Ammonium metavanadate

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Ammonium vanadate
Ammonium vanadate
Photo of a sample of ammonium vanadate
Names
IUPAC name
Ammonium trioxovanadate(V)
Other names
Ammonium vanadate
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.029.329 Edit this at Wikidata
RTECS number
  • YWD875000
UNII
  • InChI=1S/H3N.3O.V/h1H3;;;;/q;;;;-1/p+1 checkY
    Key: UXJVWJGDHIZPLD-UHFFFAOYSA-O checkY
  • InChI=1/H3N.3O.V/h1H3;;;;/q;;;;- 1/p+1/rH3N.O3V/c;1-4(2)3/h1H3;/q;-1/p+1
    Key: UXJVWJGDHIZPLD-KKTKNITLAZ
  • [NH4+].O=[V-](=O)=O
Properties
NH4VO3
Molar mass 116.98 g/mol
Appearance white
Density 2.326 g/cm3
Melting point decomposes > 70 °C (158 °F; 343 K)
Boiling point decomposes
Solubility diethanolamine, ethanolamine
Hazards
Main hazards possible mutagen, dangerous for the environment
GHS labelling:
GHS06: ToxicGHS08: Health hazard
Signal word
 Danger
H301, H332, H340, H361, H370, H372, H412
P201, P202, P260, P261, P264, P270, P271, P273, P281, P301+P310, P304+P312, P304+P340, P307+P311, P308+P313, P312, P314, P321, P330, P405, P501
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
4
0
0
Flash point Non-flammable
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LD50 (median dose)
 58.1 mg/kg, oral (rat)
Related compounds
Other anions
Other cations
 Sodium metavanadate
Related compounds
 Vanadium pentoxide
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
checkY  (what is checkY☒N ?)
Infobox references

Ammonium metavanadate is the inorganic compound with the formula NH4VO3. It is a white salt, although samples are often yellow owing to impurities of V2O5. It is an important intermediate in the purification of vanadium.[1]

Synthesis and structure[]

The compound is prepared by the addition of ammonium salts to solutions of vanadate ions, generated by dissolution of V2O5 in basic aqueous solutions, such as hot sodium carbonate. The compound precipitates as a colourless solid.[2][3] This precipitation step can be slow.

The compound adopts a polymeric structure consisting of chains of [VO3]-, formed as corner-sharing VO4 tetrahedra. These chains are interconnected via hydrogen bonds with ammonium ions.[4]

Ammonium-metavanadate-3D-balls.png Ammonium-metavanadate-3D-polyhedra.png Ammonium-metavanadate-chains-3D.png
ball-and-stick model polyhedral model [(VO3)n]n− chains

Uses[]

Vanadium is often purified from aqueous extracts of slags and ore by selective precipitation of ammonium metavanadate. The material is then roasted to give vanadium pentoxide:[1]

2 NH4VO3 → V2O5 + 2 NH3 + H2O

Other[]

Vanadates can behave as structural mimics of phosphates, and in this way they exhibit biological activity.[5][6]

Ammonium metavanadate is used to prepare Mandelin reagent, a qualitative test for alkaloids.

References[]

  1. ^ a b Günter Bauer, Volker Güther, Hans Hess, Andreas Otto, Oskar Roidl, Heinz Roller, Siegfried Sattelberger "Vanadium and Vanadium Compounds" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 2005, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim. doi:10.1002/14356007.a27_367
  2. ^ G. Brauer "Ammonium Metavanadate" in Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry, 2nd Ed. Edited by G. Brauer, Academic Press, 1963, NY. Vol. 1. p. 1272.
  3. ^ Robert H. Baker, Harry Zimmerman, R. N. Maxson "Ammonium Metavanadate" Inorganic Syntheses, 1950, Vol. 3, 117-118. doi:10.1002/9780470132340.ch30
  4. ^ Vladimír Syneček and František Hanic (1954). "The crystal structure of ammonium metavanadate". Czechoslovak Journal of Physics. 4 (2): 120–129. Bibcode:1954CzJPh...4..120S. doi:10.1007/BF01687750.
  5. ^ Korbecki, Jan; Baranowska-Bosiacka, Irena; Gutowska, Izabela; Chlubek, Dariusz "Biochemical and medical importance of vanadium compounds" Acta Biochimica Polonica 2012, vol. 59, pp. 195-200.
  6. ^ Crans, D. C.; Chatterjee, P. B. "Vanadium Biochemistry" Reedijk, Jan; Poeppelmeier, Kenneth, Eds. Comprehensive Inorganic Chemistry II (2013), 3, 323-342. doi:10.1016/B978-0-08-097774-4.00324-7
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