Condylostoma

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Condylostoma
FMIB 40855 Condylostoma patens.jpeg
Condylostoma patens
Scientific classification
Domain:
Eukaryota
(unranked):
SAR
(unranked):
Alveolata
Phylum:
Ciliophora
Subphylum:
Postciliodesmatophora
Class:
Heterotrichea
Family:
Genus:
Condylostoma

Bory de Saint Vincent, 1826

Condylostoma is a genus of unicellular ciliate protists, belonging to the class Heterotrichea.

Species list[]

According to the World Register of Marine Species, genus Condylostoma contains 24 species:[1]

  • Dragesco, 1954
  • Villeneuve-Brachon, 1940
  • Spiegel, 1926
  • Lauterborn, 1908
  • Burkovsky, 1970
  • Dragesco, 1954
  • Hartwig, 1973
  • Bullington, 1940
  • Dragesco, 1960
  • Spiegel, 1926
  • Dragesco, 1960
  • Bullington, 1940
  • Dragesco, 1960
  • O.F. Müller, 1786
  • Claparède & Lachmann, 1858
  • Bock, 1952
  • Spiegel, 1928
  • Kahl, 1928
  • Ozaki & Yagiu in Yagiu, 1944
  • Lepsi, 1964
  • Penard, 1922
  • Faure-Fremiet, 1958
  • Bock, 1955
  • Ehrenberg, 1833

Phylogeny[]

Molecular analyses based on either a single locus (small subunit rRNA) or several loci (SSU rDNA, large subunit rRNA, ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region, alpha-tubulin and COI) showed that Condylostoma is phylogenetically related to the genera and , and with possibly being their sister-group.[2][3][4]

Alternative genetic code[]

An alternative genetic code is used by the nuclear genome of Condylostoma magnum.[5] This code corresponds to translation table 28 and involves the unusual reassignment of the three standard termination codons to sense codons.

Table of conditional stop codons and comparison with the standard genetic code
Genetic code Translation
table 		Codon Conditional
translation 		Standard translation
DNA RNA
Condylostoma nuclear 28 TAA UAA Ter (*) or Gln (Q) Ter (*)
TAG UAG Ter (*) or Gln (Q) Ter (*)
TGA UGA Ter (*) or Trp (W) Ter (*)
Amino-acid biochemical properties Nonpolar Polar Termination: stop codon

References[]

  1. ^ "WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Condylostoma Bory de St. Vincent, 1824". www.marinespecies.org. Retrieved 2017-01-20.
  2. ^ Guo, Wenbo; Song, Weibo; Al-Rasheid, Khaled A. S.; Shao, Chen; Miao, Miao; Al-Farraj, Saleh A.; Al-Qurishy, Saleh A.; Chen, Zigui; Yi, Zhenzhen (2008-09-10). "Phylogenetic position of three Condylostoma species (Protozoa, Ciliophora, Heterotrichea) inferred from the small subunit rRNA gene sequence". Progress in Natural Science. 18 (9): 1089–1093. doi:10.1016/j.pnsc.2008.04.003.
  3. ^ Yan, Ying; Chen, Xumiao; Chen, Xiangrui; Gao, Feng; Al-Farraj, Saleh A.; Al-Rasheid, Khaled A. S. (2015-02-01). "Morphology and molecular phylogeny of three marine Condylostoma species from China, including two new ones (Ciliophora, Heterotrichea)". European Journal of Protistology. 51 (1): 66–78. doi:10.1016/j.ejop.2014.11.001.
  4. ^ Fernandes, Noemi M.; Paiva, Thiago da Silva; da Silva-Neto, Inácio D.; Schlegel, Martin; Schrago, Carlos G. (2016-02-01). "Expanded phylogenetic analyses of the class Heterotrichea (Ciliophora, Postciliodesmatophora) using five molecular markers and morphological data". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 95: 229–246. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2015.10.030.
  5. ^ Heaphy, Stephen M.; Mariotti, Marco; Gladyshev, Vadim N.; Atkins, John F.; Baranov, Pavel V. (2016-11-01). "Novel Ciliate Genetic Code Variants Including the Reassignment of All Three Stop Codons to Sense Codons in Condylostoma magnum". Molecular Biology and Evolution. 33 (11): 2885–2889. doi:10.1093/molbev/msw166. hdl:10468/3302. ISSN 0737-4038. PMC 5062323. PMID 27501944.
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