Philip II Philoromaeus

Philip II Philoromaeus
Philip II Philoromaeus
Friend of the Romans
King of the Seleucid Empire (King of Syria)
Reign	65–64 BC - client king under Pompey, for a time in opposition to Antiochus XIII Asiaticus
Predecessor	Antiochus XIII Asiaticus
Born	Unknown
Died	Possibly 56 BC
Dynasty	Seleucid
Father	Philip I Philadelphus

Philip II Philoromaeus (Greek: Φίλιππος ὁ Φιλορωμαῖος, "Friend of the Romans") or Barypous (Βαρύπους, "Heavy-foot"), a ruler of the Hellenistic Seleucid kingdom, was the son of the Seleucid king Philip I Philadelphus, and the last Seleucid king.

Biography[]

Philip II himself briefly ruled parts of Syria in the 60s BC, as a client king under Pompey. He competed with his second cousin Antiochus XIII Asiaticus for the favours of the great Roman general, but Pompey would have none of them and had Antiochus murdered. No coins of Philip II are known, which is unusual for Seleucid rulers (the ephemeral Seleucus V Philometor is the only other king for whom this is the case). This may indicate that Philip did not rule in any of the mint cities.

Philip may have survived his deposition: a Seleucid prince Philip is mentioned as a prospective bridegroom to queen Berenice IV of Egypt, sister of Cleopatra VII in 56 BC. The union was, however, checked by the Roman governor of Syria Aulus Gabinius who probably had Philip II killed.

Philip himself was indeed an insignificant pawn, but with him ended eleven generations of Seleucid kings, arguably some of the most influential rulers of the Hellenistic world.

References[]

Citations[]

Sources[]

MacKay, Theodora Stillwell (1968). Olba in Rough Cilicia. Bryn Mawr College. p. 91. OCLC 14582261.
Durukan, Murat (2009). "The Connection of Eastern and Central Cilicia with Piracy". Adalya: The Annual of the Suna & İnan Kıraç Research Institute on Mediterranean Civilizations. Suna & İnan Kıraç Research Institute on Mediterranean Civilizations. 12. ISSN 1301-2746.
Ehling, Kay (2008). Untersuchungen Zur Geschichte Der Späten Seleukiden (164-63 v. Chr.) Vom Tode Antiochos IV. Bis Zur Einrichtung Der Provinz Syria Unter Pompeius. Historia – Einzelschriften (in German). 196. Franz Steiner Verlag. ISBN 978-3-515-09035-3. ISSN 0071-7665.
Tempesta, Claudia (2013). "Central and Local Powers in Hellenistic Rough Cilicia". In Hoff, Michael C.; Townsend, Rhys F. (eds.). Rough Cilicia: New Historical and Archaeological Approaches. Proceedings of an International Conference Held at Lincoln, Nebraska, October 2007. Oxbow Books. p. 40. ISBN 978-1-842-17518-7.
Tatum, W. Jeffrey (1999). The Patrician Tribune: Publius Clodius Pulcher. Studies in the History of Greece and Rome. University of North Carolina Press. ISBN 978-1-469-62065-7.
Ach, Kai Tramped (2001). "Tempel und Grossmacht: Olba in Hellenistischer Zeit". In Jean, Eric; Dinçol, Ali M.; Durugönül, Serra (eds.). La Cilicie: Espaces et Pouvoirs Locaux (2e millénaire av. J.-C. – 4e siècle ap. J.-C.). Actes de la Table Ronde d’Istanbul, 2-5 Novembre 1999. Varia Anatolica (in German). 13. Cambridge University Press. p. 274. ISBN 978-2-906-05364-9.
Keil, Josef; Wilhelm, Adolf (1931). Denkmäler aus dem Rauhen Kilikien. Monumenta Asiae Minoris Antiqua (in German). III. Manchester: The University Press. p. 64. OCLC 769301925.
Vérilhac, Anne-Marie; Dagron, Gérard (1974). "Une Nouvelle Inscription du Temple de Zeus à Diocésarée Uzuncaburç (Cilicie)". Revue des Études Anciennes (in French). Presses Universitaires de Bordeaux. 76 (3/4). ISSN 0035-2004.
Dobláš, Josef (1924). "Φίλιππος Βαϱύπους. Příspěvek к Dějinám Posledních Seleukovců". Listy Filologické/Folia Philologica (in Czech). Centre for Classical Studies at the Institute of Philosophy of the Czech Academy of Sciences. 51 (4/5). ISSN 0024-4457. JSTOR 23454237.

External links[]

Livius entry by Jona Lendering

Regnal titles
Philip II Philoromaeus Seleucid dynasty Born: Unknown Died: Possibly 56 BC
Preceded by Antiochus XIII Asiaticus	Seleucid King (King of Syria) 65–64 BC	Annexation to the Roman Republic

show v t Hellenistic rulers
Argeads	Philip II Alexander III the Great Philip III Arrhidaeus Alexander IV
Antigonids	Antigonus I Monophthalmus Demetrius I Poliorcetes Antigonus II Gonatas Demetrius II Aetolicus Antigonus III Doson Philip V Perseus Philip VI (pretender)
Ptolemies	Ptolemy I Soter Ptolemy Keraunos Ptolemy II Philadelphus Ptolemy III Euergetes Ptolemy IV Philopator Ptolemy V Epiphanes Cleopatra I Syra (regent) Ptolemy VI Philometor Ptolemy VII Neos Philopator Cleopatra II Philometor Soter Ptolemy VIII Physcon Cleopatra III Ptolemy IX Lathyros Ptolemy X Alexander Berenice III Ptolemy XI Alexander Ptolemy XII Auletes Cleopatra VI Tryphaena Berenice IV Epiphanea Ptolemy XIII Ptolemy XIV Cleopatra VII Philopator Ptolemy XV Caesarion
Kings of Cyrene	Magas Demetrius the Fair Ptolemy VIII Physcon Ptolemy Apion
Seleucids	Seleucus I Nicator Antiochus I Soter Antiochus II Theos Seleucus II Callinicus Seleucus III Ceraunus Antiochus III the Great Seleucus IV Philopator Antiochus IV Epiphanes Antiochus V Eupator Demetrius I Soter Alexander I Balas Demetrius II Nicator Antiochus VI Dionysus Diodotus Tryphon Antiochus VII Sidetes Alexander II Zabinas Seleucus V Philometor Antiochus VIII Grypus Antiochus IX Cyzicenus Seleucus VI Epiphanes Antiochus X Eusebes Antiochus XI Epiphanes Demetrius III Eucaerus Philip I Philadelphus Antiochus XII Dionysus Antiochus XIII Asiaticus Philip II Philoromaeus
Lysimachids	Lysimachus Ptolemy Epigonos
Antipatrids	Cassander Philip IV Alexander V Antipater II Antipater Etesias Sosthenes
Attalids	Philetaerus Eumenes I Attalus I Eumenes II Attalus II Attalus III Eumenes III
Greco-Bactrians	Diodotus I Diodotus II Euthydemus I Demetrius I Euthydemus II Antimachus I Pantaleon Agathocles Demetrius II Eucratides I Plato Eucratides II Heliocles I
Indo-Greeks	Demetrius I Antimachus I Pantaleon Agathocles Apollodotus I Demetrius II Antimachus II Menander I Zoilos I Agathokleia Lysias Strato I Antialcidas Heliokles II Polyxenos Demetrius III Philoxenus Diomedes Amyntas Epander Theophilos Peukolaos Thraso Nicias Menander II Artemidoros Hermaeus Archebius Telephos Apollodotus II Hippostratos Dionysios Zoilos II Apollophanes Strato II Strato III
Kings of Bithynia	Boteiras Bas Zipoetes I Nicomedes I Zipoetes II Etazeta (regent) Ziaelas Prusias I Prusias II Nicomedes II Nicomedes III Nicomedes IV Socrates Chrestus
Kings of Pontus	Mithridates I Ctistes Ariobarzanes Mithridates II Mithridates III Pharnaces I Mithridates IV Philopator Philadephos Mithridates V Euergetes Mithridates VI Eupator Pharnaces II Darius Arsaces Polemon I Pythodorida Polemon II
Kings of Commagene	Ptolemaeus Sames II Mithridates I Antiochus I Mithridates II Antiochus II Mithridates III Antiochus III Antiochus IV
Kings of Cappadocia	Ariarathes I Ariarathes II Ariamnes II Ariarathes III Ariarathes IV Ariarathes V Orophernes Ariarathes VI Ariarathes VII Ariarathes VIII Ariarathes IX Ariobarzanes I Ariobarzanes II Ariobarzanes III Ariarathes X Archelaus
Kings of the Cimmerian Bosporus	Paerisades I Satyros II Prytanis Eumelos Spartokos III Hygiainon (regent) Paerisades II Spartokos IV Leukon II Spartokos V Paerisades III Paerisades IV Paerisades V Mithridates I Pharnaces Asander with Dynamis Mithridates II Asander with Dynamis Scribonius’ attempted rule with Dynamis Dynamis with Polemon Polemon with Pythodorida Aspurgus Mithridates III with Gepaepyris Mithridates III Cotys I
Hellenistic rulers were preceded by Hellenistic satraps in most of their territories.