Wes Anderson

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Wes Anderson
Wes Anderson-20140206-85.jpg
Wes Anderson at the 64th Berlin Film Festival (2014)
Born
Wesley Wales Anderson

(1969-05-01) May 1, 1969 (age 52)
Houston, Texas, U.S.
Alma materUniversity of Texas at Austin (BA)
Occupation
Years active1992–present
Partner(s)Juman Malouf (2010–present)
Children1
RelativesEric Chase Anderson (brother)

Wesley Wales Anderson (born May 1, 1969) is an American filmmaker. His films are known for their symmetry, eccentricity and distinctive visual and narrative styles,[1] and he is cited by some critics as a modern-day example of the auteur. Three of his films – The Royal Tenenbaums, Moonrise Kingdom, and The Grand Budapest Hotel – appeared in BBC Culture's 2016 poll of the greatest films since 2000.[2]

Anderson was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay for The Royal Tenenbaums (2001), Moonrise Kingdom (2012) and The Grand Budapest Hotel (2014), as well as the Academy Award for Best Animated Feature for the stop-motion films Fantastic Mr. Fox (2009) and Isle of Dogs (2018). With The Grand Budapest Hotel, he received his first Academy Award nominations for Best Director and Best Picture, and won the Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy and the BAFTA Award for Best Original Screenplay.[3] He currently runs the production company American Empirical Pictures, which he founded in 1998.[4] He won the Silver Bear for Best Director for Isle of Dogs in 2018.[5]

Early life[]

Wesley Wales Anderson was born on May 1, 1969, in Houston, Texas to Texas Ann Anderson (née Burroughs), a realtor and archaeologist,[6] and Melver Leonard Anderson, who worked in advertising and public relations.[7][8][9][10][11] He is the second of three boys; his parents divorced when he was eight.[11] His older brother, Mel, is a physician, and his younger brother, Eric Chase Anderson, is a writer and artist whose paintings and designs have appeared in several of Anderson's films, such as The Royal Tenenbaums.[12] Anderson is of English, Swedish and Norwegian ancestry.[13]

He graduated from St. John's School in Houston in 1987, which he later used as a prominent location throughout Rushmore.[14] As a child, Anderson made silent films on his father's Super 8 camera which starred his brothers and friends, although his first ambition was to be a writer.[11][12] Anderson worked part-time as a cinema projectionist while attending the University of Texas at Austin, where he met his roommate[15] and future collaborator Owen Wilson in 1989.[11][16] In 1991 he graduated with a B.A. in philosophy.[17][12]

Film career[]

1990s[]

Anderson's first film was Bottle Rocket (1996), based on a short film of the same name that he made with Luke and Owen Wilson. It was a crime caper about a group of young Texans aspiring to achieve major heists. It was well reviewed but performed poorly at the box office.[18][19][20]

His next film was Rushmore (1998), a quirky comedy about a high school student's crush on an elementary school teacher starring Jason Schwartzman, Bill Murray, and Olivia Williams. It was a critical and financial success.[21] The film launched Murray's second act as a respected actor within independent cinema. Murray has since appeared in every Anderson film to date. At the 1999 Independent Spirit Awards, Anderson won the Best Director award and Murray won Best Supporting Male. Murray also earned a nomination for Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actor – Motion Picture. In 2000, filmmaker Martin Scorsese praised Bottle Rocket and Rushmore.[22] Since its release, Rushmore has gained cult status, and in 2016, the film was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being deemed "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant".[23]

2000s[]

Anderson in 2005

Anderson's next comedy-drama, The Royal Tenenbaums, was released in 2001. The film focuses on a successful and artistic New York City family and its ostracized patriarch played by Gene Hackman. The film also starred Anjelica Huston as the ex-wife and Ben Stiller, Luke Wilson, and Gwyneth Paltrow as the children. The film was a box-office and critical success. It represented his greatest financial success until Moonrise Kingdom in 2012, earning more than $50 million in domestic box-office receipts. The Royal Tenenbaums was nominated for an Academy Award and ranked by an Empire poll as the 159th greatest film ever made.[24]

Anderson's next feature was The Life Aquatic with Steve Zissou (2004) about a Jacques Cousteau-esque documentary filmmaker played by Bill Murray. The film also starred Owen Wilson, Cate Blanchett, Willem Dafoe, Jeff Goldblum, Anjelica Huston, and Michael Gambon. The film serves as a classic example of Anderson's style, but its critical reception was less favorable than his previous films, and its box office did not match the heights of The Royal Tenenbaums.[25] In September 2006, Steely Dan's Walter Becker and Donald Fagen released a tongue-in-cheek "letter of intervention" for Anderson's artistic "malaise" following the disappointing commercial and critical reception of The Life Aquatic with Steve Zissou, proclaiming themselves to be fans of World Cinema and of Anderson in particular. They offered Anderson their soundtrack services for The Darjeeling Limited, including lyrics for a title track.[26]

The Darjeeling Limited (2007) was about three emotionally distant brothers traveling together on a train in India. It reflected the more dramatic tone of The Royal Tenenbaums but faced criticisms similar to The Life Aquatic with Steve Zissou. Anderson has acknowledged that he went to India to film the movie partly as a tribute to Indian filmmaker Satyajit Ray, whose "films have also inspired all my other movies in different ways" (the film is dedicated to him).[27] The film starred Anderson staples Jason Schwartzman and Owen Wilson in addition to Adrien Brody, and the script was co-written by Anderson, Schwartzman, and Roman Coppola.[28]

Anderson has also made several notable short films. In addition to the original Bottle Rocket short, he made the Paris-set Hotel Chevalier (2007), which was created as a prologue to The Darjeeling Limited and starred Jason Schwartzman alongside Natalie Portman, and the Italy-set Castello Cavalcanti (2013),[29] which was produced by Prada and starred Jason Schwartzman as an unsuccessful race-car driver. Additionally, he has directed a number of television commercials for companies such as Stella Artois and Prada, including an elaborate American Express ad, in which he starred as himself.[30] Anderson wrote a script for for an English-language remake of Patrice Leconte's My Best Friend. In 2010 he said that he did not plan to direct the film, tentatively called The Rosenthaler Suite.[31]

In 2009, Anderson's stop-motion-animated film adaptation based on the Roald Dahl book Fantastic Mr Fox was released. The film featured George Clooney, Meryl Streep, Owen Wilson, Bill Murray, Willem Dafoe, Jason Schwartzman, Adrien Brody, and Michael Gambon. The film was highly praised among critics and nominated for the Academy Award for Best Animated Feature, although it barely made back its production budget.

2010s[]

Anderson, Koyu Rankin, Liev Schreiber, Jeff Goldblum, Kunichi Nomura, and panel moderator Anatol Weber at the Isle of Dogs press conference at Berlinale 2018.

In 2012, Anderson's film Moonrise Kingdom was released, debuting at the Cannes Film Festival, where it competed in competition for the Palme d'Or.[32] The film is a coming-of-age comedy set in a fictional New England town about two children who run away together and are followed by their families, and their small town community. The two children are played by newcomers Kara Hayward and Jared Gilman. The film also includes performances in its ensemble from Bill Murray, Edward Norton, Bruce Willis, Frances McDormand, and Tilda Swinton. The film was emblematic of Anderson's style and earned Anderson another Academy Award nomination for his screenplay. The film was also a financial success, earning $68.3 million at the box office against a budget of only $16 million.

In 2014, Anderson's next film, The Grand Budapest Hotel, was released and starred Ralph Fiennes, Tony Revolori, Saoirse Ronan, Jeff Goldblum, Willem Dafoe, F. Murray Abraham, as well as several of his regular collaborators, including Bill Murray, Owen Wilson, and Jason Schwartzman.[33] It is mostly set in the 1930s and follows the adventures of M. Gustave, the hotel's concierge, making "a marvelous mockery of history, turning its horrors into a series of graceful jokes and mischievous gestures," according to The New York Times.[34] The film represented one of Anderson's greatest critical and commercial successes, grossing nearly $175 million worldwide and earning dozens of award nominations, including nine Oscar nominations with four wins for Best Production Design, Best Costume Design, Best Makeup, and Best Original Score.[35] These nominations also included his first for Best Director.

Anderson returned to stop-motion animation with Isle of Dogs.[36] Production on the film started in the United Kingdom in October 2016, and it was released in select theaters on March 23, 2018, and wide on April 6, 2018.[37][38][39] The film received Academy Award nominations for Best Animated Feature and Best Original Score.[40]

2020s[]

Anderson's next film, The French Dispatch, will be set in post-war France and stars Benicio Del Toro, Bill Murray, Frances McDormand, Owen Wilson, Willem Dafoe, Adrien Brody, and Timothée Chalamet. It was previously scheduled to be released in July 2020, before being delayed due to the COVID-19 pandemic to October 2020, before being pulled from the schedule. Following a delay, The French Dispatch had its world premiere at the Cannes Film Festival on July 12, 2021. It is scheduled to be theatrically released in the United States by Searchlight Pictures on October 22, 2021.[41]

Anderson is already preparing another film, but very few details have transpired to the press. In May 2021 it was announced that it will be filmed in the Spanish city of Chinchón, where a huge diorama set reproducing Monument Valley is under construction.[42][43]

Directing techniques[]

Anderson's cinematic influences include François Truffaut, Louis Malle, Pedro Almodóvar,[44] Satyajit Ray,[45] John Huston, Mike Nichols, Hal Ashby,[46] Stanley Kubrick, Woody Allen, Martin Scorsese, Orson Welles, and Roman Polanski.[47] Anderson has a unique directorial style that has led several critics to consider him an auteur.[48][49][50][51] Wes Anderson is considered a central figure in the American Eccentric Cinema tradition.[52]

Themes and stories[]

Anderson has chosen to direct mostly fast-paced comedies marked by more serious or melancholic elements, with themes often centered on grief, loss of innocence, dysfunctional families, parental abandonment, adultery, sibling rivalry and unlikely friendships. His movies have been noted for being unusually character-driven, and by turns both derided and praised with terms like "literary geek chic".[53][54] The plots of his movies often feature thefts and unexpected disappearances, with a tendency to borrow liberally from the caper genre.[55]

Visual style[]

Anderson has been noted for extensive use of flat space camera moves, symmetrical compositions, knolling, snap-zooms, slow-motion walking shots, a deliberately limited color palette, and hand-made art direction often utilizing miniatures.[56] These stylistic choices give his movies a highly distinctive quality that has provoked much discussion, critical study, supercuts, mash-ups, and even parody. Many writers, critics, and even Anderson himself, have commented that this gives his movies the feel of being "self-contained worlds," or a "scale model household".[57] According to Jesse Fox Mayshark, his films have "a baroque pop bent that is not realist, surrealist or magic realist," but rather might be described as "fabul[ist]".[58] In 2019, the company Murals Wallpaper from the UK launched a line of wallpapers inspired by the visual design of Anderson's films.[59]

From The Life Aquatic with Steve Zissou on, Anderson has relied more heavily on stop motion animation and miniatures, even making entire features with stop motion animation with Fantastic Mr. Fox and Isle of Dogs.[60]

Soundtracks[]

Anderson frequently uses pop music from the 1960s and '70s on the soundtracks of his films, and one band or musician tends to dominate each soundtrack. Rushmore prominently featured Cat Stevens and British Invasion groups; The Royal Tenenbaums featured Nico; The Life Aquatic with Steve Zissou, David Bowie, including both originals and covers performed by Seu Jorge; The Darjeeling Limited and Rushmore, the Kinks; Fantastic Mr. Fox, the Beach Boys; and Moonrise Kingdom, Hank Williams. (Much of Moonrise Kingdom is filled with the music of Benjamin Britten, which is tied to a number of major plot points for that film.)[61] The Darjeeling Limited also borrowed music styles from Satyajit Ray's films. The Grand Budapest Hotel, which is mostly set in the 1930s, is notable for being the first Anderson film to eschew using any pop music, and instead used original music composed by Alexandre Desplat. Its soundtrack won Desplat the Academy Award for Best Original Score, the BAFTA Award for Best Film Music, and World Soundtrack Award for Best Original Score of the Year. The soundtracks for his films have often brought renewed attention to the artists featured, most prominently in the case of "These Days", which was used in The Royal Tenenbaums.[62]

Personal life[]

Anderson is in a relationship with Lebanese writer, costume designer, and voice actress Juman Malouf.[63][64] Malouf gave birth to the couple's daughter, Freya, in 2016. She is named after a character from the film The Mortal Storm.[65][66][67]

Anderson lives in Paris but has spent the majority of his adult life in New York.[68][69][70] He is the brother of artist Eric Chase Anderson, who illustrated the Criterion Collection releases of some of Anderson's films (Rushmore, The Royal Tenenbaums, The Life Aquatic with Steve Zissou and The Darjeeling Limited) and provided the voice of Kristofferson Silverfox in Fantastic Mr. Fox.[71]

Filmography[]

Main article: Wes Anderson filmography
Directed features
Year Title Distributor
1996 Bottle Rocket Sony Pictures Releasing
1998 Rushmore Buena Vista Pictures
2001 The Royal Tenenbaums
2004 The Life Aquatic with Steve Zissou
2007 The Darjeeling Limited Fox Searchlight Pictures
2009 Fantastic Mr. Fox 20th Century Fox
2012 Moonrise Kingdom Focus Features
2014 The Grand Budapest Hotel Fox Searchlight Pictures
2018 Isle of Dogs
2021 The French Dispatch Searchlight Pictures
TBA Untitled film TBA

Awards and nominations[]

Main article: Wes Anderson awards and nominations
Year Film Academy Awards BAFTA Awards Golden Globe Awards
Nominations Wins Nominations Wins Nominations Wins
2001 The Royal Tenenbaums 1 1 1 1
2009 Fantastic Mr. Fox 2 2 1
2012 Moonrise Kingdom 1 1 1
2014 The Grand Budapest Hotel 9 4 11 5 4 1
2018 Isle of Dogs 2 2 2
Total 15 4 17 5 9 2

In popular culture[]

  • In 2013, Saturday Night Live did a parody of Wes Anderson's take on a horror film with a film trailer for the fictional, The Midnight Coterie of Sinister Intruders. The trailer starred Edward Norton as Owen Wilson, Noel Wells as Gwyneth Paltrow, Kate McKinnon as Tilda Swinton, and Alec Baldwin as the narrator.[72]
  • A package in the popular programming language R was named after Wes Anderson.[73] It features several palettes derived from the Tumblr blog "Wes Anderson Palettes",[74] which creates appealing color palettes inspired by frames of Anderson's movies.
  • A new book titled, Accidentally Wes Anderson, based on the popular Instagram account, was published in October 2020. The book features photographs of locations, and people in the signature style of Wes Anderson's films.[75]

Recurring collaborators[]

Anderson's films feature many recurring actors, including the Wilson brothers (Owen, Luke, and Andrew), Bill Murray, Jason Schwartzman, Anjelica Huston, Wallace Wolodarsky, Willem Dafoe, Frances McDormand, Edward Norton, Kumar Pallana, Bob Balaban, Adrien Brody and Tilda Swinton.[76] [77]Robert Yeoman has served as director of photography for all of Anderson's live-action films, while Mark Mothersbaugh composed Anderson's first four films, with Alexandre Desplat taking over for every film since Fantastic Mr. Fox.[78] Randall Poster has served as music supervisor for all of Anderson's films since Rushmore.

Frequent actor collaborations (3 or more films)
Work
Actor
Bottle Rocket Rushmore The Royal Tenenbaums The Life Aquatic with Steve Zissou The Darjeeling Limited Fantastic Mr. Fox Moonrise Kingdom The Grand Budapest Hotel Isle of Dogs The French Dispatch Untitled film (TBA)[79]
Waris Ahluwalia Yes Yes Yes
Bob Balaban Yes Yes Yes Yes
Adrien Brody Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Seymour Cassel Yes Yes Yes
Willem Dafoe Yes Yes Yes Yes
Jeff Goldblum Yes Yes Yes
Anjelica Huston Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Harvey Keitel Yes Yes Yes
Frances McDormand Yes Yes Yes
Bill Murray Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Edward Norton Yes Yes Yes Yes
Kumar Pallana Yes Yes Yes Yes
Liev Schreiber Yes Yes Yes
Jason Schwartzman Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Tilda Swinton Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Andrew Wilson Yes Yes Yes
Luke Wilson Yes Yes Yes
Owen Wilson Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Wally Wolodarsky Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

Further reading[]

  • "Special Issue: Wes Anderson, Austin Auteur". Texas Studies in Literature and Language. 60 (2). 2018. ISSN 1534-7303.
  • Seitz, Matt Zoller (2013). The Wes Anderson Collection. New York, New York: Harry N. Abrams. ISBN 978-0-8109-9741-7.
  • Browning, Mark (2011). Wes Anderson: why his movies matter. Santa Barbara, Calif: Praeger. ISBN 978-1-59884-352-1.
  • "Special Issue: Wes Anderson & Co". New Review of Film and Television Studies. 10 (1). 2012. ISSN 1740-0309.
  • MacDowell, James (2010). "Notes on Quirky" (PDF). Movie: A Journal of Film Criticism. Warwick University (1).
  • Kunze, Peter C., ed. (2014). The films of Wes Anderson: Critical essays on an Indiewood icon. New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-1-349-48692-2.CS1 maint: extra text: authors list (link)

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Bibliography
  • Browning, Mark (2011). Wes Anderson: why his movies matter. Santa Barbara, Calif: Praeger. ISBN 978-1-59884-352-1.
  • "Special Issue: Wes Anderson & Co". New Review of Film and Television Studies. 10 (1). 2012. ISSN 1740-0309.
  • Seitz, Matt Zoller (2013). The Wes Anderson Collection. New York, New York: Harry N. Abrams. ISBN 978-0-8109-9741-7.

External links[]

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