Tual
Tual | |
|---|---|
| City of Tual Kota Tual | |
 Tual City Monument | |
 Coat of arms | |
| Motto(s): Larwur Ngabal | |
 Location within Maluku | |
| Coordinates: 5°38′12.5″S 132°45′3″E / 5.636806°S 132.75083°ECoordinates: 5°38′12.5″S 132°45′3″E / 5.636806°S 132.75083°E | |
| Country |  Indonesia |
| Province |  Maluku |
| Establishment | 2007[1] |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Adam Rahayaan |
| • Vice Mayor | Usman Tamnge |
| Area | |
| • Total | 254.39 km2 (98.22 sq mi) |
| Population (2020 Census)[2] | |
| • Total | 88,999 |
| • Density | 350/km2 (910/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+9 (Indonesia Eastern Time) |
| Area code | (+62) 916 |
| Vehicle registration | DE |
| HDI (2020) |  0.679 (Medium)[3]
|
| Website | tualkota.go.id |
Tual is a city in Maluku Province of Indonesia. The city, called Kota Tual in Indonesian, is within the Kei Islands, on Dullah Island, but since 2007 has been administratively separate from the rest of the Kei Islands, which form the Southeast Maluku Regency and comprise two principal islands (Kei Besar to the east and Kei Kecil to the west) together with over 190 smaller offshore islands.[4][5]
The city is on the same administrative level as the regency, and covers a land area of 254.39 km2 (98.22 sq mi), together with a sea area estimated at 19,088 km2 (7,370 sq mi). It consists of a partly urbanised island (Pulau Dullah) which is situated to the northeast of the much larger Kei Kecil, and includes a further number of small islands to the west of the principal Kei Kecil.[4]
History[]
The city was in one of the key maritime routes of the spice trade that extended from the Moluccas southwards towards the Lesser Sunda Islands and Java, which have had significant effects on the culture and people in the region.[1][6]
Inhabitants of the Kai Islands are believed to have migrated from the larger island of Seram. Local cultures were exposed to that of the Balinese in the 14th century, during the expansion of the Majapahit Empire.[7] After its collapse, however, the local elders known as Halaai formed a local set of government and laws (known as the Larwul Ngaal), which stood until European arrival to the archipelago. After the Dutch East India Company conquered the area sometime in the 17th century, the elders were replaced with "kings".[1][6]
During the Second World War, Japanese soldiers landed on the island and several Roman Catholic missionaries were executed. The area remained largely untouched by the insurgency in South Maluku during the 1960s. In 2007, the city (which includes a number of far-flung islands to the west of it) was administratively separated from the Southeast Maluku Regency.[1][6]
Infrastructure[]
There are 15 kindergartens, 64 elementary schools, 30 junior highschools, 14 senior highschools, and 6 vocational highschools both public and private.[8] In addition, there are three higher education institutions.[8] The city only has one hospital, but also supported by 2 clinics, 19 puskesmas, and one central pharmacy.[8] The only hospital in the city, Maren Hi Noho Renuat Regional Hospital is owned by city government and currenlty undergo an expansion, the construction is expected to finish on 2021.[9][10][11] There's also 18 family planning clinics as of 2019 in the city. There are exactly 100 mosques and 24 churches in the city.[8] There are seven hotels & homestays in the city, which varies one to another on it's facility.[8]
187,72 kilometers out of 353,59 kilometers of roads in the city is paved using asphalt.[8] Angkots exist in the city and it is the only available public transportation in the city. Other informal taxis and motorcycle taxis also exist, but online transportation services such as Grab and Gojek have not yet established presence in the city as of 2021.[12] There's no airport in the city, and the closest airport is Karel Sadsuitubun Airport and Dumatubin Airport which located around 10 minutes journey from the city.[12] The city also served by Pelni to connect it to other neighboring islands and regions.[12]
The city and neighbouring regions has access to 4G internet service, in addition of other basic telecommunication services such as telephone.[13][14] There are also some public Wi-Fi spots in the city, provided by government.[15] The only fiber optic connection provider in the city is IndiHome, which is state-owned under Telkom Indonesia.[16]
Demographics[]
Around 75% of city population are muslims, 25% are Christiants, 0.08% Hindu, and 0.01% Buddhist.[17] The city's life expectancy is 65.21.[18] There are more female in the city than male, consisting around 51.34% of the city population.[18]
Economy[]
The city produces 3,9 tons of galangal, 3,7 tons of turmeric, and 2,02 tons of ginger on 2019. This is a sharp decrease from previous year, in which the city produces 11 tons of galangal, 4,2 tons of turmeric, and 3,45 tons of ginger, suggesting a decline on agriculture sector and shift to industry & service sector.[8] Another agricultural commodities such as sweet potatoes and cassava also experienced decline on production; from 21 tons to 14 tons and 107 tons to 76 tons.[8] Another sector, fishery, contributes significantly to the city economy, which there were 30,638 tons of seafood products from the city on 2019; ranging from tuna to shrimp.[8][19] On industry sector, fish meal production is the main industry product of the city with investment value of more than $680,000.[8] There are 12 registered restaurants on the city, not counting informal restaurants and shops.[8] Unemployment rate was 9,3% as of 2019.[8]
As the city location is isolated and need logistics from sea, it is very prone to high inflation. Inflation rate on 2020 was 1,15% and was the highest inflation rate in Indonesia on that year[20]
Administrative Districts[]
The city as at 2010 was divided into four districts (kecamatan), but subsequently by 2018 a fifth district — Kur Selatan (South Kur) — had been created from part of Pulau-Pulau Kur District. These are tabulated below with their areas and their populations at the 2010 Census[21] and 2020 Census.[22] The table also includes the number of administrative villages (urban kelurahan and rural desa) in each district, and its post code.
| Name | Area in sq.km |
Population Census 2010 |
Population Census 2020 |
Number of villages |
Post code |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pulau-Pulau Kur (b) | 19.61 | 4,895 | 2,784 | 5 | 97615 |
| Kur Selatan (South Kur Islands) |
28.72 | (b) | 3,609 | 7 | 97614 |
| Tayando Tam (c) | 73.74 | 5,448 | 7,821 | 5 | 97613 |
| Pulau Dullah Utara (d) | 91.57 | 14,564 | 23,697 | 8 | 97612 |
| Pulau Dullah Selatan (e) | 40.75 | 33,175 | 51,088 | 5 | 97611 |
| Totals | 254.39 | 58,082 | 88,999 | 30 |
Notes:
(a) The northern part of the Kur Islands archipelago, which comprises 9 islands (including those now in Kur Selatan District); the 9 are Bui, Fadol, Kumer, Kur, Maliktutin, Mangur, Ngurtutin, Vatukannyasin and Woning. They are situated far to the west of the Kayando Tam group.
(b) the 2010 population of Kur Selatan District was included with the figure for Pulau-Pulau Kur, from which it was cut out.
(c) The Tayando Tam group comprises 27 islands (of which the largest are Pulau Tayando and Pulau Tam) situated to the west of Kei Kecil.
(d) comprises the northern half of Dullah Island, and 22 other islands.
(e) comprises the southern part of Dullah Island (including Tual town) and 7 other islands.
Climate[]
Tual has a tropical rainforest climate (Af) with moderate rainfall from July to October and heavy to very heavy rainfall from November to June.
| hideClimate data for Tual | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Average high °C (°F) | 30.2 (86.4) |
30.0 (86.0) |
30.4 (86.7) |
30.8 (87.4) |
30.7 (87.3) |
29.7 (85.5) |
29.2 (84.6) |
29.7 (85.5) |
30.7 (87.3) |
31.4 (88.5) |
31.7 (89.1) |
30.9 (87.6) |
30.4 (86.8) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 27.4 (81.3) |
27.3 (81.1) |
27.4 (81.3) |
27.6 (81.7) |
27.6 (81.7) |
26.8 (80.2) |
26.2 (79.2) |
26.4 (79.5) |
27.0 (80.6) |
27.7 (81.9) |
28.2 (82.8) |
27.8 (82.0) |
27.3 (81.1) |
| Average low °C (°F) | 24.6 (76.3) |
24.6 (76.3) |
24.5 (76.1) |
24.5 (76.1) |
24.5 (76.1) |
24.0 (75.2) |
23.2 (73.8) |
23.2 (73.8) |
23.4 (74.1) |
24.1 (75.4) |
24.7 (76.5) |
24.7 (76.5) |
24.2 (75.5) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 385 (15.2) |
337 (13.3) |
347 (13.7) |
275 (10.8) |
242 (9.5) |
162 (6.4) |
105 (4.1) |
73 (2.9) |
68 (2.7) |
77 (3.0) |
165 (6.5) |
324 (12.8) |
2,560 (100.9) |
| Source: Climate-Data.org[23] | |||||||||||||
References[]
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d Loupatty, Stenly R. "Sejarah Kota Tual" (PDF). Indonesian Ministry of Education.
- ^ "Kota Tual dalam Angka 2020". BPS Kota Tual. Indonesian Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved 10 April 2021.
- ^ "Badan Pusat Statistik".
- ^ Jump up to: a b "SIFATARU - Maluku". sifataru.atrbpn.go.id. Retrieved 2021-04-10.
- ^ VIVA, PT VIVA MEDIA BARU- (2018-01-30). "Inilah Tual, Surga Wisata Tersembunyi di Maluku Tenggara". www.viva.co.id (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2021-04-10.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c mezakwakim (2014-06-04). "Sejarah Kota Tual Maluku Tenggara". Balai Pelestarian Nilai Budaya Maluku (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2021-04-09.
- ^ Warfewubun, Jamain (2016). "ISLAMISASI DI TAYANDO KOTA TUAL MALUKU (POLA ADAPTASI RITUAL DAN PERKEMBANGAN KELEMBAGAAN ISLAM) Islamization in Tayando of Tual City Maluku (Pattern of Adaptation Ritual and Development Institutional Islamic)". Al-Tadabbur. 2 (1): 1–15. ISSN 2613-9145 Check
|issn=value (help). - ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l "Badan Pusat Statistik Kabupaten Maluku Tenggara". tualkota.bps.go.id. Retrieved 2021-04-10.
- ^ "RSUD Maren Hi Noho Renuat Rampung Tahun 2021". Retrieved 2021-04-10.
- ^ "Pemkot Tual Optimis Pembangunan RSUD Hi Noho Renuat Rampung Tahun 2021". Retrieved 2021-04-10.
- ^ "Informasi SDM Kesehatan Nasional". bppsdmk.kemkes.go.id. Retrieved 2021-04-10.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c "Infrastruktur Wilayah Kota Tual". www.dpmptsp-maluku.com. Retrieved 2021-04-10.
- ^ "Warga Desa Malra Nikmati Layanan Internet 4G". Kabartimurnews.com (in Indonesian). 2020-08-27. Retrieved 2021-04-10.
- ^ Maluku, Rakyat. "Telkomsel Perluas Jaringan di Wilayah Cluster Kepulauan Tual – Rakyat Maluku" (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2021-04-10.
- ^ "Wuih, Jaringan Wi-Fi Terpasang di Seluruh Maluku". Republika Online (in Indonesian). 2013-04-27. Retrieved 2021-04-10.
- ^ "IndiHome Kota Tual | Layanan Resmi Pasang IndiHome". Paket IndiHome Sedang Promo, Daftar IndiHome Sekarang!. 2020-04-21. Retrieved 2021-04-10.
- ^ "Peringatan". sp2010.bps.go.id. Retrieved 2021-04-18.
- ^ Jump up to: a b "Badan Pusat Statistik Kabupaten Maluku Tenggara". tualkota.bps.go.id. Retrieved 2021-04-18.
- ^ BeritaSatu.com. "Kehadiran Industri Perikanan Terpadu Dorong Perekonomian Kota Tual". beritasatu.com (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2021-04-10.
- ^ Liputan6.com (2020-12-01). "BPS Sebut 83 Kota Inflasi, Tertinggi di Tual Maluku". liputan6.com (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2021-04-10.
- ^ Biro Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2011.
- ^ Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2021.
- ^ "Climate: Tual". Climate-Data.org. Retrieved 23 November 2020.
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- Populated places in Maluku (province)