Czartoryski
Czartoryski | |
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Princely House of Poland | |
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Current region | Poland |
Place of origin | Czartorysk |
Members | Michał Czartoryski August Czartoryski Adam Kazimierz Czartoryski Adam Jerzy Czartoryski Izabela Flemming |
Connected families | Sieniawski, Poniatowski, Radziwiłł |
Traditions | Familia |
Motto | Bądź co bądź (Come what may) |
Estate(s) | Czartoryski Palace |
Czartoryski (feminine form: Czartoryska, plural: Czartoryscy; Lithuanian: Čartoriskiai) is a Polish princely family of Lithuanian[3]-Ruthenian[4] origin, also known as the Familia. The family, which derived their kin from the Gediminids dynasty,[5][6] by the mid-17th century had split into two branches, based in the Klevan Castle and the Korets Castle, respectively. They used the Czartoryski coat of arms and were a noble family of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth in the 18th century.
The Czartoryski and the Potocki were the two most influential aristocratic families of the last decades of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1569–1795).[7]
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Peszka_Adam_Kazimierz_Czartoryski.jpg/170px-Peszka_Adam_Kazimierz_Czartoryski.jpg)
History[]
The Czartoryski family is of Lithuanian descent from Ruthenia.[8] Their ancestor, a grandson of Gediminas, the Grand Duke of Lithuania, became known with his baptismal name Constantine (c. 1330−1390) - he became a Prince of Chortoryisk in Volhynia.[9] One of his sons, Vasyli Chortoryiski (Ukrainian: Чарторийський; c. 1375–1416), was granted an estate in Volhynia in 1393, and his three sons John, Alexander and Michael (c. 1400–1489) are considered[by whom?] the progenitors of the family.[10] The founding members were culturally Ruthenian and Eastern Orthodox; they converted to Roman Catholicism and were Polonized during the 16th century.[10]
Michael's descendant Prince Kazimierz Czartoryski (1674–1741), Duke of Klewan and Zukow (Klevan and Zhukiv), Castellan of Vilnius, reawakened Czartoryski royal ambitions at the end of the 17th century. He married Isabella Morsztyn, daughter of the Grand Treasurer of Poland, and built "The Familia" with their four children, Michał, August, Teodor and Konstancja. The family became known and powerful under the lead of brothers Michał Fryderyk Czartoryski and August Aleksander Czartoryski in the late Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth of the 18th century, during the reigns Augustus II the Strong (King of Poland, 1697-1706 and 1709-1733) and Stanisław I Leszczyński (King of Poland 1704-1709 and 1733-1736). The Czartoryski had risen to power under August Aleksander Czartoryski (1697–1782) of the Klewa line, who married Zofia Denhoffowa, the only heir to the Sieniawski family.[11]
The family attained the height of its influence from the mid-18th century in the court of King Augustus III (r. 1734–1763. The Czartoryski brothers gained a very powerful ally in their brother-in-law, Stanisław Poniatowski, whose son became the last king of the independent Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, Stanisław August Poniatowski (r. 1764–1795).
The Czartoryski's Familia saw the decline of the Commonwealth and the rise of anarchy and joined the camp which was determined to press ahead with reforms; thus they sought the enactment of such constitutional reforms as the abolition of the liberum veto.
Although the Russian Empire confiscated the family estate at Puławy in 1794, during the third partition of Poland, the Familia continued to wield significant cultural and political influence for decades after, notably through the princes Adam Kazimierz (1734-1823), Adam Jerzy (1770-1861) and Konstanty Adam (1777-1866).
The Czartoryski family is renowned for the Czartoryski Museum in Kraków and the Hôtel Lambert in Paris.
Today, the only descendants of Prince Adam Jerzy Czartoryski are Prince Adam Karol Czartoryski (1940- ) and his daughter Tamara Czartoryska (1978- ), who live in the United Kingdom. The descendants of Prince Konstanty Adam Czartoryski live to this day in Poland and have their representatives in the Confederation of the Polish Nobility.
Coat of arms and motto[]
The Czartoryski family used the Czartoryski coat of arms and the motto Bądź co bądź ("Come what may", literally 'let be, that which will be'). The family's arms were a modification of the Pogoń Litewska arms.
Czartoryski coat of arms used in 1785
Notable members[]
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Adam_Jerzy_Czartoryski_by_J.Oleszkiewicz_02.jpg/170px-Adam_Jerzy_Czartoryski_by_J.Oleszkiewicz_02.jpg)
Notable members include:
In Poland[]
- Wasyl Czartoryski (died after 1416), married Hanna
- Michał Czartoryski (died before 1486), married Maria Niemir
- Teodor Czartoryski (died 1542), married Princes Zofia Sanguszko h. Pogoń Litewska
- Iwan Czartoryski (died 1566), married Princess Anna Zasławska h. Korybut
- Jerzy Czartoryski (1550−1626), married Princess Aleksandra Wiśniowiecka h. Korybut, Halszka Hołowińska h. Hołowiński and Princess Zofia Lubomirska h. Szreniawa
- Michał Jerzy Czartoryski (1585−1661), married Princess h. Pogoń Litewska
- Michał Jerzy Czartoryski (1621−1692), married Rosine Margarethe von Eckenberg, h. Szeliga and h. Rawa
- Kazimierz Czartoryski (1674−1741), married Countess Izabela Elżbieta Morsztyn h. Leliwa
- Michał Fryderyk Czartoryski (1696–1775), married Countess Elenora Monika Waldstein
- August Aleksander Czartoryski (1697−1782) married Countess Maria Zofia Sieniawska h. Leliwa
- Adam Kazimierz Czartoryski (1734–1823), married Izabela Czartoryska h. Fleming
- Maria Anna Czartoryska (1768−1854), married Louis, Duke of Württemberg
- Adam Jerzy Czartoryski (1770–1861), married Princess Anna Zofia Sapieha h. Lis
- Izabella Elżbieta Czartoryska (1832–1899), married Count h. Ogończyk
- Witold Czartoryski (1824–1865), married h. Syrokomla
- Władysław Czartoryski (1828–1894), married María Amparo Muñoz, 1st Countess of Vista Alegre and Princess Marguerite Adélaïde of Orléans
- Beatified August Franciszek Czartoryski (1858–1893)
- Adam Ludwik Czartoryski (1872–1937), married Countess Maria Ludwika Krasińska h. Ślepowron
- Elżbieta Czartoryska (1905–1989) married Count Stefan Adam Zamoyski h. Jelita
- Augustyn Józef Czartoryski (1907–1946), married Princess Maria de los Dolores of Bourbon-Two Sicilies
- Adam Karol Czartoryski (b. 1940), married Nora Picciotto and Josette Calil
- Tamara Czartoryska (b. 1978)
- Adam Karol Czartoryski (b. 1940), married Nora Picciotto and Josette Calil
- Konstanty Adam Czartoryski (1773–1860), married Princess Aniela Radziwiłł h. Trąby and h. Gozdawa
- Jerzy Konstanty Czartoryski (1828–1912), married Maria Joanna Czermak
- Witold Leon Czartoryski (1864–1945), married Countess Jadwiga Dzieduszycka h. Sas
- Włodzimierz Alfons Czartoryski (1895–1975), married Countess Zofia Tyszkiewicz h. Leliwa
- Professor Paweł Czartoryski (1924–1999)
- Beatified Jan Franciszek Czartoryski (1897–1944)
- (1898–1958), married Countess Teresa Janina Zamoyska h. Jelita
- Piotr Michał Czartoryski (1908–1993), married Countess Anna Zamoyska h. Jelita
- Włodzimierz Alfons Czartoryski (1895–1975), married Countess Zofia Tyszkiewicz h. Leliwa
- Witold Leon Czartoryski (1864–1945), married Countess Jadwiga Dzieduszycka h. Sas
- Jerzy Konstanty Czartoryski (1828–1912), married Maria Joanna Czermak
- Zofia Czartoryska (1780−1873), married Count Stanisław Kostka Zamoyski h. Jelita
- Elżbieta Czartoryska (1736–1816), married Stanisław Lubomirski h. Szreniawa
- Adam Kazimierz Czartoryski (1734–1823), married Izabela Czartoryska h. Fleming
- Konstancja Czartoryska (1700–1759), married Stanisław Poniatowski h. Ciołek, mother of the last King of Poland Stanisław August Poniatowski
- Kazimierz Czartoryski (1674−1741), married Countess Izabela Elżbieta Morsztyn h. Leliwa
- Michał Jerzy Czartoryski (1621−1692), married Rosine Margarethe von Eckenberg, h. Szeliga and h. Rawa
- Michał Jerzy Czartoryski (1585−1661), married Princess h. Pogoń Litewska
- Jerzy Czartoryski (1550−1626), married Princess Aleksandra Wiśniowiecka h. Korybut, Halszka Hołowińska h. Hołowiński and Princess Zofia Lubomirska h. Szreniawa
- Iwan Czartoryski (died 1566), married Princess Anna Zasławska h. Korybut
- Teodor Czartoryski (died 1542), married Princes Zofia Sanguszko h. Pogoń Litewska
- Michał Czartoryski (died before 1486), married Maria Niemir
In Hungary[]
- Mária Lázár (b. Mária Czartoriszky) (1895-1983), actress
Palaces[]
Czartoryski Palace in Puławy
Czartoryski Palace in Lublin
Czartoryski Palace in Sieniawa
Palace in Rokosowo
Palace in Baszków, Łódź Voivodeship
Palace in Pełkinie
Palace in Międzyrzec Podlaski
The Blue Palace, Warsaw
Natolin Palace
Former Czartoryski Palace in Kalwaria Zebrzydowska (rebuild)
Temple of the Sibyl, 18th century museum in Puławy
Ruins of the Castle of Czartorysk
Ruins of the Castle of Korets
Ruins of the Czartoryski Palace in Wołczyn (1898)
Castle of Medzhybizh
Ruins of the Castle of Berezhany
Ruins of the Castle of Klevan
See also[]
- Czartoryska (disambiguation page for female members of the family)
- Princely Houses of Poland
- Familia
- Czartoryski Museum
- Royal Casket
- Czartoryski-Schlössel
- Hôtel Lambert
- Princes Czartoryski Foundation
- List of titled noble families in the Kingdom of Hungary
References[]
- ^ The Encyclopedia Americana–A Library of Universal Knowledge, Volume 23. Encyclopedia Americana Corporation. 1919. p. 131.
- ^ Lerski, Jerzy Jan (1996). Historical Dictionary of Poland, 966-1945. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 94. ISBN 0313260079.
- ^ Bain, R. Nisbet (2013). Slavonic Europe : a political history of Poland and Russia from 1447 to 1796. Cambridge University Press. p. 382. ISBN 9781107636910.
- ^ Lerski, Jerzy Jan (1996). Historical Dictionary of Poland, 966-1945. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 94. ISBN 0313260079.
- ^ Galkus, Juozas (2009). The Vytis of Lithuania. Vilnius: Vilnius Academy of Arts press. p. 42. ISBN 9789955854449.
- ^ Łowmiański, Henryk (1998). Zaludnienie państwa litewskiego w wieku XVI : zaludnienie w roku 1528. Poznań: Wydawn. Poznańskie. p. 42. ISBN 9788386138371.
- ^ Kowalski 2013, p. 296.
- ^ Karolak M., Genealogia rodu Czartoryskich, www.mariuszkarolak.pl, Puławy 2020
- ^ Tęgowski J. Który Konstanty — Olgierdowic czy Koriatowic — był przodkiem kniaziów Czartoryskich? // Europa Orientalis. — Toruń, 1996. — S. 53-59.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Jerzy Jan Lerski, Piotr Wróbel, Richard J. Kozicki (1996). Historical dictionary of Poland, 966-1945. Greenwood Publishing. p. 94. ISBN 978-0-313-26007-0.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
- ^ Kowalski 2013, p. 297.
- Kowalski, Mariusz (2013), Księstwa Rzeczpospolitej: państwo magnackie jako region polityczny (in Polish), IGiPZ PAN Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Geografii i Przestrzennego Zagospodarowania im. Stanisława Leszczyckiego, ISBN 978-83-61590-27-9, retrieved 5 July 2020
External links[]
Media related to Czartoryski at Wikimedia Commons
- Czartoryski at the Encyclopedia of Ukraine
- Czartoryski family