Alpe d'Huez

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L'Alpe d'Huez
Alpe-dhuez-arrivee-tour.jpg
Tour de France arrival line, avenue du Rif Nel.
Highest point
Elevation1,860 m (6,100 ft)
Coordinates45°03′37″N 6°04′17″E / 45.06028°N 6.07139°E / 45.06028; 6.07139Coordinates: 45°03′37″N 6°04′17″E / 45.06028°N 6.07139°E / 45.06028; 6.07139
Geography
L'Alpe d'Huez is located in Alps
L'Alpe d'Huez
L'Alpe d'Huez
Alps
LocationIsère, France
Parent rangeAlps

L'Alpe d'Huez (French pronunciation: ​[l‿al.pə d‿ɥɛz]) is a ski resort in southeastern France at 1,250 to 3,330 metres (4,100 to 10,925 ft). It is a mountain pasture in the Central French Western Alps, in the commune of Huez, which is part of the department of Isère in the region of Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes.

It is part of the  [fr] massif, over the Oisans, and is 59 km (37 mi) from Grenoble. The Alpe d'Huez resort is accessible from Grenoble by the  [fr], which runs along the Romanche Valley passing through the communes of Livet-et-Gavet and Le Bourg-d'Oisans as well as Haut-Oisans via the Col de Sarenne.

Alpe d'Huez is known internationally as an iconic cycling venue, as it is used regularly in the Tour de France cycle race, including twice on the same day in 2013. Marco Pantani holds the record for the fastest ascent of the climb with 36' 50", achieved during the 1995 Tour de France. In 2019, it became the site of the first Tomorrowland Winter festival.

History[]

The site of the Alpe has been permanently occupied since the Middle Ages. East of L'Alpe veti, a medieval agglomeration had grown from the end of the 11th to the 14th century under the name of . It was composed of a castle, a parish church with a cemetery, a village with about 80 homes, surface and underground mine workings, as well as several industrial districts. Its occupants operated a silver mine on behalf of the Dauphin. It is currently the only medieval  [fr][1] known and preserved in its entirety, making it a unique site in Europe and classified as historical monuments by a decree of 6 August 1995.[2]

Excavated and studied continuously since 1977 by a team of the CNRS, this site is registered as an historic monument.[3] The medieval mining operation stretched from Gua (the  [fr] Valley) to the Lac Blanc [White Lake] (Massif des Rousses). The massif was also the subject of mining operations, including copper, from the Bronze Age.[4]

It is also at Alpe d'Huez where botanist Gaston Bonnier began his study of flora of France in 1871.

The station was developed from the 1920s. This is where the first platter lift for skiers was opened in 1936 with perches by  [fr], creator of the Poma company.

Economy[]

Each year, the Alpe d'Huez Film Festival is held in January.

Alpe d'Huez also has an altiport, the Alpe d'Huez Airport, built for the 10th Winter Olympics held at Grenoble in 1968. It was named for  [fr] on 15 April 2000, in memory of the famous mountain pilot. The altiport hosts helicopters including those of civil security, SAF Helicopteres and the Dauphiné flying club. A gourmet restaurant is located on the edge of the platform.

Local culture and heritage[]

Sites and monuments[]

The church[]

Main article: Notre Dame des Neiges, L'Alpe d'Huez

Alpe d'Huez has a modern and original church, the appearance of which recalls a silhouette of the Virgin Mary. Under the leadership of Father Jaap Reuten, head of the parish from 1964 to 1992, it was designed by the architect Jean Marol in the 1960s (completed in 1970), and decorated with colour-rich stained-glass windows by the artist Arcabas.

This church houses a pipe organ which is unique in the world. The organ takes the form of a hand drawn up towards the sky, designed by composer Jean Guillou and the German organ builder Detlef Kleuker. Each year, concerts are held around this instrument on Thursday night, winter and summer, as well as organ, pan flute and choral courses during the summer.

Cultural heritage[]

Winter sports[]

Alpe d'Huez is primarily used for downhill, or Alpine skiing.

Skiing at Alpe d'Huez[]

Alpe d'Huez
LocationAlpe d'Huez, France
Nearest major cityGrenoble – 59 km (37 mi)
Vertical2,224 m (7,297 ft)
Top elevation3,330 m (10,925 ft)
Base elevation1,120 m (3,675 ft)
Skiable area236 km2 (91 sq mi)
Runs123 (249 km (155 mi))
(easy 38, intermediate 68, difficult 17)[5]
Longest run16 km (10 mi)
Lift system84 – (6 cable cars,
10 gondolas, 3 access lifts,
24 chairlifts, 41 drag lifts)
Lift capacity95,000 skiers/hr
Snowfall5.48 m (216 in; 18.0 ft) /yr
Snowmaking64 km2 (25 sq mi)
Night skiingLimited, 1 lift, 2 days/week
WebsiteAlpe d'Huez
Skiing the Couloir des cheminées de Mâcle above Alpe d'Huez resort
Alpe d'Huez resort

Alpe d'Huez is one of Europe's premier skiing venues. The site of the Pomagalski's first surface lift in the mid thirties, the resort gained popularity when it hosted the bobsleigh events of the 1968 Winter Olympics. At that time the resort was seen as a competitor to Courchevel as France's most upmarket purpose built resort but the development of Les Trois Vallées, Val d'Isère, Tignes, La Plagne and Les Arcs saw Alpe D'Huez fall from favour in the 1970s and early 1980s.

With 249 kilometres (155 miles) of piste and 84 ski lifts, the resort is now one of the world's largest. Extensive snowmaking facilities helped combat the ski area's largely south-facing orientation and helped Alpe d'Huez appeal to beginner skiers, with very easy slopes. The expansion of the skiing above the linked resorts of Vaujany, Oz-en-Oisans, Villard Reculas and Auris boosted the quantity and quality of intermediate grade slopes but the resort is mostly known for freeskiing, drawing many steep skiing enthusiasts to its high altitude terrain.

Aside from the Tunnel and Sarenne black runs, the latter the world's longest at 16 kilometres (10 miles), many Off-piste opportunities exist both from the summit of the 3,330-metre (10,930-foot) Pic Blanc and the 2,808-metre (9,213-foot) Dome des Petites Rousses. These include the 50-degree Cheminees du Mascle couloirs, the open powder field of Le Grand Sablat, the Couloir Fleur and the Perrins bowl. Up to 2,200 metres (7,200 feet) of vertical descent are available with heli drops back to the resort's altiport. The proximity to the exclusively off-piste resort of La Grave as well as tree skiing at Serre Chevalier and the glacier and terrain parks of Les Deux Alpes have made Alpe d'Huez a popular base for skiers looking to explore the Oisans region.

1968 Winter Olympics[]

Alpe d'Huez hosted the bobsleigh events at the 1968 Winter Olympics based at Grenoble 65 km (40 mi) away.[6] The track, built in spring 1966 for FRF 5.5 million, hosted the World Championships in 1967. The cooling could not keep the ice solid in bright daylight – not least because the track faced south. The four-man event was cancelled because of thawing ice, and modifications were made that spring to prepare for the Games.[6] The refrigeration system was strengthened in turns 6, 9, 12, and 13; turn 12 was covered with stone and earthwork to prevent concrete coming up, turn 12 was cooled with liquid nitrogen, and shades were built on turns 6, 9, 12, and 13 to minimise direct sunlight.[6] Thawing remained a problem and Olympic bobsleigh events had to be scheduled before sunrise. The track closed in 1972 due to high operating costs; the structure remains as demolition was not economical.

Physical statistics[6]
Sport Length Turns Vertical drop Average grade (%)
Bobsleigh 1,500 m (0.93 mi) 13 140 m (459 ft) 9.33
No turn names were given for the track.

Cycle racing[]

L'Alpe d'Huez
Rolland's ride to glory.jpg
Pierre Rolland riding to victory on Alpe d'Huez on Stage 19 of the 2011 Tour de France
StartLe Bourg d'Oisans, Isère
Gain in altitude1,120 m (3,670 ft)
Length of climb13.8 km (8.6 mi)
Maximum elevation1,860 m (6,100 ft)
Average gradient8.1 %
Maximum gradient13 %


Details[]

The climb to the summit starts at Le Bourg d'Oisans in the Romanche valley. The climb goes via the D211 from where the distance to the summit (at 1,860 m (6,102 ft)) is 13.8 km (8.6 mi), with an average gradient of 8.1%, with 21 hairpin bends and a maximum gradient of 13%.[7]

Tour de France[]

L'Alpe d'Huez is climbed regularly in the Tour de France. It was first included in the race in 1952 and has been a stage finish regularly since 1976.[7] The race was brought to the mountain by Élie Wermelinger, the chief commissaire or referee.[8] He drove his Panhard Dyna car between snow banks that lined the road in March 1952, invited by a consortium of businesses who had opened hotels at the summit.[9] Their leader was Georges Rajon, who ran the Hotel Christina.[10] The ski station there opened in 1936. Wermelinger reported to the organiser, Jacques Goddet, and the Tour signed a contract with the businessmen to include the Alpe.[9] It cost them the modern equivalent of €3,250.[10]

That first Alpe d'Huez stage was won in 1952 by Fausto Coppi.[8] Coppi attacked 6 kilometres (3.7 miles) from the summit to rid himself of the French rider Jean Robic.[8][11] This was the year that motorcycle television crews first came to the Tour.[8] It was also the Tour's first mountain-top finish.[12] The veteran reporter, Jacques Augendre, said:

"The Tourmalet, the Galibier and the Izoard were the mythical mountains of the race. These three cols were supplanted by the Alpe d'Huez. Why? Because it's the col of modernity. Coppi's victory in 1952 was the symbol of a golden age of cycling, that of champions [such as] Coppi, Bartali, Kubler, Koblet, Bobet. But only Coppi and Armstrong and Carlos Sastre have been able to take the maillot jaune on the Alpe and to keep it to Paris. That's not by chance. From the first edition, shown on live television, the Alpe d'Huez definitively transformed the way the Grande Boucle ran. No other stage has had such drama. With its 21 bends, its gradient and the number of spectators, it is a climb in the style of Hollywood."[11]

Augendre omitted Laurent Fignon, who, along with Coppi and Armstrong, took yellow on the Alpe without winning the stage in 1983, 1984, and 1989. He held it into Paris in 1983 and 1984 but in 1989 he lost it on the final stage to Paris, a time trial, to Greg LeMond to finish second by 8", the closest finish in tour history.

After Coppi's win, the Alpe was dropped until 1964, when it was included as a mid-stage climb, and then again until 1976,[13] both times at Rajon's instigation.[10] The hairpin bends are named after the winners of stages. All hairpins had been named by the 22nd climb in 2001 so naming restarted at the bottom with Lance Armstrong's name added to Coppi's.

Stage 18 of the 2013 Tour de France included a double ascent of the climb, reaching 1,765 m (5,791 ft) on the first passage, and continuing to the traditional finish on the second.[14]

Only one rider has won the Alpe stage while in yellow, Geraint Thomas in the second of two back to back Alpine stage wins in 2018. He also held on to win the overall Tour.

French journalist and L'Equipe sportswriter Jean-Paul Vespini wrote a book about Alpe d'Huez and its role in the Tour de France: The Tour Is Won on the Alpe: Alpe d'Huez and the Classic Battles of the Tour de France.

Spectators[]

The Alpe has chaotic crowds of spectators. In 1999, Giuseppe Guerini won despite being knocked off by a spectator who stepped into his path to take a photograph. The 2004 individual time trial became chaotic when fans pushed riders toward the top. Attendance figures on the mountain have to be treated with caution. A million spectators were claimed for 1997. Eric Muller, the mayor of Alpe d'Huez, however, said there were 350,000 in 2001, four years later despite acceptance that the number rises every year. "We expect more than 400,000 for the centenary race in 2003", he said.[15] The author Tim Moore wrote:

As a variant on a sporting theme, Alpe d'Huez annoys the purists but enthrals the broader public, like 20/20 cricket or beach volleyball. Last year, a full-blown tent-stamping riot had required heavy police intervention. During this year's clean-up operation, down in a ravine with the bottle shards and dented emulsion tins, a body turned up. He'd fallen off the mountain and no one had noticed. When the Tour goes up Alpe d'Huez, it's a squalid, manic and sometimes lethal shambles, and that's just the way they like it. It's the Glastonbury Festival for cycling fans.[16]

Alpe d'Huez has been nicknamed the "Dutch Mountain",[17] since Dutchmen won eight of the first 14 finishes in le Tour De France. British author Geoffrey Nicholson wrote:

The attraction of opposites draws [Dutch spectators] from the Low Countries to the Alps each summer in any case. But all winter in the Netherlands coach companies offer two or three nights at Alpe d'Huez as a special feature of their alpine tours. And those Dutch families who don't come by coach, park their campers and pitch their tents along the narrow ledges beside the road like sea-birds nesting at St Kilda. The Dutch haven't adopted the Alpe d'Huez simply because it is sunny and agreeable, or even because the modern, funnel-shaped church, Notre Dame des Neiges, has a Dutch priest, Father Reuten (until a few years ago, it was used as a press room and was probably the only church in France where, for one day at least, there were ashtrays in the nave and a bar in the vestry, or where an organist was once asked to leave because he was disturbing the writers' concentration). No, what draws the Dutch to Alpe d'Huez is the remarkable run of success their riders have had there".[18]

Significant stages[]

1952: Jean Robic attacked at the start of the climb and only Fausto Coppi could stay with him. The two climbed together until Coppi attacked at bend five, four kilometres (2.5 miles) from the top. He won the stage, the lead in the general classification, and kept it till the end of the race.

1977: Lucien Van Impe, a Belgian rider leading the climbers' competition, broke clear on the Col du Glandon. He gained enough time to threaten the leader, Bernard Thévenet. He was still clear on the Alpe when a car drove into him. The time that Van Impe lost waiting for another wheel may have been enough to cost him the Yellow Jersey, as Thévenet and Hennie Kuiper charged on to the finish with Thévenet remaining in the lead by eight seconds over Kuiper.[19]

1978: Another Belgian leading the mountains race also came close to taking the yellow jersey as leader of the general classification. Michel Pollentier also finished alone, but he was caught soon afterwards defrauding a drugs control and was disqualified. Due to this disqualification Dutch rider Joop Zoetemelk, who finished 3rd on the stage and would have climbed to 2nd in the General Classification, took over the yellow jersey, but would lose it on the final time trial to Bernard Hinault. Zoetemelk has his name on two of the hairpin turns at Alp d'Huez being one of the select few riders to win this stage twice; once in 1976 and once in 1979.

1984: The Tour invited amateurs to take part in the 1980s. The best was Luis Herrera, who lived at 2,000 metres (6,600 feet) altitude in Colombia. None of the professionals could follow him. He won alone to the cacophony of broadcasters who had arrived to report his progress.

1986: Bernard Hinault said he would help Greg LeMond win the Tour but appeared to ride otherwise. The two crossed the line arm in arm in an apparent sign of truce creating a moment that has become one of the most iconic photographs in Tour history.

1997: Marco Pantani, who won on the Alpe two years earlier, attacked three times and only Jan Ullrich could match him. He lasted until 10 kilometres (6.2 miles) from the summit and Pantani rode on alone to win in what is often quoted as record speed (see below).

1999: Giuseppe Guerini, who broke away on his own, collided with a spectator but got up and went on to win the stage.

2001: Lance Armstrong feigned vulnerability earlier in the stage, appearing to be having an off-day. At the bottom of the Alpe d'Huez climb, Armstrong moved to the front of the lead group of riders and then looked back at Jan Ullrich. Armstrong later commented that he wasn't looking back at Ullrich but was actually looking back to see the position of his teammate Tyler Hamilton. Seeing no response from Ullrich, Armstrong accelerated away from the field to claim the victory, 1:59 ahead of Ullrich. Armstrong would later be stripped of this achievement and his tour win by his conviction for doping in 2012. His name however, is still honored on one of the 21 signs of previous winners, lining the hairpin turns of Alpe d'Huez.

2013: Christophe Riblon won the stage at the summit of Alpe d'Huez during the 100th edition of the Tour. For the first time ever, riders rode up the climb twice with the descent over the Col de Sarenne in between.

2018: Geraint Thomas, Tom Dumoulin, Chris Froome, Romain Bardet and Mikel Landa were able to catch Steven Kruijswijk, who had been on a 70 km solo attack, about 2/3 of the way up the climb and with about 500 meters to go Thomas dropped the remaining elite riders to become the first rider to win the Alpe d’Huez stage while wearing the yellow jersey.

Winners[]

Year Stage Start of stage Distance (km) Cat Stage winner Nationality Leader in general classification Bend
1952 10 Lausanne 266 1 Fausto Coppi  Italy Fausto Coppi 21
1976 9 Divonne-les-Bains 258 1 Joop Zoetemelk  Netherlands Lucien Van Impe 20
1977 17 Chamonix 184.5 1 Hennie Kuiper  Netherlands Bernard Thévenet 19
1978 16 Saint-Étienne 240.5 1 Hennie Kuiper  Netherlands Joop Zoetemelk 18
1979* 17 Les Menuires 166.5 HC Joaquim Agostinho  Portugal Bernard Hinault 17
1979* 18 Alpe d'Huez 118.5 HC Joop Zoetemelk  Netherlands Bernard Hinault 16
1981 19 Morzine 230.5 HC Peter Winnen  Netherlands Bernard Hinault 15
1982 16 Orcières-Merlette 123 HC Beat Breu   Switzerland Bernard Hinault 14
1983 17 La Tour-du-Pin 223 HC Peter Winnen  Netherlands Laurent Fignon 13
1984 17 Grenoble 151 HC Luis Herrera  Colombia Laurent Fignon 12
1986 18 Briançon–Serre Chevalier 182.5 HC Bernard Hinault  France Greg LeMond 11
1987 20 Villard-de-Lans 201 HC Federico Echave  Spain Pedro Delgado 10
1988 12 Morzine 227 HC Steven Rooks  Netherlands Pedro Delgado 9
1989 17 Briançon 165 HC Gert-Jan Theunisse  Netherlands Laurent Fignon 8
1990 11 Saint-Gervais–Mont Blanc 182.5 HC Gianni Bugno  Italy Ronan Pensec 7
1991 17 Gap 125 HC Gianni Bugno  Italy Miguel Indurain 6
1992 14 Sestrières 186.5 HC Andrew Hampsten  United States Miguel Indurain 5
1994 16 Valréas 224.5 HC Roberto Conti  Italy Miguel Indurain 4
1995 10 Aime–La Plagne 162.5 HC Marco Pantani  Italy Miguel Indurain 3
1997 13 Saint-Étienne 203.5 HC Marco Pantani  Italy Jan Ullrich
1999 10 Sestrières 220.5 HC Giuseppe Guerini  Italy Vacated[20] 1
2001 10 Aix-les-Bains 209 HC Vacated[20] François Simon 21
2003 8 Sallanches 219 HC Iban Mayo  Spain Vacated[20] 20
2004 16 Bourg-d'Oisans 15.5 (ITT) HC Vacated[20] 19
2006 15 Gap 187 HC Fränk Schleck  Luxembourg Óscar Pereiro 18
2008 17 Embrun 210.5 HC Carlos Sastre  Spain Carlos Sastre 17
2011 19 Modane 109.5 HC Pierre Rolland  France Andy Schleck 16
2013† 18 Gap 172.5 HC Christophe Riblon  France Chris Froome 15
2015 20 Modane Valfréjus 110.5 HC Thibaut Pinot  France Chris Froome 14
2018 12 Bourg-Saint-Maurice 169.5 HC Geraint Thomas  Great Britain Geraint Thomas 13

*In 1979 there were two stages at Alpe d'Huez.
† Stage 18 of the 2013 Tour climbed to Alpe d'Huez twice.[21] Moreno Moser was the leader at the first time over the summit.

Fastest ascents[]

Profile of Alpe d'Huez
Panorama of the famous 21 bends towards Alpe d'Huez with outline
Sign at Bend 16 on the climb to Alpe d'Huez
Alpe d'Huez in summer

The climb has been timed since 1994 so earlier times are subject to discussion. From 1994 to 1997 the climb was timed from 14.5 kilometres (9.0 miles) from the finish. Since 1999 photo-finish has been used from 14 kilometres (8.7 miles). Other times have been taken 13.8 kilometres (8.6 miles) from the summit, which is the start of the climb. Others have been taken from the junction 700 metres (2,300 feet) from the start.[22]

These variations have led to a debate. Pantani's 37m 35s has been cited by Procycling and World Cycling Productions, publisher of Tour de France DVDs, and by Cycle Sport. In a biography of Pantani,[23] Matt Rendell notes Pantani at: 1994 – 38m 0s; 1995 – 38m 4s; 1997 – 37m 35s. The Alpe tourist association describes the climb as 14.454 kilometres (8.981 miles) and lists Pantani's 37m 35s (23.08 km/h) as the record.[24]

Other sources give Pantani's times from 1994, 1995 and 1997 as the fastest, based on timings adjusted for the 13.8 kilometres (8.6 miles).[25] Such sources list Pantani's time in 1995 as the record at 36m 40s. In Blazing Saddles, Rendell has changed his view and listed it as 36m 50s[26] as does CyclingNews.[24] Second, third, and fourth fastest are Pantani in 1997 (36m 55s), Pantani in 1994 (37m 15s) and Lance Armstrong in 2004 (37m 36s). Jan Ullrich's time in 1997 (37m 41s) makes him the fifth fastest, highlighting how the 1990s had faster ascents than other eras.

A number of cycling publications cite times prior to 1994, although distances are typically not included, making comparisons difficult. Coppi has been listed with 45m 22s for 1952.[25]

In the 1980s Gert-Jan Theunisse, Pedro Delgado, Luis Herrera, and Laurent Fignon rode in times stated to be faster than Coppi's, but still not breaking 40m. Greg LeMond and Bernard Hinault have been reported as having the times of 48m 0s in 1986.[27]

It was not until Gianni Bugno and Miguel Indurain in 1991, that times faster than 40m were reported, including in the 39m range for Bjarne Riis in 1995 and Richard Virenque in 1997.

Ascent times[]

Some times based on 14.454 km[clarification needed] according to Matt Rendell's first book, other times based on 13.8 km.

Rank Time Name Year Nationality
01† 37' 35" (14.5 km) Marco Pantani 1997  Italy
02*† 37' 36" (13.8 km) Lance Armstrong 2004  United States
03† 38' 00" (14.5 km) Marco Pantani 1994  Italy
04† 38' 01" (13.8 km) Lance Armstrong 2001  United States
05† 38' 04" (14.5 km) Marco Pantani 1995  Italy
06† 38' 23" (14.5 km) Jan Ullrich 1997  Germany
07† 38' 34" (13.8 km) Floyd Landis 2006  United States
08 38' 35" (13.8 km) Andreas Klöden 2006  Germany
09*† 38' 37" (13.8 km) Jan Ullrich 2004  Germany
10† 39' 02" (14.5 km) Richard Virenque 1997  France

* The 2004 stage was an individual time trial.

†Lance Armstrong, and Floyd Landis admitted to doping and had the Tour de France titles withdrawn. Jan Ullrich also admitted to doping, Marco Pantani also had a confirmed hematocrit level over 50 in 1999 and Virenque was implicated in what, at the time, was the biggest doping scandal in Tour history.

Based on 13.8 km [28]

Rank Time Name Year Country
1 36' 50" Marco Pantani 1995  Italy
2 36' 55" Marco Pantani 1997  Italy
3 37' 15" Marco Pantani 1994  Italy
4 37' 36" Lance Armstrong 2004  United States
5 37' 41" Jan Ullrich 1997  Germany
6 38' 00" Lance Armstrong 2001  United States
7 38' 10" Miguel Indurain 1995  Spain
7 38' 10" Alex Zülle 1995   Switzerland
8 38' 12" Bjarne Riis 1995  Denmark
9 38' 22" Richard Virenque 1997  France
10 38' 36" Floyd Landis 2006  United States
10 38' 36" Andreas Klöden 2006  Germany
11 38' 40" Jan Ullrich 2004  Germany
12 38' 44" Laurent Madouas 1995  France
13 38' 55" Richard Virenque 1994  France
14 39' 01" Carlos Sastre 2006  Spain
15 39' 06" Iban Mayo 2003  Spain
16 39' 12" Andreas Klöden 2004  Germany
17 39' 14" José Azevedo 2004  Portugal
18 39' 15" Levi Leipheimer 2006  United States
19 39' 22" Francesco Casagrande 1997  Italy
19 39' 22" Nairo Quintana 2015  Colombia
20 39' 23" Bjarne Riis 1997  Denmark
21 39' 30" Miguel Indurain 1994  Spain
21 39' 30" Luc Leblanc 1994  France
22 39' 31" Carlos Sastre 2008  Spain
23 39' 37" Vladimir Poulnikov 1994  Ukraine
24 39' 40" Giuseppe Guerini 2004  Italy
25 39' 41" Santos González 2004  Spain
25 39' 41" Vladimir Karpets 2004  Russia
26 39' 45" Gianni Bugno 1991  Italy
26 39' 45" Miguel Indurain 1991  Spain
27 39' 46" Luc Leblanc 1991  France
28 39' 47" Denis Menchov 2006  Russia
28 39' 47" Michael Rasmussen 2006  Spain
28 39' 47" Pietro Caucchioli 2006  Italy
29 39' 50" Nairo Quintana 2013  Colombia
30 39' 52" Claudio Chiappucci 1995  Italy
30 39' 52" Paolo Lanfranchi 1995  Italy
31 39' 53" Joaquim Rodriguez 2013  Spain
32 39' 54" Beat Zberg 1997   Switzerland
32 39' 54" Udo Bölts 1997  Germany
32 39' 54" Roberto Conti 1997  Italy
32 39' 54" Laurent Madouas 1997  France
33 39' 56" David Moncoutié 2006  France
34 39' 57" Carlos Sastre 2004  Spain
35 39' 58" Tony Rominger 1995   Switzerland
35 39' 58" Stéphane Goubert 2004  France
35 39' 58" Ivan Basso 2004  Italy
36 39' 59" Jan Ullrich 2001  Germany
37 40' 01" Piotr Ugrumov 1994  Latvia
37 40' 01" Alex Zülle 1994   Switzerland
37 40' 01" Pavel Tonkov 1995  Russia

Other cycle races[]

The peak is also finish of La Marmotte, a one-day, 175 km (109 mi) ride with 5,000 m (16,400 ft) of climbing.

Mountain biking[]

The resort caters for mountain bikers during the summer months, the pinnacle of which is the Megavalanche, a 'Downhill Enduro' Event that takes riders from lift station at the highest peak, Pic Blanc, to Allemont in the valley floor.

Triathlon[]

Since 2006 Cyrille Neveu has organized the Triathlon EDF Alpe d'Huez, which has become a major summer attraction.

International relations[]

See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in France

Twin towns – Sister cities[]

Alpe d'Huez is twinned with:

  • Italy Bormio, Italy, since 2005.

See also[]

References[]

  1. ^ Bailly-Maître, Marie-Christine. "L'agglomération minière de Brandes (Huez-Isère)" [The mining community of Brandes (Huez-Isère)]. Laboratoire d'archéologie médiévale et moderne en Méditerranée (in French).
  2. ^ Base Mérimée: PA00125738, Ministère français de la Culture. (in French)
  3. ^ Bailly-Maître, Marie-Christine; Dupraz, Joëlle (1994). Brandes en Oisans, La mine d'argent des Dauphins (12e-14e siecles) [Brandes en Oisans, the silver mine of the dauphins (12th-14th centuries)] (in French). Lyon. Isère, DARA.
  4. ^ Bailly-Maitre (M.-Ch); Gonon (Th.) (April 2006). L'exploitation de la chalcopyrite à l'Âge du Bronze dans le massif des Rousses en Oisans (Isère) [The exploitation of chalcopyrite in the Bronze Age in the Massif des Rousses in Oisans (Isère)]. actes du 131e congrès national des sociétés historiques et scientifiques, Tradition et innovation (in French). Grenoble: CTHS. pp. 207–223. 2008.
  5. ^ "Alpe d'Huez Ski Resort Review". Snowplace. Retrieved 22 July 2021.
  6. ^ Jump up to: a b c d 1968 Winter Olympics official report. Archived 26 February 2008 at the Wayback Machine pp. 104–105. (in English and French) – accessed 27 February 2008.
  7. ^ Jump up to: a b "L'Alpe-d'Huez dans le Tour de France" (in French). ledicodutour. Retrieved 19 July 2013.
  8. ^ Jump up to: a b c d Vélo, France, June 2004
  9. ^ Jump up to: a b Chany, Pierre (1988), La Fabuleuse Histoire du Tour de France, Nathan, France
  10. ^ Jump up to: a b c Procycling, UK, August 2002
  11. ^ Jump up to: a b L'Équipe Magazine, 17 July 2004
  12. ^ L'Équipe Magazine, 20 July 2002
  13. ^ Cycling Weekly, UK, November 2001
  14. ^ "Stage 18: Gap / Alpe-d'Huez". 2013 Tour de France. Le Tour de France. Archived from the original on 11 July 2013. Retrieved 19 July 2013.
  15. ^ Journal du Dimanche, France, 13 July 2003
  16. ^ Procycling, UK, September 2004
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