Transmission Gully Motorway

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State Highway 1 NZ.svg
Transmission Gully Motorway (under construction)
State Highway 1
Map of the route of the Transmission Gully Motorway
The route of the Transmission Gully Motorway. The map does not reflect the actual location of the link roads.
Route information
Maintained by NZ Transport Agency
Length27 km (17 mi)
Statusunder construction
Major junctions
North endState Highway 1 NZ.svg SH 1 at Mackays Crossing, north of Paekākāriki
South endState Highway 1 NZ.svg SH 1 at Kenepuru and Linden, north of Tawa
Location
Primary
destinations
Highway system

The Transmission Gully Motorway is a 27-kilometre-long (17-mile), four-lane motorway under construction north of Wellington, New Zealand.[1] Construction began on 8 September 2014 and completion was originally scheduled for April 2020, but contractual negotiations as well as difficulties resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in delays, with the opening now scheduled for September 2021.[2][3][4]

Route[]

A highway connecting the Kapiti Coast to Pāuatahanui through the Wainui saddle was first proposed in 1919 by William Hughes Field, the MP for Ōtaki at the time, as one of two alternatives to the steep, narrow and windy Paekakariki Hill Road between Paekākāriki and Pāuatahanui.[5] His other proposal became what is now the existing State Highway 1 route north of Wellington from Ngauranga to Paekākāriki through Pukerua Bay, known as the Centennial Highway. It was started in 1936 and opened on 4 November 1939.[6] The section north from Pukerua Bay runs along the coastline below the Paekakariki escarpment.[7]

The new Transmission Gully route will complement the current route along the coast, and provide a new route between the Kapiti Coast and Wellington. From the State Highway 1 interchange at MacKays Crossing north of Paekākāriki, the route rises steeply inland to the Wainui Saddle, and then gently descends through Transmission Gully following the Horokiri Stream to the Pauatahanui Inlet, in Porirua Harbour. It continues south around the eastern edge of the Porirua suburbs of Whitby, Waitangirua and Cannons Creek, and crosses a 90-metre-high (300-foot) bridge spanning 300 metres (980 feet). It then rejoins State Highway 1 at Linden, on the boundary of Porirua and Tawa. The length is 27 kilometres (17 miles), with a maximum grade of about 8.3 percent.

Three intermediate interchanges are included in the project. The first interchange is with State Highway 58 at Pāuatahanui, providing access to the Hutt Valley. The second interchange will link via two new local roads to Whitby and Waitangirua. The third interchange will link via a new local road to Kenepuru Drive south of the Porirua city centre.

The Transmission Gully route was formally declared a motorway on 16 August 2021 with the declaration coming into force 28 days later. The route is declared as follows:

The section of road intended to be the new State Highway 1 being those traffic lanes, median, shoulders and verges commencing at the diverge of the southbound off-ramp at Mackays Crossing Interchange north of Paekākāriki (current route position SH 01N 1011/18.71) and extending through Transmission Gully in a generally southerly direction for approximately 27km to connect to the Porirua-Johnsonville motorway at Linden (intended new route position 1047/9.84), including the motorway southbound on-ramp and northbound off-ramp at Mackays Crossing Interchange, the Paekākāriki Interchange including ramps and connections, the Pāuatahanui Interchange including ramps and connections, the Waitangirua Interchange including ramps and connections and the Kenepuru Interchange including ramps and connections.[8]

Construction[]

Construction of the motorway, east of Porirua, in December 2017

Proposals have existed for some time, but it was only late in the first decade of the 21st century that serious steps were taken towards construction. The Greater Wellington Regional Council, in preparing its Western Corridor Plan, initially rejected Transmission Gully as unaffordable, preferring to upgrade the existing coastal route, but changed its position after public consultation.

On 15 December 2009 Minister of Transport Steven Joyce announced the Government's commitment to the project as one of seven Roads of National Significance, with a predicted project cost of NZ$1.025 billion.[9]

On 15 August 2011, the New Zealand Transport Agency (NZTA), Porirua City Council, and Transpower New Zealand Limited jointly applied to the Environmental Protection Authority (New Zealand) (EPA) for notices of requirement and resource consents for the Transmission Gully Proposal.[10]

On 4 May 2012, after a series of public hearings, the EPA-appointed board of inquiry into the Transmission Gully proposal stated in a draft decision that it would grant resource consents for the project.[11]

On 22 June 2012, the Environmental Protection Authority released the Transmission Gully Board of Inquiry's final report.[12] The Board of Inquiry approved the resource consents and the notices of requirement required for the Transmission Gully Proposal.[13]

On 16 May 2013, national grid owner Transpower applied for consent to the Kapiti Coast District Council to rebuild its Valley Road, Paraparaumu substation to 220 kV and build two short transmission lines to connect it to the two Bunnythorpe to Haywards 220 kV lines to the east. This would allow Transpower to demolish the existing 110 kV line between Pāuatahanui and Paraparaumu through Transmission Gully, rather than having to relocate it around the motorway.[14][15]

In spite of significant opposition, construction of the four-lane motorway began on 8 September 2014 with completion originally scheduled by Christmas 2020.[16][17] Delays due to contractual disputes and difficulties caused by the COVID-19 pandemic pushed the budget out and the opening is now scheduled for September 2021.[4]


Controversy[]

Developing a Transmission Gully road has been a topic of considerable debate in Wellington politics for some time, even as far back as 1919.[5]

Supporters claimed that it will improve access to Wellington City, arguing that the existing coastal route is too congested, is accident-prone, and could be damaged in a serious earthquake. Peter Dunne, MP for Ohariu, says that "[i]mproving Wellington City's northern access and egress is a vital key to the future economic performance and prosperity of the whole region, and the Transmission Gully highway is a vital link in that chain".[18]

Opponents of Transmission Gully stated that there were better ways to improve access to Wellington. The highway would require an extremely steep gradient on its northernmost end and many opponents consider that it would thus not actually offer any improvement over the existing coastal highway. The route that the highway must take is along the major fault line of the region, which would make it at least as earthquake prone as the existing coastal highway.

Some suggested that the existing coastal route should be upgraded, rather than building a completely new route. This was the original recommendation of the Regional Council, and was put forward as the primary alternative to building Transmission Gully. Public submissions to the Council were in favour of Transmission Gully, and the Council has changed its stance in response.

Opponents of upgrading the coastal route said that doing so would cause significant disruption to the communities it passes through, whereas Transmission Gully avoids urban areas. The former Mayor of Porirua, Jenny Brash, has said that an upgrade would generate large numbers of complaints from Porirua residents, and would therefore have difficulty receiving resource consent.[19] Others, such as the Green Party and the lobby group Option 3, believed that the money would be better spent on improving Wellington's public transport, particularly the existing rail line. They argued that the original choice between building Transmission Gully or upgrading the coastal route was a false dichotomy, and that in reality neither option was necessary or desirable.[citation needed]

Cost[]

Some opponents of the Transmission Gully project believed that its overall cost is too high, and that the region has insufficient funds to spend on it, with a benefit/cost ratio of 0.6. The previous Mayor of Wellington, Kerry Prendergast, has described the project as "unaffordable".[20] It has been suggested that making Transmission Gully a toll road would help resolve this problem and tolls would only cover a fraction of the funds necessary to build the highway.

In May 2012, Julie Anne Genter, the Greens' spokeswoman on transport, described the motorway as incurring costs of $1 billion when the official business case benefits were $600 million, in order to ease congestion for an unlikely projected growth of 1500 vehicles per day.[21] In February 2020 it was announced that the expected cost of $850m had been increased by another $191m.[22] In March 2021 the road was reported to cost a projected $1.25 billion by its opening in September 2021, and will not include a planned extra merge lane at the Linden interchange to relieve congestion.[23]

Technical and environmental issues[]

There have been claims that the route of Transmission Gully is problematic due to steep gradients, environmental damage and earthquake hazards. The route passes near the Pauatahanui Inlet, an environmentally sensitive wetland area, and construction has been identified as the likely cause of increased sedimentation.[24]

Exit list[]

Territorial authority Location km Destination(s) Notes
Kapiti Coast District Mackays Crossing State Highway 1 NZ.svg SH 1 north – Paraparaumu, Palmerston North SH 1 continues as Kapiti Expressway
Whareroa Road – Queen Elizabeth Park 40°58′15″S 174°58′59″E / 40.9709°S 174.9830°E / -40.9709; 174.9830 (Mackays Crossing interchange)
Paekākāriki Centennial Highway – Paekākāriki
Porirua City Pāuatahanui State Highway 58 NZ.svg SH 58 – Pāuatahanui, Hutt Valley
Whitby, Waitangirua James Cook Drive, Whitby
Warspite Avenue, Waitangirua
Linden Kenepuru Link Road – Porirua City Centre
State Highway 1 NZ.svg SH 1 south – Wellington SH 1 continues as Johnsonville-Porirua Motorway
1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi
  •       Unopened

See also[]

References[]

  1. ^ "Transmission Gully motorway". NZ Transport Agency. Retrieved 18 December 2017.
  2. ^ George, Damian (11 October 2019). "Wellington Gateway Partnership suing NZTA for millions over delays to Transmission Gully". Stuff. Retrieved 1 January 2020.
  3. ^ Maxwell, Joel (12 July 2020). "Transmission Gully opening could be pushed back to 2023 - Road Transport Forum boss". Dominion Post. Retrieved 4 August 2020 – via Stuff.
  4. ^ Jump up to: a b Maxwell, Joel (21 August 2020). "Transmission Gully to open by September 2021 after lengthy negotiations". Stuff. Retrieved 29 April 2021.
  5. ^ Jump up to: a b "Transport Links With Manawatu". The Evening Post. XCVII (133). 7 June 1919. p. 4. Retrieved 29 April 2021 – via Papers Past, National Library of New Zealand.
  6. ^ Reilly, Helen (2013). Pauatahanui: A local history. Wellington: Pauatahanui Residents Association. pp. 42, 128–9. ISBN 978-0-473-25439-1.
  7. ^ "Paekakariki escarpment". Tracks.org. 14 May 2015.
  8. ^ "Government Roading Powers (Declaration of Motorway in Kapiti Coast District, Upper Hutt City, Porirua City and Wellington City) Order 2021". Te Kāhiti o Aotearoa / New Zealand Gazette. Wellington. 23 August 2021. Retrieved 19 September 2021.
  9. ^ Williamson, Kerry (15 December 2009). "Tolls to fund Transmission Gully route". The Dominion Post. Retrieved 15 December 2009.
  10. ^ EPA (August 2011). "Transmission Gully Proposal". Environmental Protection Authority. Retrieved 25 June 2012.
  11. ^ BusinessDesk (4 May 2012). "Inquiry Board gives draft approval for Transmission Gully". Scoop News. Retrieved 4 May 2012.
  12. ^ The Board of Inquiry into the Transmission Gully Proposal (12 June 2012). "Final report and decision on the applications from the New Zealand Transport Agency (NZTA), Porirua City Council, and Transpower New Zealand Limited, for Notices of Requirement and Resource Consents for the Transmission Gully Proposal". Environmental Protection Authority. Retrieved 25 June 2012.
  13. ^ "Transmission Gully Proposal approved" (Press release). Environmental Protection Authority. 22 June 2012. Retrieved 25 June 2012.
  14. ^ Maxwell, Joel (26 February 2013). "Troubled power lines could go". The Dominion Post (via Stuff.co.nz). Retrieved 28 July 2013.
  15. ^ "Notified Resource Consents and Notices of Requirement – Transpower NZ Ltd". Kapiti Coast District Council. Retrieved 28 July 2013.
  16. ^ "Transmission Gully route to open by Christmas, with $1 billion price tag".
  17. ^ The New Zealand Herald 8 September 2014
  18. ^ Prendergast needs to move on (United Future press release)
  19. ^ Porirua City Council submission on Transmission Gully
  20. ^ Transmission Gully unaffordable – Wellington mayor (Dominion Post)
  21. ^ Genter, Julie Anne (15 May 2012). "Transmission Gully Figures Don't Stack Up". Stuff. Retrieved 13 August 2012.
  22. ^ "Wellington's Transmission Gully project blows out by extra $191m". RNZ. 14 February 2020. Retrieved 15 February 2020.
  23. ^ Te, Mandy; Witton, Bridie (5 March 2021). "Another speed bump for Transmission Gully: Merge-lane extension at Linden on hold". Stuff. Stuff. Retrieved 29 April 2021.
  24. ^ "Roading project likely suffocating wildlife in Porirua Harbour - Survey". RNZ. 29 August 2019. Retrieved 21 December 2019.

External links[]

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