Wind power in Turkey
Wind power in Turkey is gradually expanding in capacity, mainly in the Aegean and Marmara regions. 20 TWh was generated in 2018[1] which was 7% of Turkey's electricity. By the end of 2018 Turkey had about 7 GW of installed capacity, with a techno-economic potential estimated at 38 GW onshore and 10 GW offshore.[2] The Energy Ministry plans to have another 10GW installed in the 2020s.[3]
History[]
The first wind farm was built in Izmir in 1998.[4]
19 MW of wind power was installed by 2006, almost 140 MW by 2007, then 1,265 MW at the end of 2010 and 1,645 MW by 2011.
Current and planned capacity[]
As of 2018 total installed capacity was 7 GW and 20 TWh of electricity was generated that year. It is forecast to reach 8 GW during 2019[5] and the Energy Ministry and Energy Market Regulatory Authority (Turkish: Enerji Piyasası Denetleme Kurulu, EPDK) plan to have another 10GW installed in the 2020s.[3]
Offshore wind[]
There is collaboration with Denmark to plan offshore wind power,[6] and the Black Sea is a possible location.[7]
Project YEKA[]
In 2017, the Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources launched a US$ 1 billion wind power investment project, and issued a request for tender. The project, titled YEKA (Turkish: Yenilenebilir Enerji Kaynak Alanları or Renewable Energy Resource Areas), was for wind farms in five different regions in the country with a total power capacity of 1 GW and at least 3 TWh energy generated annually,[8] an extra 1% of electricity in Turkey.
The German-Turkish consortium of Siemens-Türkerler-Kalyon bid lowest at 34.8 US$ per MWh. The consortium will carry out research and development, for ten years, on wind turbine blades, generator design, material technologies and production techniques, software and innovative gearboxes. The R&D activities will be performed by fifty technical personnel consisting of 80% domestic engineers, with a budget of US$ 5 million per year.[8]
In 2019 the second 1GW tender was won for 4 equal capacity projects in Balıkesir, Çanakkale, Aydın and Muğla. [9]
Economics and Finance[]
In 2019 the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development invested 100 million USD in wind and solar power in Turkey.[10] As of 2020 auction prices were around US$ 40 per MWh.[11] Nacelles are manufactured locally by Siemens.[12]
Statistics[]
As of 2020 installed capacity was 9,305 MW compared to 51 MW in 2006.
Year | GWh | % |
---|---|---|
1998 | 6 |
0.0050
|
1999 | 21 |
0.02
|
2000 | 33 |
0.03
|
2001 | 62 |
0.05
|
2002 | 48 |
0.04
|
2003 | 61 |
0.04
|
2004 | 58 |
0.04
|
2005 | 59 |
0.04
|
2006 | 127 |
0.07
|
2007 | 355 |
0.19
|
2008 | 847 |
0.43
|
2009 | 1,495 |
0.77
|
2010 | 2,916 |
1.39
|
2011 | 4,724 |
2.05
|
2012 | 5,861 |
2.42
|
2013 | 7,558 |
3.04
|
2014 | 8,367 |
3.25
|
2015 | 11,652 |
4.39
|
2016 | 15,370 |
5.59
|
2017 | 17,716 |
6.10
|
2018 | 19,949 |
6.54
|
2019 | 21,512 |
7.4
|
2020 | 24,487 |
8.4
|
See also[]
- List of wind farms in Turkey
- Wind farms in Turkey
- Renewable energy in Turkey
- Solar power in Turkey
- Geothermal power in Turkey
- Biofuel in Turkey
- Hydroelectricity in Turkey
- Renewable energy by country
References[]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Wind power in Turkey. |
- ^ "Wind". Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources (Turkey). Retrieved 19 February 2019.
- ^ "Turkish wind market grows 7 percent in 2018". Yeni Şafaf. 18 February 2019.
- ^ Jump up to: a b "Opportunities to strengthen the YEKA auction model for enhancing the regulatory framework of Turkey's power system transformation" (PDF). Retrieved 19 February 2019.
- ^ Jump up to: a b "Rüzgar Enerji Santralleri" (in Turkish). Enerji Atlası. Retrieved 2017-08-04.
- ^ "Turkey's wind energy capacity to reach 8 GW in 2019". Daily Sabah. 4 January 2019.
- ^ Renewables 2020 Global Status Report. REN21 (Report). p. 141. ISBN 978-3-948393-00-7.
- ^ Akdağ, Ozan; Yeroglu, Celaleddin (2020). "An evaluation of an offshore energy installation for the Black Sea region of Turkey and the effects on a regional decrease in greenhouse gas emissions". Greenhouse Gases: Science and Technology. 10 (3): 531–544. doi:10.1002/ghg.1963. ISSN 2152-3878.
- ^ Jump up to: a b "YEKA ihalesi sonuçlandı! İşte kazanan grup". Hürriyet (in Turkish). 2017-08-03. Retrieved 2017-08-04.
- ^ "Enercon, Enerjisa win 1-GW onshore wind tender in Turkey". Renewablesnow.com. Retrieved 2019-05-31.
- ^ "EBRD invests USD 100 million in renewable arm of Turkey's IC Holding". May 9, 2019.
- ^ "Sabancı Holding investing USD 450 million in wind farms in Turkey". Balkan Green Energy News. 2020-12-23. Retrieved 2021-01-07.
- ^ Renewables 2020 Global Status Report. REN21 (Report). p. 140. ISBN 978-3-948393-00-7.
- ^ "TÜRKİYE ELEKTRİK ENERJİSİ İSTATİSTİKLER" (in Turkish). Elektrik Mühendisleri Odası. Retrieved 2018-08-06.
- Wind power in Turkey