Air California

Air California/AirCal

IATA ICAO Callsign OC ACL AIRCAL
Founded	1967
Ceased operations	As separate 1987, integrated into American Airlines
Hubs	John Wayne Airport
Fleet size	21
Destinations	13
Parent company	American Airlines
Headquarters	Newport Beach, California

Air California, later renamed AirCal, was an American airline company, founded by William E. Myers and Bill Perrera, a partnership of Orange County businessmen. It began as an intrastate airline operating solely within California.

Air California was headquartered in Newport Beach, California.^[1][2][3] The airline's "home" airport was Orange County Airport, now known as John Wayne Airport.

Scheduled passenger operations commenced on January 16, 1967. Air California's initial route was a nonstop flight between Orange County Airport (SNA) and San Francisco International Airport (SFO), a previously unserved route. Two Lockheed L-188 Electra turboprops were used to make five daily round-trip flights.^[4]

Following the federal Airline Deregulation Act in 1978, Air California expanded its service to several destinations in neighboring states. In the 1980s, in addition to its California routes, it was flying to Chicago (ORD), Seattle (SEA), Anchorage (ANC), and Vancouver, B.C. (YVR) as well as to other destinations in the western U.S.

The airline was renamed AirCal in 1981, and it was merged into American Airlines in 1987.^[5][6]

History[]

In April 1967, Air California was operating 48 nonstop Lockheed L-188 Electra propjet flights a week from Orange County (SNA) to San Francisco (SFO). The fare was $14.85 plus 5% tax. It added Orange County (SNA) to San Jose (SJC) and Oakland (OAK) flights around the beginning of 1968.

By May 1968, the airline was operating 92 flights per week from SNA to SFO, primarily using Douglas DC-9-10 twin jets, as well as 50 flights a week from SNA to SJC, with most continuing on to OAK. By January 1969, Boeing 737s had taken over all flights, with the Electras and DC-9s being removed from the fleet.

By 1976, Air California was operating nonstop intrastate jet service between Orange County and San Francisco, San Jose, Oakland, Sacramento, San Diego and Palm Springs; between San Diego and Oakland and San Jose; between Ontario and Oakland and San Jose; and between Palm Springs and San Francisco, San Jose and Oakland.^[7]

In the late 1970s, Air California's fleet was composed mainly of Boeing 737-200 jetliners. Two Boeing 737-100s were added in 1977-78. It also flew two Douglas DC-9-10s in 1968, which were leased while Air California was awaiting its new 737s.

In 1975, Air California resumed flying Lockheed Electra propjets in order to serve Lake Tahoe Airport since this airfield had banned scheduled passenger airline jet flights (a ban lasting until the early 1980s. Pacific Air Lines had operated Boeing 727-100s into Lake Tahoe for a short time in 1966-67.) The Electras were retired again when Air California dropped Lake Tahoe as a destination in 1979, with the airline then becoming an all-jet air carrier for the remainder of its existence (several of the last Lockheed Electras in scheduled U.S. passenger service were also operated by Pacific Southwest Airlines (PSA), which also ceased operating the Electra into Lake Tahoe at this time.)

The airline changed its name to AirCal and recommenced flights to Lake Tahoe in the early 1980s with jet service, first with McDonnell Douglas MD-80s and later with Boeing 737-300s. In early 1985, the airline was operating nonstop MD-80 jet service between Lake Tahoe and Los Angeles (LAX), San Francisco (SFO), and San Jose (SJC).^[8]

Marketing[]

In the early to mid-1970s, Air California offered school field trips for inner-city school children in Los Angeles to Sacramento at $25 per ticket. The school children would be taken on a tour of the California State Capitol, Governor's Mansion, and Sutter's Fort.

When the airline introduced the new McDonnell Douglas MD-80, one could (for several hours at Burbank Airport) purchase discounted one-way passes (good for one year) for flights to San Jose and Oakland. The pass price was $9.80 one way/$19.60 round trip, with a purchase limit of four round-trip passes. Later that year, San Francisco was added to the pass program as well.

Following the federal Airline Deregulation Act of 1978, Air California started flights to Las Vegas and Reno, its first routes outside of the state. It then offered service to Portland, Oregon, and then Seattle, Washington, and Phoenix, Arizona. The growing airline then became a takeover target for larger, national air carriers.

In 1981 the airline changed its name to AirCal and adopted a bright new logo and image, including a new wardrobe for its employees by fashion designer Mary McFadden.

AirCal served as the title sponsor of the 1982 CART Indy car race at Riverside International Raceway.

During the 1980s, AirCal had a small fleet of Boeing 737s (series -100, -200 and -300 aircraft); seven McDonnell Douglas MD-80s; and six British Aerospace BAe 146-200s. (MD-80s and BAe 146s were also operated by California intrastate rival Pacific Southwest Airlines, another intrastate carrier that had expanded passenger service outside of California on some of the same routes.) The BAe 146 allowed AirCal to increase flights at noise-sensitive Orange County Airport since this British-built jet was quieter than other jets.

By May 1987, AirCal had introduced new flights serving Chicago (ORD), Anchorage (ANC), and its only international destination, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (YVR).

AirCal alliance with Muse Air[]

In 1984, AirCal partnered with Texas-based Muse Air. Connecting flights between the two airlines were published in their respective timetables.

The AirCal January 1, 1984 system timetable listed connections to Muse Air flights from Los Angeles (LAX) and Ontario (ONT) to Austin (AUS), Houston Hobby Airport (HOU), Midland/Odessa (MAF), and New Orleans (MSY).^[9] The April 29, 1984 Muse Air system timetable listed AirCal connections from Los Angeles (LAX) to San Francisco (SFO), Oakland (OAK), San Jose (SJC), Sacramento (SMF), Reno (RNO), Portland (PDX), and Seattle (SEA).^[10]

Acquisition and merger into American Airlines[]

AirCal was acquired by AMR Corp., the parent company of American Airlines, in 1987.^[6] American continued to fly many former AirCal Boeing 737s as well as the BAe 146s, which at that time were both new types in American's fleet.

American operated from its new hub at San Jose International Airport (SJC) until it transferred the bulk of its San Jose operations to Reno Air in the mid-1990s.

American continued to operate former AirCal Boeing 737-300s into Lake Tahoe (TVL) until it turned over all Lake Tahoe service to their regional affiliate American Eagle, which was operating small, commuter turboprop aircraft at that time.

All eight former AirCal Boeing 737-3A4s were later operated by Southwest Airlines. AirCal also had ordered a ninth 737-3A4 (never delivered), which eventually also found its way into the Southwest Airlines fleet. As of April 2017, Southwest had retired all of the former AirCal fleet: N679AA, the last Boeing 737-300 in service, was stored in February 2012.^[11]

Incidents and accidents[]

In 1981, an AirCal Boeing 737-200 crashed while attempting to land at John Wayne International Airport around sunset on Tuesday, February 17.^[12][13] AirCal Flight 336 was a scheduled flight from San Jose International Airport to John Wayne International Airport. Around 48 minutes into the flight, the crew received clearance for a visual approach to land on runway 19R. As Flight 336 was approaching, another AirCal flight, Flight 931, received clearance to take off from runway 19R.

The controller recognized the potential danger of a collision between the two aircraft and ordered Flight 931 to abort takeoff and instructed Flight 336 to go around. Flight 931 aborted its takeoff, however, Flight 336 did not go around and instead landed on the runway with the landing gear retracted. The aircraft left the runway surface around 900 feet (275 m) past the runway threshold, skidded another 1,170 feet (360 m) before finally coming to rest 115 feet (35 m) to the right of the centerline. All passengers and crew members survived the crash. The Boeing 737-293 aircraft, registered N468AC, was damaged beyond repair and consequently written off.^[14]

Destinations[]

Destinations in May 1987[]

AirCal's May 1, 1987 system timetable listed the following destinations shortly before it was merged into American Airlines:

• Anchorage, AK (ANC)
• Burbank, CA – now Bob Hope Airport (BUR)
• Chicago, IL – O'Hare Airport (ORD)
• Long Beach, CA (LGB)
• Los Angeles (LAX)
• Oakland, CA (OAK)
• Ontario, CA (ONT)
• Orange County, CA – now John Wayne Airport (SNA)
• Portland, OR (PDX)
• Reno, NV (RNO)
• Sacramento, CA (SMF)
• San Diego, CA (SAN)
• San Francisco, CA (SFO)
• San Jose, CA (SJC)
• Seattle, WA (SEA)
• South Lake Tahoe, CA (TVL)
• Vancouver, B.C., Canada (YVR) – only international destination served by the airline

Previously served destinations[]

Air California/AirCal previously served these destinations during its existence:

• Fresno, CA (FAT)
• Las Vegas, NV (LAS)
• Monterey, CA (MRY)
• Palm Springs, CA (PSP)
• Phoenix, AZ (PHX)

Fleet[]

Among other aircraft types, Air California/AirCal operated the following jet aircraft during its existence:^[5]

Aircraft	Total
Boeing 737-100	2
Boeing 737-200	28
Douglas DC-9-10	2
Total	32

Air California/AirCal also operated six British Aerospace BAe 146-200s, eight Boeing 737-300s, seven Lockheed L-188 Electra turboprops and seven McDonnell Douglas MD-80s.^[15]

Fleet before merger with American Airlines[]

Shortly before being merged into American Airlines, AirCal was operating the following jet aircraft types in scheduled passenger service in 1986 and 1987:^[16]

• Boeing 737-100
• Boeing 737-200
• Boeing 737-300
• British Aerospace BAe 146-200
• McDonnell Douglas MD-80

See also[]

• List of defunct airlines of the United States

References[]

External links[]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Air California.

• Orange County Memories, AirCal Airlines
• Air California and AirCal History