26th New Zealand Parliament
26th Parliament of New Zealand | |||||||||||
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Overview | |||||||||||
Legislative body | New Zealand Parliament | ||||||||||
Term | 27 June 1939 – 26 August 1943 | ||||||||||
Election | 1938 New Zealand general election | ||||||||||
Government | First Labour Government | ||||||||||
House of Representatives | |||||||||||
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Members | 80 | ||||||||||
Speaker of the House | Bill Barnard | ||||||||||
Prime Minister | Peter Fraser from 1 April 1940 — Michael Joseph Savage until 27 March 1940 † | ||||||||||
Leader of the Opposition | Sidney Holland — Adam Hamilton until 26 November 1940 | ||||||||||
Legislative Council | |||||||||||
Speaker of the Council | Mark Fagan — Sir Walter Carncross until 18 July 1939 | ||||||||||
Leader of the Council | David Wilson | ||||||||||
Sovereign | |||||||||||
Members | 34 (at start) 36 (at end) | ||||||||||
Monarch | HM George VI | ||||||||||
Governor-General | HE Rt. Hon. Sir Cyrill Newall from 22 February 1941 — HE Rt. Hon. The Viscount Galway until 3 February 1941 | ||||||||||
Sessions | |||||||||||
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The 26th New Zealand Parliament was a term of the New Zealand Parliament. It was elected at the 1938 general election in October of that year.
1938 general election[]
The 1938 general election was held on Friday, 14 October in the Māori electorates and on Saturday, 15 October in the general electorates, respectively.[1] A total of 80 MPs were elected; 48 represented North Island electorates, 28 represented South Island electorates, and the remaining four represented Māori electorates.[2] 995,173 voters were enrolled and the official turnout at the election was 92.9%.[1]
Sessions[]
The 26th Parliament sat for an unusual five sessions by omitting the 1941 general election, and was prorogued on 30 August 1943.[3] A 1941 act extended the life of parliament to 1 November 1942,[4] and a 1942 act allowed extension to "one year from the termination of the present war",[5] although a general election was held in 1943.
Session | Opened | Adjourned |
---|---|---|
first | 27 June 1939 | 6 October 1939 |
second | 30 May 1940 | 6 December 1940 |
third | 12 March 1941 | 17 October 1941 |
fourth | 11 December 1941 | 12 December 1942 |
fifth | 24 February 1943 | 26 August 1943 |
Ministries[]
The Labour Party had been in power since December 1935, and Michael Joseph Savage led the Savage Ministry.[6] The opposition had consisted of the United Party and the Reform Party, which merged in 1936 during the term of the 25th Parliament to form the National Party. The First Labour Government was confirmed at the 1938 general election with an increased majority, and the Savage Ministry remained until Savage's death on 27 March 1940.[7]
Savage was succeeded as Prime Minister by Peter Fraser, who formed the Fraser Ministry on 1 April 1940. The first Fraser Ministry resigned on 30 April 1940 and was reappointed, with some portfolios adjusted.[8] The second Fraser Ministry remained in power until its defeat by the National Party at the 1949 election.[9][10]
A War Cabinet was formed on 16 July 1940, which held the responsibility for all decisions relating to New Zealand's involvement in World War II. The War Cabinet was dissolved on 21 August 1945.[11] For some months in 1942, a War Administration was in place. Formed on 30 June and dissolved on 2 October, the War Administration had responsibility for all war matters, with the War Cabinet as its executive body.[11]
Party standings[]
Start of Parliament[]
Party | Leader(s) | Seats at start | |
Labour Party | Michael Joseph Savage | 53 | |
National Party | Adam Hamilton | 25 | |
Independents | 2 |
End of Parliament[]
Party | Leader(s) | Seats at start | |
Labour Party | Peter Fraser | 50 | |
National Party | Sidney Holland | 25 | |
Democratic Labour | John A. Lee | 2 | |
Independents | 3 |
Initial composition of the 26th Parliament[]
![New Zealand Electorates 1938.png](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/60/New_Zealand_Electorates_1938.png)
The following table shows the initial composition of the 26th Parliament:
The following table shows the detailed results:
Key
Labour National Country Party Independent Independent Liberal
Electorate | Incumbent | Winner | Majority | Runner up | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
General electorates | |||||||
Auckland Central | Bill Parry | 6,181 | Clifford Reid Dodd[15] | ||||
Auckland East | Bill Schramm | 2,626 | Harry Tom Merritt[16][17] | ||||
Auckland Suburbs | Rex Mason | 4,862 | Maxwell Stuart Walker[18] | ||||
Auckland West | Michael Joseph Savage | 8,007 | John W. Kealy[19] | ||||
Avon | Dan Sullivan | 6,179 | Hiram Hunter | ||||
Awarua | James Hargest | 660 | Joseph Albert Beck[20] | ||||
Bay of Islands | Harold Rushworth | Charles Boswell | 163 | Harold Fisher Guy[21] | |||
Bay of Plenty | Gordon Hultquist | 169 | Bill Sullivan | ||||
Buller | Paddy Webb | 6,144 | Terrence Maddison | ||||
Central Otago | William Bodkin | 1,231 | James McIndoe Mackay[22] | ||||
Christchurch East | Tim Armstrong | 7,179 | Ken Armour | ||||
Christchurch North | Sidney Holland | 492 | Robert Macfarlane | ||||
Christchurch South | Ted Howard | 5,995 | Gladstone Ward[23] | ||||
Clutha | James Roy | 714 | Herbert Kerr Edie | ||||
Dunedin Central | Peter Neilson | 3,814 | William John Meade | ||||
Dunedin North | Jim Munro | 3,557 | [24][25][26][27] | ||||
Dunedin South | Fred Jones | 4,314 | Rev. Ernest Aderman | ||||
Dunedin West | Dr Gervan McMillan | 2,639 | Stuart Sidey[28] | ||||
Eden | Bill Anderton | 2,333 | Donald Pool[29] | ||||
Egmont | Charles Wilkinson | 1,402 | Thomas Trask | ||||
Franklin | Arthur Sexton | Jack Massey | 2,057 | Ernest Piggott[21] | |||
Gisborne | David Coleman | 3,640 | Kenneth Jones | ||||
Grey Lynn | John A. Lee | 8,607 | Joseph Alexander Govan[16] | ||||
Hamilton | Charles Barrell | 1,860 | Albert William Grant[30][21] | ||||
Hauraki | Charles Robert Petrie | John Manchester Allen | 1,188 | Robert Coulter | |||
Hawkes Bay | Ted Cullen | 2,658 | [31][32] | ||||
Hurunui | George Forbes | 535 | Harold Denton | ||||
Hutt | Walter Nash | 6,814 | John Andrews[33] | ||||
Invercargill | William Denham | 2,156 | Fred Hall-Jones[28] | ||||
Kaiapoi | Morgan Williams | 1,535 | George Warren | ||||
Kaipara | Gordon Coates | 1,689 | Percy MacGregor Stewart[21] | ||||
Lyttelton | Terry McCombs | 2,984 | Isaac Wilson[34] | ||||
Manawatu | Lorrie Hunter | John Cobbe | 1,644 | Lorrie Hunter | |||
Marlborough | New electorate | Ted Meachen | 1,525 | Edward Healy | |||
Marsden | Jim Barclay | 557 | Alfred Murdoch | ||||
Masterton | John Robertson | 190 | Jack Irving | ||||
Mataura | David McDougall | Tom Macdonald | 1,515 | David McDougall | |||
Mid-Canterbury | Horace Herring | Arthur Grigg | 74 | Horace Herring | |||
Motueka | Keith Holyoake | Jerry Skinner | 870 | Keith Holyoake | |||
Napier | Bill Barnard | 3,937 | John Ormond[35] | ||||
Nelson | Harry Atmore | 886 | John Robert Kerr | ||||
New Plymouth | Sydney George Smith | Fred Frost | 869 | Sydney George Smith | |||
Oamaru | Arnold Nordmeyer | 758 | Michael Francis Edward Cooney[36] | ||||
Onehunga | New electorate | Arthur Osborne | 4,314 | John Park[37][38] | |||
Otahuhu | New electorate | Charles Robert Petrie | 2,267 | Kenneth Tennent[39] | |||
Otaki | Leonard Lowry | 1,367 | George Alexander Monk[40] | ||||
Pahiatua | Alfred Ransom | 931 | George Anders Hansen[41] | ||||
Palmerston North | Joe Hodgens | 2,118 | Jimmy Nash[42] | ||||
Patea | Harold Dickie | 809 | Charles Joseph Duggan[43][44] | ||||
Raglan | Lee Martin | 604 | Andrew Sutherland[45] | ||||
Rangitikei | Ormond Wilson | Edward Gordon | 311 | Ormond Wilson | |||
Remuera | New electorate | Bill Endean | 2,861 | Mary Dreaver[46] | |||
Riccarton | Bert Kyle | 87 | Thomas Herbert Langford[47] | ||||
Roskill | Arthur Shapton Richards | 2,141 | Arthur Sagar Bailey[18] | ||||
Rotorua | Alexander Moncur | 1,648 | Henry William Nixon[48] | ||||
Stratford | William Polson | 1,101 | James Watson McMillan | ||||
Tauranga | Charles Burnett | Frederick Doidge | 1,138 | Charles Burnett | |||
Temuka | Thomas Burnett | 1,249 | James Arnold Kearton | ||||
Thames | Jim Thorn | 2,295 | William Alexander Clark | ||||
Timaru | Clyde Carr | 2,196 | W H Hall | ||||
Waikato | Robert Coulter | Stan Goosman | 2,928 | J W Neate | |||
Waimarino | Frank Langstone | 2,940 | Cecil Boles | ||||
Waipawa | Max Christie | Albert Jull | 446 | Max Christie | |||
Wairarapa | Ben Roberts | 777 | James Frederick Thompson[49] | ||||
Waitaki | David Barnes | David Campbell Kidd | 14 | David Barnes | |||
Waitemata | Jack Lyon | 2,261 | John Ernest Close[18] | ||||
Waitomo | Walter Broadfoot | 329 | Jack Jones[50] | ||||
Wallace | Adam Hamilton | 844 | John James Lynch | ||||
Wanganui | Joe Cotterill | 3,920 | Henry Charles Veitch | ||||
Wellington Central | Peter Fraser | 3,837 | Will Appleton[51] | ||||
Wellington East | Bob Semple | 4,736 | William Long Barker[52] | ||||
Wellington North | Charles Chapman | 3,278 | Elizabeth Gilmer[53] | ||||
Wellington South | Robert McKeen | 6,415 | David Howlett[54] | ||||
Wellington Suburbs | Robert Wright | Harry Combs | 3,163 | Ossie Mazengarb | |||
Wellington West | New electorate | Catherine Stewart | 956 | Robert Wright | |||
Westland | James O'Brien | 3,729 | Ted Taylor | ||||
Māori electorates | |||||||
Eastern Maori | Āpirana Ngata | 1,064 | Rēweti Kōhere | ||||
Northern Maori | Taurekareka Henare | Paraire Karaka Paikea | 2,011 | Taurekareka Henare | |||
Southern Maori | Eruera Tirikatene | 485 | Thomas Kaiporohu Bragg | ||||
Western Maori | Toko Ratana | 4,267 | Pei Te Hurinui Jones |
Changes[]
There were a number of changes during the term of the 26th Parliament.
Electorate and by-election | Date | Incumbent | Cause | Winner | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Christchurch South | 1939 | 3 June | Ted Howard | Death | Robert Macfarlane | ||
Auckland West | 1940 | 18 May | Michael Joseph Savage | Death | Peter Carr | ||
Waipawa | 1940 | 16 November | Albert Jull | Death | Cyril Harker | ||
Waitemata | 1941 | 19 July | Jack Lyon | Death | Mary Dreaver | ||
Bay of Plenty | 1941 | 13 December | Gordon Hultquist | Death | Bill Sullivan | ||
Mid-Canterbury | 1942 | 27 January | Arthur Grigg | Death | Mary Grigg | ||
Hauraki | 1942 | 7 February | John Allen | Death | Andrew Sutherland | ||
Temuka | 1942 | 7 February | Thomas Burnett | Death | Jack Acland | ||
Christchurch East | 1943 | 6 February | Tim Armstrong | Death | Mabel Howard | ||
Northern Maori | 1943 | 19 June | Paraire Karaka Paikea | Death | (by-election postponed by legislation)[55] |
Name | Year | Seat | From | To | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
John A. Lee | 1940 | Grey Lynn | Labour | Democratic Labour | ||
Bill Barnard | Napier | |||||
Gordon Coates | 1942 | Kaipara | National | Independent | ||
Bert Kyle | Riccarton |
Notes[]
- ^ a b "General elections 1853–2005 - dates & turnout". Elections New Zealand. Archived from the original on 27 May 2010. Retrieved 10 December 2011.
- ^ Scholefield 1950, p. 90.
- ^ Scholefield 1950, p. 70.
- ^ "Prolongation of Parliament Act, 1941". New Zealand Law online.
- ^ "Prolongation of Parliament Act, 1942". New Zealand Law online.
- ^ Scholefield 1950, p. 48.
- ^ Gustafson, Barry. "Savage, Michael Joseph - Biography". Dictionary of New Zealand Biography. Ministry for Culture and Heritage. Retrieved 11 December 2011.
- ^ Scholefield 1950, p. 50.
- ^ Beaglehole, Tim. "Fraser, Peter". Dictionary of New Zealand Biography. Ministry for Culture and Heritage. Retrieved 11 December 2011.
- ^ Scholefield 1950, pp. 50–51.
- ^ a b Scholefield 1950, p. 52.
- ^ "1890–1993 general elections | Elections". elections.nz. Retrieved 29 April 2021.
- ^ "The General Election, 1938". National Library. 1939. pp. 1–6. Retrieved 8 February 2012.
- ^ "Candidates for tomorrow's election". Evening Post. Vol. CXXVI, no. 91. 14 October 1938. p. 18. Retrieved 3 August 2013.
- ^ "Notice of Nominations Received and Polling Places Appointed". Auckland Star. Vol. LXVI, no. 268. 12 November 1935. p. 9. Retrieved 13 November 2013.
- ^ a b "Parliamentary Election". Auckland Star. Vol. LXIX, no. 254. 27 October 1938. p. 4. Retrieved 30 November 2014.
- ^ Gustafson 1986, pp. 26, 28.
- ^ a b c "Electoral". The New Zealand Herald. Vol. LXXV, no. 23180. 28 October 1938. p. 3. Retrieved 30 November 2014.
- ^ Gustafson 1986, p. 370.
- ^ "Declaration of result of poll for the electoral district of Awarua". Western Star. 28 October 1938. p. 3. Retrieved 13 March 2021.
- ^ a b c d "Electoral". The New Zealand Herald. Vol. LXXV, no. 23181. 29 October 1938. p. 25. Retrieved 30 November 2014.
- ^ "Declaration of Result of Poll for the Electoral District of Central Otago". Alexandra Herald and Central Otago Gazette. 13 October 1943. p. 4. Retrieved 15 May 2017.
- ^ "The By-Election". Evening Post. Vol. CXXVII, no. 128. 2 June 1939. p. 8. Retrieved 13 November 2011.
- ^ Ammentorp, Steen. "Falconer". generals.dk. Retrieved 16 November 2013.
- ^ "Cenotaph Record". Auckland War Memorial Museum. Archived from the original on 12 November 2014. Retrieved 16 November 2013.
- ^ "Brigadier A. S. Falconer". New Zealand Electronic Text Centre. Retrieved 16 November 2013.
- ^ Gustafson 1986, p. 362.
- ^ a b "The Mantle of Seddon". Evening Post. Vol. CXXVI, no. 90. 13 October 1938. p. 24. Retrieved 3 November 2013.
- ^ "Election Review". Evening Post. Vol. CXXVI, no. 83. 5 October 1938. p. 15. Retrieved 2 November 2013.
- ^ Gustafson 1986, p. 366.
- ^ Webb, Brendan (20 September 2010). "No Sign of Mayors". BayBuzz. Retrieved 2 November 2013.
- ^ "Hawke's Bay Seats". Evening Post. Vol. CXXVI, no. 90. 13 October 1938. p. 11. Retrieved 13 November 2011.
- ^ "Public Notices". The Evening Post. Vol. CXXVI, no. 82. 4 October 1938. p. 4. Retrieved 30 November 2014.
- ^ "The Lyttelton seat: National Party candidate". The Press. Vol. LXXIV, no. 22464. 27 July 1938. p. 12. Retrieved 23 November 2019.
- ^ Bremer, Robert James. "Ormond, John Davies Wilder". Dictionary of New Zealand Biography. Ministry for Culture and Heritage. Retrieved 9 January 2010.
- ^ "Otago Contests". Evening Post. Vol. CXXVI, no. 73. 23 September 1938. p. 10. Retrieved 5 November 2013.
- ^ "The Onehunga Seat". Evening Post. Vol. CXXVI, no. 59. 7 September 1938. p. 5. Retrieved 5 November 2013.
- ^ "Discover Onehunga's Rich History". Onehunga Business Association. Retrieved 5 November 2013.
- ^ "Parliamentary Elections". Auckland Star. Vol. LXIX, no. 233. 3 October 1938. p. 11. Retrieved 6 November 2013.
- ^ "Public Notices". Evening Post. Vol. CXXVI, no. 82. 4 October 1938. p. 4. Retrieved 6 November 2013.
- ^ "Labour Candidates". Evening Post. Vol. CXXV, no. 82. 7 April 1938. p. 17. Retrieved 6 November 2013.
- ^ "J. A. Nash". Evening Post. Vol. CXXVI, no. 89. 12 October 1938. p. 18. Retrieved 6 November 2013.
- ^ "The Labour Party". Auckland Star. Vol. LXIX, no. 192. 16 August 1938. p. 5. Retrieved 6 November 2013.
- ^ "Labour Candidates". Evening Post. Vol. CX, no. 61. 9 September 1925. p. 6. Retrieved 6 November 2013.
- ^ Gustafson 1986, p. 345.
- ^ Laracy, Hugh. "Dreaver, Mary Manson". Dictionary of New Zealand Biography. Ministry for Culture and Heritage. Retrieved 22 July 2012.
- ^ "Tammany Hall". Evening Post. Vol. CXL, no. 52. 30 August 1945. p. 9. Retrieved 6 November 2013.
- ^ "General Election". Auckland Star. Vol. LXIX, no. 116. 19 May 1938. p. 10. Retrieved 7 November 2013.
- ^ "Wairarapa Electorate". Upper Hutt Weekly Review. Vol. III, no. 43. 14 October 1938. p. 3. Retrieved 9 November 2013.
- ^ "Mrs. R. Bleasel". Auckland Star. Vol. LXIX, no. 277. 23 November 1938. p. 4. Retrieved 9 November 2013.
- ^ Buchan, Allison. "Appleton, William". Dictionary of New Zealand Biography. Ministry for Culture and Heritage. Retrieved 10 January 2012.
- ^ "Public Notices". Evening Post. Vol. CXXVI, no. 98. 22 October 1938. p. 5. Retrieved 30 November 2014.
- ^ Labrum, Bronwyn. "Gilmer, Elizabeth May". Dictionary of New Zealand Biography. Ministry for Culture and Heritage. Retrieved 10 November 2013.
- ^ "General Election". Evening Post. Vol. CXXVI, no. 45. 22 August 1938. p. 10. Retrieved 10 November 2013.
- ^ "By-election Postponement Act 1943". Retrieved 8 March 2012.
References[]
- Gustafson, Barry (1986). The First 50 Years : A History of the New Zealand National Party. Auckland: Reed Methuen. ISBN 0-474-00177-6.
- Scholefield, Guy (1950) [First published in 1913]. New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1949 (3rd ed.). Wellington: Govt. Printer.
- Wilson, James Oakley (1985) [First published in 1913]. New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1984 (4th ed.). Wellington: V.R. Ward, Govt. Printer. OCLC 154283103.
- New Zealand parliaments