Epander
Epander Nikephoros ("Victorious") | |
---|---|
Indo-Greek king | |
Reign | 95–90 BC |
Epander (Greek: Ἔπανδρος) was one of the Indo-Greek kings. He may have been a relative of Menander I, and the findplaces of his coins seem to indicate that he ruled in the area of Punjab.
Time of reign[]
Bopearachchi dates Epander to c. 95–90 BC and R. C. Senior to c. 80 BC. The scarcity of his coins indicate that his reign was short and/or his territory limited.
Coins of Epander[]
Epander's silver drachms portray the king in diadem with a reverse of Athena fighting which was the type of Menander I. Epander probably claimed ancestry from this important king, but his epithet Nikephoros (Victorious) was unique to kings using this reverse: their title was usually Soter (Saviour). He struck no Attic (monolingual) coins.
Overstrikes[]
Epander overstruck coins of Strato I and Philoxenus.
Greco-Bactrian kings | Indo-Greek kings | |||||||||||
Territories/ dates |
West Bactria | East Bactria | Paropamisade |
Arachosia | Gandhara | Western Punjab | Eastern Punjab | Mathura[2] | ||||
326-325 BCE | Campaigns of Alexander the Great in India | Nanda Empire | ||||||||||
312 BCE | Creation of the Seleucid Empire | Creation of the Maurya Empire | ||||||||||
305 BCE | Seleucid Empire after Mauryan war | Maurya Empire | ||||||||||
280 BCE | Foundation of Ai-Khanoum | |||||||||||
255–239 BCE | Independence of the Greco-Bactrian kingdom Diodotus I |
Emperor Ashoka (268-232) | ||||||||||
239–223 BCE | Diodotus II | |||||||||||
230–200 BCE | Euthydemus I | |||||||||||
200–190 BCE | Demetrius I | Sunga Empire | ||||||||||
190-185 BCE | Euthydemus II | |||||||||||
190–180 BCE | Agathocles | Pantaleon | ||||||||||
185–170 BCE | Antimachus I | |||||||||||
180–160 BCE | Apollodotus I | |||||||||||
175–170 BCE | Demetrius II | |||||||||||
160–155 BCE | Antimachus II | |||||||||||
170–145 BCE | Eucratides I | |||||||||||
155–130 BCE | Yuezhi occupation, loss of Ai-Khanoum |
Eucratides II Plato Heliocles I |
Menander I | |||||||||
130–120 BCE | Yuezhi occupation | Zoilos I | Agathokleia | Yavanarajya inscription | ||||||||
120–110 BCE | Lysias | Strato I | ||||||||||
110–100 BCE | Antialcidas | Heliokles II | ||||||||||
100 BCE | Polyxenos | Demetrius III | ||||||||||
100–95 BCE | Philoxenus | |||||||||||
95–90 BCE | Diomedes | Amyntas | Epander | |||||||||
90 BCE | Theophilos | Peukolaos | Thraso | |||||||||
90–85 BCE | Nicias | Menander II | Artemidoros | |||||||||
90–70 BCE | Hermaeus | Archebius | ||||||||||
Yuezhi occupation | Maues (Indo-Scythian) | |||||||||||
75–70 BCE | Vonones | Telephos | Apollodotus II | |||||||||
65–55 BCE | Spalirises | Hippostratos | Dionysios | |||||||||
55–35 BCE | Azes I (Indo-Scythians) | Zoilos II | ||||||||||
55–35 BCE | Vijayamitra/ Azilises | Apollophanes | ||||||||||
25 BCE – 10 CE | Gondophares | Zeionises | Kharahostes | Strato II Strato III |
||||||||
Gondophares (Indo-Parthian) | Rajuvula (Indo-Scythian) | |||||||||||
Kujula Kadphises (Kushan Empire) | Bhadayasa (Indo-Scythian) |
Sodasa (Indo-Scythian) |
See also[]
- Greco-Bactrian Kingdom
- Seleucid Empire
- Greco-Buddhism
- Indo-Scythians
- Indo-Parthian Kingdom
- Kushan Empire
References[]
- The Greeks in Bactria and India, W.W. Tarn, Cambridge University Press.
External links[]
- ^ O. Bopearachchi, "Monnaies gréco-bactriennes et indo-grecques, Catalogue raisonné", Bibliothèque Nationale, Paris, 1991, p.453
- ^ Quintanilla, Sonya Rhie (2 April 2019). "History of Early Stone Sculpture at Mathura: Ca. 150 BCE - 100 CE". BRILL – via Google Books.
Categories:
- Indo-Greek kings
- 1st-century BC rulers in Asia