Dirt (Alice in Chains album)

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Dirt
Dirt (Alice in Chains album - cover art).jpg
Studio album by
Alice in Chains
ReleasedSeptember 29, 1992 (1992-09-29)[1]
RecordedApril–July 1992[2]
Studio
Genre
Length57:37
LabelColumbia
Producer
Alice in Chains chronology
Sap
(1992) 		Dirt
(1992) 		Jar of Flies
(1994)
Singles from Dirt
  1. "Would?"
    Released: June 30, 1992
  2. "Them Bones"
    Released: September 8, 1992
  3. "Angry Chair"
    Released: December 6, 1992
  4. "Rooster"
    Released: March 15, 1993
  5. "Down in a Hole"
    Released: August 30, 1993

Dirt is the second studio album by the American rock band Alice in Chains, released on September 29, 1992, through Columbia Records. Peaking at No. 6 on the Billboard 200 chart, the album was also well received by music critics. It has since been certified four-times platinum by the RIAA and gone on to sell five million copies worldwide, making Dirt the band's highest selling album to date.[8] It is the band's last album recorded with all four original members, as bassist Mike Starr was fired from the band in January 1993.[9][10] The album spawned five singles: "Would?", "Them Bones", "Angry Chair", "Rooster", and "Down in a Hole"; all with accompanying music videos. Dirt was nominated for a Grammy Award for Best Hard Rock Performance. The music video for "Would?" was nominated for an MTV Video Music Award for Best Video from a Film, as the song was featured on the soundtrack to Cameron Crowe's 1992 film Singles.

The songs on the album focused on depression, pain, anger, anti-social behavior, relationships, drug addiction (primarily heroin), war, death, and other emotionally charged topics. The track "Iron Gland" features Tom Araya from Slayer on vocals. Most of the music from the album was written by guitarist Jerry Cantrell, but for the first time vocalist Layne Staley wrote two songs by himself: "Hate to Feel" and "Angry Chair", both also feature Staley on guitar. Rolling Stone listed the album at No. 26 on its list of the 100 Greatest Metal Albums of All Time.[11] Dirt was included in the 2005 book 1001 Albums You Must Hear Before You Die. It was voted "Kerrang! Critic's Choice Album of the Year". Guitar World named Dirt as the best guitar album of 1992. Loudwire named it as one of the best Metal albums of the 1990s, and Rolling Stone ranked it at No. 6 on its list of "50 Greatest Grunge Albums" in 2019.

Alice in Chains' fourth studio album, Black Gives Way to Blue, was released on the 17th anniversary of Dirt, on September 29, 2009.

Background and recording[]

The recording of Dirt began in the spring of 1992. Producer Dave Jerden, who had previously worked with the band on their debut, Facelift, wanted to work with them again. He admired vocalist Layne Staley's lyrics and voice, and lead guitarist Jerry Cantrell's guitar riffs. The track "Would?" produced, engineered and mixed by Rick Parashar, was recorded before the album, and first appeared on the soundtrack to the 1992 movie Singles.[12] Dirt was recorded at Eldorado Recording Studio in Burbank, California, London Bridge Studio in Seattle, and One on One Studios in Los Angeles from April to July 1992.[2]

Dirt was recorded during the Los Angeles riots that erupted following the acquittal of four LAPD officers caught on camera beating unarmed black motorist Rodney King.[13] The riots started on the first day of recording. The band was watching TV when the verdict for the incident was announced.[13] Jerry Cantrell was in a store buying some beer when a man came in and started looting the place. Cantrell also got stuck in traffic and saw people pulling each other out of their cars and beating them.[14] The band tried to get out of the town without getting hurt while LA was protesting against police brutality. They took Slayer vocalist Tom Araya with them and went to the Joshua Tree desert for four or five days until things calmed down, then moved back into the studio and started recording the album.[13]

When recording the album, Staley had previously checked out of rehab and quickly went back to using heroin.[12] Staley later went cold-turkey on his own while reading The Bad Place, by horror novelist Dean R. Koontz.[12] Jerden later said that he was told Staley felt animosity toward him dating back to the Dirt sessions due to Jerden repeatedly recommending to Staley that he get sober at the time.[15] Jerden said, "Apparently he got all mad at me [during the Dirt sessions] ... And what's my job as a producer? To produce a record. I'm not getting paid to be Layne's friend."[15]

Staley was not the only one who went through heavy drug use; drummer Sean Kinney and bassist Mike Starr were also struggling with alcohol addiction.[16]

Dave Jerden got the album's famous guitar tone by blending three different amps - a Bogner Fish preamp for the low end, a Bogner Ecstacy for the mid frequencies, and a Rockman Headphone amp for the high frequencies.[17]

Music and lyrics[]

With songs written primarily on the road, the material is darker than Facelift.[19] "We did a lot of soul searching on this album. There's a lot of intense feelings."[19] Cantrell said, "We deal with our daily demons through music. All of the poison that builds up during the day we cleanse when we play".[20] Drug use was front and center as a lyrical theme on the album. Three tracks ("Sickman", "Junkhead" and "God Smack") specifically reference heroin use and its effects.[21]

Staley revealed that the album is semi-conceptual and that there are two basic themes in it. The first theme is about "dealing with kind of a personal anguish and turmoil, which turns into drugs to ease that pain, and being confident that that was the answer in a way. Then later on the songs start to slip down closer and closer to hell, and then he figures out that drugs were not, and are not, the way to ease that pain. Basically, it's the whole story of the last three years of my life." Staley described the other theme as being about "painful relationships and involvements with persons."[21]

Staley later expressed regret about the lyrical content of some songs on Dirt, explaining, "I wrote about drugs, and I didn't think I was being unsafe or careless by writing about them ... I didn't want my fans to think that heroin was cool. But then I've had fans come up to me and give me the thumbs up, telling me they're high. That's exactly what I didn't want to happen."[22]

Cantrell said in 2013: "That darkness was always part of the band, but it wasn’t all about that. There was always an optimism, even in the darkest shit we wrote. With Dirt, it’s not like we were saying ‘Oh yeah, this is a good thing.’ It was more of a warning than anything else, rather than ‘Hey, come and check this out, it’s great!’ We were talking about what was going on at the time, but within that there was always a survivor element – a kind of triumph over the darker elements of being a human being. I still think we have all of that intact, but maybe the percentage has shifted."[23]

Cantrell told RIP magazine in 1993 that not all of the lyrics have drug references:

I think "Sickman" is not that bad. I thought most of the hassle would come from "Junkhead" and "Godsmack". Those songs are put in sequence on the second side those five songs from "Junkhead" to "Angry Chair" for a reason: Because it tells a story. It starts out with a really young naive attitude with "Junkhead", like drugs are great, sex is great, rock'n' roll, yeah! Then, as it progresses, there's a little bit of growing up and a little bit of a realization of what it's about, and that ain't what it's about. I've been using this phrase a lot, but it makes a lot of sense: It's really easy to die; it's really hard to live. It takes a lot of guts to live. It doesn't take a lot of guts to die. Those five and "Sickman" are the only ones talking about that type of mentality [drugs]. The rest of the stuff is not like that at all. "Rain When I Die" is a song to a girl. There's a lot of stuff on it. A good portion of it is a story, and it's meant to be that way. It's kind of overwhelming and unpleasant at times, unsettling maybe, but that's why all those songs are together. Even if it's disturbing, it's not something anybody else needs to worry about or the way somebody else needs to live their life.[24]

In the liner notes of 1999's Music Bank box set collection, Cantrell cited "Junkhead" and "God Smack" as "the most openly honest" songs about drug use.[10]

Cantrell said he wrote "Them Bones" about "mortality, that one of these days we'll end up a pile of bones."[10] He told RIP magazine in 1993: "'Them Bones' is pretty cut and dried. It's a little sarcastic, but it's pretty much about dealing with your mortality and life. Everybody's going to die someday. Instead of being afraid of it, that's the way it is: so enjoy the time you've got. Live as much as you can, have as much fun as possible. Face your fear and live. I had family members die at a fairly early age; so I've always had kind of a phobia about it. Death freaks me out. I think it freaks a lot of people out. It's the end of life, depending on your views. It's a pretty scary thing. "Them Bones" is trying to put that thought to rest. Use what you have left, and use it well."[24]

Cantrell was inspired to write "Dam That River" after a fight he had with Sean Kinney, in which Kinney broke a coffee table over his head.[24][10] The lyrics to "Rain When I Die" were written by Cantrell and Staley about their respective girlfriends.[21] "Sickman" came together after Staley asked Cantrell to "write him the sickest tune, the sickest, darkest, most fucked up and heaviest thing [Cantrell] could write."[10]

"Rooster" was written by Cantrell for his father, Jerry Cantrell Sr., who served in the Vietnam War and his childhood nickname was "Rooster".[25][10] Cantrell described the song as "the start of the healing process between my Dad and I from all that damage that Vietnam caused."[10]

Discussing the title track "Dirt", Cantrell stated that "the words Layne put to it were so heavy, I've never given him something and not thought it was gonna be the most bad-assed thing I was going to hear."[10] Staley said he wrote the song "to a certain person who basically buried my ass".[21]

The 43-second "Iron Gland" was developed out of a guitar riff that Cantrell would play that annoyed the other band members, so he created the song (adding in a reference to Black Sabbath's "Iron Man") and promised to never play the guitar riff again,[10] although the track is played as intro music in concert.[26] It features Tom Araya of thrash metal band Slayer on vocals, as well as Layne Staley. "Hate to Feel" and "Angry Chair" were both composed solely by Staley, who also played guitar on both tracks,[27] and Cantrell has expressed his pride in seeing Staley grow as a songwriter and guitarist.[10]

"Down in a Hole" was written by Cantrell to his long-time girlfriend, Courtney Clarke.[28] Cantrell explained the song in the liner notes of 1999's Music Bank box set: "["Down in a Hole"]'s in my top three, personally. It's to my long-time love. It's the reality of my life, the path I've chosen and in a weird way it kind of foretold where we are right now. It's hard for us to both understand...that this life is not conducive to much success with long-term relationships."[10]

The album's final track, "Would?", was written by Cantrell as a tribute to his friend and late lead singer of Mother Love Bone, Andrew Wood,[29] who died of a drug overdose in 1990.[30] Cantrell said the song is also "directed towards people who pass judgments."[10]

Packaging and title[]

The album's cover art features a woman half buried in a cracked desert landscape. The cover was photographed by Rocky Schenck, who also created the image along with the album's art director, Mary Maurer.[31] It was the band's idea to have a nude woman half-buried in the desert for this cover, and she could be either dead or alive.[31] The band discussed the type of woman they wanted and Schenck began casting shortly after. Schenck submitted a photo of model/actress Mariah O'Brien and the band chose her.[32]

The cover shoot took place at Schenck's Hollywood studio on June 14, 1992, with the supervision of drummer Sean Kinney.[33] After the eight hour photo session, O'Brien went to the bathroom and left her wig embedded in the dirt. Schenck then snapped a few photos, which were later used for the 1999 box set Music Bank.[31]

For many years, fans believed that the model on the cover was Staley's then-girlfriend, Demri Parrott, but Schenck revealed to Revolver Magazine in 2011 that the girl was actually Mariah O'Brien, with whom he had previously worked on the cover of Spinal Tap's single "Bitch School".[31] The magazine also published behind the scenes photos from the shoot featuring O'Brien.[31] Schenck told Revolver Magazine:

Everyone always asks if that is Demri Parrott on the "Dirt" Cover. I think Demri's name might have been mentioned as a possible model once or twice, but it was never a serious consideration.[31]

In an interview with the Canadian magazine M.E.A.T. in December 1992, Layne Staley said about the cover:

This album cover... I like to refer to it as "revenge". The song 'Dirt' was written to a certain person who basically buried my ass, so the woman on the album cover is kinda the portrayal of that person being sucked down into the dirt (laughs), instead of me. The picture is the spitting image of her, and that wasn't even planned. Actually, I was pretty angry about it when I first saw it – she's not happy about it either (laughs). It was real eerie.[21]

The cover was referenced on the music video for Alice in Chains' 2009 single "A Looking in View". At the 6:55 mark of the video, a woman (played by Sacha Senisch) is seen lying on a cracked desert floor similarly to Dirt's cover.[34] "A Looking in View" was featured on Alice in Chains' fourth studio album, Black Gives Way to Blue, released exactly 17 years after Dirt, on September 29, 2009.[35]

Release and commercial performance[]

Upon its release in September 1992, Dirt peaked at number six on the Billboard 200 and charted for 102 weeks,[36][37] ending at number 196 in the week of September 24, 1994.[38] Dirt granted Alice in Chains international recognition, and the album was certified four times platinum status in the United States,[39] platinum status in Canada[40] and gold status in the UK.[41] The album had sold 3,358,000 copies in the United States as of 2008.[42] A remastered reissue of the album was released on vinyl on November 23, 2009.[43][44]

Reception and legacy[]

Professional ratings
Review scores
SourceRating
AllMusic4.5/5 stars[45]
Chicago Tribune4/4 stars[46]
Christgau's Consumer GuideB[47]
Encyclopedia of Popular Music4/5 stars[48]
Entertainment WeeklyA[49]
Kerrang!5/5[50]
Q4/5 stars[51]
The Rolling Stone Album Guide4.5/5 stars[52]
Spin Alternative Record Guide7/10[53]
Vox8/10[54]

Dirt received critical acclaim, and is considered by many critics and fans alike as the group's best album. In a retrospective review, Steve Huey of AllMusic said "Dirt is Alice in Chains' major artistic statement and the closest they ever came to recording a flat-out masterpiece. It's a primal, sickening howl from the depths of Layne Staley's heroin addiction, and one of the most harrowing concept albums ever recorded. Not every song on Dirt is explicitly about heroin, but Jerry Cantrell's solo-written contributions (nearly half the album) effectively maintain the thematic coherence—nearly every song is imbued with the morbidity, self-disgust, and/or resignation of a self-aware yet powerless addict."[45]

Michael Christopher of PopMatters praised the album saying "the record wasn't celebratory by any means – but you'll be hard pressed to find a more brutally truthful work laid down – and that's why it will always be one of the greatest records ever made."[55] Chris Gill of Guitar World called Dirt "huge and foreboding, yet eerie and intimate," and "sublimely dark and brutally honest."[56] Don Kaye of Kerrang! described Dirt as "brutally truthful and a fiercely rocking testimonial to human endurance".[50]

Dirt is often considered as one of the most influential albums to the sludge metal subgenre, which fuses doom metal with hardcore punk.[55][57] It was voted "Kerrang! Critic's Choice Album of the Year" for 1992.[58]

Dirt included the top-30 singles "Would?", "Them Bones", "Angry Chair", "Rooster", and "Down in a Hole", all of which had accompanying music videos. The album remained on Billboard's charts for nearly a year.[59][60]

At the 1993 Grammy Awards, Dirt received a nomination for Best Hard Rock Performance.[61] The band also contributed the song "Would?" to the soundtrack for the 1992 Cameron Crowe film Singles, whose video received an award for Best Video from a Film at the 1993 MTV Video Music Awards.[62]

Dirt was also included in the 2005 book 1001 Albums You Must Hear Before You Die.[63]

In 2008, Dirt was ranked as 5th best album in the last two decades by Close-Up magazine.[64]

In 2011, Joe Robinson of Loudwire named Dirt as one of the best metal albums of the 1990s, alongside other albums such as Megadeth's Rust in Peace and Tool's Ænima, writing "In the battle between metal and grunge, Alice in Chains are a rare band that is embraced by fans of both genres. The most metal of the Seattle bands, they were marketed as metal for 1990's 'Facelift,' then touted as grunge for 1992's 'Dirt.' The band members themselves didn't bother much with labels, they just churned out some of the finest alt-metal with classics like 'Would?,' 'Rooster' and 'Them Bones' leading their charge all the way to the headlining spot on Lollapalooza '93."[6]

In October 2011, the album was ranked number one on Guitar World magazine's top ten list of guitar albums of 1992, with The Offspring's Ignition in second place and Bad Religion's Generator in third place.[65]

In June 2017, Dirt was ranked at No. 26 on Rolling Stone's list of the "100 Greatest Metal Albums of All Time".[11] In April 2019, Rolling Stone ranked the album at No. 6 on its list of the "50 Greatest Grunge Albums".[66]

Tour[]

Staley performing with Alice in Chains in Boston in 1992

Alice in Chains was added as openers to Ozzy Osbourne's No More Tours tour. Days before the tour began, Staley broke his foot in an ATV accident, forcing him to use crutches on stage.[56] While on tour, Starr was kicked out of the band after the Hollywood Rock concert in Rio de Janeiro on January 22, 1993 and was replaced by former Ozzy Osbourne bassist Mike Inez.[67][68]

During June–August 1993, Alice in Chains joined Primus, Tool, Rage Against the Machine and Babes in Toyland for the alternative music festival Lollapalooza, which was the last major tour the band played with Staley.[69]

Track listing[]

"Sickman", "Junkhead", "Dirt" and "God Smack" are credited to Cantrell/Staley with no specification for lyrics or music. "Rain When I Die" is credited to Cantrell/Staley/Kinney/Starr,[70] and it was later stated that Cantrell and Staley wrote the lyrics.[21]

No.TitleWriter(s)Length
1."Them Bones"Jerry Cantrell2:30
2."Dam That River"Cantrell3:09
3."Rain When I Die"
6:01
4."Down in a Hole[I]"Cantrell5:38
5."Sickman"
  • Cantrell
  • Staley
5:29
6."Rooster"Cantrell6:15
7."Junkhead"
  • Cantrell
  • Staley
5:09
8."Dirt"
  • Cantrell
  • Staley
5:16
9."God Smack"
  • Cantrell
  • Staley
3:56
10."Intro (Dream Sequence)/Iron Gland[II]" (sometimes unlisted or listed as "Untitled")
0:43
11."Hate to Feel"Staley5:15
12."Angry Chair"Staley4:48
13."Would?"Cantrell3:28
Total length:57:37

^ I On early U.S. and Canadian pressings, "Down in a Hole" appeared as track 12 placed between "Angry Chair" and "Would?".[71][72] Current U.S. and Canadian editions of the CD and the Vinyl have "Down in a Hole" as the fourth track, located between "Rain When I Die" and "Sickman",[1][73][43] which was the track listing that the band originally intended before the record company changed the order.[24][21]

^ II Track 9 or 10, "Iron Gland", appears without a title on the album. The title appeared on the compilations Nothing Safe and Music Bank. The iTunes Store lists it incorrectly as "Iron Man". Before the name "Iron Gland" was revealed, it was labeled in some online databases as "Intro (Dream Sequence)". On editions in which "Down in a Hole" is track 4, "Iron Gland" is track 10. The track is unlisted on some versions of the album, and some editions remove the track completely or merge it with "Hate to Feel". On the back cover of the edition in which "Iron Gland" is track 9, "Hate to Feel", "Angry Chair", "Down in a Hole" and "Would?" are listed from 9–12. However, when the CD is played, the songs are on tracks 10–13.

Outtakes[]

The songs "Fear the Voices" and "Lying Season" were featured on Alice in Chains' 1991 demo tape that featured songs from Sap and Dirt.[10] Both of these songs were later included on the band's 1999 box set, Music Bank. "Fear the Voices" was released as a single in 1999 to promote Music Bank and became a radio hit that same year. Regarding the two songs, Cantrell said that they came from a time when the band was still developing its sound.[10]

Personnel[]

Charts[]

Certifications[]

Region Certification Certified units/sales
Canada (Music Canada)[40] Platinum 100,000^
United Kingdom (BPI)[41] Gold 100,000^
United States (RIAA)[39] 4× Platinum 4,000,000^

^ Shipments figures based on certification alone.

References[]

  1. ^ Jump up to: a b "Dirt CD". Warner Music. Archived from the original on July 22, 2018. Retrieved July 22, 2018.
  2. ^ Jump up to: a b c de Sola, David (August 4, 2015). Alice in Chains: The Untold Story. Thomas Dunne Books. pp. 168–180. ISBN 978-1250048073.
  3. ^ "10 Best Grunge Bands of All Time". Loudwire. Retrieved September 23, 2015.
  4. ^ "Alice In Chains' 'Dirt,' the Era's Most Nihilistic Album, Turns 25". Billboard. Retrieved October 17, 2018.
  5. ^ "The 100 Greatest Metal Albums of All Time". Rolling Stone. Retrieved January 11, 2019.
  6. ^ Jump up to: a b Robinson, Joe (November 9, 2011). "Top 11 Metal Albums of the 1990s". Loudwire.
  7. ^ "50 Best Alternative Albums of the '90s". MetroWeekly. April 4, 2014.
  8. ^ Pattillo, Alice (September 29, 2019). "Dirt at 27: Why Alice in Chains' second album remains their magnum opus". Metal Hammer.
  9. ^ "Alice in Chains' Mike Starr's Last Interview – Loveline (February 16, 2010)". YouTube.
  10. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Music Bank (album notes). Alice in Chains. Columbia Records. 1999. 69580.CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)
  11. ^ Jump up to: a b "The 100 Greatest Metal Albums of All Time". Rolling Stone. June 21, 2017. Retrieved October 15, 2019.
  12. ^ Jump up to: a b c Ressner, Jeffrey (November 26, 1992). "Alice in Chains: Through the Looking Glass". Rolling Stone. Retrieved July 22, 2018.
  13. ^ Jump up to: a b c Lore, Mark (June 7, 2018). "Alice In Chains' Jerry Cantrell Revisits the Band's Five Records". Noisey. Retrieved July 22, 2018.
  14. ^ "10 Things You Didn't Know About Alice in Chains' 'Dirt'". Revolver. September 25, 2017. Retrieved July 22, 2018.
  15. ^ Jump up to: a b Fischer, Blair R. (September 4, 1998). "Malice in Chains". Rolling Stone. Retrieved January 30, 2008.
  16. ^ de Sola, David (August 4, 2015). Alice in Chains: The Untold Story. Thomas Dunne Books. pp. 171–178. ISBN 978-1250048073.
  17. ^ "Alice In Chains – Dirt – The Gear Behind The Tone". KillerGuitarRigs.com. May 23, 2020.
  18. ^ "Would? by Alice in Chains". Setlist.fm. Retrieved July 22, 2018.
  19. ^ Jump up to: a b Turman, Katherine (February 1993). "Digging Dirt". RIP.
  20. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g Drew Masters (December 1992). "Choice Cut of the Month". M.E.A.T. No. 39. p. 18.
  21. ^ Wiederhorn, Jon (February 8, 1996). "To Hell and Back". Rolling Stone. Archived from the original on April 5, 2006. Retrieved January 30, 2008.
  22. ^ Dave Kerr (November 13, 2013). "A Looking In View: Jerry Cantrell on Alice in Chains' legacy". The Skinny. Retrieved July 25, 2017.
  23. ^ Jump up to: a b c d "Alice In Chains – Digging Dirt". Users.stargate.net. RIP Magazine – February 1993. Archived from the original on October 14, 2003. Retrieved March 31, 2014.
  24. ^ Yates, Henry (November 15, 2006). "Alice In Chains: the story behind Rooster". Team Rock. Retrieved July 22, 2018.
  25. ^ "Alice in Chains Concert Setlist at Aloha Tower, Honolulu on January 8, 1993". Setlist.fm. Retrieved July 27, 2016.
  26. ^ Yates, Henry (August 24, 2018). "Out of Darkness". Guitarist Magazine. UK. p. 83.
  27. ^ "Alice In Chains – Down In A Hole". U of Music. February 13, 2016. Archived from the original on June 13, 2018. Retrieved July 22, 2018.
  28. ^ "Jerry Cantrell wrote Alice in Chains' "Would?" as a tribute to Andrew Wood from Mother Love Bone". YouTube. July 8, 2017. Retrieved November 4, 2017.
  29. ^ Appelo, Tim (July 14, 1992). "Heroin's Tragedy". Entertainment Weekly.
  30. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f Bennett, J. (January 1, 2011). "Alice In Chains' 'Dirt': The Story Behind the Cover Art". Revolver Magazine. Retrieved July 22, 2018.
  31. ^ de Sola, David (August 4, 2015). Alice in Chains: The Untold Story. Thomas Dunne Books. p. 179. ISBN 978-1250048073.
  32. ^ de Sola, David (August 4, 2015). Alice in Chains: The Untold Story. Thomas Dunne Books. p. 180. ISBN 978-1250048073.
  33. ^ "Alice In Chains – A Looking in View". YouTube. September 2, 2009. Retrieved July 22, 2017.
  34. ^ "Black Gives Way to Blue CD". Warner Music. Retrieved July 22, 2018.[permanent dead link]
  35. ^ "Dirt Chart History". Billboard. Retrieved June 4, 2020.
  36. ^ "Dirt – Alice in Chains : Awards (Billboard Singles)". AllMusic. Rovi Corporation. Archived from the original on October 10, 2012. Retrieved June 4, 2020.
  37. ^ "Billboard 200 Chart - Week of September 24, 1994". Billboard. Retrieved June 4, 2020.
  38. ^ Jump up to: a b "American album certifications – Alice in Chains – Dirt". Recording Industry Association of America.
  39. ^ Jump up to: a b "Canadian album certifications – Alice in Chains – Dirt". Music Canada. Retrieved February 26, 2017.
  40. ^ Jump up to: a b "British album certifications – Alice in Chains – Dirt". British Phonographic Industry.
  41. ^ Caulfield, Keith. "Ask Billboard: Alice in Chains, Anthony Hamilton, Jay-Z". Billboard.com. Retrieved November 20, 2012.
  42. ^ Jump up to: a b "Alice in Chains – Dirt". Music on Vinyl. November 23, 2009. Retrieved July 22, 2018.
  43. ^ "Dirt [180g Vinyl]". Amazon. Retrieved July 22, 2018.
  44. ^ Jump up to: a b Huey, Steve. "Dirt – Alice in Chains". AllMusic. Retrieved May 29, 2013.
  45. ^ Herrmann, Brenda (October 22, 1992). "Alice in Chains: Dirt (Columbia)". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved September 9, 2016.
  46. ^ Christgau, Robert (2000). "Alice in Chains: Dirt". Christgau's Consumer Guide: Albums of the '90s. Macmillan Publishers. p. 4. ISBN 0-312-24560-2. Retrieved October 31, 2015.
  47. ^ Larkin, Colin (2011). The Encyclopedia of Popular Music (5th concise ed.). Omnibus Press. ISBN 978-0-85712-595-8.
  48. ^ Garza, Janiss (October 16, 1992). "Dirt". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved August 23, 2009.
  49. ^ Jump up to: a b Kaye, Don (October 3, 1992). "Alice in Chains 'Dirt'". Kerrang!. 412. London, UK: EMAP.
  50. ^ "Alice in Chains: Dirt". Q (187): 120. February 2002.
  51. ^ Kot, Greg (2004). "Alice in Chains". In Brackett, Nathan; Hoard, Christian (eds.). The New Rolling Stone Album Guide (4th ed.). Simon & Schuster. p. 13. ISBN 0-7432-0169-8.
  52. ^ Weisbard, Eric; Marks, Craig, eds. (1995). Spin Alternative Record Guide. Vintage Books. ISBN 0-679-75574-8.
  53. ^ "Alice in Chains: Dirt". Vox (27): 63. December 1992.
  54. ^ Jump up to: a b Christopher, Michael (September 23, 2003). "Alice in Chains: Dirt". PopMatters. Retrieved November 16, 2012.
  55. ^ Jump up to: a b Gill, Chris (September 1999). "Dirt". Guitar World.
  56. ^ Conway, James. "How Haven't You Heard ... Alice in Chains – Dirt". Vulture Hound Magazine. Retrieved November 16, 2012.
  57. ^ "1992 Kerrang! Critic's Choice Albums of the Year". Kerrang! (423): 17–19. December 19, 1992.
  58. ^ "Alice in Chains – Artist chart History". Billboard.com. Retrieved November 9, 2007.
  59. ^ Wiederhorn, Jon (April 6, 2004). "Remembering Layne Staley: The Other Great Seattle Musician to Die on April 5". VH1. Retrieved December 22, 2007.
  60. ^ "35th Grammy Awards – 1993". Rockonthenet.com. Retrieved December 8, 2007.
  61. ^ "1993 MTV Video Music Awards". Rockonthenet.com. Retrieved December 8, 2007.
  62. ^ "1001 Albums You Must Hear – 2008 Edition". RockList.net. Retrieved November 20, 2012.
  63. ^ "Metallica, Pantera: Top Albums of Last 17 Years". ultimate-guitar.com. April 30, 2008.
  64. ^ Grassi, Tony. "Photo Gallery: The Top 10 Guitar Albums of 1992". GuitarWorld.com. Retrieved October 24, 2011.
  65. ^ "50 Greatest Grunge Albums". Rolling Stone. April 1, 2019.
  66. ^ de Sola, David (August 4, 2015). Alice in Chains: The Untold Story. Thomas Dunne Books. pp. 191–194. ISBN 978-1250048073.
  67. ^ "2006 band bio - Aliceinchains.com". Aliceinchains.com. Archived from the original on July 19, 2006. Retrieved December 14, 2007.
  68. ^ D'Angelo, Joe (April 20, 2002). "Layne Staley, Alice in Chains Singer, Dead at 34". VH1. Retrieved November 25, 2007.
  69. ^ "CD Album – Alice In Chains – Dirt". 45worlds.com. Retrieved July 30, 2018.
  70. ^ "Alice In Chains – Dirt (1992 U.S. pressing)". Discogs. Retrieved July 5, 2020.
  71. ^ "Alice In Chains – Dirt (1992 Canadian pressing)". Discogs. Retrieved July 5, 2020.
  72. ^ "Dirt by Alice In Chains". Legacy Recordings. Retrieved July 22, 2018.
  73. ^ "Australiancharts.com – Alice in Chains – Dirt". Hung Medien. Retrieved 14 August 2016.
  74. ^ "RPM 100 Albums". RPM. Vol. 56 no. 20. November 14, 1992. Archived from the original on October 5, 2012. Retrieved October 15, 2019.
  75. ^ "Dutchcharts.nl – Alice in Chains – Dirt" (in Dutch). Hung Medien. Retrieved August 14, 2016.
  76. ^ "Offiziellecharts.de – Alice in Chains – Dirt" (in German). GfK Entertainment Charts. Retrieved August 14, 2016.
  77. ^ "Charts.nz – Alice in Chains – Dirt". Hung Medien. Retrieved August 14, 2016.
  78. ^ "Norwegiancharts.com – Alice in Chains – Dirt". Hung Medien. Retrieved August 14, 2016.
  79. ^ "Swedishcharts.com – Alice in Chains – Dirt". Hung Medien. Retrieved August 14, 2016.
  80. ^ "Alice in Chains | Artist | Official Charts". UK Albums Chart. Retrieved August 14, 2016.
  81. ^ "Alice in Chains Chart History (Billboard 200)". Billboard. Retrieved August 14, 2016.
  82. ^ "Top Billboard 200 Albums – Year-End 1993". Billboard. Retrieved May 26, 2021.

External links[]

Retrieved from ""