Black helicopter

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For other uses, see Black helicopter (disambiguation).

Unmarked black helicopters have been described in conspiracy theories since the 1970s

The black helicopter is a symbol of an alleged conspiratorial military takeover of the United States in the American militia movement, and has also been associated with UFOs,[1] especially in the UK,[2] men in black, and similar conspiracies.[2][3][4]

Overview[]

Stories of black helicopters first appeared in the 1970s, and were linked to reports of cattle mutilation.[5][6] It is possible that the idea originated in Hal Lindsey's book The Late, Great Planet Earth, published in 1970 and popular among conspiracy theorists. Lindsey conjectured that the locust-like creatures referenced in the Book of Revelation in the New Testament were actually helicopters, which John had never seen and thus did not know how to describe.[7]

Jim Keith wrote two books on the subject: Black Helicopters Over America: Strikeforce for the New World Order (1995), and Black Helicopters II: The End Game Strategy (1998).

Media attention to black helicopters increased in February 1995, when first-term Republican northern Idaho Representative Helen Chenoweth charged that armed federal agents were landing black helicopters on Idaho ranchers' property to enforce the Endangered Species Act. "I have never seen them", Chenoweth said in an interview in The New York Times. "But enough people in my district have become concerned that I can't just ignore it. We do have some proof."[8]

Believers in UFO conspiracy theories often claim unmarked black helicopters are seen in the vicinity of UFO sightings, the supposition being that the helicopters belong to an alleged secretive government department who cover up evidence of alien visits and UFOs from the general public.[3]

The black helicopters conjecture resonates well with the belief held by some in the militia movement that troops from the United Nations might invade the United States. The John Birch Society published an article in The New American detailing how the existence of the covert aircraft was mostly the product of possible visual errors and a tendency towards overabundant caution.[9]

Documented usage[]

Sikorsky UH-60 Black Hawk helicopters flying in Iraq.
The US Customs and Border Protection organization uses black UH-60 Sikorsky helicopters

The following organizations and government agencies are known to operate black and/or unmarked helicopters in the United States for unclassified uses:

  • U.S. Customs and Border Protection operates a dozen black-and-gold UH-60 Black Hawk helicopters.[10]
  • The U.S. Army's 160th Special Operations Aviation Regiment use helicopters primarily painted black and other US Forces operate helicopters painted in black or dark colors, particularly the Pave Low, which was optimized for long-range stealthy insertion and extraction of personnel, including combat search and rescue. The U.S. Army regularly conducts both exercises and operational missions in American airspace. Some of these exercises have taken place in densely populated cities, including Los Angeles, New York, Detroit, San Francisco, New Orleans,[11] Oakland, Chicago,[12] and Washington, D.C. Most operational missions are tasked with narcotics interdiction in the American Southwest and out of Florida and Puerto Rico. By extensive use of IR, radar, GPS and night vision devices, as well as other classified means, they are able to fly in zero visibility conditions with no running lights.[citation needed] Frequent practice results in frequent sightings by concerned members of the public.
  • In the early 1970s, Air America (a former dummy corporation airline covertly operated on behalf of the CIA under the cover of a private commercial venture) conducted test flights of two highly modified black Hughes OH-6 Cayuse helicopters at Culver City, California.[13] After the mission assigned to it had been completed, one helicopter was transferred to the ownership of the Pacific Corporation of Washington, D.C.[13] The second helicopter currently flies for the Snohomish County Sheriff's Office in Washington State.[better source needed][14]
  • Many defense contractors and helicopter manufacturers also conduct public flight testing of aircraft and components or fly aircraft in public view to test ranges or other corporate airfields for training or demonstrations. Occasionally, some of these aircraft will be made for military clients and are painted in black or dark colors.[citation needed]
  • Many US law enforcement agencies use black helicopters for surveillance, transportation, and patrol. Some of the agencies that use them are U.S. Customs and Border Protection,[15] Immigration and Customs Enforcement, the U.S. Marshals Service, the Drug Enforcement Administration, and the Federal Bureau of Investigation.[16]

Pejorative term[]

The term has also been used to ridicule other conspiracy theories or conspiracy theorists:

  • In 2007, a Slate article on basketball refereeing, said: "In the wake of this scandal, every game will be in question, and not only by fans disposed to seeing black helicopters outside the arena."[17]
  • In 2013, Vice President Joe Biden had recourse to the term in a speech responding to the National Rifle Association during the White House campaign for background checks on all gun purchasers, saying, "The black helicopter crowd is really upset. It's kind of scary, man."[18]
  • In 2018, the United States Department of Homeland Security proposed a database to monitor the activities of journalists, bloggers and other “media influencers". In response to concerns, DHS's spokesman said, "Despite what some reporters may suggest, this is nothing more than the standard practice of monitoring current events in the media. Any suggestion otherwise is fit for tin foil hat-wearing, black helicopter conspiracy theorists."[19]
  • In 2020, Governor of Florida Ron DeSantis, in a public appearance with U.S. Vice President Mike Pence, pushed back on critics of his administration in its handling of the COVID-19 pandemic, saying, "We succeeded, and I think that people just don't want to recognize it, because it challenges their narrative, it challenges their assumption, so they got to try to find a boogeyman – maybe it's that there are black helicopters circling the Department of Health. If you believe that, um, I got a bridge in Brooklyn to sell you."[20][21][22]

Fictional representations[]

  • Escape from New York is a 1981 film where the United States is portrayed as a complete police state by 1997. The United States Police Force use black helicopters to patrol the border walls of Manhattan island, now a prison penal colony. The USPF are shown using the helicopters to perform extractions, surveillance, and kill inmates attempting to escape. In the 1996 sequel, Escape from L.A., the USPF helicopters are more futuristic in form and function with folding rotors that retract into the top after a landing.
  • Blue Thunder, a film where a police officer is assigned as the test pilot of an advanced, dark colored armed helicopter intended for anti-terrorism duties. He then discovers a conspiracy to stir up riots in urban ghettos as a pretext for declaring a national emergency in order to establish a dictatorship, using such helicopters to subdue the population.
  • Airwolf, a television series where an intelligence agency known only as 'The Firm' uses an advanced dark colored armed helicopter to conduct espionage missions both abroad and within the United States.
  • Amerika, a television miniseries in which the Soviet Union has taken over the United States under the pretext of a United Nations peacekeeping mission and uses black painted armed helicopters to intimidate the local population and destroy all resistance to their rule.
  • Deus Ex, a game where the protagonist uses a black helicopter as a primary means of transport.
  • The X-Files: Fight the Future is a 1998 feature film written by Chris Carter and Frank Spotnitz. Black helicopters feature when they chase the central characters Fox Mulder and Dana Scully who have discovered a storage facility for honey bees which have been genetically engineered to carry an extraterrestrial virus. The unmarked black helicopters also play a key role in the finale episodes of season two and nine of the television series, involving the Cigarette Smoking Man.
  • Weird Al Yankovic mentions "black helicopters coming 'cross the border" in his song "Foil", a parody of Lorde's song "Royals", which starts as an advertisement for aluminum foil and devolves into a conspiracy rant.
  • Capricorn One: After astronauts Robert Caulfield and Charles Brubaker escape from a U.S. government facility where they were being forced to fake the titular Mars landing, they are pursued by a pair of menacing black helicopters.[23]
  • The Secret World: Black helicopters with red–tinted canopies owned by the shadowy Orochi Group appear at multiple points in the game, most notably in the Kingsmouth Town area, which includes a quest called "Black Helicopters".

See also[]

References[]

  1. ^ Brodie, Lee (2010-02-04). "Behind The Sell-Off: Is That A Black Helicopter?". CNBC. Retrieved 2020-11-30.
  2. ^ Jump up to: a b "History's greatest conspiracy theories". The Telegraph. 2016-03-16. ISSN 0307-1235. Retrieved 2020-11-24.
  3. ^ Jump up to: a b Austin, Jon (29 December 2016). "UFO MYSTERY: Fifteen black helicopters seen 'flying towards location of bizarre sighting'". Daily Express. London. Retrieved 17 July 2018.
  4. ^ Brodie, Lee (2010-02-04). "Behind The Sell-Off: Is That A Black Helicopter?". CNBC. Retrieved 2020-11-30.
  5. ^ Barkun, Michael; Barkun, Professor of Political Science Michael (2003-11-07). A Culture of Conspiracy: Apocalyptic Visions in Contemporary America. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-23805-3.
  6. ^ Ciaccia, Chris (2019-09-20). "Area 51: Top conspiracy theories about the secret military base". Fox News. Retrieved 2020-11-30.
  7. ^ Hal Lindsey, The Father of Apocalyptic Christian Zionism Archived January 26, 2012, at the Wayback Machine
  8. ^ Priorities - May/June 1996 - Sierra Magazine - Sierra ClubArchived October 25, 2008, at the Wayback Machine
  9. ^ The Paranoid and the Paramilitary Archived April 18, 2007, at the Wayback Machine
  10. ^ Hastert Leads Congressional Delegation On Border Tour - Jamd at www.viewimages.com
  11. ^ "U.S. Special Forces behind last month's training in New Orleans, military confirms". nola.com. The Times-Picayune. Retrieved 17 April 2012.
  12. ^ "Blackhawks Circle Low Through Chicago Skies as Secret Service Releases Security Details". Fox News Releases. WFLD. Archived from the original on April 19, 2012. Retrieved 17 April 2012.
  13. ^ Jump up to: a b Chiles, James L (March 1, 2008). "Air America's Black Helicopter: The secret aircraft that helped the CIA tap phones in North Vietnam". Air & Space Magazine. Archived from the original on March 21, 2008. Retrieved 3 June 2019.
  14. ^ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=poMJ5PCDPYo
  15. ^ Smith, Oli (5 February 2018). "Super Bowl terror fears: Black Hawk helicopters SPOTTED over stadium amid FBI presence". Express. Retrieved 16 July 2018.
  16. ^ "The FBI is Home to Some of the Baddest Special Ops Aviators Around". The Tactical Air Network. 23 November 2015. Retrieved 16 July 2018.
  17. ^ If the Ref Did It, Here's How It Happened, Slate, July 23, 2007 Archived October 1, 2007, at the Wayback Machine
  18. ^ Trotter, J.K. (April 9, 2013). "Biden Directly Confronts NRA and 'Black Helicopter Crowd' as Gun Deal Looms". The Wire.
  19. ^ Staff, Sun Times (April 7, 2018). "Homeland Security to compile database of journalists and 'media influencers'". Chicago Sun-Times.
  20. ^ "Ron DeSantis Interview Transcript – Governor Takes Shots at Media Over Coronavirus Predictions". TRANSCRIPT: Ron DeSantis Interview Transcript – Governor Takes Shots at Media Over Coronavirus Predictions. Rev.com.
  21. ^ Wulfsohn, Joseph A. (20 May 2020). "Gov. Ron DeSantis blasts media for pushing 'partisan narrative' amid positive virus response in FL". FoxNews.com. Retrieved 20 May 2020.
  22. ^ Sy, Stephanie (20 May 2020). "All 50 states partially reopen as CDC quietly releases its guidelines". pbs.org/newshour. Retrieved 20 May 2020.
  23. ^ Hyams, Peter (director) (June 2, 1977). Capricorn One (Motion picture). United States: Warner Brothers.

External links[]

Media related to black helicopters at Wikimedia Commons

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