1982 Turkish constitutional referendum

Constitutional history of Turkey
First Ottoman Parliament
Constitutional documents
Charter of Alliance Edict of Gülhane Edict of 1856
Constitutions
1876 First Constitutional Era Second Constitutional Era 1921 1924 1961 1982
Referendums
1961 1982 1987 1988 2007 2010 2017
Constitutional Court

A constitutional referendum was held in Turkey on 7 November 1982. The new constitution was approved by 91.4% of voters, with a 91.3% turnout.^[1]

Background[]

In 1980 the Grand National Assembly was scheduled to elect a new President to replace Fahri Korutürk. However, the parties were unable to agree on a candidate, and on 12 September 1980, the Turkish Armed Forces led by Kenan Evren staged a coup d'état, dissolved the Grand National Assembly and started ruling the country through the National Security Council.

The NSC set up a Consultative Assembly and appointed all 160 members. Political parties were shut down, and those who had been members of parties were excluded from the Assembly.^[2] It worked from 23 November 1981 and 17 July 1982 to draw up the new constitution,^[3] which would replace the 1961 document.

New constitution[]

One of the transitional provisions of the constitution named Evren as President until 1989.^[4] The constitution also banned civil society organisations from political activity, whilst political parties were banned from working with civil society organisations, including trade unions.^[2] The Army was given a majority in the National Security Council, which was also deemed to be superior to the cabinet.^[2]

Evren claimed the new constitution had liberties "luxurious" for Turkey.^[5]

Results[]

Referendum results

Choice	Votes	%
Yes	17,215,559	91.4
No	1,626,431	8.6
Valid votes	18,841,990	99.8
Invalid or blank votes	43,498	0.2
Total votes	18,885,488	100.00
Registered voters and turnout	20,690,914	91.3
Source: Nohlen et al

References[]