Las Piñas

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Las Piñas
Highly urbanized city
City of Las Piñas
5154Alabang Zapote Road Las Piñas City Landmarks 46.jpg
Calle Real Las Piñas.jpg
Las Piñas Bamboo Organ.jpg
4909Las Piñas City Quirino Diego Cera Avenues Landmarks 37.jpg
Left to right from top: Las Piñas City Hall, Alabang–Zapote Road, SM Southmall, Bamboo Organ, Plaza Rizal Las Piñas
Official seal of Las Piñas
Nickname(s): 
Home of the Bamboo Organ
Motto(s): 
Las Piñas, Our Home
Map of Metro Manila with Las Piñas highlighted
Map of Metro Manila with Las Piñas highlighted
OpenStreetMap
Las Piñas is located in Philippines
Las Piñas
Las Piñas
Location within the Philippines
Coordinates: 14°27′N 120°59′E / 14.45°N 120.98°E / 14.45; 120.98Coordinates: 14°27′N 120°59′E / 14.45°N 120.98°E / 14.45; 120.98
CountryPhilippines
RegionNational Capital Region
Provincenone
District Lone district
Founded1762 or 1797
Chartered27 March 1907
Cityhood and HUC26 March 1997
Barangays20 (see Barangays)
Government
[1]
 • TypeSangguniang Panlungsod
 • MayorImelda Aguilar
 • Vice MayorApril T. Aguilar-Nery
 • RepresentativeCamille Lydia A. Villar
 • Councilors
List
 • Electorate328,384 voters (2019)
Area
 • Total32.69 km2 (12.62 sq mi)
Elevation
25 m (82 ft)
Highest elevation
119 m (390 ft)
Lowest elevation
0 m (0 ft)
Population
 (2020 census) [3]
 • Total606,293
 • Density19,000/km2 (48,000/sq mi)
 • Households
137,897
Demonym(s)Las Piñero
Economy
 • Income class1st city income class
 • Poverty incidence1.69% (2018)[4]
 • Revenue₱2,000,189,668.48 (2016)
Service provider
 • ElectricityManila Electric Company (Meralco)
Time zoneUTC+08:00 (PST)
ZIP code
1740–1752
PSGC
IDD:area code+63 (0)02
Climate typetropical monsoon climate
Native languagesTagalog
Websitelaspinascity.gov.ph

Las Piñas, officially the City of Las Piñas (Tagalog: Lungsod ng Las Piñas), is a 1st class highly urbanized city in the National Capital Region of the Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 606,293 people. [3]

Las Piñas was sixth in MoneySense Philippines "Best Places To Live" report in 2008.[5] Attractions include Evia Lifestyle Center, SM Southmall, Robinsons Place Las Piñas and Las Piñas - Parañaque Wetland Park.

History[]

Production of sea salt by solar evaporation of water from the brine of the sea circa 1940

Early history[]

Las Piñas was one of the earliest fishing settlements on the shores of Manila Bay. It was proclaimed as a province of Manila either in 1762 or 1797. Agustin,[6] a Spanish historian, and Fr. Juan de Medina[7] placed it at 1762. Las Piñas was formerly called "Las Pilas" due to its separation from Parañaque due to tribal conflicts. On the other hand, Manuel Buzeta recorded the date at 1797.[8] Felix Timbang was the first gobernadorcillo in 1762 while Mariano Ortiz was the first municipal president of the town of Las Piñas.[9]

Las Piňas is famous for its Bamboo Organ, which was built by Fr. Diego Cera and completed in 1824. In 1880, the city experienced an outbreak of cholera and smallpox leading to the loss of many lives. Years later, Las Piňas also became a central battleground between Spanish and Philippine forces during the Philippine Revolution.[10]

The town of Las Piñas was also a major war theater during the 1896 Philippine Revolution, as it was occupied by forces of Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo. Las Piñas was occupied by the Japanese during World War II and liberated by the combined American and Filipino forces.

In 1901, the municipality of Las Piñas was separated from Manila and incorporated to the newly created province of Rizal pursuant to the Philippine Commission Act No. 137. Two years later, in accordance with Act No. 942, it was combined with the town of Parañaque, with the latter as the seat of a new municipal government.

It was separated from Parañaque to become an independent municipality again on 27 March 1907 by virtue of Philippine Commission Act No. 1625. On 7 November 1975, through Presidential Decree No. 824, Las Piñas was excised from the province of Rizal to form Metro Manila. Las Piñas became one of the municipalities making up the region.

Etymology[]

The story about the true origin of the city's name, "Las Piñas", varies. One version mentioned, that traders from the province of Cavite and Batangas shipped their first piñas (Spanish for pineapples) for sale to this town before they were distributed to nearby markets. Another version related that it was "Las Peñas" (the rocks), evident by the quarrying of stones and adobe which were used to construct buildings and bridges. The old church bell from St. Joseph Parish Church founded by Diego Cera has been preserved inside the church museum. An inscription on the bell states, "Siendo cura del pueblo de Laspeñas el M.R.P. Padre Diego Cera se fundió este equilón año de 1820," showing that even during the time of Diego Cera, the town's first parish priest, the town was called "Las Peñas", for some time and eventually was renamed "Las Piñas".[11]

Contemporary history[]

In the 1980s, economic growth erupted due to the advent of the construction of Coastal Road. Las Piñas currently serves as the proper gateway to Calabarzon.[10]

On 12 February 1997, President Fidel V. Ramos signed the bill which elevated Las Piñas from municipality into a city. A plebiscite held a month after approved the city status by its residents, and Las Piñas became the 10th city of Metro Manila on 26 March 1997.[12] The current mayor of Las Piñas is Imelda Aguilar, wife of previous city's mayor, Vergel "Nene" Aguilar.

Geography[]

Las Piñas is bounded to the northeast by Parañaque; to the southeast by Muntinlupa; to the west and southwest by Bacoor; and to the northwest by Manila Bay. Half of its land area is residential and the remaining half is used for commercial, industrial and institutional purposes. The present physiography of Las Piñas consists of three zones: Manila Bay, coastal margin and the Guadalupe Plateau.

Climate[]

hideClimate data for Las Piñas
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C (°F) 29
(84)
30
(86)
32
(90)
34
(93)
32
(90)
31
(88)
29
(84)
29
(84)
29
(84)
30
(86)
30
(86)
29
(84)
30
(87)
Average low °C (°F) 21
(70)
20
(68)
21
(70)
22
(72)
24
(75)
24
(75)
24
(75)
24
(75)
24
(75)
23
(73)
22
(72)
21
(70)
23
(73)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 10
(0.4)
10
(0.4)
12
(0.5)
27
(1.1)
94
(3.7)
153
(6.0)
206
(8.1)
190
(7.5)
179
(7.0)
120
(4.7)
54
(2.1)
39
(1.5)
1,094
(43)
Average rainy days 5.2 4.5 6.4 9.2 19.7 24.3 26.9 25.7 24.4 21.0 12.9 9.1 189.3
Source: Meteoblue [13]

Demographics[]

Population census of Las Piñas
YearPop.±% p.a.
1903 2,762—    
1918 2,872+0.26%
1939 6,822+4.21%
1948 9,280+3.48%
1960 16,093+4.69%
1970 45,732+11.00%
1975 81,610+12.32%
1980 136,514+10.83%
1990 297,102+8.09%
1995 413,086+6.37%
2000 472,780+2.94%
2007 532,330+1.65%
2010 552,573+1.37%
2015 588,894+1.22%
2020 606,293+0.57%
Source: Philippine Statistics Authority[14][15][16][17]

Language[]

The native language of Las Piñas is Tagalog, but the majority of the residents can understand and speak English.

Religion[]

People in Las Piñas are mainly Roman Catholic. Catholic churches in Las Piñas are under the control of the Diocese of Parañaque

Other religions in Las Piñas includes various Protestant denominations, Jehovah's Witnesses, Iglesia ni Cristo, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Hinduism, Buddhism and Islam.

Economy[]


Local government[]

Las Piñas, like other cities of the Philippines, is a local government unit whose powers and functions are specified by the Local Government Code of the Philippines. In general, as a city, Las Piñas is headed by a mayor who heads the city's executive function and the vice mayor who heads the city's legislative function, which is composed of twelve councilors, six each from the city's two city council districts.[25] For representation, the city is considered as one district, and therefore one representative, in the country's House of Representatives.

Additionally, like other cities and municipalities, Las Piñas is subdivided into barangays.

Districts and barangays[]

Las Piñas is divided into 20 barangays. These barangays are grouped into two legislative districts, each with its own set of representatives in the city council. District 1 comprises the northwestern half of the city while District 2, the remaining half.

Political map of Las Piñas
Barangays District Population[26]
(2015)
Area (km2) Density (/km2) Zip Code[27]
Almanza Uno 2nd 30,405 1748, 1750
T.S. Cruz 2nd 37,595 1750, 1751
C.A.A. – B. F. International 1st 77,264
Daniel Fajardo 1st 10,425
Elias Aldana 1st 10,402
Ilaya 1st 6,055
Manuyo Uno 1st 15,405 1744
Manuyo Dos 1st 37,007 1744, 1745
Pamplona Uno 1st 18,577
Pamplona Dos 2nd 10,765 1741
Pamplona Tres 1st 35,612 1740, 1746
Pilar 2nd 31,459
Pulang Lupa Uno 1st 31,401 1742
Pulang Lupa Dos 1st 33,171 1742
Talon Uno 1st 34,821 1747
Talon Dos 2nd 53,091 1747
Talon Tres 2nd 27,874 1747
Talon Kuatro 2nd 21,420 1747, 1749
Talon Singko 2nd 45,374 1747
Zapote 1st 20,771 1742

List of mayors[]

Education[]

There are a total of 12 colleges, 21 private high schools, 18 public high schools, and 22 elementary schools that were built to accommodate the growing number of the enrollees every year.

To date, there are 77 day care centers with feeding programs in 20 barangays within Las Piñas.

Colleges[]

  • ABE – Las Piñas Campus
  • Bernardo College
  • Centro Escolar Las Piñas
  • Dr. Filemon C. Aguilar Memorial College of Las Piñas-Talon Tres Campus, a local college that offers Bachelor's degree in Accountancy and Business Administration (with majors in Marketing Management, Financial Management, and Human Resource Development Management).
  • Dr. Filemon C. Aguilar Memorial College of Las Piñas-Pamplona Tres Campus (formerly Dr. Filemon C. Aguilar Information Technology Training Institute or DFCAITTI), a local college that offers diploma courses like Computer Programming, Visual Graphics Design, and Animations. It also offers Bachelor's degrees in Information System and Computer Engineering.
  • Philippine Merchant Marine School – Las Piñas Campus (Main)
  • AMA Computer College, Las Piñas
  • STI College, Las Piñas
  • Saint Francis of Assisi College
  • Southville International School and Colleges
  • University of Perpetual Help System DALTA
  • APEC Schools Las Piñas

Public high schools[]

  • Las Piñas City National Science High School
  • Las Piñas National High School - Almanza Uno
  • Las Piñas East National High School - Verdant
  • Equitable Village National High School (formerly Las Piñas East National High School - Equitable Village Annex II)
  • Talon Village National High School (formerly Las Piñas East National High School - Talon Village Annex II)
  • Las Piñas North National High School- Vergonville Subd., PulanLupa Dos
  • Las Piñas National High School – Gatchalian Annnex
  • Las Piñas City Technical-Vocational High School (formerly Rizal Experimental Station and Pilot School of Cottage Industries – Las Piñas)
  • Las Piñas City National Senior High School – Doña Josefa Campus
  • Las Piñas City National Senior High School – Talon Dos Campus
  • Las Piñas City National Senior High School – CAA Campus
  • Las Piñas City National Senior High School – Manuyo Campus
  • Las Piñas National High School – Senior High School
  • CAA National High School
  • CAA National High School – Annex
  • Golden Acres National High School
  • Las Piñas North National High School
  • T.S. Cruz High School

Private high schools[]

  • Almanza Baptist Christian Academy
  • Augustinian Abbey School
  • Blessed Trinity School of Las Piñas
  • Bloomfield Academy Center for Science and Technology
  • Camella Homes Montessori Child Development Center
  • Centro Escolar Las Piñas
  • Divine Light Academy
  • Saint Joseph's Academy
  • St. Rose of Lima (Las Piñas) School Inc.
  • St. Michael's School, Inc.
  • Schola de Vita, Inc.
  • Southville International School and Colleges
  • Elizabeth Seton School
  • Westfield Science-Oriented School and Colleges https://www.wsos.edu.ph
  • APEC Schools (Affordable Private Education Center) https://www.apecschools.edu.ph/
  • Father Angelico Lipani School- Annex
  • Mary Immaculate Parish Special School
  • Operation Brotherhood Montessori Center
  • Merry Treasure School
  • Montessori De Manila

Public Elementary Schools

  • Almanza Elementary School
  • Almanza Elementary School - T.S. Cruz Annex
  • CAA Elementary School - MAIN
  • CAA Elementary School - Annex
  • Daniel Fajardo Elementary School
  • Doña Manuela Elementary School
  • Gatchalian Elementary School
  • Ilaya Elementary School
  • Las Piñas Elementary School Central
  • Manuyo Elementary School
  • Moonwalk Elementary School
  • Moonwalk Elementary School - Golden Acres Annex
  • Moonwalk Elementary School - Mikesell Annex
  • Pamplona Elementary School Central
  • Pamplona Elementary School - Unit I
  • Pilar Village Elementary School
  • Pulanlgupa Elementary School
  • Pulanglupa Elementary School - Camella Annex
  • Talon Elementary School
  • Talon Tres Elementary School
  • Vergonville Elementary School
  • Zapote Elementary School

Health[]

Transportation[]

Railway[]

Las Piñas is part of the route of the extension of the LRT Line 1, the South Extension Project.[28] The actual construction officially started on Tuesday, 7 May 2019[29] because the Right-of-way is "free and clear" from obstructions. Once it is fully operational, Las Piñas will be served by the LRT Line 1 through the Las Piñas station and Zapote station.[28] Partial operation of the project will be in the end of 2021 and full operation will be in first quarter of 2024.[30]

Road network[]

Map of Las Piñas
Alabang-Zapote Road (N411) in 2011. The road continually suffers from perennial traffic congestion resulting from increasing traffic.

The road network of Las Piñas are radial in nature, and primarily relies on the Alabang–Zapote Road (N411), which serves as the city's road network backbone. The Manila-Cavite Expressway (formerly Coastal Road, and numbered E3), a toll expressway serves as the major traffic route towards Manila. Daang Hari, which hugs near the boundary with Muntinlupa, and the Aguinaldo Highway (N62) are the major traffic routes toward Cavite. The Muntinlupa-Cavite Expressway (MCX), that leads to South Luzon Expressway, supplements Daang Hari as an alternate to the congested Alabang-Zapote Road over Alabang and Ayala Alabang in Muntinlupa.

The road network in Las Piñas suffers from traffic jams, especially on the primary artery, Alabang-Zapote Road, which carried more than 70,000 vehicles daily as of 2016. Public transport, like buses and jeepneys, fill up Alabang-Zapote Road, therefore causing further congestion. The city government petitioned the Land Transportation Franchising and Regulatory Board (LTFRB) to suspend issuing of franchises on bus and jeepneys routes that uses Alabang-Zapote Road.

The Las Piñas Friendship Route network serves as the alternate routes on the congested routes, but motorists have to obtain and display a sticker on their vehicle to use these routes, as most roads of the network are located in privately owned subdivisions (gated communities), like BF Homes, Pilar Village, and BF Resort.

Public transport[]

Jeepneys and buses form the major public transport system, and most of their routes follow the Alabang-Zapote Road. Most jeepneys through Las Piñas travel between Alabang and Zapote, within the city, or Baclaran, in Parañaque. Buses usually form routes between Alabang or SM Southmall and destinations in Manila. Buses and jeepneys are blamed for the worsening congestion on Alabang-Zapote Road.

Culture[]

Saint Joseph Parish Church
Las Piñas Bamboo Organ located inside Parish Church of St. Joseph

On 22 February 1995, then President Fidel V. Ramos signed Republic Act 8003 into a law – declaring Las Piñas Church and Bamboo Organ, Las Piñas Bridge, Asinan Area, Father Diego Cera Bridge, and Old District Hospital as tourist spots of Las Piñas.[31][32]

Las Piñas is famous for its Bamboo Organ located inside the St. Joseph Parish Church in the old district of the city. Built in 1824 by a Catholic priest, Fr. Diego Cera, it is the only organ of its kind in the world with organ pipes mostly made out of bamboo.

Las Piñas Historical Corridor Project[]

The Las Piñas Historical Corridor Project was a program laid to restore the Old Town of Las Piñas. It was launched at the Malacañan Heroes' Hall on 13 November 1997. The project aims to educate the people of Las Piñas along the tourist corridor.[31] 19 structures were included along the historical corridor:

  • Boundary Arc
  • Bulwagang Ezekiel Moreno
  • Santuario de San Ezekiel Moreno
  • Police and Fire Station
  • Public Library
  • Plaza Quezon – designated as the Freedom Park in the City of Las Piñas by City Ordinance No. 700-06, Series of 2006. This was in accordance with Section 15 of Batas Pambansa Blg. 880, otherwise known as the "Public Assembly Act of 1985".[33]
  • Central Elementary School
  • E. Aldana Police Station
  • Fr. Diego Cera Bridge
  • Historical and Cultural Museum
  • Las Piñas Fish Port
  • Irasan Center
  • Las Piñas Manpower Youth Council – TESDA Building
  • Zapote Police Station
  • Las Piñas General Hospital and Satellite Trauma Center
  • Zapote Bridge
  • Barangay Hall of Zapote
  • Centennial Flyover
  • Molino Dam

Las Piñas Town Fiesta[]

The town fiesta of Las Piñas is celebrated every first Sunday of May each year to honor its patron saint, Saint Joseph. Saint Joseph's Day celebration is centered in St. Joseph Parish Church in the old poblacion of Las Piñas in Barangay Daniel Fajardo on Padre Diego Cera Ave. (Quirino Ave.). Las Piñas was also the home of Mary Immaculate Parish Church, popularly known as the Nature Church, designed by Architect Francisco "Bobby" Mañosa.[34]

Las Piñas is also home to unique festivals such as:

  • International Bamboo Organ Festival – a music festival held in February celebrating the music of the unique Bamboo Organ with performances by local and foreign classical artists[35]
  • Waterlily Festival – every 27 July[36]
  • "Parol" or Lantern Festival – celebrated during Christmas season[37]
  • Las Piñas Historical Festival – celebrated every March to commemorate significant historical events that happened in the city

List of cultural properties of Las Piñas[]

Notable people[]

Sister cities[]

Local[]

  • Parañaque, Metro Manila
  • Muntinlupa, Metro Manila
  • Pasay, Metro Manila
  • Bacoor, Cavite
  • Samal, Davao del Norte

See also[]

References[]

  1. ^ City of Las Piñas | (DILG)
  2. ^ "2015 Census of Population, Report No. 3 – Population, Land Area, and Population Density" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. Quezon City, Philippines. August 2016. ISSN 0117-1453. Archived (PDF) from the original on 25 May 2021. Retrieved 16 July 2021.
  3. ^ Jump up to: a b Census of Population (2020). "National Capital Region (NCR)". Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay. PSA. Retrieved 8 July 2021.
  4. ^ https://psa.gov.ph/sites/default/files/Table%202a.%20Updated%20Annual%20Per%20Capita%20Poverty%20Threshold%2C%20Poverty%20Incidence%20and%20Magnitude%20of%20Poor%20Population%20with%20Measures%20of%20Precision%2C%20%20by%20Region%2C%20Province%20and%20HUC_2018.xlsx; publication date: 4 June 2020; publisher: Philippine Statistics Authority.
  5. ^ moneysense (1 April 2008). "Best places to live". MoneySense Philippines. Retrieved 9 January 2021.
  6. ^ Cavada y Méndez de Vigo, Agustín de la (1876). Historia geográfica, geológica y estadiśtica de Filipinas. Con datos geográficos, geológicos y estadiśticos de las islas de Luzon, Visayas, Mindanao y Joló; y los que corresponden a las islas Batanes, Calamianes, Balabac, Mindoro, Masbate, Ticao y Burias, situadas al n. so. y s. de Luzon (PDF). Manila: Imp. de Ramirez y Giraudier.
  7. ^ de Medina, Juan S. (1893). Historia de los sucesos de la Orden de N. gran P. S. Agustín, de estas Islas Filipinas... / compuesta por el venerable Fray Juan de Medina. Sucesos que los religiosos de la Orden de N. P. S. Agustín han tenido en las Islas Filipinas... / compuesta por el Padre Pedro del Viva. Manila: Tipo-Litografía de Chofré y Comp. p. 486.
  8. ^ Buzeta, Manuel (1851). Diccionario geográfico, estadístico, histórico de las Islas Filipinas ... / por Manuel Buzeta y Felipe Bravo. Madrid: Imprenta de José C. de la Peña.
  9. ^ Salonga, Isayas R. (1934). Rizal Province Directory: History, Government and General Information with the Full Text of the Philippine Independence Law, Volume One. General Printing Press.
  10. ^ Jump up to: a b "A Brief History of Las Pinas". Alabang Bulletin. 31 May 2012. Retrieved 26 December 2020.
  11. ^ Pransism (2011-11). "Las Piñas (St. Joseph Church): Home of the Bamboo Organ". Back Trails. Retrieved 7 April 2013.
  12. ^ "Las Pinas City Annual Audit Report" (PDF). Commission on Audit. 29 July 2019. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 July 2019. Retrieved 29 July 2019.
  13. ^ "Las Piñas: Average Temperatures and Rainfall". Meteoblue. Retrieved 13 May 2020.
  14. ^ Census of Population (2015). "National Capital Region (NCR)". Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay. PSA. Retrieved 20 June 2016.
  15. ^ Census of Population and Housing (2010). "National Capital Region (NCR)". Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay. NSO. Retrieved 29 June 2016.
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  18. ^ "Poverty incidence (PI):". Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved 28 December 2020.
  19. ^ https://psa.gov.ph/sites/default/files/NSCB_LocalPovertyPhilippines_0.pdf; publication date: 29 November 2005; publisher: Philippine Statistics Authority.
  20. ^ https://psa.gov.ph/sites/default/files/2003%20SAE%20of%20poverty%20%28Full%20Report%29_1.pdf; publication date: 23 March 2009; publisher: Philippine Statistics Authority.
  21. ^ https://psa.gov.ph/sites/default/files/2006%20and%202009%20City%20and%20Municipal%20Level%20Poverty%20Estimates_0_1.pdf; publication date: 3 August 2012; publisher: Philippine Statistics Authority.
  22. ^ https://psa.gov.ph/sites/default/files/2012%20Municipal%20and%20City%20Level%20Poverty%20Estima7tes%20Publication%20%281%29.pdf; publication date: 31 May 2016; publisher: Philippine Statistics Authority.
  23. ^ https://psa.gov.ph/sites/default/files/City%20and%20Municipal-level%20Small%20Area%20Poverty%20Estimates_%202009%2C%202012%20and%202015_0.xlsx; publication date: 10 July 2019; publisher: Philippine Statistics Authority.
  24. ^ https://psa.gov.ph/sites/default/files/Table%202a.%20Updated%20Annual%20Per%20Capita%20Poverty%20Threshold%2C%20Poverty%20Incidence%20and%20Magnitude%20of%20Poor%20Population%20with%20Measures%20of%20Precision%2C%20%20by%20Region%2C%20Province%20and%20HUC_2018.xlsx; publication date: 4 June 2020; publisher: Philippine Statistics Authority.
  25. ^ Synchronized National and Local Elections Law – Republic Act No. 7166, Section 3.c.. Retrieved 21 October 2009.
  26. ^ Total Population by City, Municipality and Barangay: as of 1 August 2015
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  28. ^ Jump up to: a b "Start of LRT-1 extension moved to May". The Philippine Star. Retrieved 29 July 2019.
  29. ^ Manabat, Jacque. "Construction on LRT-1 extension to Cavite starts". ABS-CBN News. Retrieved 29 July 2019.
  30. ^ Rey, Aika. "Construction of LRT1 Cavite extension 'full steam ahead'". Rappler. Retrieved 29 July 2019.
  31. ^ Jump up to: a b Crisanto, Joyce & De la Torre, Visitacion (2006). Las Piñas: A City with Heritage (1st ed.). Villar Foundation.
  32. ^ "Republic Act No. 8003". Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines. Retrieved 29 July 2019.
  33. ^ "City Ordinance No. 700-06, Series of 2006". The Official Website of the City of Las Piñas. Retrieved 20 December 2014.
  34. ^ "Nature Church" Archived 26 December 2014 at the Wayback Machine. The Official Website of the City of Las Piñas. Retrieved 20 December 2014.
  35. ^ "Festival Program" Archived 20 December 2010 at the Wayback Machine. International Bamboo Organ Festival Official Website. Retrieved 21 April 2013.
  36. ^ "Water Lily Festival". The Official Website of the City of Las Piñas. Retrieved 7 April 2013.
  37. ^ Tribune (6 January 2013). "Las Piñas's 7th Parol Festival". The Daily Tribune. Retrieved 7 April 2013.
  38. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s "The Architectural Heritage of Manila/Metro Manila Project, 1571-1961". Institute of the Philippine Culture and the Society for the Preservation of Philippine Culture, Inc. Retrieved 12 December 2014.

External links[]

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