Tylocephale

Tylocephale; Temporal range: Late Campanian, 75–73 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N ↓
	Diagram of the holotype skull
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Clade:	Dinosauria
Order:	†Ornithischia
Suborder:	†Pachycephalosauria
Family:	†Pachycephalosauridae
Genus:	†Tylocephale; Maryańska & Osmólska, 1974
Species:	†T. gilmorei
Binomial name
	†Tylocephale gilmorei; Maryańska & Osmólska, 1974

Tylocephale (meaning "swollen head", from the Greek τυλη meaning 'callus' or 'hard swelling' and κεφαλη meaning 'head')^[1] is a genus of pachycephalosaurid dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous period. It was a herbivorous dinosaur estimated to have been about 2 m (6.6 ft) in length. It had the tallest dome of any known pachycephalosaur.^[2]^[3]

Size comparison

Tylocephale lived during the Campanian stage, around 74 million years ago. It was discovered in the Khulsan locality of the Barun Goyot Formation, Mongolia. The type species is T. gilmorei, described by Teresa Maryańska and Osmólska in 1974 based on a partial skull (specimen ZPAL MgD-I/105).^[1]

Pachycephalosaurids evolved in Asia and then migrated into North America, thus it is likely that Tylocephale migrated back into Asia. It is closely related to Prenocephale.^[4]

References[]

^ ^a ^b Maryańska, T.; Osmólska, H. (1974). "Pachycephalosauria, a new suborder of ornithischian dinosaurs" (PDF). Palaeontologica Polonica (30): 45−102.
^ Sullivan, R. M. (2006). "A taxonomic review of the Pachycephalosauridae (Dinosauria: Ornithischia)". New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin (35): 347–365.
^ Paul, G. S. (2016). The Princeton Field Guide to Dinosaurs (2nd ed.). Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press. p. 269. ISBN 9780691167664.
^ Dixon, Dougal (2007). The world encyclopedia of dinosaurs & prehistoric creatures (Hardback ed.). London: Lorenz. p. 357. ISBN 978-0754817307.