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The subfamily was erected in 2020 by Hendrickx et al., who defined it as all traversodontids more closely related to Arctotraversodon plemmyridon than to Massetognathus pascuali or Gomphodontosuchus brasiliensis.[1] In their cladistic analysis, they found Arctotraversodontinae to be the sister taxon of the subfamily Gomphodontosuchinae. Below is a cladogram from that analysis:[1]
^ abcHendrickx, C.; Gaetano, L. C.; Choiniere, J. N.; Mocke, H.; Abdala, F. (2020). "A new traversodontid cynodont with a peculiar postcanine dentition from the Middle/Late Triassic of Namibia and dental evolution in basal gomphodonts". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 18 (20): 1669–1706. doi:10.1080/14772019.2020.1804470.
