Ethnic origins of people in Canada

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Listed here are the ethnic groups of Canadian residents (citizens, landed immigrants and non-citizen temporary residents) as self-identified in the 2016 census in which approximately 35,151,000 census forms were completed). The relevant census question asked for "the ethnic or cultural origins" of the respondent's ancestors and not the respondents themselves.

As data were collected by self-declaration, ethnic groups may not necessarily correspond to the true ancestry of respondents.[1] Many respondents acknowledged multiple ancestries. These people were added to the "multiple origin" total for each origin listed. These include responses as varied as a respondent who listed eight different origins and a respondent who answered "French Canadian" (leading to him/her being counted once for "French" and once for "Canadian"). As with all self-reported data, understanding of the question may have varied from respondent to respondent.

Larger ethnic origins (200,000 or more individuals per group; 2016 census)[]

Map of the dominant self-identified ethnic origins per census division of 2006
[2]
Ethnicity[3] Combined
responses[3] 		As single
response[3] 		One of multiple
responses[3]
Canadian[a] 11,135,965 6,436,940 4,699,030
English 6,320,085 1,098,930 5,221,150
Scottish 4,799,010 475,575 4,323,430
French 4,670,595 1,006,180 3,664,415
Irish 4,627,000 457,905 4,169,095
German 3,322,405 569,650 2,752,750
Chinese 1,769,195 1,439,980 329,215
Italian 1,587,970 695,420 892,550
First Nations[b] 1,525,565 526,570 999,000
Indian (from India) 1,374,710 1,096,845 277,865
Ukrainian 1,359,655 273,810 1,085,845
Dutch 1,111,655 289,675 821,980
Polish 1,106,585 264,415 842,170
Filipino 837,130 651,390 185,740
British Isles,
not included elsewhere		 644,695 132,830 511,865
Russian 622,445 120,165 502,280
Métis 600,000 91,255 508,740
Portuguese 482,610 264,815 217,790
Welsh 474,805 25,190 449,615
Norwegian 463,275 35,905 427,370
Spanish 396,460 70,330 326,130
American 377,410 29,590 347,810
Swedish 349,640 21,775 327,870
Hungarian (Magyar) 348,085 83,400 264,685
Jamaican 309,485 161,495 147,995
Greek 271,405 141,580 129,830
Vietnamese 240,615 165,385 75,225
Romanian 238,050 96,910 141,145
Lebanese 219,555 130,590 88,965
Pakistani 215,555 156,300 59,255
African,
not included elsewhere		 212,005 76,790 135,210
Iranian 210,405 170,755 39,650
Danish 207,470 26,985 180,485
Austrian 207,050 20,225 186,820

Smaller ethnic origins (2016 census)[]

Ethnicity[3] Combined
responses[3] 		As single
response[3] 		One of multiple
responses
per respondent[3]
Korean 198,210 177,920 20,285
Québécois 194,555 119,985 74,575
Belgian 186,665 31,765 154,89
Haitian 165,100 125,780 39,32
Swiss 155,120 25,235 129,885
Sri Lankan 152,590 114,120 38,475
Jewish 143,660 39,710 103,950
Finnish 143,645 25,875 117,765
Croatian 133,965 55,595 78,370
Mexican 128,480 54,300 74,180
Japanese 121,485 56,725 64,760
Acadian 119,670 22,980 96,690
Punjabi,
not included elsewhere		 118,400 71,535 46,860
Arab,
not included elsewhere		 111,405 73,330 38,070
Czech 104,585 23,250 81,330
Moroccan 103,945 72,625 31,320
Icelandic 101,795 8,630 93,165
Egyptian 99,140 62,910 36,230
Serbian 96,535 52,730 43,800
Colombian 96,325 69,040 27,285
Guyanese 84,275 30,825 53,445
Afghan 83,995 70,240 13,755
Inuit 79,130 44,760 34,37
Trinidadian/Tobagonian 78,965 23,900 55,065
Syrian 77,050 43,685 33,36
South Asian,
not included elsewhere		 76,400 55,445 20,955
Slovak 72,290 20,475 51,815
Iraqi 70,925 54,555 16,365
West Indian 70,275 30,260 40,010
European,
not included elsewhere		 67,895 33,360 34,53
Algerian 67,330 49,520 17,810
Salvadorean 66,215 40,510 25,705
Turk 63,955 29,885 34,070
Armenian 63,810 34,560 29,250
Somali 62,550 54,750 7,790
Lithuanian 59,285 11,185 48,095
Scandinavian,
not included elsewhere		 52,785 5,085 47,695
Nigerian 51,835 38,165 13,670
Tamil
not included elsewhere		 48,670 22,145 26,525
Bangladeshi 58,735 45,945 39,255
Chilean 45,190 18,685 26,510
Palestinian 44,820 25,195 19,630
Ethiopian 44,060 34,260 9,805
Macedonian 43,110 18,405 24,705
Australian 42,315 4,520 37,800
Peruvian 42,145 20,645 21,500
Maltese 41,915 12,820 29,100
South African 41,380 8,005 33,37
Czechoslovakian,
not otherwise specified		 40,715 5,075 35,640
Slovenian 40,470 13,690 26,78
Cambodian 38,490 21,445 17,045
Yugoslav
not included elsewhere		 38,480 8,570 29,91
Congolese 38,370 29,675 8,685
Barbadian 37,775 11,605 26,170
Berber 37,060 22,965 14,100
Brazilian 36,830 11,035 25,795
Taiwanese 36,515 23,260 13,250
Albanian 36,185 28,425 7,760
Ghanaian 35,495 26,535 8,960
Bulgarian 34,560 19,965 14,595
Latvian 30,725 7,040 23,685
Black 30,385 5,535 24,855
Cuban 29,065 10,040 19,030
Israeli 28,740 6,450 22,280
Latin, Central or South American,
not included elsewhere		 28,455 14,295 14,155
Caribbean,
not included elsewhere		 26,830 8,930 17,900
Bosnian 26,740 15,610 11,125
Venezuelan 26,345 10,305 16,040
Guatemalan 26,270 13,905 12,370
Tunisian 25,650 17,620 8,030
Ecuadorian 25,410 13,925 11,485
West Asian,
not included elsewhere		 25,285 13,430 11,855
Eritrean 25,255 20,625 4,630
Cameroonian 24,615 20,605 4,010
Laotian 24,580 13,375 11,205
Estonian 24,530 6,155 18,375
Dominican 23,130 9,930 13,200
Bengali 22,905 18,435 4,470
Asian,
not otherwise specified		 22,740 15,760 6,980
Aboriginal from Central/South America 22,720 2,080 20,645
Newfoundlander 22,215 4,895 17,325
Indonesian 21,395 4,775 16,615
Belorusian 20,710 5,125 15,585
Argentinian 20,680 4,165 16,510
Eastern European,
not included elsewhere		 20,420 5,875 14,545
Sudanese 19,960 15,250 4,710
Fijian 19,370 8,270 11,105
Thai 19,005 7,740 11,265
Grenadian 17,915 7,515 10,400
Vincentian/Grenadinian 17,425 7,245 10,180
East African 17,305 7,220 10,085
Nepali 17,135 13,695 3,440
Malaysian 16,920 2,555 14,365
Kurdish 16,320 10,470 5,845
New Zealander 15,395 1,300 14,095
Central and West African origins,
not included elsewhere		 15,380 7,800 7,585
Moldovan 14,915 7,415 7,505
Jordanian 14,250 7,955 6,295
Assyrian 13,830 8,870 4,960
Nicaraguan 13,705 6,360 7,350
Breton 11,845 3,230 8,615
Flemish 11,685 1,485 10,200
Hispanic 11,050 5,660 5,395
Burundian 10,990 8,965 2,025
10,935 7,795 3,140
Kenyan 10,915 5,445 5,465
Rwandan 10,775 8,080 2,690
Honduran 10,650 5,325 5,325
10,175 6,490 3,685
Yoruba 9,585 6,870 2,715
Burmese 9,335 4,660 4,675
Mauritian 9,325 3,520 5,805
St. Lucian 8,985 4,040 4,945
Gujarati 8,350 5,290 3,060
Zimbabwean 8,090 4,945 3,140
Tibetan 8,040 7,015 1,030
Libyan 7,745 5,755 1,985
Mongolian 7,480 2,555 4,925
Sinhalese 7,285 4,355 2,930
Guinean 7,240 4,705 2,540
Basque 6,970 715 6,250
Sicilian 6,940 1,345 5,600
Saudi Arabian 6,810 4,200 2,615
Uruguayan 6,795 1,810 4,985
Yemeni 6,640 2,940 3,700
East or Southeast Asian,
not included elsewhere		 6,505 4,235 2,270
Azerbaijani 6,425 2,280 4,145
Maya 6,290 1,180 5,105
6,125 285 5,845
North African,
not included elsewhere		 6,115 2,905 3,210
Goan 6,070 2,040 4,030
5,705 3,245 2,460
Cypriot 5,650 1,265 4,385
Costa Rican 5,535 2,140 3,395
Igbo 5,320 3,475 1,845
5,300 3,095 2,205
5,055 1,890 3,160
Beninese 4,990 2,650 2,340
Slavic,
not otherwise specified		 4,870 1,470 3,400
Tatar 4,825 880 3,940
Pashtun 4,810 2,245 2,565
Georgian 4,775 1,900 2,875
4,761 1,886 2,875
4,710 1,835 2,875
Panamanian 4,700 1,090 3,610
Roma (Gypsy) 4,630 745 3,895
Frisian 4,590 795 3,790
Karen 4,515 3,835 680
Antiguan 4,505 1,275 3,225
4,500 2,155 2,345
4,485 2,310 2,180
4,325 670 3,660
Montenegrin 4,165 915 3,245
Bantu,
not otherwise specified		 3,965 2,315 1,645
Uzbek 3,920 1,730 2,190
Luxembourger 3,915 440 3,475
3,670 810 2,860
Bhutanese 3,600 2,440 1,160
Channel Islander 3,590 435 3,155
Coptic 3,535 1,490 2,040
Puerto Rican 3,410 445 2,960
Western European origins,
not included elsewhere		 3,370 840 2,530
3,355 2,410 945
Kazakh 3,325 1,465 1,860
3,295 120 3,175
Burkinabe 3,155 1,980 1,165
Kashmiri 3,115 1,095 2,020
3,075 310 2,765
3,035 130 2,905
Angolan 2,955 1,140 1,820
Kittitian/Nevisian 2,920 750 2,165
Tajik 2,910 1,240 1,665
Kosovar 2,870 1,710 1,160
Singaporean 2,850 495 2,355
Alsatian 2,800 375 2,425
Sierra Leonean 2,620 1,580 1,040
Maori 2,500 155 2,345
Liberian 2,485 1,520 965
Peulh 2,440 1,425 1,015
Pacific Islands origins,
not included elsewhere		 2,335 470 1,865
Kuwaiti 2,235 1,080 1,155
Southern European origins,
not included elsewhere		 2,165 440 1,730
Tigrian 2,155 1,340 810
Martinican 2,005 370 1,635
Cornish 1,970 120 1,855
Akan 1,955 1,235 720
Edo 1,945 1,180 765
Other North American origins,
not included elsewhere		 1,895 655 1,240
Afrikaner 1,870 280 1,595
Zambian 1,865 1,055 805
Chadian 1,845 1,185 655
Belizean 1,755 250 1,505
Corsican 1,750 165 1,590
Djiboutian 1,710 980 730
Ashanti 1,585 765 825
Uighur 1,555 1,010 540
Amhara 1,530 710 820
Samoan 1,530 150 1,375
Hazara 1,515 585 930
Arawak 1,440 55 1,385
Gabonese 1,405 595 820
Seychellois 1,285 575 710
Catalan 1,275 200 1,075
Maure 1,190 400 790
Guadeloupean 1,130 245 885
Malinké 1,120 675 455
Polynesian,
not otherwise specified		 1,105 90 1,015
Kyrgyz 1,060 580 475
Turkmen 1,040 390 655
Gambian 975 580 395
Zulu 945 285 660
Bavarian 940 50 890
Montserratian 935 190 745
Dinka 900 585 320
Ewe 845 320 525
Wolof 835 465 375
Hmong 810 585 220
Harari 660 395 265

Evolution from 1996 to 2016[]

As regards combined responses, Canadian is the most common ethnic origin (11,113,965) in the 2016 Census (see above). This was also the case in the 2011 NHS (10,563,805),[4] 2006 Census (10,066,290),[5] 2001 Census (11,682,680),[6] and the 1996 Census (8,806,975).[7] Canadian was also the most common single ethnic origin in the 1996 (5,326,995), 2001 (6,748,135), 2006 (5,748,725), 2011 (5,834,535), and 2016 (6,436,940).

Ethnic Origin (Single Responses), 1996-2016
1996[7] 2001[6] 2006[5] 2011[4] 2016[8]
# Ethnic Origin Pop. # Ethnic Origin Pop. # Ethnic Origin Pop. # Ethnic Origin Pop. # Ethnic Origin Pop.
1 Canadian 5,326,995 1 Canadian 6,748,135 1 Canadian 5,748,725 1 Canadian 5,834,535 1 Canadian 6,436,940
2 French 2,665,250 2 English 1,479,525 2 English 1,367,125 2 English 1,312,570 2 Chinese 1,439,980
3 English 2,048,275 3 French 1,060,760 3 French 1,230,535 3 Chinese 1,210,945 3 English 1,098,925
4 Chinese 800,470 4 Chinese 936,210 4 Chinese 1,135,365 4 French 1,165,465 4 East Indian 1,096,850
5 Italian 729,455 5 Italian 726,275 5 East Indian 780,175 5 East Indian 919,155 5 French 1,006,180
6 German 726,145 6 German 705,600 6 Italian 741,045 6 Italian 700,845 6 Italian 695,415
7 Scottish 642,970 7 Scottish 607,235 7 German 670,640 7 German 608,520 7 Filipino 651,390
8 Irish 504,030 8 East Indian 581,665 8 Scottish 568,515 8 Scottish 544,440 8 German 569,650
9 East Indian 438,770 9 Irish 496,865 9 North American Indian 512,150 9 First Nations 517,550 9 First Nations 526,570
10 North American Indian 394,555 10 North American Indian 455,805 10 Irish 491,030 10 Filipino 506,545 10 Scottish 475,575
11 Ukrainian 331,680 11 Ukrainian 326,195 11 Filipino 321,390 11 Irish 506,445 11 Irish 457,905
12 Dutch 313,880 12 Dutch 316,220 12 Dutch 303,400 12 Dutch 297,885 12 Dutch 289,675
13 Polish 265,930 13 Filipino 266,140 13 Ukrainian 300,590 13 Ukrainian 276,055 13 Ukrainian 273,810
14 Portuguese 252,640 14 Polish 260,415 14 Polish 269,375 14 Polish 255,135 14 Portuguese 264,815
15 Filipino 198,420 15 Portuguese 252,835 15 Portuguese 262,230 15 Portuguese 250,320 15 Polish 264,415
16 Jewish 195,810 16 Jewish 186,475 16 Greek 145,250 16 Vietnamese 157,450 16 Korean 177,925
17 Greek 144,940 17 Greek 143,785 17 Korean 137,790 17 Korean 154,355 17 Iranian 170,755
18 Jamaican 128,570 18 Jamaican 138,180 18 Vietnamese 136,445 18 Jamaican 142,870 18 Vietnamese 165,390
19 Vietnamese 110,390 19 Vietnamese 119,120 19 Jamaican 134,320 19 Greek 141,755 19 Jamaican 161,495
20 Hungarian 94,185 20 Korean 95,200 20 Jewish 134,045 20 Iranian 131,100 20 Pakistani 156,300


Ethnic Origin (Single and Multiple Responses), 1996-2016
1996[7] 2001[6] 2006[5] 2011[4] 2016[8]
# Ethnic Origin Pop. # Ethnic Origin Pop. # Ethnic Origin Pop. # Ethnic Origin Pop. # Ethnic Origin Pop.
1 Canadian 8,806,275 1 Canadian 11,682,680 1 Canadian 10,066,290 1 Canadian 10,563,805 1 Canadian 11,135,965
2 English 6,832,095 2 English 5,978,875 2 English 6,570,015 2 English 6,509,500 2 English 6,320,085
3 French 5,597,845 3 French 4,668,410 3 French 4,941,210 3 French 5,065,690 3 Scottish 4,799,005
4 Scottish 4,260,840 4 Scottish 4,157,210 4 Scottish 4,719,850 4 Scottish 4,714,970 4 French 4,670,595
5 Irish 3,767,610 5 Irish 3,822,660 5 Irish 4,354,155 5 Irish 4,544,870 5 Irish 4,627,000
6 German 2,757,140 6 German 2,742,765 6 German 3,179,425 6 German 3,203,330 6 German 3,322,405
7 Italian 1,207,475 7 Italian 1,270,370 7 Italian 1,445,335 7 Italian 1,488,425 7 Chinese 1,769,195
8 Ukrainian 1,026,475 8 Chinese 1,094,700 8 Chinese 1,346,510 8 Chinese 1,487,580 8 Italian 1,587,970
9 Chinese 921,585 9 Ukrainian 1,071,060 9 North American Indian 1,253,615 9 First Nations 1,369,115 9 First Nations 1,525,570
10 Dutch 916,215 10 North American Indian 1,000,890 10 Ukrainian 1,209,085 10 Ukrainian 1,251,170 10 East Indian 1,374,715
11 North American Indian 867,225 11 Dutch 923,310 11 Dutch 1,035,965 11 East Indian 1,165,145 11 Ukrainian 1,359,655
12 Polish 786,735 12 Polish 817,085 12 Polish 984,565 12 Dutch 1,067,245 12 Dutch 1,111,655
13 East Indian 548,080 13 East Indian 713,330 13 East Indian 962,665 13 Polish 1,010,705 13 Polish 1,106,585
14 Jewish 351,705 14 Norwegian 363,760 14 Russian 500,600 14 Filipino 662,600 14 Filipino 837,135
15 Norwegian 346,310 15 Portuguese 357,690 15 Welsh 440,965 15 British Isles, n.i.e. 576,030 15 British Isles, n.i.e. 644,695
16 Welsh 338,905 16 Welsh 350,365 16 Filipino 436,190 16 Russian 550,520 16 Russian 622,445
17 Portuguese 335,110 17 Jewish 348,605 17 Norwegian 432,515 17 Welsh 458,705 17 Métis 599,995
18 Swedish 278,975 18 Russian 337,960 18 Portuguese 410,850 18 Norwegian 452,705 18 Portuguese 482,605
19 Russian 272,335 19 Filipino 327,550 19 Métis 409,065 19 Métis 447,655 19 Welsh 474,805
20 Hungarian 250,525 20 Métis 307,845 20 British Isles, n.i.e. 403,915 20 Portuguese 429,850 20 Norwegian 463,275

See also[]

  • 1666 census of New France
  • Canada 1911 Census
  • Canada 1996 Census
  • Canada 2001 Census
  • Canada 2006 Census
  • Canada 2011 Census
  • Canada 2016 Census
  • Demographics of Canada
  • Immigration to Canada
  • Multiculturalism in Canada
  • Population of Canada by years

Notes[]

  1. ^ All citizens of Canada are classified as "Canadians" as defined by Canada's nationality laws. However, "Canadian" as an ethnic group has since 1996 been added to census questionnaires for possible ancestry. "Canadian" was included as an example on the English questionnaire and "Canadien" as an example on the French questionnaire. "The majority of respondents to this selection are from the eastern part of the country that was first settled. Respondents generally are visibly European (Anglophones and Francophones), however no-longer self identify with their ethnic ancestral origins. This response is attributed to a multitude or generational distance from ancestral lineage.
    Source 1: Jack Jedwab (April 2008). "Our 'Cense' of Self: the 2006 Census saw 1.6 million 'Canadian'" (PDF). Association for Canadian Studies. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 2, 2011. Retrieved March 7, 2011.
    Source 2: Don Kerr (2007). The Changing Face of Canada: Essential Readings in Population. Canadian Scholars' Press. pp. 313–317. ISBN 978-1-55130-322-2.
  2. ^ The category "North American Indian" includes respondents who indicated that their ethnic origins were from a Canadian First Nation, or another non-Canadian North American aboriginal group (excluding Inuit and Métis).
    Source: "How Statistics Canada Identifies Aboriginal Peoples". Statistics Canada. Retrieved January 16, 2011.

References[]

  1. ^ Source: "Ethnocultural Portrait of Canada – Data table". Statistics Canada. Retrieved 2011-01-16. Additional data: "2006 Census release topics". Statistics Canada. Retrieved 2011-01-16.
  2. ^ "Population and growth components (1851–2001 Censuses)". Statistics Canada. 2010. Retrieved 2011-01-19.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h "Immigration and Ethnocultural Diversity Highlight Tables". statcan.gc.ca.
  4. ^ a b c Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (2013-05-08). "2011 National Household Survey: Data tables – Ethnic Origin (264), Single and Multiple Ethnic Origin Responses (3), Generation Status (4), Age Groups (10) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2011 National Household Survey". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 2019-09-20.
  5. ^ a b c Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (2008-04-02). "Statistics Canada: Ethnocultural Portrait of Canada Highlight Tables, 2006 Census". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 2019-09-20.
  6. ^ a b c contenu, English name of the content author / Nom en anglais de l'auteur du (Date published (YYYY-MM-DD) / Date de publication (AAAA-MM-JJ)). "English title / Titre en anglais". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 2019-09-20. Check date values in: |date= (help)
  7. ^ a b c Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (1998-02-17). "1996 Census of Canada: Data tables – Population by Ethnic Origin (188) and Sex (3), Showing Single and Multiple Responses (3), for Canada, Provinces, Territories and Census Metropolitan Areas, 1996 Census (20% Sample Data)". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 2019-09-20.
  8. ^ a b Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (2017-10-25). "Ethnic Origin (279), Single and Multiple Ethnic Origin Responses (3), Generation Status (4), Age (12) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 2019-09-21.

Further reading[]

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