Gorontalo language

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Gorontalo
Bahasa Hulontalo
Native toIndonesia
RegionGorontalo, Sulawesi
Native speakers
1 million (2000 census)[1]
Language family
Austronesian
  • Malayo-Polynesian
    • Philippine
      • Greater Central Philippine
        • Gorontalo-Mongondow
          • Gorontalic
            • Gorontalo
Writing system
Latin
Language codes
ISO 639-2gor
ISO 639-3gor
Glottologgoro1259
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The Gorontalo language (also called Hulontalo) is a language spoken in Gorontalo Province, Sulawesi, Indonesia by the Gorontalo people.[2]

Dialects[]

Musa Kasim et al. (1981) give five main dialects of Gorontalo: east Gorontalo, Limboto, Gorontolo City, west Gorontalo, and Tilamuta.

Phonology[]

Consonants[]

Gorontalo consonants
labial alveolar palatal velar glottal
nasal m n ɲ ŋ
plosive voiceless p t d̠ c k ʔ
voiced b d ɟ ɡ
implosive ɓ ɗ
sonorant plain w r j h
lateral l

Consonant sequences include NC (homorganic nasal–plosive), where C may be /b d t d̠ ɟ ɡ k/. Elsewhere, /b d/ are relatively rare and only occur before high vowels. /d̠/, written ⟨ḓ⟩ in the literature, is a laminal post-alveoral coronal stop that is indeterminate as to voicing. The phonemic status of [ʔ] is unclear; if [VʔV] is interpreted as vowel sequences /VV/, then this contrasts with long vowels (where the two V's are the same) and vowel sequences separated by linking glides (where the two V's are different).

Vowels[]

Gorontalo has five vowels.[3]

Gorontalo vowels
front central back
high i u
mid e o
low a

Notes[]

  1. ^ Gorontalo at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
  2. ^ "The Gorontalo Language". The linguist list. Retrieved 3 September 2010.
  3. ^ Little (1995), p. 523

References[]

  • Steinhauer, H. (1991). "Problems of Gorontalese Phonology". In Poeze, H. A.; Schoorl, P. (eds.). Excursies in Celebes: Een Bundel Bijdragen bij het Afscheid van J. Noorduyn als Directeur-Secretaris van het Koninklijk Instituut voor Taal-, Land- en Volkendkunde. KITLV Uitgeverij. pp. 325–338.
  • Little, John A. Jr. (1995). "Gorontalo". In Tryon, Darrell T. (ed.). Comparative Austronesian Dictionary: An Introduction to Austronesian Studies. 1. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. pp. 521–527.
  • Kasim, M. Musa; Wahidji, Habu; Pateda, Mansoer; Junus, Husain; Hasan, Kartin; Koem, A. P. (1981). Geografi Dialek Bahasa Gorontalo (in Indonesian). Jakarta: Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa – via repositori.kemdikbud.go.id.
  • Joest, Wilhelm (1883). Das Holontalo: Glossar und grammatische Skizze (in German). Berlin: A. Asher & Company – via archive.org.


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