Relationship between Liberalism and Kemalism
Liberal Kemalism[1][2] is a converge between Kemalism, the founding ideology of the Republic of Turkey,[3] and the idea of liberalism, which is based on liberty.[4] It is a liberal idea in general, and the ideology it is closest to is classical liberalism. It was created by Ahmet Ağaoğlu, who was previously a nationalist person, in the 1920s or 1930s. Most liberal Kemalists support ideas such as secularism, republicanism, and reformism with cultural liberalism.
Social opinion[]
Liberal Kemalism defends Atatürk's understanding of nationalism in the social sphere. It is the concept of nationalism, which is also stated in Article 88 of the 1924 Constitution and Atatürk's six principles, and which bases the definition of nation on cultural and political unity, regardless of religion or race.[5]
Liberal Kemalism, just like Kemalism argues that it is necessary to give everyone freedom of conscience, faith and thought.
Economic opinion[]
Liberal Kemalism, unlike Atatürk's six principles, defends the free market economy instead of Kemalist statism.[6] Free market is a system in which the prices for goods and services are self-regulated by buyers and sellers negotiating in an open market.
History[]
Liberal Kemalism emerged in the early periods of the republic in Turkey as a result of the interpretation of Kemalist thought from a liberal point of view by Ahmet Ağaoğlu. Ağaoğlu described himself as "Reformist and Kemalist" on the one hand, while trying to develop a "Liberal Kemalism" idea. Ağaoğlu, an advocate of individual freedoms within the Republican People's Party, criticized some of the party's policies. Later, Ağaoğlu moved away from CHF with his liberal-based ideas and joined the Liberal Republican Party at Atatürk's request and was described as one of the most important figures in the SCF, even the ideologue of the party. He did not return to CHF after the Liberal Republican Party closed.[4][7]
It is seen that the understanding of individualism has an important place in the thought and political life of Ahmet Ağaoğlu, who is one of the important representatives of the enlightened politician model, which was widely seen in the first years of the Turkish Republic. He evaluates his views on modernization, society, democracy, freedom and economy within the framework of individualism. Considering the general political atmosphere both in the country and in the world, it is clear that Ağaoğlu's approach is quite exceptional. In these years when liberalism lost its credibility in the intellectual and political circles, Ağaoğlu insistently advocates that political, economic and social liberal principles should be taken as a basis in order for the new state to survive and develop in a strong and healthy way.[8]
See also[]
References[]
- ^ "Ülkü Dergisinde Kemalizm" (PDF).
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Atatürk love of the Democratic Party (Demokrat Parti'nin "Atatürk Sevgisi")".
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ Çeçen, Anıl (1981). Atatürk and ideology (Atatürk ve İdeoloji). TDK Publication. p. 299.
- ^ a b ""Liberal Developments in One-Party Turkey"".
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "ATATÜRK'ÜN MİLLİYETÇİLİK ANLAYIŞI" (PDF). 2020-07-22. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2020-07-22. Retrieved 2021-06-18.
- ^ "Atatürk Dönemi Maliye Politikaları (Fiscal Policies of Atatürk's Era)" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2020-11-01.
- ^ "Kemalism and Turkish Reforms from the Perspective of Atatürk-Era Thinkers" (PDF).
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ Haklı, Salih Zeki. "Ahmet Ağaoğlu's Interpretation of Kemalism from a Liberal Perspective in the Early Republic". Liberal Düşünce Dergisi (English: "Journal of Liberal Thought"). Archived from the original on 4 July 2021.
- Kemalism
- Liberalism