. "Iran Profile: Timeline". Retrieved 1 February 2017.
  27. ^ United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office (1987). "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". 1985 Demographic Yearbook. New York. pp. 247–289.
  28. ^ "Iran". Europa World Year Book. Europa Publications. 2004. ISBN 978-1-85743-255-8.
  29. ^ Don Rubin; et al., eds. (2001), World Encyclopedia of Contemporary Theatre: Asia/Pacific, Routledge, ISBN 9780415260879
  30. ^ "Countries of the World: Iran". Statesman's Yearbook 2003. UK: Palgrave Macmillan. 2002. ISBN 978-0-333-98096-5.
  31. ^ Monroe Price (ed.). "Wiki". Iran Media Program (in English and Persian). University of Pennsylvania, Annenberg School for Communication, Center for Global Communication Studies. Retrieved 12 February 2017.
  32. ^ "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 2015. United Nations Statistics Division. 2016.
  33. ^ "Freak Sandstorm". BBC. 2 June 2014.

This article incorporates information from the Persian Wikipedia, French Wikipedia, and German Wikipedia.

Bibliography[]

in English[]

  • "Shah of Persia", Quarterly Review, London: John Murray (269), pp. 258+, 1873, hdl:2027/njp.32101076533361. (includes brief description of Tehran)
  • Edward Balfour (1885), "Teheran", Cyclopaedia of India (3rd ed.), London: B. Quaritch
  • S.G.W. Benjamin (1885). "The City of Teheran". Century Magazine. 31 (2).
  • Samuel Greene Wheeler Benjamin (1887), "The City of Teheran", Persia and the Persians, London: J. Murray
  • George Nathaniel Curzon (1892), "Teheran", Persia and the Persian Question, London: Longmans, Green & Co., OCLC 3444074
  • "Teheran", Chambers's Encyclopaedia, London: W. & R. Chambers, 1901, hdl:2027/njp.32101065312959
  • "Teheran", Jewish Encyclopedia, 12, New York, 1906, hdl:2027/mdp.49015002282441
  • Abraham Valentine Williams Jackson (1906), "Tehran", Persia Past and Present: a Book of Travel and Research, New York: Macmillan
  • "Teheran", Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.), New York, 1910, OCLC 14782424 – via Internet Archive
  • "Teheran", Russia with Teheran, Port Arthur, and Peking, Leipzig: K. Baedeker, 1914, OCLC 1328163
  • "Teheran". Encyclopaedia of Islam. E.J. Brill. 1936. p. 713?+. ISBN 9004097961.
  • (1985). "Anatomy of an Iranian Political Crowd: The Tehran Bread Riot of December 1942". International Journal of Middle East Studies. 17 (1): 51–65. doi:10.1017/S0020743800028762. JSTOR 163309.
  • Ferydoon Firoozi (1974). "Tehran: A Demographic and Economic Analysis". Middle Eastern Studies. 10 (1): 60–76. doi:10.1080/00263207408700263. JSTOR 4282511.
  • Hushang Bahrambeygui (1977), Tehran: an urban analysis, Sahâb, OCLC 5672777
  • Mansoureh Ettehadieh Nezam-Mafi. "Patterns in Urban Development: the Growth of Tehran (1852–1903), in Edmund Bosworth and Carole Hillenbrand, eds., Qajar Iran: Political, Social and Cultural Change 1800–1925 (Costa Mesa: Mazda, 1992), pp. 199–212.
  • Ali Madanipour. Tehran: The Making of a Metropolis (New York: John Wiley, 1998).
  • Xavier de Planhol (2004). "Tehran". Encyclopædia Iranica.
  • C. Edmund Bosworth, ed. (2007). "Tehran". Historic Cities of the Islamic World. Leiden: Koninklijke Brill. pp. 503–519. ISBN 978-9004153882.
  • Michael R.T. Dumper; Bruce E. Stanley, eds. (2008), "Tehran", Cities of the Middle East and North Africa, Santa Barbara, USA: ABC-CLIO, pp. 348+, ISBN 9781576079195
  • Aḥmad Monzawī; ʿAlī Naqī Monzawī (2012). "Bibliographies and Catalogues in Iran: Tehran". Encyclopædia Iranica.

in other languages[]

  • Xavier de Planhol. "De la ville islamique à la métropole iranienne: quelques aspects du développement contemporain de Téhéran," dans Recherches sur la géographie humaine de l'Iran septentrional (in French) (Paris: 1964).
  • Paul Vieille and K. Moheni, "Ecologie culturelle d'une ville islamique: Téhéran," Revue Géographique de l'Est 9:3–4 (1969): 315–359. (in French)
  • Paul Vieille. Marché des terrains et société urbaine. Recherche sur la ville de Tehran (in French) (Paris: Anthropos, 1970).
  •  [fr] (1974). "Téhéran: évolution récente d'une métropole".  [fr] (in French). 16 – via Persée.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) Free to read
  •  [de] (1975). "Strukturelemente der Stadt Teheran und das Modell der modernen orientalischen Stadt". Erdkunde (in German) (29). ISSN 0014-0015.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  • Martin Seger (1978), Tehran: Eine stadtgeographische Studie (in German), ISBN 0387813683
  • Chahryar Adle; Bernard Hourcade, eds. (1992). Téhéran capitale bicentenaire.  [de] (in French and English). Paris: . ISBN 2-87723-055-4.
  • Bernard Hourcade (2005). "L'émergence des banlieues de Téhéran".  [fr] (in French) (24: Métropoles et métropolisation).
  • Mina Saïdi-Sharouz, ed. (2013). Le Téhéran des quartiers populaires: Transformation urbaine et société civile en République islamique (in French). Paris: Éditions Karthala. ISBN 978-2-8111-0931-8.

External links[]

Coordinates: 35°41′46″N 51°25′23″E / 35.69611°N 51.42306°E / 35.69611; 51.42306

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