Demographics of Venezuela

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Venezuela population pyramid in 2020

The Demographics of Venezuela are the condition and overview of Venezuela's peoples. Demographic topics include basic education, health, and population statistics as well as identified racial and religious affiliations

The Venezuelan people comprise a combination of heritages. The historically present Amerindians, Spanish colonists, and African slaves have all contributed to varying degrees. Later, waves of European groups (Italians, Spanish, Portuguese and Germans) migrated to Venezuela in the 20th century, influencing many aspects of Venezuelan life, including its culture, language, food, and music.

About 51.6% of the population is mixed (mestizo) white, Amerindian and black in Venezuela, while 46.6% are white or of European ancestry. Another 3.7% is predominantly/fully African, while 2.7% is of predominant/full Amerindian ancestry, and 1.0% other races (mainly Asians).[1][2]

Three Amerindian tribes located in the country are the Wayuu, located in the west, in Zulia State, and the Timoto-cuicas, also in the west, in Mérida State, in the Andes.

About 85% of the population live in urban areas in the northern portion of the country and currently resides in the urban conglomerations (Caracas, Maracay, Maracaibo, Valencia, etc.) that are concentrated in Venezuela's northern coastal mountain strip. Nearly half of Venezuela's geographic area lies south of the Orinoco River; however, this region contains only 5% of the Venezuelan population.

The 2019 revision of the World Population Prospects[3][4] estimate puts Venezuela's total population at 28,887,118 inhabitants.[3][4] Additionally, over the past five years, Venezuelan society's general age structure has been trending towards the homologous structure found in Cuba, Western Europe, Japan, and other healthy and rapidly aging societies. Notably, there has been a significant increase in the proportion and gross numbers of elderly Venezuelans (aged 65 and up), as well as a corresponding drop in the total fertility.

Population[]

Census population
YearPop.±%
18731,732,411—    
18812,005,139+15.7%
18912,221,572+10.8%
19202,479,525+11.6%
19262,814,131+13.5%
19363,364,347+19.6%
19413,850,771+14.5%
19505,034,838+30.7%
19617,523,999+49.4%
197110,721,522+42.5%
198114,516,735+35.4%
199018,105,265+24.7%
200123,232,553+28.3%
201127,722,793+19.3%

According to the 2019 revision of the World Population Prospects[3][4] the total population was 28,887,118 in 2018, compared to only 5,482,000 in 1950. The proportion of children below the age of 15 in 2010 was 29.5%, 64.9% was between 15 and 65 years of age, while 5.6% was 65 years or older.[5]

Total population Proportion
aged 0–14
(%) 		Proportion
aged 15–64
(%) 		Proportion
aged 65+
(%)
1950 5 482 000 43.5 54.6 1.9
1955 6 758 000 44.8 53.1 2.0
1960 8 147 000 45.6 51.9 2.4
1965 9 825 000 46.4 51.0 2.6
1970 11 588 000 45.7 51.5 2.8
1975 13 361 000 43.3 53.6 3.0
1980 15 344 000 40.7 56.2 3.2
1985 17 508 000 38.8 57.8 3.4
1990 19 862 000 37.9 58.4 3.7
1995 22 189 000 36.3 59.8 3.9
2000 24 192 000 34.0 61.5 4.5
2005 26 432 000 31.7 63.3 5.0
2010 28 440 000 29.9 64.5 5.6
2015 30 082 000 28.4 65.3 6.4
2020 28 436 000 27.3 64.8 8.0

Structure of the population[]

Structure of the population (01.07.2011) (Data refer to projections based on the 2001 Population Census):[6]

Age Group Male Female Total %
Total 14 673 402 14 604 334 29 277 736 100
0-4 1 489 651 1 422 996 2 912 647 9,95
5-9 1 449 771 1 387 490 2 837 261 9,69
10-14 1 407 049 1 348 839 2 755 888 9,41
15-19 1 381 341 1 330 517 2 711 858 9,26
20-24 1 356 690 1 321 939 2 678 629 9,15
25-29 1 247 545 1 233 317 2 480 862 8,47
30-34 1 125 519 1 124 781 2 250 300 7,69
35-39 975 071 981 664 1 956 735 6,68
40-44 901 661 912 835 1 814 496 6,20
45-49 828 558 843 046 1 671 604 5,71
50-54 689 404 706 581 1 395 985 4,77
55-59 572 058 592 013 1 164 071 3,98
60-64 450 502 471 913 922 415 3,15
65-69 319 897 346 672 666 569 2,28
70-74 215 081 246 972 462 053 1,58
75+ 263 604 332 759 596 363 2,04
Age group Male Female Total Percent
0-14 4 346 471 4 159 325 8 505 796 29,05
15-64 9 528 349 9 518 606 19 046 955 65,06
65+ 798 582 926 403 1 724 985 5,89

Structure of the population (01.07.2013) (Data refer to projections based on the 2001 Population Census):

Age Group Male Female Total %
Total 15 102 533 15 052 819 30 155 352 100
0-4 1 491 898 1 424 743 2 916 641 9,67
5-9 1 464 151 1 400 914 2 865 065 9,50
10-14 1 423 817 1 364 178 2 787 995 9,25
15-19 1 386 506 1 334 874 2 721 380 9,02
20-24 1 359 923 1 323 716 2 683 639 8,90
25-29 1 291 849 1 275 387 2 567 236 8,51
30-34 1 167 219 1 166 307 2 333 526 7,74
35-39 1 032 504 1 040 183 2 072 687 6,87
40-44 917 077 929 479 1 846 556 6,12
45-49 852 761 869 313 1 722 074 5,71
50-54 742 176 762 161 1 504 337 4,99
55-59 604 508 627 863 1 232 371 4,09
60-64 486 985 513 029 1 000 014 3,32
65-69 357 333 386 715 744 048 2,47
70-74 238 848 273 230 512 078 1,70
75-79 157 083 191 869 348 952 1,16
80+ 127 895 168 858 296 753 0,98
Age group Male Female Total Percent
0-14 4 379 866 4 189 835 8 569 701 28,42
15-64 9 841 508 9 842 312 19 683 820 65,27
65+ 881 159 1 020 672 1 901 831 6,31

Vital statistics[]

Registration of vital events in Venezuela is not complete. The Population Department of the United Nations prepared the following estimates.[7]

Period Live births
per year 		Deaths
per year 		Natural change
per year 		CBR* CDR* NC* TFR* IMR* Life expectancy
total 		Life expectancy
males 		Life expectancy
females
1950–1955 263,000 69,000 193,000 46.5 12.6 34.1 6.46 107 54.3 52.9 55.8
1955–1960 309,000 73,000 236,000 44.9 10.9 34.2 6.46 89 57.1 55.6 58.7
1960–1965 375,000 77,000 298,000 45.1 9.5 35.7 6.66 73 59.9 58.2 61.7
1965–1970 397,000 76,000 320,000 40.1 8.0 32.4 5.90 60 62.6 60.5 64.9
1970–1975 411,000 76,000 334,000 35.1 6.7 28.6 4.94 49 65.0 62.4 67.7
1975–1980 476,000 81,000 395,000 34.2 5.8 28.4 4.47 39 67.3 64.6 70.4
1980–1985 519,000 89,000 430,000 32.0 5.3 26.5 3.96 34 68.9 66.0 72.0
1985–1990 561,000 92,000 468,000 30.3 4.9 25.3 3.65 27 70.5 67.7 73.5
1990–1995 563,000 101,000 461,000 26.9 4.8 22.1 3.25 23 71.5 68.7 74.5
1995–2000 569,000 114,000 455,000 24.5 4.9 19.7 2.94 21 72.1 69.3 75.1
2000–2005 585,000 129,000 456,000 23.0 5.1 17.9 2.72 19 72.7 69.9 75.8
2005–2010 598,000 142,000 456,000 21.5 5.4 16.1 2.55 17 73.7 70.8 76.8
2010–2015 601,000 159,000 442,000 20.0 5.9 14.1 2.40 15 74.5 71.7 77.6
2015–2020 595,000 178,000 417,000 18.0 7.0 11.0 2.28 13 75.3 72.5 78.4
2020–2025 16.8 7.3 9.5 2.18
2025–2030 16.5 7.4 9.1 2.10
* CBR = crude birth rate (per 1000); CDR = crude death rate (per 1000); NC = natural change (per 1000); IMR = infant mortality rate per 1000 births; TFR = total fertility rate (number of children per woman)

Births and deaths[]

Births and deaths:[6][8][9]

Year Population Live births Deaths Natural increase Crude birth rate Crude death rate Rate of natural increase TFR
1948 183 590 59 934 123 656
1949 198 773 57 477 141 296
1950 212 096 54 397 157 699
1951 224 553 56 757 167 796
1952 230 703 57 115 173 588
1953 250 943 53 945 196 998
1954 262 134 56 846 205 288
1955 272 433 59 348 213 085
1956 278 072 59 339 218 733
1957 284 080 61 918 222 162
1958 291 747 59 037 232 710
1959 324 739 58 988 265 751
1960 338 199 55 354 282 845
1961 344 989 55 585 289 404
1962 341 324 54 960 286 364
1963 353 546 58 474 295 072
1964 365 340 60 912 304 428
1965 379 530 61 568 317 962
1966 376 367 61 691 314 676
1967 407 986 62 111 345 875
1968 384 678 64 592 320 086
1969 397 003 67 784 329 219
1970 392 583 68 493 324 090
1971 405 964 70 478 335 486
1972 406 120 73 379 332 741
1973 405 455 76 333 329 122
1974 433 397 73 555 359 842
1975 446 110 74 388 371 722
1976 462 233 75 088 387 145
1977 465 332 74 257 391 075
1978 475 824 72 584 403 240
1979 481 349 74 649 406 700
1980 493 009 77 018 415 991
1981 497 270 80 346 416 924
1982 510 532 77 021 433 511
1983 514 381 75 743 438 638
1984 503 973 78 091 425 882
1985 502 329 78 938 423 391
1986 504 278 77 647 426 631
1987 516 773 80 322 436 451
1988 522 392 81 442 440 950
1989 529 015 84 761 444 254
1990 577 976 89 830 488 146
1991 602 024 88 634 513 390
1992 559 950 90 566 469 384
1993 524 387 89 105 435 282
1994 547 819 96 696 451 123
1995 520 584 92 273 428 311
1996 497 975 93 839 404 136 22.3 4.2 18.1
1997 516 616 94 334 422 282 22.7 4.1 18.6
1998 501 808 98 624 403 184 21.6 4.2 17.4
1999 527 888 101 907 425 981 22.1 4.3 17.8
2000 544 416 103 255 441 161 22.4 4.2 18.2
2001 529 552 107 867 421 685 21.4 4.4 17.0
2002 492 678 105 388 387 290 19.5 4.2 15.3
2003 555 614 118 562 437 052 21.6 4.6 17.0
2004 637 799 114 480 523 319 24.4 4.4 20.0
2005 665 997 110 301 555 696 25.1 4.2 20.9
2006 646 225 115 348 530 877 23.9 4.3 19.6
2007 615 371 118 594 496 777 22.4 4.3 18.1
2008 581 480 124 062 457 418 20.8 4.4 16.4
2009 593 845 123 530 470 315 20.9 4.4 16.6
2010 591 303 130 597 460 706 20.7 4.6 16.1
2011 615 132 136 803 478 329 21.3 4.7 16.5 2.466
2012 619 530 142 988 476 542 21.1 4.9 16.2 2.446
2013 597 902 147 901 450 001 20.1 5.0 15.1 2.427
2014 30,070,000 597 773 159 239 438 534 19.9 5.3 14.6 2.410
2015 30,489,000 600 860 163 367 437 493 19.6 5.3 14.3
2016 30,883,000 642 664 185 697 456 967 20.8 6.0 14.8
2017 31,277,000 579 349 190 236 389 113 18.5 6.1 12.4
2018 31,689,176 18.5 5.3 13.2 2.3
2020 28,644,603 17.9 7.5 10.4 2.26

Other demographic statistics[]

Demographic statistics according to the World Population Review in 2019.[10]

  • One birth every 53 seconds
  • One death every 3 minutes
  • One net migrant every 45 minutes
  • Net gain of one person every 1 minute

Demographic statistics according to the CIA World Factbook, unless otherwise indicated.[11]

Total population
28,644,603 (July 2020 est.)
Ethnic groups

unspecified Spanish, Italian (13–16%), Portuguese (1.4%), Arab (5%), German (<0.1%), African (3.4%), indigenous peoples (2.7%)

Age structure
Population pyramid of Venezuela in 2017
0-14 years: 25.66% (male 3,759,280/female 3,591,897)
15-24 years: 16.14% (male 2,348,073/female 2,275,912)
25-54 years: 41.26% (male 5,869,736/female 5,949,082)
55-64 years: 8.76% (male 1,203,430/female 1,305,285)
65 years and over: 8.18% (male 1,069,262/female 1,272,646) (2020 est.)
Median age
total: 30 years. Country comparison to the world: 124th
male: 29.4 years
female: 30.7 years (2020 est.)
Birth rate
17.9 births/1,000 population (2020 est.) Country comparison to the world: 92nd
Death rate
7.5 deaths/1,000 population (2020 est.) Country comparison to the world: 106th
Total fertility rate
2.26 children born/woman (2020 est.) Country comparison to the world: 87th
Net migration rate
-3.4 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2020 est.) Country comparison to the world: 184th
Population growth rate
-0.18% (2020 est.) Country comparison to the world: 207th
1.51% (2009 est.).
Contraceptive prevalence rate
75% (2010)
Dependency ratios
total dependency ratio: 52.6 (2015 est.)
youth dependency ratio: 43 (2015 est.)
elderly dependency ratio: 9.5 (2015 est.)
potential support ratio: 10.5 (2015 est.)
Life expectancy at birth
total population: 76.2 years
male: 73.2 years
female: 79.3 years (2018 est.)
Urbanization
urban population: 88.2% of total population (2018)
rate of urbanization: 1.28% annual rate of change (2015-20 est.)
Languages

Spanish (official), numerous indigenous dialects

Literacy

definition: age 15 and over can read and write (2016 est.)

total population: 97.1%
male: 97%
female: 97.2% (2016 est.)
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)
total: 14 years
Unemployment, youth ages 15-24
total: 14.6%. Country comparison to the world: 92nd

Sex ratio[]

Age Ratio
(males/females)
Total: 1.02
At birth: 1.07
Under 15: 1.07
15–64: 1.01
Over 65: 0.83

Race[]

According to an autosomal DNA genetic study conducted in 2008 by the University of Brasilia (UNB), the composition of Venezuela's population is: 60.60% of European contribution, 23% of Amerindian contribution and 16.30% of African contribution. 3.6% of Venezuelans are fully black, but Mulattos (black mixed with white) are a much larger proportion. With many Venezuelans having African ancestry.[12]

Religious affiliation[]

The overwhelming majority of Venezuelans denote themselves as adherents of Catholicism; this is true nominally, if not in practice.

Religious affiliation in Venezuela. (2011)[13][14]
Affiliation % of Venezuela population
Christian 88.3 88.3
 
Catholic 71 71
 
Protestant 17 17
 
Mormon 0.3 0.3
 
Non-Christian faiths 2.7 2.7
 
Jewish 0.05 0.05
 
Muslim 0.4 0.4
 
Santería 1 1
 
Other Non-Christian faiths 1.25 1.25
 
Unaffiliated 9 9
 
Agnostic/indifferent 6 6
 
Atheist 2 2
 
Don't know/refused answer 1 1
 
Total 100 100
 

According to the 2011 census, 88.3 percent of the population is Christian, primarily Roman Catholic (71%), 17 percent Protestant, and the remaining 0.03 percent Mormons (LDS Church).[15] The Venezuelans without religion are 9% (atheist 2%, agnostic or indifferent 6% and doesn't know/doesn't respond 1% ), almost 3% of the population follow other religions (1% of them are of Santería).[13][14]

Notes[]

  1. ^ "Resultado Básico del XIV Censo Nacional de Población y —×Vivienda 2011 (Mayo 2014)" (PDF). Ine.gov.ve. p. 29. Retrieved 8 September 2014.
  2. ^ "Censos de población y vivienda". Ine.gob.ve. Retrieved 3 October 2017.
  3. ^ Jump up to: a b c ""World Population prospects – Population division"". population.un.org. United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Retrieved 9 November 2019.
  4. ^ Jump up to: a b c ""Overall total population" – World Population Prospects: The 2019 Revision" (xslx). population.un.org (custom data acquired via website). United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Retrieved 9 November 2019.
  5. ^ Population Division of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations Secretariat, World Population Prospects: The 2010 Revision Archived 6 May 2011 at the Wayback Machine
  6. ^ Jump up to: a b "United Nations Statistics Division - Demographic and Social Statistics". unstats.un.org.
  7. ^ "World Population Prospects 2019".
  8. ^ "3. Live births, deaths, and infant deaths, latest available year (2002 - 2016)" (PDF). Unstats.un.org. Retrieved 3 October 2017.
  9. ^ "Demographic and Social Statistics". UN Statistics Division. Retrieved 29 July 2020.
  10. ^ "Venezuela Population 2019", World Population Review
  11. ^ "World Factbook SOUTH AMERICA : VENEZUELA", The World Factbook, 12 July 2018
  12. ^ Godinho, Neide Maria de Oliveira (2008). "O impacto das migrações na constituição genética de populações latino-americanas" (PDF). Universidade de Brasília. Archived from the original on 6 July 2011. Retrieved 1 August 2012.
  13. ^ Jump up to: a b Aguire, Jesus Maria (June 2012). "Informe Sociográfico sobre la religión en Venezuela" (PDF) (in Spanish). El Centro Gumilla. Retrieved 5 April 2015.
  14. ^ Jump up to: a b "Venezuela". State.gov. Retrieved 3 October 2017.
  15. ^ "LDS Starics". Mormon Newsroom. Retrieved 3 October 2017.

References[]

External links[]

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