Visigothic art and architecture

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Chapel of São Frutuoso in Braga, Portugal

Church of San Juan Bautista in Baños de Cerrato, Spain

Visigoths remains in the of the cathedral of Palencia, Spain

Ruins of in Carranque, Spain

The Visigoths entered Hispania (modern Spain and Portugal) in 415 and they rose to be the dominant people there until the Umayyad conquest of Hispania of 711 brought their kingdom to an end.

This period in Iberian art is dominated by their style. Visigothic art is generally considered in the English-speaking world to be a strain of Migration art, while the Portuguese- and Spanish-speaking worlds generally classify it as Pre-Romanesque.

Branches of Visigothic art include their architecture, crafts (especially jewellery), and their script.

Visigothic architecture[]

The only remaining examples of Visigothic architecture from the 6th century are the church of San Cugat del Vallés in Barcelona, the hermitage and church of Santa Maria de Lara in Burgos, Saint Frutuoso Chapel in Braga, the church of São Gião in Nazaré and the few remnants of the church at in Cuenca. However, their style developed over the next centuries, though the prime remaining examples of it are mostly rural and often run-down. Some of the characteristics of their architecture are:

• Generally basilican in layout, sometimes a Greek cross plan or, more rarely, a combination of the two. The spaces are highly compartmentalised.
• Horseshoe arches without keystones.
• A rectangular, exterior apse.
• Use of columns and pillars with Corinthian capitals of unique design.
• Barrel vaults with cupolas at the crosses.
• Walls of ashlar blocks, occasionally alternating with Roman brickwork.
• Decoration commonly of animal or plant motifs.

Examples include:

• in the cathedral of Palencia, province of Palencia, Spain
• in Bande, province of Ourense, Spain
• in Ribadavia, province of Ourense, Spain
• Church of San Pedro de la Mata (in ruins) in Sonseca, province of Toledo, Spain
• Church of Santa María de Melque in San Martín de Montalbán, province of Toledo, Spain
• Suso monastery at San Millán de la Cogolla, La Rioja, Spain
• in Carranque, province of Toledo, Spain
• Hermitage of Santa María in , province of Burgos, Spain
• near Alcuéscarprovince of Cáceres, Spain
• Crypt of the Monastery of San Salvador de Leyre, Navarre
• (in ruins) in Fregenal de la Sierra, province of Badajoz, Spain
• Saint Frutuoso Chapel in Braga, Portugal
• Church of São Gião in Nazaré, Portugal

The Pre-Romanesque church of San Pedro de la Nave in San Pedro de la Nave-Almendra, province of Zamora, Spain was formerly regarded as an exemplar of Visigothic architecture, but current thinking as to the date of the building suggests that it is better described as Mozarabic or Repoblación. A similar redating has been suggested for the Church of San Juan Bautista in Baños de Cerrato, province of Palencia, Spain.^[1]

See also[]

• Treasure of Guarrazar
• Verona Orational
• Visigoths
• Goths

References[]

• "Visigothic art". In Encyclopædia Britannica Online.

External links[]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Visigothic art.

• Age of spirituality : late antique and early Christian art, third to seventh century from The Metropolitan Museum of Art
• El portal del Arte Románico; Visigothic, Mozarabic and Romanesque art in Spain.