Extensor hallucis longus muscle

Extensor hallucis longus muscle
Extensor hallucis longus muscle
	The mucous sheaths of the tendons around the ankle. Lateral aspect. (Ext. hall. long. labeled at upper left.)
	Animation
Details
Origin	Arises from the middle portion of the fibula on the anterior surface and the interosseous membrane
Insertion	Inserts on the dorsal side of the base of the distal phalanx of the big toe
Artery	anterior tibial artery
Nerve	deep fibular nerve; deep peroneal nerve, L5 (L4-S1)
Actions	Extends (raises) the big toe and assists in dorsiflexion of the foot at the ankle. Also is a weak evertor/ invertor
Antagonist	Flexor hallucis longus, Flexor hallucis brevis
Identifiers
Latin	musculus extensor hallucis longus
TA98	A04.7.02.040
TA2	2650
FMA	22533
	Anatomical terms of muscle [edit on Wikidata]

The extensor hallucis longus muscle is a thin skeletal muscle, situated between the tibialis anterior and the extensor digitorum longus. It extends the big toe and dorsiflects the foot. It also assists with foot eversion and inversion.

Structure[]

The extensor hallucis longus muscle arises from the anterior surface of the fibula for about the middle two-fourths of its extent, medial to the origin of the extensor digitorum longus muscle. It also arises from the interosseous membrane of the leg to a similar extent.

The anterior tibial vessels and deep fibular nerve lie between it and the tibialis anterior.

The fibers pass downward, and end in a tendon, which occupies the anterior border of the muscle, passes through a distinct compartment in the cruciate crural ligament, crosses from the lateral to the medial side of the anterior tibial vessels near the bend of the ankle, and is inserted into the base of the distal phalanx of the great toe.

Opposite the metatarsophalangeal articulation, the tendon gives off a thin prolongation on either side, to cover the surface of the joint.

An expansion from the medial side of the tendon is usually inserted into the base of the proximal phalanx.

Nerve supply[]

The extensor hallucis longus muscle is supplied by the deep fibular nerve, a branch of common fibular nerve, which includes L4, L5, and S1 spinal nerve roots.

Variations[]

Occasionally united at its origin with the extensor digitorum longus.

The , a small muscle, sometimes found as a slip from the extensor hallucis longus, or from the tibialis anterior, or from the extensor digitorum longus, or as a distinct muscle; it traverses the same compartment of the transverse ligament with the extensor hallucis longus.

Function[]

The extensor hallucis longus muscle extends the big toe,^[1] dorsiflects the foot, and also assists with foot eversion and inversion.

Additional Images[]

Cross-section through middle of leg. (Extensores longi digitorum et hallucis labeled at upper left.)
Dorsum of Foot. Deep dissection.
Dorsum of Foot. Deep dissection.
Ankle joint. Deep dissection. Medial view
Ankle joint. Deep dissection. Lateral view.

References[]

This article incorporates text in the public domain from page 481 of the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918)

^ Focks, Claudia; März, Ulrich (2008-01-01), Focks, Claudia (ed.), "Chapter 4 - Acupuncture Points of the Twelve Primary Channels", Atlas of Acupuncture, Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone, pp. 79–462, doi:10.1016/b978-044310028-4.50007-2, ISBN 978-0-443-10028-4, retrieved 2021-02-21

External links[]

Anatomy photo:15:st-0402 at the SUNY Downstate Medical Center - "The Leg: Muscles"
University of Washington

[1] Focks, Claudia; März, Ulrich (2008-01-01), Focks, Claudia (ed.), "Chapter 4 - Acupuncture Points of the Twelve Primary Channels", Atlas of Acupuncture, Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone, pp. 79–462, doi:10.1016/b978-044310028-4.50007-2, ISBN 978-0-443-10028-4, retrieved 2021-02-21

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