A Reality Tour

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This article is about the David Bowie concert tour. For the concert tour by Jessica Simpson, see Reality Tour (Jessica Simpson concert tour).

A Reality Tour
Tour by David Bowie
David Bowie A Reality Tour.jpg
The A Reality Tour promotional poster
Associated albumReality
Start date7 October 2003
End date25 June 2004
Legs5
No. of shows70 in Europe
29 in North America
8 in Oceania
5 in Asia
112 in Total
Box officeUS$46 million
David Bowie concert chronology

A Reality Tour was a worldwide concert tour by David Bowie in support of the Reality album.[1] The tour commenced on 7 October 2003 at the Forum Copenhagen, Denmark, continuing through Europe, North America, Asia, including a return to New Zealand and Australia for the first time since the 1987 Glass Spider Tour. At over 110 shows, the tour was the longest tour of Bowie's career.[2] A heart attack in late June 2003 forced the cancellation of some dates near the end of the tour.[3] Bowie retired from performing live in 2006, making this tour his last.[4]

The tour grossed US$46 million, making it the ninth-highest-grossing tour of 2004.[5]

Background[]

Bowie announced the tour in June 2003, intending to play to over a million people across 17 countries, and was billed as his first major tour since the Outside Tour of 1995.[6] Rehearsals for the tour begin in July, with the band from his previous Heathen Tour mostly unchanged; Mark Plati had other work booked, so guitarist Gerry Leonard was made the new bandleader.[7] The band played a warm-up gig on 19 August in New York to a small audience of about 500 people at The Chance theater.[8] Starting in September, Bowie started appearing on national radio and TV shows in Germany and France before doing a "live and interactive music event" staged in London on 8 September, one of the first live streams of a rock concert, and the first to be broadcast in 5.1 sound.[8] This show was beamed live to audiences around the world, although some countries (such as the Japan and Australia) didn't broadcast the show until the following day, and some countries (like the US) did not broadcast the show until a week later.[8] Some theaters report not receiving the center channel of audio of the show, meaning that some audiences didn't hear Bowie's singing as part of the broadcast (strictly an issue at the theaters' end, according to Tony Visconti, who was responsible for the mix).[9] Shortly thereafter, Bowie continued to do publicity for the album and tour, playing songs on shows such as Friday Night with Jonathan Ross on BBC1, The Today Show, Last Call with Carson Daly, and The Late Show with David Letterman.[10] Tracks performed during these shows included "New Killer Star", "Modern Love", "Never Get Old", and "Hang On to Yourself".[10] Finally, in late September, Bowie and the band played songs for , performing "New Killer Star", "I'm Afraid of Americans", "Rebel Rebel", "Days" and "Fall Dog Bombs the Moon",[10] all of which were streamed to AOL customers over the next few months.[10] By the end of September, Bowie and band were in Brussels for final rehearsals.[10]

Tour design[]

The tour itself was described by Bowie biographer Nicholas Pegg as "in some respects [...] even more theatrical" than the "Sound+Vision Tour", one of Bowie's more theatrical undertakings.[10] The stage included a giant LED screen with a raised catwalk, multiple platforms pushing out into the audience, staircases and "huge, bleached white tree branches" that dangled "gracefully from either side of the stage".[10] Bowie himself helped design the stage alongside designer Therese Depreze and visual director Laura Frank.[10]

Repertoire[]

The set list included tracks spanning Bowie's 30 plus years in the music business, from The Man Who Sold the World (1970) all the way to Reality (2003), along with collaborations such as "Sister Midnight" (originally from The Idiot (1977) by Iggy Pop) and "Under Pressure" (released as a single (1981) by Bowie and Queen later found on Hot Space released the following year), and snippets and teasers of Bowie classics such as "Space Oddity" and "Golden Years".[11] The band had rehearsed around 60 songs for the tour,[2] and the large repertoire of available songs allowed them to change the setlist from night to night, sometimes making up the setlist on the fly, a departure from some of Bowie's previous and heavily choreographed tours like the Serious Moonlight Tour of 1983, the Glass Spider Tour of 1987, and the Sound+Vision Tour of 1990.[11] Bowie and his band played over two hours every night of the tour, playing more than 30 songs at some venues.[12] One song that was rehearsed but not performed is "Win" from his 1974 album Young Americans; it never made it further than the occasional soundcheck for the tour.[13]

Contemporary reviews[]

The 24 January 2004 show in Vancouver BC was reviewed positively, with the reviewer saying that "with Bowie's near-flawless vocals, brilliant band, and smartly executed show, you wind up with one of the finest old-school rock gigs the Canucks’ home rink has ever hosted."[14] The review of the next show in Seattle on 25 January 2004 was similarly positive, saying Bowie, "still every inch a superstar ... still oozes charm and sex appeal" and called the setlist a "celebration of his whole body of work."[15]

Tour incidents[]

The 6 May 2004, a performance at the James L. Knight Center, Miami, Florida was cancelled after lighting technician Walter "Wally Gator" Thomas fell to his death prior to Bowie going onstage.[16]

The show in Oslo on 18 June 2004 saw Bowie being struck in the left eye with a lollipop thrown by a member of the audience.[17]

Heart attack[]

On 23 June, while on stage in Prague for the tour, Bowie had a heart attack (misdiagnosed at the time as a pinched nerve), which required him to leave the stage (and finally end the show early) to receive medical attention.[3] The tour was officially curtailed after the Hurricane Festival performance in Scheeßel, Germany on 25 June 2004, as a result of continued discomfort.[3] On 30 June, the tour was officially cancelled after Bowie was diagnosed with an acutely blocked artery that required an angioplasty procedure (performed on 26 June).[3][18] In 2016 after Bowie's death of liver cancer, bassist Gail Ann Dorsey, who was on stage with Bowie, recalled the last two shows of the tour:

[At the second-to-last show, in Prague] I remember we were playing the song "Reality." He was supposed to be singing at the very end of the song, and he wasn't. I was kind of watching him from behind. Everyone was soaking wet because it was really hot in there, but his shirt was just drenched. He was just soaking wet and holding the microphone out with his left hand straight out. And he was just standing there, posturing, but not singing. And I was thinking, "Why is he not singing the last bit?"

Then he looked over his shoulder at me and he was just white, pale, translucent almost. His eyes were wide and he was kind of gasping for air a little bit, having trouble catching his breath. And then I remember looking down at the audience, and I could see their expressions in the front row, looking up at him, had changed. They went from joy and dancing to looking kind of concerned. At that point, his bodyguard and helper guy saw the same thing. He ran onto the stage and took him off. ... We went back on and played a few more songs. He asked for a stool and he sat down. He just hated to cancel shows. There were some nights he was so sick he had a bucket on the side of the stage where he'd go between songs to puke, but he never wanted to cancel anything. And we didn't know he was having a heart attack until four or five days later.

[At the last show, at the Hurricane Festival in Hamburg, Germany] I remember walking down the stairs behind him after we finished. When he got to the bottom, he actually collapsed. He was so tired and so sick. They rushed him to the hospital and we sat and waited in Hamburg for a few days, and that was the end. The last show.[19]

Live recordings[]

Main article: A Reality Tour (film)

A DVD video of the Point Theatre, Dublin performances of 2003 was released as A Reality Tour in 2004. A CD of the same performances was released as A Reality Tour in 2010.

Tour band[]

Tour dates[]

Date City Country Venue Tickets sold / available Revenue Opening act
Europe
7 October 2003 Copenhagen Denmark Forum Copenhagen N/A N/A "The Dandy Warhols"
8 October 2003 Stockholm Sweden Globen Arena N/A N/A
10 October 2003 Helsinki Finland Hartwall Areena N/A N/A
12 October 2003 Oslo Norway Oslo Spektrum N/A N/A
15 October 2003 Rotterdam Netherlands Rotterdam Ahoy N/A N/A
16 October 2003 Hamburg Germany Color Line Arena N/A N/A
18 October 2003 Frankfurt Festhalle Frankfurt N/A N/A
20 October 2003 Paris France Palais Omnisports de Paris-Bercy N/A N/A
21 October 2003 N/A N/A
23 October 2003 Milan Italy Forum di Assago N/A N/A
24 October 2003 Zürich Switzerland Hallenstadion N/A N/A
26 October 2003 Stuttgart Germany Hanns-Martin-Schleyer-Halle N/A N/A
27 October 2003 Munich Olympiahalle N/A N/A
29 October 2003 Vienna Austria Wiener Stadthalle N/A N/A
31 October 2003 Cologne Germany Kölnarena N/A N/A
1 November 2003 Hanover Preussag Arena 10,587 / 10,587 $499,926
3 November 2003 Berlin Max-Schmeling-Halle 10,693 / 10,693 $512,787
5 November 2003 Antwerp Belgium Sportpaleis 16,113 / 16,113 $690,217
7 November 2003 Lille France Zénith de Lille 6,986 / 6,986 $349,420
8 November 2003 Amnéville Galaxie Amnéville 10,960 / 11,200 $462,161
10 November 2003 Nice Palais Nikaia 7,620 / 8,000 $426,823
14 November 2003 Marseille Le Dôme de Marseille 8,004 / 8,004 $440,087
15 November 2003 Lyon Halle Tony Garnier 17,000 / 17,000 $753,371
17 November 2003 Manchester England Manchester Evening News Arena 14,827 / 14,827 $1,094,747
19 November 2003 Birmingham NEC LG Arena 23,604 / 23,604 $1,759,705
20 November 2003
22 November 2003 Dublin Republic of Ireland Point Theatre 17,000 / 17,000 $1,142,076
23 November 2003
25 November 2003 London England Wembley Arena 23,048 / 23,048 $1,717,549
26 November 2003
28 November 2003 Glasgow Scotland Scottish Exhibition and Conference Centre 10,103 / 10,103 $768,886
North America
13 December 2003 Montreal Canada Bell Centre 11,315 / 11,315 $613,650 Macy Gray
15 December 2003 New York City United States Madison Square Garden 13,752 / 13,752 $1,108,711
16 December 2003 Uncasville Mohegan Sun Arena 6,698 / 6,698 $313,460
20 December 2003 Nassau Bahamas The Atlantis Paradise Island Hotel N/A N/A N/A
7 January 2004 Cleveland United States CSU Convocation Center 7,692 / 7,938 $336,940 Macy Gray
9 January 2004 Auburn Hills The Palace of Auburn Hills 8,509 / 8,909 $427,522
11 January 2004 Minneapolis Target Center 5,492 / 7,505 $275,436
13 January 2004 Rosemont Rosemont Theatre 12,867 / 12,867 $959,883
14 January 2004
16 January 2004
19 January 2004 Denver Fillmore Auditorium 3,600 / 3,600 $237,600
21 January 2004 Calgary Canada Pengrowth Saddledome 11,474 / 11,474 $634,074
24 January 2004 Vancouver GM Place 11,617 / 11,617 $612,323
25 January 2004 Seattle United States Paramount Theatre 2,804 / 2,835 $199,722
27 January 2004 San Jose HP Pavilion 9,856 / 10,317 $578,128
30 January 2004 Las Vegas The Joint 1,522 / 1,522 $343,313
31 January 2004 Los Angeles Shrine Auditorium 12,348 / 12,348 $803,544
2 February 2004
3 February 2004 Wiltern Theatre 2,290 / 2,290 $187,174
5 February 2004 Phoenix Dodge Theater 4,873 / 4,873 $237,842
6 February 2004 Las Vegas The Joint 1,522 / 1,522 $343,313
7 February 2004 Los Angeles Wiltern Theatre 2,290 / 2,290 $187,174
Oceania
14 February 2004 Wellington New Zealand Westpac Stadium N/A N/A Brooke Fraser
17 February 2004 Brisbane Australia Brisbane Entertainment Centre N/A N/A Something for Kate
20 February 2004 Sydney Sydney Entertainment Centre N/A N/A
21 February 2004 N/A N/A
23 February 2004 Adelaide Adelaide Entertainment Centre N/A N/A
26 February 2004 Melbourne Rod Laver Arena N/A N/A
27 February 2004 N/A N/A
1 March 2004 Perth Supreme Court Gardens N/A N/A
Asia
4 March 2004 Singapore Singapore Indoor Stadium N/A N/A N/A
8 March 2004 Tokyo Japan Nippon Budokan N/A N/A
9 March 2004 N/A N/A
11 March 2004 Osaka Osaka-jo Hall N/A N/A Kiyorahu
14 March 2004 Hong Kong Hong Kong Convention and Exhibition Centre N/A N/A N/A
North America
29 March 2004 Philadelphia United States Wachovia Center 10,761 / 18,000 $645,380 Stereophonics
30 March 2004 Boston FleetCenter N/A N/A
1 April 2004 Toronto Canada Air Canada Centre 13,893 / 14,114 $771,136
2 April 2004 Ottawa Corel Centre N/A N/A
4 April 2004 Quebec City Colisée Pepsi N/A N/A
7 April 2004 Winnipeg Winnipeg Arena N/A N/A
9 April 2004 Edmonton Rexall Place 8,507 / 9,404 $342,609
11 April 2004 Kelowna Skyreach Place N/A N/A
13 April 2004 Portland United States Rose Garden Arena N/A N/A
14 April 2004 Seattle KeyArena 6,065 / 6,500 $316,094
16 April 2004 Berkeley Berkeley Community Theatre N/A N/A
17 April 2004 N/A N/A
19 April 2004 Santa Barbara Santa Barbara Bowl 4,546 / 4,562 $314,625
22 April 2004 Los Angeles Greek Theatre 5,764 / 5,764 $360,560
23 April 2004 Anaheim Arrowhead Pond 7,015 / 7,520 $498,218
25 April 2004 Loveland Budweiser Events Center 4,177 / 5,440 $262,503
27 April 2004 Austin The Backyard Amphitheater N/A N/A
29 April 2004 The Woodlands Cynthia Woods Mitchell Pavilion N/A N/A
30 April 2004 New Orleans Saenger Theatre N/A N/A
5 May 2004 Tampa Tampa Bay Performing Arts Center N/A N/A The Polyphonic Spree
8 May 2004 Atlanta Chastain Park Amphitheater N/A N/A
10 May 2004 Kansas City Starlight Theatre N/A N/A
11 May 2004 St. Louis Fox Theatre N/A N/A
13 May 2004 Hershey Star Pavilion N/A N/A
14 May 2004 London Canada John Labatt Centre 8,513 / 8,513 $446,740
16 May 2004 Fairfax United States Patriot Center N/A N/A
17 May 2004 Pittsburgh Benedum Center N/A N/A
19 May 2004 Milwaukee Milwaukee Theatre N/A N/A
20 May 2004 Indianapolis Murat Shrine N/A N/A
22 May 2004 Moline The MARK of the Quad Cities N/A N/A
24 May 2004 Columbus Columbus Veterans Memorial Auditorium N/A N/A
25 May 2004 Buffalo Shea's Performing Arts Center N/A N/A
27 May 2004 Scranton Ford Pavilion at Montage Mountain N/A N/A
29 May 2004 Atlantic City Borgata Event Center N/A N/A
30 May 2004 N/A N/A
1 June 2004 Manchester Verizon Wireless Arena N/A N/A
2 June 2004 Uncasville Mohegan Sun Arena N/A N/A
4 June 2004 Wantagh Tommy Hilfiger at Jones Beach Theatre N/A N/A
5 June 2004 Holmdel PNC Bank Arts Center N/A N/A
Europe
11 June 2004 Amsterdam Netherlands Amsterdam Arena N/A N/A –
13 June 2004[a] Newport England Seaclose Park N/A N/A
17 June 2004[b] Bergen Norway Koengen N/A N/A
18 June 2004[c] Oslo Frognerbadet N/A N/A
20 June 2004[d] Seinäjoki Finland Provinssirock music festival N/A N/A
23 June 2004 Prague Czech Republic T-Mobile Arena N/A N/A
25 June 2004[e] Scheeßel Germany Eichenring N/A N/A
Total 722,158 / 737,581 $45,395,490
  • On 19 August 2003 Bowie performed a one-off show in Poughkeepsie, New York at The Chance, as a warm up show.
  • On 8 September 2003 Bowie performed a show at the Riverside Studios in London which was a 'satellite show'. This was a live performance beamed via satellite to cinemas and theatres across Europe and due to time delay the following day across Asia, Australia, North and South America.[21][22]
Notes
  1. ^ The concert on 13 June 2004 in Newport was part of the Isle of Wight Festival.
  2. ^ The concert on 17 June 2004 in Bergen was part of the Bergen Festival.
  3. ^ The concert on 18 June 2004 in Oslo was part of the Norwegian Wood Festival.
  4. ^ The concert on 20 June 2004 in Seinäjoki was part of Provinssirock.
  5. ^ The concert on 25 June 2004 in Scheeßel was part of the Hurricane Festival. This was also the final David Bowie concert as part of a headlining tour.
Cancellations and rescheduled shows
12 November 2003 Toulouse Le Zénith de Toulouse Cancelled
6 December 2003 Atlantic City The Borgata Events Center Rescheduled to 29 May 2004
7 December 2003 Fairfax Patriot Center Rescheduled to 16 May 2004
9 December 2003 Boston Fleet Center Rescheduled to 30 March 2004
10 December 2003 Philadelphia Wachovia Center Rescheduled to 29 March 2004
12 December 2003 Toronto Air Canada Centre Rescheduled to 1 April 2004
6 May 2004 Miami James L. Knight Center Cancelled
26 June 2004 Tuttlingen Southside Festival Cancelled
29 June 2004 Vienna Schloss Schönbrunn Cancelled
30 June 2004 Salzburg Residenzplatz Cancelled
2 July 2004 Roskilde Roskilde Festival Cancelled
4 July 2004 Werchter Rock Werchter Cancelled
6 July 2004 Festival de la Gaou Cancelled
7 July 2004 Carcassonne Festival de la Cite Cancelled
10 July 2004 Kinross Balado, T in the Park Cancelled
11 July 2004 County Kildare Oxegen Festival Cancelled
14 July 2004 Bilbao Bilbao Festival Cancelled
16 July 2004 Compostela Xacobeo Festival Cancelled
17 July 2004 Oporto The Dragon Festival Cancelled
20 July 2004 Nyon Paléo Festival Nyon Cancelled
21 July 2004 Monte Carlo Club du Sporting Cancelled
23 July 2004 Carhaix Vieilles Charrues Festival Cancelled

Songs[]

Notation:

  • DVD/CD Included on A Reality Tour (film) and A Reality Tour (live album)
  • CD Included on the live album
  • iTunes Available as Digital download bonus tracks (iTunes) for the live album

From David Bowie

  • "Space Oddity"

From The Man Who Sold the World

  • "The Man Who Sold the World" DVD/CD
  • "The Supermen"

From Hunky Dory

  • "Changes" DVD/CD
  • "Life on Mars?" DVD/CD
  • "Quicksand"
  • "The Bewlay Brothers"
  • "Queen Bitch"

From The Rise and Fall of Ziggy Stardust and the Spiders from Mars

  • "Five Years" DVD/CD
  • "Starman"
  • "Hang On to Yourself" DVD/CD
  • "Ziggy Stardust" DVD/CD
  • "Suffragette City"

From Aladdin Sane

  • "Panic in Detroit"
  • "The Jean Genie"

From Diamond Dogs

  • "Diamond Dogs"
  • "Rebel Rebel" DVD/CD

From Young Americans

From Station to Station

  • "Station to Station"
  • "Golden Years"

From Low

From "Heroes"

From Lodger

  • "Fantastic Voyage" DVD/CD (Bowie, Eno)

From Scary Monsters (and Super Creeps)

  • "Ashes to Ashes" DVD/CD
  • "Fashion"

From Let's Dance

  • "Modern Love"
  • "China Girl" CD (originally from The Idiot (1977) by Pop; written by Pop and Bowie)
  • "Let's Dance"

From Tonight

  • "Loving the Alien" DVD/CD
  • "Blue Jean"

From Outside

  • "Hallo Spaceboy" DVD/CD (Bowie, Eno)
  • "The Motel" (Bowie, Eno) DVD/CD

From Earthling

From Heathen

  • "Sunday" DVD/CD
  • "Cactus" DVD/CD (originally from Surfer Rosa (1989) by the Pixies; written by Black Francis)
  • "Slip Away" DVD/CD
  • "Afraid" DVD/CD
  • "I've Been Waiting for You" (originally from Neil Young (1968) by Neil Young; written by Young)
  • "5:15 the Angels Have Gone" iTunes
  • "Heathen (The Rays)" DVD/CD

From Reality

  • "New Killer Star" DVD/CD
  • "Pablo Picasso" (from The Modern Lovers (1976) by The Modern Lovers although it was recorded first in 1972; written by Jonathan Richman)
  • "Never Get Old" DVD/CD
  • "The Loneliest Guy" DVD/CD
  • "Looking for Water"
  • "She'll Drive the Big Car"
  • "Days" iTunes
  • "Fall Dog Bombs the Moon" CD
  • "Try Some, Buy Some" (originally a non-album single (1971) by Ronnie Spector of The Ronettes; written by George Harrison)
  • "Reality" DVD/CD
  • "Bring Me the Disco King" DVD/CD (originally written and recorded for Black Tie White Noise (1993) and recorded once again for Earthling (1997))

Other songs:

  • "A Hard Day's Night" (from A Hard Day's Night (1964) by The Beatles; written by Lennon and Paul McCartney)
  • "All the Young Dudes" DVD/CD (from All the Young Dudes (1972) by Mott the Hoople; written by Bowie)
  • "Bang a Gong (Get It On)" (from Electric Warrior (1971) by T.Rex; written by Marc Bolan)
  • "Do You Know the Way to San José" (from Dionne Warwick in Valley of the Dolls (1968) by Dionne Warwick; written by Burt Bacharach and Hal David)
  • "Here Comes the Sun" (from Abbey Road (1969) by The Beatles; written by Harrison)
  • "It Can't Happen Here" (from Freak Out! (1966) by The Mothers of Invention; written by Frank Zappa)
  • "Liza Jane" (Bowie's first ever single, released under the name "Davie Jones and the King Bees" in 1964; written by Leslie Conn)
  • "Puppet on a String" (a single released for the 1967 Eurovision Song Contest by its winner Sandie Shaw; written by Bill Martin and Phil Coulter)
  • "Rumble" (a single released in 1958 by Link Wray & His Ray Men; written by Milt Grant and Link Wray)
  • "Sister Midnight" DVD/CD (from The Idiot by Iggy Pop, written by Pop, Bowie and Alomar)
  • "Song 2" (from Blur (1997) by Blur; written by Damon Albarn, Graham Coxon, Alex James and Dave Rowntree)
  • "Summertime" (from the opera Porgy and Bess (1935); written by George Gershwin, DuBose Heyward, Dorothy Heyward and Ira Gershwin)
  • "Under Pressure" DVD/CD (a single released in 1981 by Bowie and Queen later found on Hot Space released the following year; written by Bowie, John Deacon, Brian May, Freddie Mercury, Roger Taylor)
  • "White Light/White Heat" (from White Light/White Heat (1968) by The Velvet Underground; written by Lou Reed)
  • "Y.M.C.A." (from Cruisin' by Village People, written by Henri Belolo, Jacques Morali and Victor Willis)

Notes[]

  1. ^ Bowie announces world tour
  2. ^ Jump up to: a b Jacobson, Colin (3 November 2004), David Bowie: A Reality Tour (2003), retrieved 20 September 2013
  3. ^ Jump up to: a b c d Pegg 2016, p. 625.
  4. ^ Gilmore, Mikal (2 February 2012), "How Ziggy Stardust Fell to Earth", Rolling Stone magazine (1149): 36–43, 68
  5. ^ Madonna Heads List Of Year's Top Tours, retrieved 20 September 2013
  6. ^ "Bowie On World Tour", Sky News, 16 June 2003, archived from the original on 21 September 2013, retrieved 20 September 2013
  7. ^ Pegg 2016, pp. 618–619.
  8. ^ Jump up to: a b c Pegg 2016, p. 619.
  9. ^ Pegg 2016, pp. 619–620.
  10. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h Pegg 2016, p. 620.
  11. ^ Jump up to: a b Pegg 2016, pp. 621–622.
  12. ^ O'Leary 2019, pp. 555.
  13. ^ Pegg 2016, p. 315.
  14. ^ Newton, Steve (13 January 2016). "David Bowie's final Vancouver show, 2004". The Georgia Straight. Retrieved 19 February 2016.
  15. ^ MacDonald, Patrick (26 January 2004). "David Bowie: Supercool rock icon ever ch-ch-changing for the better". The Seattle Times. pp. E1–E3.
  16. ^ Crew member dies at Bowie concert
  17. ^ Lollipop hits Bowie in eye at gig
  18. ^ "Bowie recovers after heart surgery". 9 July 2004. Retrieved 6 September 2021.
  19. ^ Greene, Andy (25 January 2016). "David Bowie Bassist Gail Ann Dorsey: 'He Altered the Course of My Life'". Rolling Stone. Retrieved 14 February 2016.
  20. ^ "PRS Guitars Artist Profile for Gerry Leonard". Archived from the original on 24 March 2013. Retrieved 13 March 2013.
  21. ^ Bowie gig beamed into cinemas
  22. ^ Bowie thrills crowd with cinema gig

References[]

  • Pegg, Nicholas (2016). The Complete David Bowie (revised and updated ed.). London: Titan Books. ISBN 978-1-78565-365-0.
  • O'Leary, Chris (2019). Ashes to Ashes: The Songs of David Bowie 1976–2016. London: Repeater. ISBN 978-1912248308.
Retrieved from ""