Baddeck
Baddeck
Abadek Canadian Gaelic: Badaig | |
|---|---|
Village | |
 The Kidston Island Lighthouse which also appears on the village seal. | |
  Baddeck Location of Baddeck, Nova Scotia | |
| Coordinates: 46°06′0″N 60°45′15″W / 46.10000°N 60.75417°WCoordinates: 46°06′0″N 60°45′15″W / 46.10000°N 60.75417°W | |
| Country |  Canada |
| Province |  Nova Scotia |
| Municipality | Victoria County |
| Incorporated | 1908 |
| Government | |
| • Type | Village commission |
| Area | |
| • Land | 2.08 km2 (0.80 sq mi) |
| Highest elevation | 67 m (220 ft) |
| Lowest elevation | 0 m (0 ft) |
| Population | |
| • Total | 826 |
| • Density | 369.1/km2 (956/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC−4 (AST) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC−3 (ADT) |
| Canadian Postal Code | B0E 1B0 |
| Area code(s) | 902 |
| Telephone Exchange | 295 |
| NTS Map | 011K02 |
| GNBC Code | CABFY |
| Website | countyvictoria.ns.ca/ baddeck.html |
Baddeck (/bəˈdɛk/) is a village in northeastern Nova Scotia, Canada. It is situated in the centre of Cape Breton, where the Baddeck River empties into Bras d'Or Lake.
Local governance is provided by the rural municipality of Victoria County, with an elected village council having limited authority. The population was 826 in the 2016 Canadian census.[2]
It was first settled by United Empire Loyalists in the late 1700s, and prospered in the 1800s with mining, milling, and shipbuilding.[3] Today the economy depends on services, cultural activities, and tourism.
Toponymy[]
Baddeck is one of the few Nova Scotian Mi'kmaq language place names that was not replaced by colonial settlers.[4] The French called it La Bedeque, while Canadian Gaelic speakers called it Badaig.[4] Its original meaning has been variously reported as "reversing flow",[4] "place with island near" (a likely reference to Kidston Island),[5] "a portion of food set aside for someone", or "a sultry place".[6]
History[]
French Jesuits settled at nearby St. Anns in 1629. British settlement came during the 1700s after the territory was ceded by France.
In 1839, a property containing an inn, a tavern, and a post office was built. In 1841, Charles James Campbell opened a store began shipbuilding, and developed coal mining.
In 1851 Victoria County was split off from Cape Breton county and Baddeck became the site for the new county's jail and court house.
Baddeck rose to fame in 1874, with the publication of the travel memoir Baddeck, And That Sort of Thing.
In 1885 the Alexander Graham Bell family had a vacation in Baddeck.[7] He then build a complex of buildings, including a new laboratory,[7] named Beinn Bhreagh (Gaelic: beautiful mountain) after Bell's ancestral Scottish highlands.[8] Initially a summer residence, Bell spent an increasing part of the year there, and conducted many experiments, including the AEA Silver Dart's first controlled powered flight in Canada in 1909. From 1885 to 1928 the estate included the Bell Boatyard which made both experimental and traditional boats. The yard was notable for its dual focus on both experimental and traditional boats and for its employment of large numbers of female boatbuilders.[9]
Bell is commemorated at the Alexander Graham Bell National Historic Site.
Geography[]
The area sits on rocks from the Carboniferous Windsor Group. These include rock salt, limestone, potash, and gypsum, which are easily dissolved by groundwater and creates caves and sinkholes.[10]
Climate[]
Baddeck experiences a humid continental climate (Dfb). The highest temperature ever recorded in Baddeck was 36.7 °C (98 °F) on 22 August 1935. The coldest temperature ever recorded was −32.2 °C (−26 °F) on 11 February 1883.[11]
| hideClimate data for Baddeck (Alexander Graham Bell National Historic Site), 1981–2010 normals, extremes 1875–2016 | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 17.0 (62.6) |
12.2 (54.0) |
23.5 (74.3) |
25.6 (78.1) |
30.6 (87.1) |
33.9 (93.0) |
35.0 (95.0) |
36.7 (98.1) |
33.0 (91.4) |
28.9 (84.0) |
22.8 (73.0) |
17.2 (63.0) |
36.7 (98.1) |
| Average high °C (°F) | −1.1 (30.0) |
−1.1 (30.0) |
2.2 (36.0) |
7.3 (45.1) |
14.0 (57.2) |
19.0 (66.2) |
23.0 (73.4) |
23.1 (73.6) |
19.1 (66.4) |
12.9 (55.2) |
7.1 (44.8) |
2.0 (35.6) |
10.6 (51.1) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −5.4 (22.3) |
−5.8 (21.6) |
−2.3 (27.9) |
3.2 (37.8) |
9.0 (48.2) |
13.9 (57.0) |
18.1 (64.6) |
18.5 (65.3) |
14.6 (58.3) |
8.9 (48.0) |
3.8 (38.8) |
−1.5 (29.3) |
6.3 (43.3) |
| Average low °C (°F) | −9.6 (14.7) |
−10.5 (13.1) |
−6.8 (19.8) |
−0.9 (30.4) |
4.0 (39.2) |
8.7 (47.7) |
13.3 (55.9) |
13.7 (56.7) |
10.0 (50.0) |
4.8 (40.6) |
0.5 (32.9) |
−4.9 (23.2) |
1.9 (35.4) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −29.0 (−20.2) |
−32.2 (−26.0) |
−31.1 (−24.0) |
−15.6 (3.9) |
−7.2 (19.0) |
−5.6 (21.9) |
−1.1 (30.0) |
1.7 (35.1) |
−2.2 (28.0) |
−5.6 (21.9) |
−14.0 (6.8) |
−22.2 (−8.0) |
−32.2 (−26.0) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 155.0 (6.10) |
125.6 (4.94) |
128.6 (5.06) |
125.8 (4.95) |
104.0 (4.09) |
104.8 (4.13) |
97.5 (3.84) |
107.2 (4.22) |
127.8 (5.03) |
137.1 (5.40) |
155.0 (6.10) |
166.3 (6.55) |
1,534.7 (60.42) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 73.3 (2.89) |
59.1 (2.33) |
79.7 (3.14) |
106.5 (4.19) |
103.0 (4.06) |
104.8 (4.13) |
97.5 (3.84) |
107.2 (4.22) |
127.8 (5.03) |
136.0 (5.35) |
132.5 (5.22) |
95.4 (3.76) |
1,222.6 (48.13) |
| Average snowfall cm (inches) | 81.7 (32.2) |
66.6 (26.2) |
48.9 (19.3) |
19.4 (7.6) |
1.0 (0.4) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
1.1 (0.4) |
22.5 (8.9) |
71.0 (28.0) |
312.0 (122.8) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.2 mm) | 19.5 | 14.7 | 14.3 | 14.8 | 13.8 | 13.0 | 12.8 | 13.2 | 14.3 | 16.8 | 20.1 | 20.1 | 187.3 |
| Average rainy days (≥ 0.2 mm) | 7.5 | 6.0 | 8.5 | 12.6 | 13.8 | 13.0 | 12.8 | 13.2 | 14.3 | 16.4 | 16.4 | 9.8 | 144.3 |
| Average snowy days (≥ 0.2 cm) | 14.6 | 10.6 | 7.2 | 3.5 | 0.26 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.47 | 4.8 | 12.4 | 53.9 |
| Source: Environment Canada[11][12][13] | |||||||||||||
Attractions[]
Baddeck is one of several Cape Breton communities that plays host to the Celtic Colours festival each fall. The music festival features hundreds of Celtic musicians from Cape Breton and around the world.[14]
In the spring, the village hosts the Cabot Trail Relay Race, a 298 km (185-mile) relay race around the Cabot Trail.[14][15]
The Cabot Trail, a scenic route, passes through Baddeck.
Historic structures in the town include:
- Telegraph House hotel, 1861, first came to prominence after it was featured in the 1874 book Baddeck, And That Sort of Thing.[16] It once housed the Trans-Oceanic Cable Company, a pioneer in telegraphy.
- Saint Peter's and Saint John's Anglican Church, 1883, wooden Gothic Revival church.
- Gilbert H. Grosvenor Hall, 1886, Romanesque Revival structure of local red sandstone, originally built as the Baddeck Post Office and Custom House.
- Victoria County Court House, 1889, Neoclassical wood and granite building.
- Bras d'Or House, circa 1894, heavily remodelled, now houses apartments and a Chinese restaurant.
- St. Mark's Masonic Lodge, 1898, built in the style of a church, featuring elaborate architectural and Masonic details, many of which now covered with vinyl siding.
- Kidston Island Lighthouse, 1912, accessible by ferry in the summer.
Education[]
Baddeck Academy: primary to grade 12 school serving Baddeck and the surrounding communities.
Services[]
See also[]
- People from Baddeck
Gallery[]
Women workers at Bell's shipyard
Victoria County Court House
Telegraph House
Old post office and customs house
Alexander and Mabel Bell statue
References[]
- ^ Canada, Government of Canada, Statistics. "Statistics Canada: 2011 Census Profile". 12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 26 November 2017.
- ^ "Census Profile, 2016 Census - Baddeck, Class IV area [Designated place], Nova Scotia and Nova Scotia [Province]". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Statistics Canada. 8 February 2017. Retrieved 13 July 2021.
- ^ McInnis, Peter; Macdonald, Heather. "Baddeck". www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca. The Canadian Encyclopedia. Retrieved 13 July 2021.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c Kemp, Emma. "Toponomy and Cultural Landscape in Central Cape Breton, Unama'kik, and Cheap Breattain" (PDF). Saint Mary's University. Retrieved 13 July 2021.
- ^ "History of Baddeck". visitbaddeck.com. Retrieved 13 July 2021.
- ^ "Place-names of the province of Nova Scotia (1922), by Thomas J Brown". Royal Print & Litho., Halifax, N.S. Retrieved 26 April 2012.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Bethune, Jocelyn. Historic Baddeck: Images of our past, Nimbus Publishing, Halifax, N.S., 2009, ISBN 1-55109-706-0, ISBN 978-1-55109-706-0.
- ^ Tulloch, Judith (2006). The Bell Family in Baddeck: Alexander Graham Bell and Mabel Bell in Cape Breton. Halifax: Formac Publishing. ISBN 978-0-88780-713-8.
- ^ Rick McGraw, "Alexander Graham Bell (1847-1922) the Boat Builder", Classic Boat Spring 2012, Issue 113, p. 24
- ^ "GEOLOGICALLY SIGNIFICANT SITES IN NOVA SCOTIA". notyourgrandfathersmining.ca. Retrieved 14 July 2021.
- ^ Jump up to: a b "Baddeck, Nova Scotia". Canadian Climate Normals 1981–2010. Environment Canada. Retrieved 12 April 2015.
- ^ "Baddeck Bell". Canadian Climate Data. Environment Canada. Retrieved 4 July 2016.
- ^ "Daily Data Report for September 2001". Canadian Climate Data. Environment Canada. Retrieved 4 July 2016.
- ^ Jump up to: a b "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 25 May 2012. Retrieved 14 April 2012.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- ^ "Cabot Trail Relay Race". Retrieved 14 April 2012.
- ^ Warner, Charles Dudley (1891). Baddeck, And that Sort of Thing (14 ed.). Boston: houghton, Mifflin and Company. Retrieved 30 April 2012.
External links[]
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Baddeck, Nova Scotia. |
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Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Baddeck. |
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- Villages in Nova Scotia
- Communities in Victoria County, Nova Scotia
- Designated places in Nova Scotia