ASOP Music Festival

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A Song of Praise (ASOP) Music Festival
GenrePop, Jazz, Ballad, Classical,
Christian Music, Contemporary Christian Music, Reggae, Country, Pop Rock, Rock, Orchestra
DatesFirst Three Sundays of the Month (Weekly Finals)
Fourth Sunday of the Month (Monthly Finals)
Second Sunday or Monday of November (Grand Finals)
Location(s)La Verdad Christian College, Caloocan, Philippines (Weekly and Monthly Finals)
New Frontier Theater, Quezon City, Philippines (Grand Finals)
Years active2011–2019 (hiatus)
Websitehttp://www.asoptv.com/

The ASOP (A Song of Praise) Music Festival is an annual music festival held in Metro Manila, Philippines. Basically a songwriting competition,[1] it is the only gospel music television program in the country.[2] An original concept of Bro. Eli Soriano and Daniel Razon aiming to bring back praise songs to the public, it started in 2004 as a music competition inside the Members Church of God International but was later opened to the general public in 2011.[3] The music festival also discourages rap and metal music entries.

The program airs weekly on UNTV every Sunday night holding weekly and monthly eliminations. The show is hosted by Ninang Toni and balladeer Richard Reynoso.[4][5] For the first 6 years (2012-2017), the Grand Finals were held in Smart Araneta Coliseum, Quezon City. Starting in 2018, the Finals are held in nearby New Frontier Theater, Quezon City. Since 2015, entries that won from the monthly eliminations of November of the current year to October of the following year are included in the Grand Finals Night.

On its third year, the multi-awarded Filipino actor and film director, Cesar Montano and Filipina actress, Lilet joined the competition with their compositions entitled Pagpupuring Walang Hanggan (Eternal Praise), and You Are Lord of All, respectively.

ASOP Music Festival was crowned the Best Talent Search Program of the 29th PMPC Star Awards for Television. As announced by Daniel Razon on the Year 7 Grand Finals, starting Year 8, the cash prize will be ₱800,000 for the champion, and a yearly increment of ₱100,000 will be added to the grand prize.[5]

Hosts[]

Grand Winners[]

Year Date Composer(s) Song Interpreter(s) Prize Ref.
1 September 24, 2012 Anton Estrella Jr. Purihin Mo Ang Dios Oh Pilipinas (Praise God, Oh Philippines) Gail Blanco ₱500,000 [8][9][10]
2 September 9, 2013 Boy Christopher Ramos Jr. Ikaw (You) Jonalyn Viray ₱500,000 [9][11]
3 September 23, 2014 Louise Lyle Robles May Awa ang Dios (There is Mercy in God) Beverly Caimen ₱500,000 [9][12]
4 October 13, 2015 Christian Malinias Kung Pag-ibig Mo'y Ulan (If Your Love is Rain) Leah Patricio ₱500,000 [9][13]
5 November 7, 2016 Noemi Ocio Kumapit Ka Lang (Just Hold On) Mela ₱500,000 [9][14][15][16]
6 November 13, 2017 Carlo David Dahil Sa Iyo (Because of You) Jay R ₱500,000 [9][17]
7 November 11, 2018 John Paul Salazar Tugtog (Play) Bradz ₱500,000 [9][18][19]
8 November 10, 2019 Carlo David Sa 'Di Mabilang Na Tala (In the Countless Stars) Gidget Dela Llana ₱800,000 [20][21]
ASOP Music Festival went on hiatus after the Year 8 Grand Finals, probably due to proposed format changes in the Year 8 Finals, and eventually due to the quarantine caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.

Events[]

NOTE: Tagalog song titles presented in this table are provided with English translations.

Year Lineup Winners Date Location
2012 I Will Still Praise You
The Sweetest Moment
Sa Iyo Aking Ama (To You, Father)
Purihin Ka Ng Aking Luha (My Tears Shall Praise You)
Pupurihin Ka Hanggang sa Kailanman (I Will Praise You Until Eternity)
Pag-ibig ay Dios (God is Love)
Reasons to Believe
Sa ‘Yo (For You)
Puso Kong Nabuksan (My Enlightened Heart)
Be My Everything
Purihin Mo Ang Dios, Oh Pilipinas (Praise God, Oh Philippines)
Ikaw Ang Ngayon Bukas at Kailanman (You are the Now, Tomorrow and Forever)
Champion: Purihin Mo Ang Dios Oh Pilipinas[22]
First Runner Up: Pupurihin Ka Hanggang Sa Kailanman (I Will Praise You Until Forevermore)
Second Runner Up: Puso Kong Nabuksan
Third Runner Up: Reasons To Believe
Best Interpreter: Nikki Valdez (Pupurihin Ka Hanggang sa Kailanman)
People's Choice: Pag-ibig ay Dios
September 24, 2012 Araneta Coliseum, Quezon City, Philippines
2013 You'll See Miracles
Sa Iyo Lamang (In You Alone)
Ikaw Lamang ang Pupurihin (Only You Will Be Praised)
Dakila Ka (You Are Great)
Lagi Kang Nariyan (You Are Always There)
You're My God
Awit ng mga Awit (Song of Songs)
Iniibig Kita Buong Puso at Kaluluwa (I Love You With All My Heart and Soul)
Ikaw (You)
Hallelujah
I Am Grateful
Salamat sa Iyo (Thanks To You)
Champion: Ikaw[23]
First Runner Up: I Am Grateful
Second Runner Up: Lagi Kang Nariyan
Third Runner Up: You'll See Miracles
Best Interpreter: Jona (Ikaw)
September 9, 2013
2014[24] Ikaw Ang Tangi Kong Minamahal (You're the Only One I Love)
Biyaya (Grace)
Tanging Gabay (Special Guide)
Kislap (Shimmer)
God will Win Our Fight
May Awa ang Dios (There is Mercy in God)
You are Lord of All
Panginoon Kay Buti Mo (Lord, How Good You Are)
Hangga’t May Tinig Ako (As Long As I Have My Voice)
Awit ng Puso Ko (My Heart's Song)
Pagpupuring Walang Hanggan (Eternal Praise)
Sa Bawat Araw (In Every Day)
Champion: May Awa ang Dios (God's Mercy)[25]
First Runner Up: Sa Bawat Araw (In Each Day)
Second Runner Up: Tanging Gabay
Third Runner Up: Biyaya
People's Choice Award: Hangga't May Tinig Ako
Best Interpreter: Beverly Caimen (May Awa ang Dios)
September 23, 2014
2015 Dinggin Mo Oh Dios (Listen, O God)
Alabok (Dust)
Sabik Sa Iyo (I'm Eager For You)
Walang Hanggan (Forever)
Jesus, I Love You
Mahal Mo Ako (You Love Me)
Kung Pag-Ibig Mo'y Ulan (If Your Love is Rain)
Dakila Ka, Ama (Father, You are Great)
Ikaw Na Lang Mag-Drive ng Buhay Ko (Only You Will Drive My Life)
Pahintulutan Mo (Please Let Him Do)
Salamat Po, Ama (Thank You, Father)
Pakamamahalin Din Kita, O Dios (I'll Also Cherish You, O God)
Champion: Kung Pag-Ibig Mo'y Ulan[26]
First Runner Up: Pakamamahalin Din Kita
Second Runner Up: Jesus, I Love You
Third Runner Up: Pahintulutan Mo
Best Interpreter: Leah Patricio (Kung Pag-Ibig Mo'y Ulan)
People's Choice: Dakila Ka, Ama
Best Music Video: Sabik sa’Yo
October 13, 2015
2016 God Will Always Make A Way
Tapat Mong Pangako (Your Faithful Promise)
Ikaw Lamang (Only You)
Ikaw Pala (It's Really You)
Tanging Ligaya (Only Rewarding)
Ang Iyong Pangalan (Your Name)
Patawarin Mo Ako (Please Forgive Me)
Araw At Ulan (Sun and Rain)
Pag-ibig Ka, Oh Dios (You are the Love, O God)
Mula Sa Aking Puso (From My Heart)
Kumapit Ka Lang (Just Hold On)
You Stood By Me
Champion: Kumapit Ka Lang (Just Hold On)
First Runner Up: God Will Always Make A Way
Second Runner Up: Araw At Ulan (Sun and Rain)
Third Runner Up: You Stood By Me & Mula Sa Aking Puso (From My Heart)
People's Choice: Ikaw Lamang (Only You)
Best Interpreter: and Jason Fernandez
November 7, 2016
2017 Gabundok Man
Sumasamba Sa 'Yo (Worshipping You)
Carry On
Ikaw Ang Aking Dios (You Are My God)
Sapat Na Ba (Is It Enough)
Dahil Sa 'Yo (Because of You)
Wala Kang Katulad (There Is No Other)
Ikaw Panginoon (You, Lord)
If You Believe
You Are All I Need
Hallelujah To The One
Beside Your Heart
Champion: Dahil Sa 'Yo
First Runner Up: You're All I Need
Second Runner Up: Ikaw Ang Aking Dios
Third Runner Up: Hallelujah To The One
People's Choice: Carry On
Best Interpreter: Jay R
November 13, 2017

Year 7 (2017–2018)[]

The ASOP Year 7 Grand Finals night was held at the New Frontier Theater, Cubao, Quezon City on November 11, 2018, and had its simultaneous TV premiere at UNTV and online premiere at Youtube on December 30, 2018.[28]

"Tugtog", a song entry composed by John Paul Salazar and interpreted by Bradz was named as the grand champion among 12 finalists. Blind composer Jeffrey Lim won the special award Bro. Eli Soriano's Choice for the song "Hiling", while LJ Manzano's "Banal Mong Salita" bagged the People's Choice Award. Cello Nuñez was hailed as the Best Interpreter.

Wish 107.5 products The Wishfuls performed at the event.

After the Grand Finals, "Banal Mong Salita" was used as the soundtrack of Ang Dating Daan's 38th anniversary short film "Banal Na Salita" (Holy Word).[29]

Result Song [30] Composer(s) [30] Interpreter(s) [30] Prize
Pagbabalik (Return) Joel Jabelosa Marcelito Pomoy ₱20,000
Hiling (Wish) Jeffrey Lim Plethora ₱20,000
Makikita Kita (I'll See You) Joyner Dizon Dan Billano ₱20,000
'Wag Kang Bibitiw (Don't Give Up) Oliver Narag Jessa Mae Gabon ₱20,000
3rd Runner-up 'Di na 'ko Aawit (I Won't Sing) Rommel Gojo Hans Dimayuga ₱200,000
Binago Mo Ako (You Changed Me) Jett Villareal Daryl Ong ₱20,000
Magpatuloy sa Mabuting Paggawa (Continue Doing Good Things) Febs Colibao Ato Arman ₱20,000
2nd Runner-up God is with Us Emmanuel Lipio Jr. Cello Nuñez ₱250,000
Salamat Panginoon (Thank You Lord) Rex Torremoro and Elmar Jan Bolaño Mark Carpio ₱20,000
Grand Champion Tugtog (Play) John Paul Salazar Bradz ₱500,000
Banal Mong Salita (Your Sacred Word) LJ Manzano Mark Michael Garcia ₱20,000
1st Runner-up Isang Milyong Pasasalamat (A Million Thanks) Edward Salde Leah Patricio ₱300,000

Special Awards:

Award Composer(s) Song Interpreter(s) Prize
Best Interpreter Emmanuel Lipio Jr. God is with Us Cello Nuñez ₱50,000
People's Choice LJ Manzano Banal Mong Salita Mark Michael Garcia ₱50,000
Bro. Eli Soriano's Choice Jeffrey Lim Hiling Plethora[31] ₱200,000

Year 8 (2018–2019)[]

The eighth year of competition included entries from November 2018 to October 2019 episodes. As announced during the Year 7 Grand Finals, the grand prize for Year 8 is raised from ₱500,000 to ₱800,000.

Qualification[]

Month Song of the Month Composer(s) Origin Interpreter(s)
November 2018 O Ama (Oh Father) Jhoter Jone Villan Taguig Tabitha Caro*
December 2018 Alay Ko (My Offering) Maddonna Rosas and Pau Ortiz Brenan Espartinez
January 2019 Ikaw Ay Ikaw (You are You) Vanduane Badua Baguio, Benguet Audrey Malaiba*
February 2019 Don't Give Up Cherry Labating Iloilo Jennifer Maravilla*
March 2019 Dios ng Katotohanan (God of the Truth) Darrell Joseph Villanueva Pasay Niña Espinosa
April 2019 Pupurihin Kita (I'll Praise You) Chris Givenchi Edejer Davao City, Davao del Sur Nino Alejandro*
May 2019 Libo-libong Tala (Thousands of Stars) †‡ Carlo David Rhap Salazar* / Gidget Dela Llana
June 2019 You Are Wonderful Franz Loren Bigcas Bohol Mark Laygo
July 2019 God Has His Purpose Lambert Reyes Jr. and
Roman Cundangan
Jeddah, Saudi Arabia and
Bulacan
Ethan Loukas
August 2019 Sagwan (Paddle) † Aiza Narag Valenzuela City Louie Anne Culala
September 2019 Ako ay Tunay na Magtatagumpay (I Will Truly Succeed) Shaun Billones Jakarta, Indonesia Aby Singson*
October 2019 Ulap (Cloud) ‡ Rinz Ruiz Marilao, Bulacan Vanz Bonaobra
Notes
  1. An asterisk (*) denotes a change of interpreter for the Grand Finals.
  2. A dagger (†) denotes a "Producer's Pick" weekly winner.
  3. A double dagger (‡) denotes a change of song title for the Grand Finals.
  4. "Don't Give Up" reached the November 2018 Monthly Finals and lost, but was recalled for a February 2019 "Producer's Pick" episode.
  5. "Libo-libong Tala" reached the March 2019 Monthly Finals and lost, but was recalled for a May 2019 "Producer's Pick" episode. Rhap Salazar performed the song on May Weekly Finals, while Gidget Dela Llana sang on the May Monthly Finals and also the Grand Finals. The title was changed to "Sa 'Di Mabilang Na Tala" for the Grand Finals.
  6. "Sagwan" reached the July 2019 Monthly Finals and lost, but was recalled for an August 2019 "Producer's Pick" episode.
  7. The title of "Ulap" was changed to "Tahan Na" for the Grand Finals.

Results[]

The ASOP Year 8 Grand Finals night was held at the New Frontier Theater, Cubao, Quezon City on November 10, 2019.[5][32][33][34][35][36][37]

"Sa 'Di Mabilang Na Tala", a song entry composed by Carlo David and interpreted by Gidget Dela Llana, was named as the grand champion among 12 finalists, and also bagged the People's Choice Award.[21] David became the first and only two-time winner in the program's history.

Ethan Loukas was hailed as the Best Interpreter, while Bro. Eli Soriano's Choice are the regulars of the show, hosts Richard Reynoso and Ninang Toni, and resident judge Mon Del Rosario.[21]

Wish 107.5 Wishcovery winners Princess Sevillena, Rhea Basco, Tawag ng Tanghalan finalist Violeta Bayawa, Plethora, Ace Bartolome and Carmela Ariola of The Wishfuls, Jason Dy, Leah Patricio, and Bradz performed at the event.

Result Song Composer(s) Interpreter(s) Prize Score
Pupurihin Kita (I'll Praise You) Chris Givenchi Edejer Gerald Santos ₱20,000
2nd Runner-up Sagwan (Paddle) Aiza Narag Louie Anne Culala ₱250,000 90.29%
You Are Wonderful Franz Loren Bigcas Mark Laygo ₱20,000
Dios ng Katotohanan (God of the Truth) Darrell Joseph Villanueva Niña Espinosa ₱20,000
Grand Champion Sa 'Di Mabilang Na Tala (In the Countless Stars) Carlo David Gidget Dela Llana ₱800,000 93.86%
O Ama (Oh Father) Jhoter Jone Villan Cha-Cha Cañete ₱20,000
Alay Ko (My Offering) Maddonna Rosas and Pau Ortiz Brenan Espartinez ₱20,000
Ako ay Tunay na Magtatagumpay (I Will Truly Succeed) Shaun Billones Kimberly Baluzo ₱20,000
God Has His Purpose Lambert Reyes Jr. and Roman Cundangan Ethan Loukas ₱20,000
Ikaw Ay Ikaw (You are You) Vanduane Badua Radha Cuadrado ₱20,000
1st Runner-up Tahan Na (Hold On) Rinz Ruiz Vanz Bonaobra ₱300,000 90.71%
3rd Runner-up Don't Give Up Cherry Labating Jinky Vidal ₱200,000 89.29%

Special Awards:

Award Composer(s) Song Interpreter(s) Prize
Best Interpreter Lambert Reyes Jr. and Roman Cundangan God Has His Purpose Ethan Loukas ₱50,000
People's Choice Carlo David Sa 'Di Mabilang Na Tala Gidget Dela Llana ₱50,000
Bro. Eli Soriano's Choice Mon Del Rosario, Richard Reynoso and Ninang Toni ₱210,000 (₱70,000 each)

Awards and Recognition[]

The ASOP 2012 commemorative album is awarded as Inspirational Album of the Year in the 5th PMPC Star Awards for Music in Manila, Philippines.[38]

Year Association Category Nominee(s) Result
2012 PMPC Star Awards for Television Best Talent Search Program ASOP (A Song Of Praise) Music Festival Nominated
Best Talent Search Program Host(s) Richard Reynoso and Ninang Toni Nominated
AnakTV AnakTV Seal Award[39][40] ASOP (A Song Of Praise) Music Festival Awarded
2013 PMPC Star Awards for Music Inspirational Album of the Year ASOP, A Song of Praise Won
AnakTV AnakTV Seal Award[39][41] ASOP (A Song Of Praise) Music Festival Awarded
A Song of Praise - TV Special (2012 Grand Finals Night) Awarded
2014 PMPC Star Awards for Television Best Talent Search Program ASOP (A Song Of Praise) Music Festival Nominated
Best Talent Search Program Host(s) Richard Reynoso and Ninang Toni Nominated
AnakTV AnakTV Seal Award[39][42] ASOP (A Song Of Praise) Music Festival Awarded
2015 PMPC Star Awards for Television Best Talent Search Program ASOP (A Song Of Praise) Music Festival Won
Best Talent Search Program Host(s) Richard Reynoso and Ninang Toni Nominated
AnakTV AnakTV Seal Award[39][43] ASOP (A Song Of Praise) Music Festival Awarded
2016 AnakTV AnakTV Seal Award[39][44] ASOP (A Song Of Praise) Music Festival Awarded
ASOP By Request Awarded
2017 31st PMPC Star Awards for Television Best Talent Search Program ASOP (A Song Of Praise) Music Festival Won
AnakTV AnakTV Seal Award[45] ASOP (A Song Of Praise) Music Festival Awarded

See also[]

References[]

  1. ^ "ASOP Music Festival". Filipino Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers (FILSCAP). Archived from the original on 3 February 2014. Retrieved 11 September 2013.
  2. ^ "About ASOP TV". ASOP TV. Retrieved 11 September 2013.
  3. ^ "ASOP Year 7 Grand Finals". ASOP Music Festival. Season 7. December 30, 2018. Event occurs at 2h18m57s. UNTV. Retrieved December 31, 2018.
  4. ^ "ASOP Music Festival". UNTV News and Rescue. Retrieved 11 September 2013.
  5. ^ a b c d e "Eight years of promoting praise music". Manila Standard. November 8, 2019. Retrieved November 10, 2019.
  6. ^ "Toni Rose Gayda". UNTV News and Rescue. Retrieved December 30, 2018.
  7. ^ "Richard Reynoso". UNTV News and Rescue. Retrieved December 30, 2018.
  8. ^ "Year 2012". ASOP TV. Retrieved October 21, 2019.
  9. ^ a b c d e f g "Reminisce over ASOP's Best Songs of Praise". UNTV News and Rescue. October 16, 2019. Retrieved October 28, 2019.
  10. ^ "Awiting "Purihin Mo Ang Dios, Oh Pilipinas!," Itinanghal Na Song Of The Year Sa Grand Finals Ng ASOP Music Festival 2012". UNTV News and Rescue. September 25, 2012. Retrieved October 28, 2019.
  11. ^ a b "Year 2013". ASOP TV. Retrieved October 21, 2019.
  12. ^ "Year 2014". ASOP TV. Retrieved October 21, 2019.
  13. ^ "Year 2015". ASOP TV. Retrieved October 21, 2019.
  14. ^ "Year 2016". ASOP TV. Retrieved October 21, 2019.
  15. ^ "Teener wins half a million at ASOP Music Festival 2016". Manila Standard. November 20, 2016. Retrieved October 28, 2019.
  16. ^ "FULL LIST: A Song of Praise Music Festival Year 5 winners". Wish 107.5 FM. November 8, 2016. Retrieved October 28, 2019.
  17. ^ "Year 2017". ASOP TV. Retrieved October 21, 2019.
  18. ^ "Year 2018". ASOP TV. Retrieved October 21, 2019.
  19. ^ "'A Song of Praise' caps off 7th season of original Filipino praise music with 12 masterpieces". UNTV News and Rescue. November 12, 2018. Retrieved October 28, 2019.
  20. ^ ""Sa 'Di Mabilang na Tala" is Song of the Year". ASOP TV. November 8, 2019. Retrieved November 10, 2019.
  21. ^ a b c "FULL LIST: ASOP YEAR 8 WINNERS". ASOP TV. November 8, 2019. Retrieved November 11, 2019.
  22. ^ "ASOP TV Grand Finals 2012 Winners". ASOP TV. Retrieved 11 September 2013.
  23. ^ "ASOP TV Grand Finals 2013 Winners". ASOP TV. Retrieved 11 September 2013.
  24. ^ "2014 Grand Finalists". ASOP TV. Retrieved 28 August 2014.
  25. ^ ""May Awa ang Dios", itinanghal na kampyeon sa ASOP Year 3 Grand Finals". UNTV News and Rescue. September 25, 2014. Retrieved 25 September 2014.
  26. ^ "ASOP TV Grand Finals 2015 Winners". ASOP TV. Retrieved 11 September 2013.
  27. ^ "ASOP Year 7 Grand Finals". ASOP Music Festival. Season 7. December 30, 2018. Event occurs at 6m25s. UNTV. Retrieved December 30, 2018.
  28. ^ "'A Song of Praise' celebrates Original Pilipino Praise Music in 7th finals". ASOP TV. November 12, 2018. Retrieved December 17, 2018.
  29. ^ "Banal Na Salita: A Short Film Trailer — Ang Dating Daan 38th Anniversary Special". Ang Dating Daan. December 10, 2018. Retrieved December 31, 2018.
  30. ^ a b c "2018 Grand Finalists". ASOP TV. Retrieved December 30, 2018.
  31. ^ "Plethora". Wish 107.5. March 20, 2018. Retrieved December 30, 2018.
  32. ^ "Asop not a competition for Gerald and Radha". Philippine Daily Inquirer. November 9, 2019. Retrieved November 10, 2019.
  33. ^ "ASOP: A Platform of Praise Music for 8 Years Now". ASOP TV. November 5, 2019. Retrieved November 10, 2019.
  34. ^ "12 praise song maglalaban-laban sa ASOP 8; Brenan Espartinez, Gerald Santos, Radha napiling interpreter". Bandera. November 8, 2019. Retrieved November 11, 2019.
  35. ^ "ASOP Year 8 composers go beyond competition". UNTV News and Rescue. November 6, 2019. Retrieved November 11, 2019.
  36. ^ "ASOP Year 8 composers go beyond competition". Yahoo Philippines. November 6, 2019. Retrieved November 11, 2019.
  37. ^ "Praise Music songwriting fest tonight". Manila Bulletin. November 10, 2019. Retrieved November 11, 2019.
  38. ^ "ASOP 2012 commemorative album, tinanghal na "Inspirational Album of the Year" sa 5th PMPC Star Awards for Music". UNTV News and Rescue. October 15, 2013. Retrieved 30 October 2013.
  39. ^ a b c d e "ANAK TV SEAL WINNER". Anak TV. Retrieved August 14, 2018.
  40. ^ "19 Programa ng UNTV, Ginawaran ng AnakTV Seal". UNTV News and Rescue. December 5, 2012. Retrieved January 6, 2019.
  41. ^ "Anak TV Seal Award 2013 recognizes 17 programs of UNTV". UNTV News and Rescue. December 19, 2013. Retrieved January 6, 2019.
  42. ^ "17 UNTV programs heralded again with Anak TV seal". UNTV News and Rescue. December 11, 2014. Retrieved January 6, 2019.
  43. ^ "16 programa ng UNTV, ginawaran ng Anak TV Seal". UNTV News and Rescue. February 23, 2016. Retrieved December 29, 2018.
  44. ^ "Anak TV Awards honors 22 UNTV programs". UNTV News and Rescue. December 12, 2016. Retrieved December 29, 2018.
  45. ^ "11 programs of UNTV get Anak TV seal". UNTV News and Rescue. December 8, 2017. Retrieved January 6, 2019.
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