List of Schedule I drugs (US)

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is the list of Schedule I drugs as defined by the United States Controlled Substances Act.[1] The following findings are required for drugs to be placed in this schedule:[2]

  1. The drug or other substance has a high potential for abuse.
  2. The drug or other substance has no currently accepted medical use in treatment in the United States.
  3. There is a lack of accepted safety for use of the drug or other substance under medical supervision.

Except as specifically authorized, it is illegal for any person:

  1. to manufacture, distribute, or dispense, or possess with intent to manufacture, distribute, or dispense, a controlled substance; or
  2. to create, distribute, or dispense, or possess with intent to distribute or dispense, a counterfeit substance.[3]

Additional substances are added to the list by the Secretary of Health and Human Services pursuant to 21 CFR 1308.49.[4][5]

The complete list of Schedule I drugs follows.[1] The Administrative Controlled Substances Code Number for each drug is included.

Opioids[]

ACSCN Drug
9815 Acetyl-alpha-methylfentanyl (N-[1-(1-methyl-2-phenethyl)-4-piperidinyl]-N-phenylacetamide)
9601 Acetylmethadol
9602 Allylprodine
9603 Alphacetylmethadol (except levo-alphacetylmethadol also known as levo-alpha-acetylmethadol, levomethadyl acetate, or LAAM)
9604 Alphameprodine
9605 Alphamethadol
9814 Alpha-methylfentanyl (N-[1-(alpha-methyl-beta-phenyl)ethyl-4-piperidyl] propionanilide; 1-(1-methyl-2-phenylethyl)-4-(N-propanilido) piperidine)
9832 Alpha-methylthiofentanyl (N-[1-methyl-2-(2-thienyl)ethyl-4- piperidinyl]-N-phenylpropanamide)
9606 Benzethidine
9607 Betacetylmethadol
9830 Beta-hydroxyfentanyl (N-[1-(2-hydroxy-2-phenethyl)-4- piperidinyl]-N-phenylpropanamide)
9831 Beta-hydroxy-3-methylfentanyl (other name: N-[1-(2-hydroxy-2- phenethyl)-3-methyl-4-piperidinyl]-N-phenylpropanamide)
9608 Betameprodine
9609 Betamethadol
9611 Betaprodine
9612 Clonitazene
9613 Dextromoramide
9615 Diampromide
9616 Diethylthiambutene
9168 Difenoxin
9617 Dimenoxadol
9618 Dimepheptanol
9619 Dimethylthiambutene
9621 Dioxaphetyl butyrate
9622 Dipipanone
9623 Ethylmethylthiambutene
9624 Etonitazene
9625 Etoxeridine
9626 Furethidine
9627 Hydroxypethidine
9628 Ketobemidone
9629 Levomoramide
9631 Levophenacylmorphan
9813 3-Methylfentanyl (N-[3-methyl-1-(2-phenylethyl)-4-piperidyl]-N-phenylpropanamide)
9833 3-methylthiofentanyl (N-[(3-methyl-1-(2-thienyl)ethyl-4-piperidinyl]-N-phenylpropanamide)
9632 Morpheridine
9661 MPPP (1-methyl-4-phenyl-4-propionoxypiperidine)
9633 Noracymethadol
9634 Norlevorphanol
9635 Normethadone
9636 Norpipanone
9812 Para-fluorofentanyl (N-(4-fluorophenyl)-N-[1-(2-phenethyl)-4-piperidinyl] propanamide
9663 PEPAP (1-(-2-phenethyl)-4-phenyl-4-acetoxypiperidine
9637 Phenadoxone
9638 Phenampromide
9647 Phenomorphan
9641 Phenoperidine
9642 Piritramide
9643 Proheptazine
9644 Properidine
9649 Propiram
9645 Racemoramide
9835 Thiofentanyl (N-phenyl-N-[1-(2-thienyl)ethyl-4-piperidinyl]-propanamide
9750 Tilidine
9646 Trimeperidine
9821 Acetyl Fentanyl (N-(1-phenethylpiperidin-4-yl)-N-phenylacetamide)[6]
9547 3,4-dichloro-N-[2-(dimethylamino)cyclohexyl]N-methylbenzamide) (U-47700)[7]
9821 Acetylfentanyl (N-(1-phenethylpiperidin-4-yl)-N-phenylacetamide)[8]
9834 N-(1-Phenethylpiperidin-4-yl)-N-phenylfuran-2-carboxamide (furanyl fentanyl)[9]
9811 Acryl fentanyl ((N-(1-phenethylpiperidin-4-yl)-N-phenylacrylamide); Acryloylfentanyl)[10]
9816 N-(2-fluorophenyl)-N-(1-phenethylpiperidin-4-yl)propionamide (Ortho-fluorofentanyl or 2-fluorofentanyl)[11]
9822 Butyryl Fentanyl (N-(1-phenethylpiperidin-4-yl)-N-phenylbutyramide, N-(1-phenethylpiperidin-4-yl)-N-phenylbutanamide)[12]
9824 4-Fluoroisobutyryl fentanyl ((N-(4-fluorophenyl)-N-(1-phenethylpiperidin-4-yl)isobutyramide) or Para-fluoroisobutyryl fentanyl)[13]
9825 2-methoxy-N-(1-phenethylpiperidin-4-yl)-N-phenylacetamide (Methoxyacetyl fentanyl)[11]
9836 Beta-hydroxythiofentanyl (N-[1-[2-hydroxy-2-(thiophen-2-yl)ethyl]piperidin-4-yl]-N-phenylpropionamide, N-[1-[2-hydroxy-2-(2-thienyl)ethyl]-4-piperidinyl]-N-phenylpropanamide)[12]
9843 N-(1-phenethylpiperidin-4-yl)-N-phenyltetrahydrofuran-2-carboxamide (Tetrahydrofuranyl fentanyl)[11]
9845 (1-phenethylpiperidin-4-yl)-N-phenylcyclopropanecarboxamide (cyclopropyl fentanyl)[14]
9840 N-(1-phenethylpiperidin-4-yl)-N-phenylpentanamide (valeryl fentanyl)[15]
9823 N-(4-fluorophenyl)N-(1-phenethylpiperidin-4-yl)butyramide (para-fluorobutyryl fentanyl)[15]
9837 N-(4-methoxyphenyl)-N-(1-phenethylpiperidin-4-yl)butyramide (para-methoxybutyryl fentanyl)[15]
9826 N-(4-chlorophenyl)-N-(1-phenethylpiperidin-4-yl)isobutyramide (para-chloroisobutyryl fentanyl)[15]
9827 N-(1-phenethylpiperidin-4-yl)-N-phenylisobutyramide (isobutyryl fentanyl)[15]
9847 N-(1-phenethylpiperidin-4-yl)-N-phenylcyclopentanecarboxamide (cyclopentyl fentanyl)[15]
9838 N-(2-fluorophenyl)-2-methoxy-N-(1-phenethylpiperidin-4-yl)acetamide (ocfentanil)[15]
9850 Fentanyl-related substances, their isomers, esters, ethers, salts and salts of isomers, esters and ethers[16]
9551 AH-7921 (3,4-dichloro-N-[(1-dimethylamino)cyclohexylmethyl]benzamide))
9560 MT-45 (1-cyclohexyl-4-(1,2-diphenylethyl)piperazine)

Opium derivatives[]

Heroin powder
ACSCN Drug
9319 Acetorphine
9051 Acetyldihydrocodeine
9052 Benzylmorphine
9070 Codeine methylbromide
9053 Codeine-N-Oxide
9054 Cyprenorphine
9055 Desomorphine
9145 Dihydromorphine
9335 Drotebanol
9056 Etorphine (except hydrochloride salt)
9200 Heroin (diacetylmorphine)
9301 Hydromorphinol
9302 Methyldesorphine
9304 Methyldihydromorphine
9305 Morphine methylbromide
9306 Morphine methylsulfonate
9307 Morphine-N-Oxide
9308 Myrophine
9309 Nicocodeine
9312 Nicomorphine
9313 Normorphine
9314 Pholcodine
9315 Thebacon

Hallucinogenic or psychedelic substances[]

Psilocybe zapotecorum, one of many species of psilocybin mushrooms
cannabis contains the psychoactive substance, tetrahydrocannabinol (THC).
ACSCN Drug
7249 Alpha-Ethyltryptamine (αET)
7391 4-bromo-2,5-dimethoxy-amphetamine (DOB)
7392 4-Bromo-2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine (2C-B)
7396 2,5-dimethoxyamphetamine (DOA)
7399 2,5-Dimethoxy-4-ethylamphetamine (DOE)
7348 2,5-dimethoxy-4-(n)-propylthiophenethylamine (2C-T-7), its optical isomers, salts and salts of isomers
7411 4-methoxyamphetamine (PMA)
7401 5-methoxy-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MMDA)
7395 4-methyl-2,5-dimethoxyamphetamine (DOM; STP)
7400 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA, Sassafrass)
7405 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, Ecstasy, Molly)
7404 3,4-methylenedioxy-N-ethylamphetamine (MDEA; MDE)
7402 N-hydroxy-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (N-hydroxy MDA)
7390 3,4,5-trimethoxyamphetamine (TMA)
7431 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-methoxy-3-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]indole; 5-MeO-DMT)
7432 Alpha-methyltryptamine (αMT)
7433 Bufotenine
7434 Diethyltryptamine (DET)
7435 Dimethyltryptamine (DMT)
7439 5-methoxy-N,N-diisopropyltryptamine (5-MeO-DIPT), its isomers, salts and salts of isomers
7260 Ibogaine
7315 Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD)
7360 Marijuana, including cannabis resin
7350 Marijuana extracts; cannabinoids[17]
7381 Mescaline
7374 Parahexyl
7415 Peyote
7482 N-ethyl-3-piperidyl benzilate
7484 N-methyl-3-piperidyl benzilate
7437 Psilocybin
7438 Psilocin
7370 Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)
7455 Ethylamine analog of phencyclidine (Eticyclidine; PCE)
7458 Pyrrolidine analog of phencyclidine (PCPy)
7470 Thiophene analog of phencyclidine (TCP)
7473 1-[1-(2-thienyl)cyclohexyl]pyrrolidine (TCPy)
1248 4-methylmethcathinone (Mephedrone)
7535 3,4-methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV)
7509 2-(2,5-Dimethoxy-4-ethylphenyl)ethanamine (2C-E)
7508 2-(2,5-Dimethoxy-4-methylphenyl)ethanamine (2C-D)
7519 2-(4-Chloro-2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)ethanamine (2C-C)
7518 2-(4-Iodo-2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)ethanamine (2C-I)
7385 2-[4-(Ethylthio)-2,5-dimethoxyphenyl]ethanamine (2C-T-2)
7532 2-[4-(Isopropylthio)-2,5-dimethoxyphenyl]ethanamine (2C-T-4)
7517 2-(2,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)ethanamine (2C-H)
7521 2-(2,5-Dimethoxy-4-nitro-phenyl)ethanamine (2C-N)
7524 2-(2,5-Dimethoxy-4-(n)-propylphenyl)ethanamine (2C-P)
7540 3,4-Methylenedioxy-N-methylcathinone (methylone)
7538 2-(4-iodo-2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-N-(2-methoxybenzyl)ethanamine (25I-NBOMe; 2C-I-NBOMe; 25I; Cimbi-5)[18]
7537 2-(4-chloro-2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-N-(2-methoxybenzyl)ethanamine (25C-NBOMe; 2C-C-NBOMe; 25C; Cimbi-82)[18]
7536 2-(4-bromo-2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-N-(2-methoxybenzyl)ethanamine (25B-NBOMe; 2C-B-NBOMe; 25B; Cimbi-36)[18]

Depressants[]

gamma-Hydroxybutyrate powder
ACSCN Drug
2010 gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB; sodium oxybate; sodium oxybutyrate) except formulations in an FDA-approved drug product are Schedule III
2572 Mecloqualone
2565 Methaqualone

Stimulants[]

Products containing BZP.
ACSCN Drug
1585 Aminorex (aminoxaphen; 2-amino-5-phenyl-2- oxazoline; or 4,5-dihydro-5-phenly-2-oxazolamine)
7493 N-benzylpiperazine (some other names: BZP; 1-benzylpiperazine), its optical isomers, salts and salts of isomers
1235 Cathinone
1503 Fenethylline
1237 Methcathinone (Some other names: 2-(methylamino)-propiophenone; alpha-(methylamino)propiophenone; 2-(methylamino)-1-phenylpropan-1-one; alpha-N-methylaminopropiophenone; monomethylpropion; ephedrone; N-methylcathinone; methylcathinone; AL-464; AL-422; AL-463 and UR1432), its salts, optical isomers and salts of optical isomers
1590 (±)-cis-4-methylaminorex
1475 N-ethylamphetamine
1480 N,N-dimethylamphetamine (also known as N,N-alpha-trimethyl-benzeneethanamine; N,N-alpha-trimethylphenethylamine)
7543 N-Ethylpentylone (ephylone, N-1-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-2-(ethylamino)-1-pentanone))[19]
7246 N-Ethylhexedrone[20]
7544 alpha-Pyrrolidinohexanophenone (α-PHP)[20]
7245 4-Methyl-alpha-ethylaminopentiophenone (4-MEAP)[20]
7446 4'-Methyl-alpha-pyrrolidinohexiophenone (MPHP)[20]
7548 alpha-Pyrrolidinoheptaphenone (PV8)[20]
7443 4-Chloro-alpha-pyrrolidinovalerophenone (4-chloro-α-PVP)[20]
1233 3-Fluoro-N-methylcathinone (3-FMC; 1-(3-fluorophenyl)-2-(methylamino)propan-1-one)
1238 4-Fluoro-N-methylcathinone (4-FMC, flephedrone, 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-(methylamino)propan-1-one)
1246 Pentedrone (α-methylaminovalerophenone, 2-(methylamino)-1-phenylpentan-1-one)
1249 4-Methyl-N-ethylcathinone (4-MEC, 2-(ethylamino)-1-(4-methylphenyl)propan-1-one)
1258 Naphyrone (naphthylpyrovalerone; 1-(naphthalen-2-yl)-2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)pentan-1-one)
7498 4-Methyl-alphapyrrolidinopropiophenone (4-MePPP, MePPP, 4-methyl-α-pyrrolidinopropiophenone,1-(4-methylphenyl)-2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-propan-1-one)
7541 Butylone (bk-MBDB, 1-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-2-(methylamino)butan-1-one)
7542 Pentylone (bk-MBDP, 1-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-2-(methylamino)pentan-1-one)
7545 alpha-pyrrolidinopentiophenone (α-PVP, α-pyrrolidinovalerophenone, 1-phenyl-2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)pentan-1-one)
7546 alpha-pyrrolidinobutiophenone (α-PBP, 1-phenyl-2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)butan-1-one)

Cannabimimetic agents[]

ACSCN Drug
7297 5-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-2-[(1R,3S)-3-hydroxycyclohexyl]-phenol (CP-47,497)
7298 5-(1,1-dimethyloctyl)-2-[(1R,3S)-3-hydroxycyclohexyl]-phenol (cannabicyclohexanol or CP-47,497 C8-homolog)
7118 1-pentyl-3-(1-naphthoyl)indole (JWH-018 and AM678)
7173 1-butyl-3-(1-naphthoyl)indole (JWH-073)
7019 1-hexyl-3-(1-naphthoyl)indole (JWH-019)
7200 1-[2-(4-morpholinyl)ethyl]-3-(1-naphthoyl)indole (JWH-200)
6250 1-pentyl-3-(2-methoxyphenylacetyl)indole (JWH-250)
7081 1-pentyl-3-[1-(4-methoxynaphthoyl)]indole (JWH-081)
7122 1-pentyl-3-(4-methyl-1-naphthoyl)indole (JWH-122)
7398 1-pentyl-3-(4-chloro-1-naphthoyl)indole (JWH-398)
7201 1-(5-fluoropentyl)-3-(1-naphthoyl)indole (AM2201)
7694 1-(5-fluoropentyl)-3-(2-iodobenzoyl)indole (AM694)
7104 1-pentyl-3-[(4-methoxy)-benzoyl]indole (SR-19 and RCS-4)
7008 1-cyclohexylethyl-3-(2-methoxyphenylacetyl)indole 7008 (SR-18 and RCS-8)
7203 1-pentyl-3-(2-chlorophenylacetyl)indole (JWH-203)
7144 (1-pentyl-1H-indol-3-yl)(2,2,3,3-tetramethylcyclopropyl)methanone, its optical, positional, and geometric isomers, salts and salts of isomers (UR-144, 1-pentyl-3-(2,2,3,3-tetramethylcyclopropoyl)indole)
7011 [1-(5-fluoro-pentyl)-1H-indol-3-yl](2,2,3,3-tetramethylcyclopropyl)methanone, its optical, positional, and geometric isomers, salts and salts of isomers (5-fluoro-UR-144, 5-F-UR-144, XLR-11, 1-(5-fluoro-pentyl)-3-(2,2,3,3-tetramethylcyclopropoyl)indole)
7048 N-(1-adamantyl)-1-pentyl-1H-indazole-3-carboxamide, its optical, positional, and geometric isomers, salts and salts of isomers (APINACA, AKB-48)
7222 Quinolin-8-yl 1-pentyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylate (QUPIC, PB-22)[21]
7225 Quinolin-8-yl 1-(5-fluoropentyl)-1H-indole-3-carboxylate (5-fluoro-PB-22; 5F-PB-22)[21]
7012 N-(1-amino-3-methyl-1-oxobutan-2-yl)-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-1H-indazole-3-carboxamide (AB-FUBINACA)[21]
7035 N-(1-amino-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2-yl)-1-pentyl-1H-indazole-3-carboxamide (ADB-PINACA)[21]
7031 N-(1-amino-3-methyl-1-oxobutan-2-yl)-1-(cyclohexylmethyl)-1H-indazole-3-carboxamide (AB-CHMINACA)[22]
7023 N-(1-amino-3-methyl-1-oxobutan-2-yl)-1-pentyl-1H-indazole-3-carboxamide (AB-PINACA)[22]
7024 [1-(5-fluoropentyl)-1H-indazol-3-yl](naphthalen-1-yl)methanone (THJ-2201)[22]
7034 2-(1-(5-Fluoropentyl)-1H-indazole-3-carboxamido)-3,3-dimethylbutanoate (5F-ADB, 5F-MDMB-PINACA)[23]
7033 Methyl 2-(1-(5-fluoropentyl)-1H-indazole-3-carboxamido)-3-methylbutanoate (5F-AMB)[23]
7049 N-(Adamantan-1-yl)-1-(5-fluoropentyl)-1H-indazole-3-carboxamide (5F-APINACA, 5F-AKB48)[23]
7010 N-(1-Amino-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2-yl)-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-1H-indazole-3-carboxamide (ADB-FUBINACA)[23]
7042 Methyl 2-(1-(cyclohexylmethyl)-1H-indole-3-carboxamido)-3,3-dimethylbutanoate (MDMB-CHMICA, MMB-CHMINACA)[23]
7020 Methyl 2-(1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-1H-indazole-3-carboxamido)-3,3-dimethylbutanoate (MDMB-FUBINACA)[23]
7032 N-(1-amino-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2-yl)-1-(cyclohexylmethyl)-1H-indazole-3-carboxamide (MAB-CHMINACA; ADB-CHMINACA)[24]
7036 ethyl 2-(1-(5-fluoropentyl)-1H-indazole-3-carboxamido)-3,3-dimethylbutanoate (5F-EDMB-PINACA)[25]
7041 methyl 2-(1-(5-fluoropentyl)-1H-indole-3-carboxamido)-3,3-dimethylbutanoate (5F-MDMB-PICA)[25]
7047 N-(adamantan-1-yl)-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-1H-indazole-3-carboxamide (FUB-AKB48; FUB-APINACA; AKB48 N-(4-FLUOROBENZYL))[25]
7083 1-(5-fluoropentyl)-N-(2-phenylpropan-2-yl)-1H-indazole-3-carboxamide (5F-CUMYL-PINACA; SGT-25)[25]
7014 (1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-1H-indol-3-yl)(2,2,3,3-tetramethylcyclopropyl) methanone (FUB-144)[25]
7021 Methyl 2-(1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-1Hindazole-3-carboxamido)-3-methylbutanoate (FUB–AMB, MMB– FUBINACA, AMB–FUBINACA)
7025 5F-AB-PINACA (N-(1-amino-3-methyl-1-oxobutan-2-yl)-1-(5-fluoropentyl)-1H-indazole-3-carboxamide)
7044 MMB-CHMICA (AMB-CHMICA, methyl 2-(1-(cyclohexylmethyl)-1H-indole-3-carboxamido)-3-methylbutanoate)
7085 5F-CUMYL-P7AICA (1-(5-fluoropentyl)-N-(2-phenylpropan-2-yl)-1 H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine-3-carboxamide)
7089 4-CN-CUMYL-BUTINACA (1-(4-cyanobutyl)-N-(2-phenylpropan-2-yl)-1H-indazole-3-carboxamide, 4-cyano-CUMYL-BUTINACA, 4-CN-CUMYL BINACA, CUMYL-4CN-BINACA, SGT-78)
7221 NM-2201 (CBL2201, Naphthalen-1-yl 1-(5-fluoropentyl)-1H-indole-3-carboxylate)

References[]

  1. ^ a b 21 CFR 1308.11 (CSA Sched I) with changes through 77 FR 64032 (Oct 18, 2012). Retrieved September 6, 2013.
  2. ^ 21 U.S.C. § 812(b)(1) United States Code via Cornell University's Legal Information Institute. Retrieved on 2007-10-02.
  3. ^ Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) (22 Jan 2002). "Title 21 — Food and Drugs Chapter 13 - Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Subchapter I — Control and Enforcement Part D — Offenses and Penalties: Sec. 841. Prohibited Acts A(a)". Retrieved 23 Oct 2009.[dead link]
  4. ^ Code of Federal Regulations, 2012-04-01
  5. ^ The first 8 items in the temporary section of the schedule shown on the DEA website are not included here because they are duplicates of entries in the tables above. Presumably, this is because they were made permanent and copied there at some point, but inadvertently not deleted from this temporary listing section.
  6. ^ Drug Enforcement Administration, Department of Justice (2017). "Schedules of Controlled Substances: Placement of Acetyl Fentanyl into Schedule I. Final order". Federal Register. 82 (108): 26349–51. PMID 28591974.
  7. ^ "DEA Schedules Deadly Synthetic Drug U-47700". November 10, 2016.
  8. ^ Drug Enforcement Administration (2015). "Schedules of Controlled Substances: Temporary Placement of Acetyl Fentanyl Into Schedule I. Final order". Fed. Regist. 80 (137): 42381–5. PMID 26189217.
  9. ^ Drug Enforcement Administration, Department of Justice (2016). "Schedules of Controlled Substances: Temporary Placement of Furanyl Fentanyl Into Schedule I. Final order". Fed. Regist. 81 (229): 85873–7. PMID 27906535.
  10. ^ Drug Enforcement Administration, Department of Justice (2017). "Schedules of Controlled Substances: Temporary Placement of Acryl Fentanyl into Schedule I. Temporary scheduling order". Federal Register. 82 (134): 32453–7. PMID 28715161.
  11. ^ a b c Drug Enforcement Administration, Department of Justice (2017). "Schedules of Controlled Substances: Temporary Placement of ortho-Fluorofentanyl, Tetrahydrofuranyl Fentanyl, and Methoxyacetyl Fentanyl into Schedule I. Temporary amendment; temporary scheduling order". Federal Register. 82 (206): 49504–8. PMID 29091366.
  12. ^ a b Drug Enforcement Administration, Department of Justice (2016). "Schedules of Controlled Substances: Temporary Placement of Butyryl Fentanyl and Beta-Hydroxythiofentanyl into Schedule I. Final order". Federal Register. 81 (92): 29492–6. PMID 27192733.
  13. ^ Drug Enforcement Administration, Department of Justice (2017). "Schedules of Controlled Substances: Temporary Placement of 4-Fluoroisobutyryl Fentanyl into Schedule I. Temporary scheduling order". Federal Register. 82 (84): 20544–8. PMID 28497944.
  14. ^ Drug Enforcement Administration, Department of Justice (2018). "Schedules of Controlled Substances: Temporary Placement of Cyclopropyl Fentanyl in Schedule I. Temporary amendment; temporary scheduling order". Federal Register. 83 (3): 469–72. PMID 29319947.
  15. ^ a b c d e f g Drug Enforcement Administration, Department of Justice (2018). "Schedules of Controlled Substances: Temporary Placement of Seven Fentanyl-Related Substances in Schedule I. Temporary amendment; temporary scheduling order". Federal Register. 83 (22): 4580–5. PMID 29932604.
  16. ^ Drug Enforcement Administration, Department of Justice (2018). "Schedules of Controlled Substances:Temporary Placement of Fentanyl-Related Substances in Schedule I. Temporary amendment; temporary scheduling order". Federal Register. 83 (25): 5188–92. PMID 29932611.
  17. ^ https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2016-12-14/pdf/2016-29941.pdf[bare URL PDF]
  18. ^ a b c Drug Enforcement Administration (2015). "Schedules of Controlled Substances: Extension of Temporary Placement of Three Synthetic Phenethylamines in Schedule I. Final order". Fed. Regist. 80 (219): 70657–9. PMID 26567439.
  19. ^ "Schedules of Controlled Substances: Temporary Placement of N-Ethylpentylone in Schedule I". Drug Enforcement Administration.
  20. ^ a b c d e f "Schedules of Controlled Substances: Temporary Placement of N-Ethylhexedrone, α-PHP, 4-MEAP, MPHP, PV8, and 4-Chloro-α-PVP in Schedule I". Drug Enforcement Administration.
  21. ^ a b c d Drug Enforcement Administration, Department of Justice (Feb 10, 2014). "Schedules of controlled substances: temporary placement of four synthetic cannabinoids into Schedule I. Final order". Fed. Regist. 79 (27): 7577–7582. PMID 24605391.
  22. ^ a b c Drug Enforcement Administration, Department of Justice (2015). "Schedules of controlled substances: Temporary placement of three synthetic cannabinoids into schedule I. Final order". Federal Register. 80 (20): 5042–7. PMID 25730924.
  23. ^ a b c d e f "Schedules of Controlled Substances: Temporary Placement of Six Synthetic Cannabinoids (5F-ADB, 5F-AMB, 5F-APINACA, ADB-FUBINACA, MDMB-CHMICA and MDMB-FUBINACA) Into Schedule I". Drug Enforcement Administration.
  24. ^ Drug Enforcement Administration, Department of Justice (2018). "Schedules of Controlled Substances: Extension of Temporary Placement of MAB–CHMINACA in Schedule I of the Controlled Substances Act. Temporary rule; temporary scheduling order; extension". Federal Register. 83 (20): 4411–2. PMID 29461023.
  25. ^ a b c d e "Schedules of Controlled Substances: Temporary Placement of 5F-EDMB-PINACA, 5F-MDMB-PICA, FUB-AKB48, 5F-CUMYL-PINACA, and FUB-144 into Schedule I". Federal Register.

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