Kedah Malay
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Kedah Malay | |
---|---|
بهاس ملايو قدح ภาษามลายูไทรบุรี | |
Pelat Utagha Bahasa Melayu Kedah | |
Native to | Malaysia, Thailand, Myanmar and Indonesia |
Region | Kedah, Pulau Pinang, Perlis, northern Perak (Kerian, Manjung, Larut, Matang and Selama), Trang, Satun, Ranong, Tanintharyi, Langkat, Acheh |
Ethnicity | Kedahan Malays Thai Malays Burmese Malays Jaring Halus Malays |
Native speakers | 2.6 million (2004)[1] |
Language family | Austronesian
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Dialects |
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Language codes | |
ISO 639-3 | meo |
Glottolog | keda1251 |
Kedah Malay or Kedahan (Malay: Bahasa Melayu Kedah; also known as Pelat Utara or Loghat Utara 'Northern Dialect') or as it is known in Thailand, Syburi Malay (Thai: ภาษามลายูไทรบุรี) is a variety of the Malayan languages mainly spoken in the northwestern Malaysian states of Perlis, Kedah, Penang, and northern Perak and in the southern Thai provinces of Trang and Satun. The usage of Kedah Malay was historically prevalent in southwestern Thailand before being superseded by the Thai language. Enclaves of Kedah Malay can be found in Kawthaung District in Myanmar; Ranong and Krabi in upper southern Thailand; Jaring Halus, Langkat and Acheh in Sumatra, Indonesia and up north in Bangkok, central Thailand, where most of the Kedah Malay speakers are descendants of historical settlers from Kedah.
Kedah Malay can be divided into several dialects, namely Kedah Persisiran (Standard Kedah Malay), , Perlis-Langkawi, Penang and some others outside Malaysia.[2] Speakers in Trang as well as Satun are heavily influenced by the Thai language.
Vocabulary[]
Kedah Malay | Standard Malay | English Translation |
---|---|---|
hang | awak / kamu / kau | 'you' (singular) |
hangpā / ampa | kalian | 'you' (plural) |
cek / aq | saya / aku | 'I' |
cek | saya | 'I' (young to old) |
cek | kamu | 'you' (old to young) |
depa | mereka | 'they' |
sépā (In a few certain areas) / kitorang | kami | 'we' (exclusive) |
Kedah Malay | Standard Malay | English Translation |
---|---|---|
siapa, sapa | siapa / siapakah | 'who' |
apa, pa | apa / apakah | 'what' |
bila | bila / bilakah | 'when' |
cemana, lagu mana | bagaimana / bagaimanakah | 'how' |
mana | mana | 'where' |
pasai pa, awat, rokpa,
buat pa, sebab pa |
mengapa | 'how' |
berapa, bapa | berapa | 'how much' |
Kedah Malay | Standard Malay | English Translation |
---|---|---|
camca | sudu | 'spoon' |
habaq | cakap | 'talk' |
mai | datang, mari | 'come' |
mau | nak | 'want' |
lorat | susah | 'difficult' |
lā, lāni | sekarang | 'now' |
cabai | cili / lada | 'chilli' |
hakap | tamak | 'greedy' |
pi | pergi | 'go' |
sat | sebentar, sekejap | 'one sec' |
mengkalā | bila, apabila | 'when' |
ketegaq | degil, keras kepala | 'naughty' |
geghék | basikal | 'bicycle' |
mertun | tukul | 'hammer' |
lempaq | baling | 'throw' |
menghabat | memanjat | 'climb' |
ligan | kejar | 'chase' |
loq laq | tak senonoh | 'indecent' |
ketit | gigit kecil | 'bite softly' |
tokok | gigit | 'bite' |
berlemuih | comot | 'messy' |
cemuih | bosan | 'bored' |
References[]
- ^ Kedah Malay at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
- ^ See Malayan languages for a comparison between Kedah Persisiran and Penang dialects.
- ^ a b Strife, Fiq (2 November 2007). "Kamus Dialek Melayu-Kedah" [The Kedah Malay Dialect Dictionary]. Dunia Melayu Kedah (in Malay). Retrieved 22 May 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ Mohamed Sultan, Faizal Mohamed; Suhaimi, N. (1 May 2012). "Kata Soal Dalam Dialek Kedah" [Question Words in the Kedah Dialect]. GEMA Online Journal of Language Studies (in Malay). 12: 490 – via ResearchGate.
Further reading[]
- Fazal Mohamed Mohamed Sultan; Nurulafiqah Suhaimi (2012). "Kata Soal Dalam Dialek Kedah". GEMA Online Journal of Language Studies. 12 (2): 475–493. Retrieved 7 May 2021.
- Nurul Shahida Jamil; Maslida Yusof (2015). "Analisis Deiksis Dialek Kedah". GEMA Online Journal of Language Studies. 15 (1): 163–187. doi:10.17576/GEMA-2015-1501-10.
- Shahidi, A.H. (2009). "Alternasi dalam fonologi subdialek Kedah Utara". Jurnal Bahasa. 9 (2): 302–325. Retrieved 7 May 2021.
External links[]
- Agglutinative languages
- Malay dialects
- Languages of Malaysia
- Languages of Thailand
- Languages of Myanmar
- Malayan languages
- Austronesian language stubs