List of European folk music traditions

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is a list of folk music traditions, with styles, dances, instruments and other related topics. The term folk music can not be easily defined in a precise manner; it is used with widely varying definitions depending on the author, intended audience and context within a work. Similarly, the term traditions in this context does not connote any strictly-defined criteria. Music scholars, journalists, audiences, record industry individuals, politicians, nationalists and demagogues may often have occasion to address which fields of folk music areto a distinct group of people and with characteristics undiluted by contact with the music of other peoples; thus, the folk music traditions described herein overlap in varying degrees with each other. Sometimes, folk songs will often be passed down.

Europe[]

Country Elements Dance Instrumentation Other topics
Albanian [1] aheng – – – kaba – kantadha – Kefalonitika – – – lament – – lullaby – – Albanian iso-polyphony – – rapsodi – – serenata – Albanian wedding music – work song – – Osman Taka – – – shota – valle bousouk / buzuk – cifteli – clarinet – – def – – grrneta – lahuta – llautë – – mandolin – sharki – violin – zumarë kurbet –
Andalusian See Spanish – – –
Andorran See Catalan – – –
Arbereshi See Albanian – – –
Austrian [2] – Schnadahüpfl (Gstanzl, Gsetzl, Trutzgsangl) – schrammelmusik – string quartet – – yodeling (Jodler, Wullaza, Hullaza, Almer) – Volkstanz: – – – – – – – – – ländler – – mazurka – – polka – – – – schuhplattler (Plattler) – – – – – Zwiefacher – waltz[3] accordion – alphorn – clarinet – double bass (contrabass) – dulcimer – fiddle – flute – heurigen – tracht –
Auvergnat See French – – –
Balearic Islander See Catalan – – –
Basque [4] Bertsolaritza – Ttakuna – – Herrena – Trikitixa Abaltzisketa – – – – – Basauri – Beti Alai Arku – Brokel – – – Fandangoa – Garai – – – Jorrai – Kalejira – – – Legazpi – – Matelota – – – – – – San Juan – – – Trokel – – – Zortziko Alboka (double clarinet) – Atabal – Dulzaina – Kirikoketa – Pandero – – Tarogato – Tobera – Trikitixa (concertina) – Ttunttun (drum) – Txalaparta – Txistu (three hole pipe) – Xirula (flute) – – – Maskarada (carnival of Soule) – Pastoral –
Bavarian See German – – –
Belarusian
Bohemian See Czech – – –
Bosnian [5] – gusle – – izvorna bosanska muzika – – – – sevdalinka (sevdah) [6] line dance – kolo accordion – bagpipe – clarinet – daire – double bass – flute – guitar – sargija (lute) – snare drum – violin
Breton [7] bagad (bagadoù, pipe band) – – – gwerz (gwerzioù) – – kan ha diskan – – – – – bals – – – gavotte – – – – – accordion – binou (bagpipe, kozh, braz, bihan, pib veur) – – bombarde (oboe) – hurdy-gurdy – – – veuze (bagpipe) – violon (violin, fiddle) – Dastum – – fest-noz (festou noz, bal breton) – – –
Bulgarian [8] – Koleduvane – kopanica – – – – wedding music Horo: – – – chope – – – – – iove male mome – kopanica – kopanitsa (line dance, gankino) – nestinari – paidushko – petrunino – – pravo horo (line dance) – – – – – – clarinet – kaba gaida – kaval (flute) – gadulka – gaida (bagpipe) – tambura (lute) – tarabuka (drum) – tǔpan (drum) Koprivshtitsa – nestinarstvo –
Burgenland Croat See Croatian – – –
Calabrian See Italian – – –
Cantabrian – marzas – – pasacalles – romances – – – cantos de labor – trova – – – villancico – – – – – – – – – pitu montañés – gaita – rabel – bígaru – – – – pandereta – pandero – tarrañuelas – vozaina – – albogue – – – alcurdión – o – gudos
Castilian See Spanish – – –
Catalan [9] ball de bastons – – – caramelles – – – – cobla – – – – habanera – – lullaby – – – – – – – work song bolero – – – – – jota – – – – – sardana (circle dance) – – – – – – bandurria – – castanet – fiscorn (horn) – flabiol (flute) – gralla (oboe) – guitarró (guitar) – sac de gemecs (bagpipe, coixinera, caterineta, borrega, manxa borrega, bot, noia verda, mossa verda, ploranera, sac de les aspres, buna, cornamusa) – tambori – tambourine – – tenora (shawm) – tible – xeremia (clarinet) – – correfoc – – sonador – –
Cham See Albanian – – –
Channel Islands[10] – cotillion – – ronde (round dance) – sonneur accordion – – – violin
Cornish [11] – jig – hornpipe – reel – bagpipe – bombarde – crowdy crawn (croder croghen) – fiddle (crowd) – hand drum – harp gorsedd
Corsican See French – – –
Croatian [12] bećarac – deseterac – – klapa – – tamburitza – kolo (round dance) – lindjo – moreska (Korcula sword dance) – accordion – – – brač – – clarinet – – diple – fiddle – gange – gusle – lijerica (lirica, fiddle) – roznica – samica – sargija (dulcimer) – sopila – tambura (mandolin) – tamburica – violin – zither Istrian scale – kukeri
Cypriot See Greek or Turkish – – –
Czech [13] Národní písni: – – – lidovka (lidovky) – – – tramp music (trampská hudba) polka – – – accordion – bagpipe – cimbalom – clarinet – double bass – fiddle – viola – violin
Dalmatian See Croatian – – –
Danish [14] – – – polka – pols – – schottische – – – – vals accordion – fiddle – piano –
Dutch [15] – mazurka – polka – – waltz accordion – doedelzak – guitar – hurdy-gurdy – pijpzak – violin
Emilian See Italian – – –
English [16] broadside ballad – Child ballad – wassailing [17] clogging – country dance – horn dance – hornpipe – long sword – Maypole dance – morris dance – rapper dance melodeon – concertina – fiddle – mouth organ – Northumbrian smallpipe – trombone – tuba – snare drum – bass drum ballad meter – obby oss
Estonian [18] – – – polka accordion – bagpipe – concertina – fiddle – kannel – talharpa (hiiu kannel) – trumpet – whistle – zither Kalevipoeg
Faroese [19] kingosalmar – kvæði – – – circle dance –
Finnish [20] – rekilaulu – humppa – jenkka – mazurka – minuet – pelimanni – polka – – schottische – waltz accordion – clarinet – fiddle – harmonium – horn – jouhikko – kantele – talharpa – whistle Kalevala
Flemish [21]
Florentine See Italian – – –
Formentera See Catalan – – –
Frisian [22] galop – polka – – – walz accordion – fiddle – melodeon – rommelpot
French [23] bal-musette – – – bacchu-ber – bourrée – branle – contredanse – farandole – quadrille – rigaudon – accordion – bodega – boha – cabrette – chabrette – cornemuse – fifre – galoubet – graille – – hurdy-gurdy – – tambourin – violin
Galician [24] – – alborada – pasacalles – – – jota – muiñeira – – rumba accordion – cadro – clarinet – gaita – – pandeiro – tamboril – tarrañolas
Gascon See French – – –
Genoese See Italian – – –
German[25] anacrusis – – volksmusik – volkslied – yodeling – – waltz alphorn – –
Gheg See Albanian – – –
Greek [26] amané – dhimotika tragoudhia – kalanda – kantadhes – kleftiko – Klephtic song – miroloyia – nisiotika – rebetiko – skaros – taxim – tis tavlas çiftetelli – hasaposerviko – kalamatiano – karsilama – khasapiko – syrto – tsamiko – zeibekiko askomandura – baglamas – bouzouki – daouli – defi – gaida – kavali – kithara – klarino – laouto / laoutokithara (lute guitar) – lyra – outi – santouri – toumberleki – tsambouna – violi – zournas – dromoi – manges – paniyiria – rebetes – tekes
Gypsy See Romani (Gypsy) – – –
Hungarian [27] – – – verbunkos csardas – legenyes – – verbunkos bagpipe – cimbalom – cowbell – fiddle – gardon – hurdy-gurdy – violin – zither tanchaz
Ibiza See Catalan – – –
Icelandic [28] organum – rimur fidla – langspil saga
Irish [29] aisling – – ballad – bard – – diddling – drinking song – – – keening (lament, caoning) – macaronic song – – rebel song – reverdie – sean nós – céilidh – clogging – – hornpipe – jig – polka – quadrille – reel – slide – slip jig – step dance – strathspey accordion – banjo – bodhrán – bouzouki – concertina – fiddle – flute – guitar – harp – uilleann pipes – whistle [30] – – feis – fleadh – session
Istrian See Croatian – – –
Italian [31] – – gozo – maggio – – – trallalero – villanella – forlana – – saltarello – siciliana – – tarantella – accordion – clapper – clarinet – flute – guitar – jaw harp – launedda – lira – mandolin – melodeon – ocarina – organetto – panpipe – piffero – rattle – tamburello – – – violin – zampogna
Karelian See Finnish – – –
Kvarnerian See Croatian – – –
Lab See Albanian – – –
Latvian [32] balss – daina – dziesma – – – – accordion – birch trumpet – citara – dūdas – fiddle – ganurags – ģīga – kokles – mandolin – stabule
Lithuanian [32] daina – – – sutartines – polka – quadrille – – waltz accordion – balalaika – bandoneon – – – clarinet – concertina – – fiddle – guitar – harmonica – – lamzdeliai – mandolin – – – – – – tabala
Lombard See Italian – – –
Majorca See Catalan – – –
Manx [33] – lament –
Macedonian [34] calgia – accordion – – clarinet – def – – gajda – kanun – kaval – supelka – tambura – tarabuka – tupan – – zurla narodna muzika –
Menorca See Catalan – – –
Moldovan See Romanian – – –
Montenegrin [35] gusle
Moravian See Czech – – –
Neapolitan See Italian – – –
Norwegian [36] bånsuller – – halling – laling – – – – stev – – bygdedans – gammeldans – gangar – halling – pols – – springar – – bukkehorn – fiddle – Hardanger fiddle – – langeleik – lur – – seljefløyte – – tungehorn
Occitan See French – – –
Piedmontese See Italian – – –
Pityusan Islander See Catalan – – –
Polish [37] – – krakowiak – krzesany – mazurka – obertas – – polka – polonaise – cello – – fiddle – – kozioł – – mazanka – suka – violin
Portugal [38] – fado – modinha – – – – – adufe – bandolim – – bombo – brinquinho – caixa – – – cavaquinho – concertina – – – – – – guitarra – – pandeiro – – reco-reco – sanfona – sarronça – – – viola – fadista – – saudade
Provenç See French – – –
Puglian See Italian – – –
Romani (Gypsy) [39] bulerías – calgia – – cimbalom – fandango – fasil – flamenco – jaleo – – – – siguiriyas – soleares – taksim – tientos – tangos alegrias – belly dance – bulerías – farruca – garrotin – marianas – – accordion – buzuq – cimbalom – clarinet – cümbüş – darbuka – davul – – dombak – – kanun – ney – rebab – tabla – ud – violin – zurna – – – – taraf
Romanian [40] – colinde – doina – lament – taraf – – – – hora – sirba cetera – cimbalom – cobza – doba – double bass – fiddle – nai – taragot – viola – violin – zongora
Roussillon See Catalan – – –
Russian [41] byliny – chastushka – – – – – – kozatske – – – – sher – shrayer garmon – bayan – balalaika – domra – Russian guitar - tsimbl badkhn – fakelore
Sami [42] joik – lavlu – kobdas
Sardinian See Italian – – –
Scottish [43] – Border ballad – bothy ballad – – cauld wind pipe – – ceol mor – flyting – – – pibroch – piobaireachd – – – – – – – waulking song battement – Highland fling – hornpipe – jig – minuet – quickstep – reel – – strathspey – sword dance accordion – Border pipe – clarsach – concertina – fiddle – flute – gue – harp – Highland pipes – – pastoral pipe – pibroch – smallpipe – tin whistle Cape Breton fiddling – Scottish Baroque music – – Feisean – mod –
Serbian [44] – narodna muzika – – sevdalinka [45] cocek – kolo – frula – gaida – gusle – sargija – tamburitza – tupan – violin
Sicilian See Italian – – –
Slavonian See Croatian – – –
Slovak [46] čardáš – – – – – – polka- verbunk – waltz accordion – cello – cimbal – (double whistle) – fujara – gajdy – koncovka (overtone flute) – (6 hole whistle) – violin
Slovenian [47] – meh – panpipe – – zither
Spanish [48] copla – jaleo – jota – – bolero – – cachucha – chaconne – – – – – – – – – fandango – gallega – – jota – – malagueñas – – meloneras – milonga – – murciano – panaderos – – seguidilla – sevillana – soleares – – valldemosa – – verdiales – zambra – zarabanda castanet – chacara (large castanet) – bandurria – dulzaina – guitarra – mandolin – tambourine – duende –
Swedish [49] – halling – kulning – laling – lockrop – – gammaldans – gangar – kadrilj – pols – polska (polskor) – rudl – – – springar – – – – ackordcittra (chord zither) – accordion – fiddle – – hummel – jaw harp – nyckelharpa – säckpipa – sälgpipa – skalmeja – spelpipa – stråkharpa – vevlira spelmanslag – Zorn Badge
Swiss [50] yodeling alphorn
Tosk See Albanian – – –
Transylvanian See Hungarian and Romanian – – –
Ukrainian [51] dumy – arkan – holubka – hutsulka – hopak – kolomyjka – kozachok – – polka – waltz bandura – fiddle – floyara – frilka – kobza – lira – sopilka – trembita – tsymbaly – kobzari – lirnyky – –
Valencian See Catalan – – –
Venetian See Italian – – –
 [35] bagpipe – fiddle
Walloon [21] fiddle
Welsh [52] penillion – Welsh choral music clogging (Welsh step dance) – hornpipe – twmpath crwth – – pibcorn – Welsh harp (triple harp) – eisteddfod – –


Notes[]

  1. ^ Burton, Kim, "The Eagle Has Landed", in the Rough Guide to World Music, pp. 1–6; World Music Central Archived 2006-02-07 at the Wayback Machine; Koco, Eno. Albanian Music. Leeds-Tiranë: University of Leeds. Retrieved 2005-08-28.; "Bashkim Braho: Albanian folk dance". Massachusetts Cultural Council. Retrieved April 3, 2006.
  2. ^ Bohlman, pp. 210; Wagner, Christoph, "Soul Music of Old Vienna", in the Rough Guide to World Music, pp. 13–15; *""Volksmusik", "Unterhaltungsmusik", "Kammermusik", "Blasmusik", "Schnadahüpfl" and "Jodler"". AEIOU. Retrieved April 5, 2006.
  3. ^ The landler and the ländler are not the same dance, despite the similarity in name
  4. ^ Nettl, Folk and Traditional Music, pp. 109–112; Krümm, Philippe and Jean-Pierre Rasle, and Jan Fairley, "Music of the Regions" and "A Tale of Celts and Islanders" in the Rough Guide to World Music, pp. 103–113 and 292–297; World Music Central Archived 2006-02-07 at the Wayback Machine; "Folk music and poetry". Bizkaia.net. Retrieved April 20, 2006.; Hobgoblin Info Source; "TAP Program Notes". Traditional Arts Program. Archived from the original on November 30, 2005. Retrieved April 20, 2006.; "What is the Txistu?". Txistulari.com. Archived from the original on December 25, 2005. Retrieved April 20, 2006."Txalaparta". Irish World Academy of Music and Dance. Retrieved April 20, 2006.; Murua, Angel (1993). "Folklore and Traditions". The Basque Country, Come and then pass the word (2nd ed.). Gobierno Vasco, Departamento de Comercio, Consuma, y Turismo. Viceconsejeria de Turismo. Retrieved 2006-04-17.
  5. ^ Burton, Kim, "Sad Songs of Sarajevo", in the Rough Guide to World Music, p. 31–35; Slobin, Mark, "Europe/Peasant Music-Cultures of Eastern Europe" in Worlds of Music, pp. 167–207; "Art". Bosnians, Their History and Culture. Archived from the original on February 16, 2006. Retrieved April 20, 2006.
  6. ^ The novokomponovana narodna muzika style is clearly not folk music in a scholarly sense, but may be more loosely termed traditional
  7. ^ Ritchie, pp. 49, 60, 79; Krümm, Philippe and Jean-Pierre Rasle, "Music of the Regions" in the Rough Guide to World Music, pp. 103–113; Sawyer, pp. 5, 14–15, 58, 133; World Music Central Archived 2006-02-07 at the Wayback Machine; Winick, Steven D., "Brittany", in Mathieson, pp. 110–139; Ceolas; Winick, Stephen D. (Summer 1995). "Breton Folk Music, Breton Identity, And Alan Stivell's Again". Journal of American Folklore. 108 (429). Archived from the original on 6 March 2008. Retrieved 2006-04-17.
  8. ^ Nettl, Folk and Traditional Music, p. 84; Burton, Kim, "The Mystery Voice", in the Rough Guide to World Music, pp. 36–45; Slobin, Mark, "Europe/Peasant Music-Cultures of Eastern Europe" in Worlds of Music, pp. 167–207; Vollan, Ståle Tvete (1999). Bulgarsk folkemusikk – musikktradisjon og feltarbeid (in Norwegian). Trondheim. Retrieved April 19, 2006.; "May It Fill Your Soul". Central Europe Review. Retrieved April 19, 2006.; "Bulgarian Folk Instruments". Lark in the Morning: A World of Music. Retrieved April 19, 2006.; "Bulgarian dances". Eliznik Romania. Retrieved April 19, 2006.; "Kopanica (Sopluk & Trakia, Bulgaria)". Dunav. Archived from the original on April 13, 2006. Retrieved April 19, 2006.
  9. ^ Catalan folk music can be taken to not include the music of the Balearic Islands; however, for the purposes of this list, the islands are included with Catalonia; Krümm, Philippe and Jean-Pierre Rasle, and Jan Fairley, "Music of the Regions" and "A Tale of Celts and Islanders" in the Rough Guide to World Music, pp. 103–113 and 292–297; Stanley Sadie, ed. (1980). "Spain". The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians. 20. London: Macmillan Publishers. ISBN 978-1-56159-174-9.; Hobgoblin Info Source; "Report and Projects: Music in the Balearic and Pityusan Islands". Judith R.Cohen, Esperança Bonet Roig and Manel Frau. Archived from the original on August 30, 2006. Retrieved April 23, 2006.; "For Culture Lovers". FEVA. Archived from the original on November 15, 2004. Retrieved September 28, 2005.
  10. ^ Johnson, Henry. Maintaining and Creating Heritage (PDF). Small Island Cultures Research Initiative. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2006-07-15. Retrieved 2006-04-29.
  11. ^ Ritchie, p. 48; ; Sawyer, pp. 16–17; "Cornish Music". Real Cornwall. Archived from the original on September 24, 2006. Retrieved May 1, 2006.
  12. ^ Burton, Kim, "Sad Songs of Sarajevo" and "Toe Tapping Tamburicas", in the Rough Guide to World Music, pp. 31–35 and 46–48; "Present". Folk Ensemble Filip Devic. Archived from the original on February 3, 2006. Retrieved May 5, 2006.; "The Moreska Dance". Korcula.net. Retrieved May 6, 2006.; "Croatia: A Diverse Culture". Footnotes (59). October 2000. Archived from the original on 2006-02-18. Retrieved 2006-05-06.
  13. ^ Nettl, Folk and Traditional Music, p. 91; Plocek, Jiri, "East Meets West", in the Rough Guide to World Music, pp. 49–57; "Folk Music". MSN Encarta. Archived from the original on November 1, 2009. Retrieved June 13, 2006.
  14. ^ Cronshaw, Andrew, "A New Pulse for the Pols", in the Rough Guide to World Music, pp. 58–63
  15. ^ Nettl, Folk and Traditional Music, pp. 53–75; Bloemendaal, Wim, "Tilting at Windmills" in the Rough Guide to World Music, pp. 207–210; Kinney, pp. 156–163
  16. ^ Nettl, Folk and Traditional Music, pp. 53–75; Ritchie, p. 73; Irwin, Colin, "England's Changing Roots", in the Rough Guide to World Music, pp. 64–82; Kinney, pp. 156–163; Sawyer, pp. 5, 99–100; World Music Central Archived 2006-02-07 at the Wayback Machine
  17. ^ Nettl notes that broadside ballads were primarily a form of popular music, but that many such ballads entered the folk repertoire.
  18. ^ Nettl, Folk and Traditional Music, pp. 53–75; Cronshaw, "Singing Revolutions", in the Rough Guide to World Music, pp. 16–24
  19. ^ Nettl, Folk and Traditional Music, pp. 53–75; Cronshaw, Andrew, "A New Pulse for the Pols", in the Rough Guide to World Music, pp. 58–63
  20. ^ Nettl, Folk and Traditional Music, pp. 53–75, 87; Cronshaw, Andrew, "New Runes", in the Rough Guide to World Music, pp. 91–102
  21. ^ Jump up to: a b Rans, Paul, "Flemish, Walloon and Global Fusion", in the Rough Guide to World Music, pp. 25–30
  22. ^ Bloemendaal, Wim, "Tilting at Windmills" in the Rough Guide to World Music, pp. 207–210
  23. ^ Nettl, Folk and Traditional Music, pp. 102–106; Krümm, Philippe and Jean-Pierre Rasle, and Alessio Surian, "Music of the Regions" and "Tenores and Tarantellas" in the Rough Guide to World Music, pp. 103–113 and 189–201; Kinney, pp. 156–163
  24. ^ Ritchie, pp. 51, 76; Jan Fairley, "A Tale of Celts and Islanders" in the Rough Guide to World Music, pp. 292–297; Sawyer, pp. 5, 19; World Music Central Archived 2006-02-07 at the Wayback Machine
  25. ^ Nettl, Folk and Traditional Music, pp. 53–75, 80; Hunt, Ken, "Kraut Kaunterblast" in the Rough Guide to World Music, pp. 114–125; Kinney, pp. 156–163
  26. ^ Manuel, Popular Musics, pp. 127–132; Nettl, Folk and Traditional Music, p. 92; Dubin, Marc and George Pissalidhes, "Songs of the Near East" in the Rough Guide to World Music, pp. 126–142
  27. ^ Bohlman, p. 199; Nettl, Folk and Traditional Music, pp. 53–75; Broughton, Simon, "A Musical Mother Tongue" and "Taraf Traditions"in the Rough Guide to World Music, pp. 159–167 and 237–247; Slobin, Mark, "Europe/Peasant Music-Cultures of Eastern Europe" in Worlds of Music, pp. 167–207; Kinney, pp. 190–192; World Music Central Archived 2006-02-07 at the Wayback Machine
  28. ^ Nettl, Folk and Traditional Music, pp. 53–75; Cronshaw, Andrew, "Waiting for the Thaw" in the Rough Guide to World Music, pp. 168–169
  29. ^ Ritchie, pp. 15–17, 32–33, 60, 67, 72, 74–75, 77, 80–81; Nettl, Folk and Traditional Music, pp. 53–75; O'Connor, Nuala, "Dancing at the Virtual Crossroads" in the Rough Guide to World Music, pp. 170–188; Kinney, pp. 156–163; Sawyer, pp. 5, 7–10, 36–37, 55–56, 101–105, 111–112, 117–121, 172–176, 232–233
  30. ^ The bouzouki is a relatively recent import that is often considered to not be a traditional instrument. O'Connor, however, acknowledges that though "it might seem odd", the bouzouki has "taken firm root" in traditional music.
  31. ^ Nettl, Folk and Traditional Music, pp. 106–109; Krümm, Philippe and Jean-Pierre Rasle, and Alessio Surian, "Music of the Regions" and "Tenores and Tarantellas" in the Rough Guide to World Music, pp. 103–113 and 189–201; Kinney, pp. 156–163; World Music Central Archived 2006-02-07 at the Wayback Machine
  32. ^ Jump up to: a b Cronshaw, "Singing Revolutions", in the Rough Guide to World Music, pp. 16–24
  33. ^ Ritchie, p. 43; Sawyer, pp. 5, 17–18
  34. ^ Manuel, Popular Musics, pp. 137–139; Burton, Kim, "Tricky Rhythms" in the Rough Guide to World Music, pp. 202–206
  35. ^ Jump up to: a b Burton, Kim, "Balkan Beats" in the Rough Guide to World Music, pp. 273–276
  36. ^ Bohlman, p. 210; Nettl, Folk and Traditional Music, pp. 53–75; Cronshaw, Andrew, "Fjords and Fiddles" in the Rough Guide to World Music, pp. 211–218; Sawyers, pp. 79–81; World Music Central Archived 2006-02-07 at the Wayback Machine
  37. ^ Nettl, Folk and Traditional Music, pp. 91–92; Broughton, Simon, "Hanging on in the Highlands" in the Rough Guide to World Music, pp. 219–224; Kinney, pp. 190–191; World Music Central Archived 2006-02-07 at the Wayback Machine
  38. ^ Manuel, Popular Musics, p. 115; Cronshaw, Andrew and Paul Vernon, "Traditional Riches, Fate and Revolution" in the Rough Guide to World Music, pp. 225–236
  39. ^ Manuel, Popular Musics, pp. 121, 165; Nettl, Folk and Traditional Music, pp. 115–116; Plocek, Jiri, "East Meets West", in the Rough Guide to World Music, pp. 49–57; Broughton, Simon, "Kings and Queens of the Road" in the Rough Guide to World Music, pp. 146–158; Kinney, pp. 121–155; World Music Central Archived 2006-02-07 at the Wayback Machine
  40. ^ Broughton, Simon, "Taraf Traditions" in the Rough Guide to World Music, pp. 237–247; Slobin, Mark, "Europe/Peasant Music-Cultures of Eastern Europe" in Worlds of Music, pp. 167–207
  41. ^ Nettl, Folk and Traditional Music, p. 87; Broughton, Simon and Tatiana Didenko, "Music of the People" in the Rough Guide to World Music, pp. 248–254; Slobin, Mark, "Europe/Peasant Music-Cultures of Eastern Europe" in Worlds of Music, pp. 167–207
  42. ^ Cronshaw, Andrew, "Joiks of the Tundra" in the Rough Guide to World Music, pp. 255–260
  43. ^ Ritchie, pp. 15–16, 18, 38–39, 40–41, 62, 66, 71–73, 80; Heywood, Pete and Colin Irwin, "From Strathspeys to Acid Croft" in the Rough Guide to World Music, pp. 261–272; Kinney, pp. 156–163; Sawyer, pp. 5, 10–13, 36–37, 39, 80–82, 88–101, 113–116, 121–126, 131–133, 146, 162–164, 202
  44. ^ Burton, Kim, "Sad Songs of Sarajevo", in the Rough Guide to World Music, pp. 31–35; Burton, Kim, "Balkan Beats" in the Rough Guide to World Music, pp. 273–276; Kinney, pp. 189–190
  45. ^ narodna muzika and novokomponovana narodna muzika translate respectively as folk music and newly-composed folk music; Burton describes both terms as perhaps vague, referring sometimes to traditionally-styled music or outright modern, popular music, which would not qualify as true folk music under any common scholarly definition; Burton also notes that many novokomponovana narodna muzika songs reflect a more Bosnian character than Serbian or Montenegrin.
  46. ^ Nettl, Folk and Traditional Music, p. 91; Plocek, Jiri, "East Meets West", in the Rough Guide to World Music, pp. 49–57
  47. ^ Burton, Kim, "The Sound of Austro-Slavs" in the Rough Guide to World Music, pp. 277–278
  48. ^ Nettl, Folk and Traditional Music, pp. 113–117; Cronshaw, Andrew and Paul Vernon, and Jan Fairley, "Traditional Riches, Fate and Revolution" and "A Tale of Celts and Islanders" in the Rough Guide to World Music, pp. 225–236 and 292–297; Kinney, pp. 121–155; McKinney and Anderson, pp. 614–616; World Music Central Archived 2006-02-07 at the Wayback Machine
  49. ^ Bohlman, p. 210; Nettl, Folk and Traditional Music, pp. 53–75; Cronshaw, Andrew, "Fjords and Fiddles" and "A Devil of a Polska" in the Rough Guide to World Music, pp. 211–218 and 298–307; Kinney, pp. 156–163; World Music Central Archived 2006-02-07 at the Wayback Machine
  50. ^ Hunt, Ken, "Kraut Kaunterblast" in the Rough Guide to World Music, pp. 114–125; Kinney, pp. 156–163
  51. ^ Nettl, Folk and Traditional Music, p. 87; Kochan, Alexs and Julian Kytasty, "The Bandura Played On" in the Rough Guide to World Music, pp. 308–312
  52. ^ Ritchie, pp. 4, 44–46, 71; Nettl, Folk and Traditional Music, pp. 53–75; Price, William, "Harps, Bards and the Gwerin" in the Rough Guide to World Music, pp. 313–319; ; Sawyer, pp. 5, 13–14, 38–39

References[]

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  • "International Dance Glossary". World Music Central. Archived from the original on February 7, 2006. Retrieved April 3, 2006.
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