List of boycotts
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This is a list of boycotts.
Past[]
Time frame | Participants | Target | Cause | Main article | References |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
March 1769 | Philadelphia merchants First Continental Congress |
Great Britain | Opposition to colonial taxation without representation | Continental Association | |
1848 | Milan | Austria | Austrian state monopolies | Five Days of Milan | |
1880 | Irish Land League | Charles Boycott | Desired land reform in Ireland | [citation needed] | |
1891 | Iranian Shia | United Kingdom | The Shah's granting of a tobacco monopoly to Britain | Tobacco Protest | |
1904–1906 | China | United States | The Chinese Exclusion Act of 1902, an extension of the original Act of 1882 Chinese Exclusion Act | [1][2] | |
1912 | Tunisia | Compagnie des tramways de Tunis, all Italian businesses in Tunis | Young Tunisians | Tunis Tram Boycott | |
1919 | China | Japan | May Fourth Movement | Chinese boycotts of Japanese products | |
March 1933 | American Jewish Congress International critics of Nazism |
Nazi Germany | Antisemitism in Nazi Germany | Anti-Nazi boycott of 1933 | |
April 1933 | Nazi Germany | German Jews | Anti-Nazi boycotts | Nazi boycott of Jewish businesses | |
1941–1951 | Iraq | Iraqi Jews | Farhud | [3] | |
Mohandas Gandhi Indian independence movement |
British Raj | Desired economic independence for India | Swadeshi movement | ||
1955–1968 | African Americans | Various | Racial segregation in the United States | Civil Rights Movement Montgomery bus boycott |
|
1961–1983 | West Berlin | Berlin S-Bahn | East German operation of the S-Bahn | Berlin S-Bahn#Cold War | |
United Farm Workers | Grapes and lettuce in retail grocery stores | Labor disputes | Delano grape strike | ||
1960s–1990 | Various academics | South African universities | Apartheid | Academic boycott of South Africa | |
Various | South African produce | Apartheid | [citation needed] | ||
1966–1987 | Various | Coors Brewing Company | Anti-LGBT hiring practices
Discrimination towards minorities and women Anti-unionism |
Coors strike and boycott | [4] |
1984–1993 | INFACT | General Electric | Production and promotion of nuclear weapons | Corporate Accountability International | |
1989–1998 | Rainforest Action Network | Mitsubishi | Rainforest destruction through its forestry activities | Boycott Mitsubishi Campaign | [5] |
1991–1998 | Daishowa | Proposed logging of Lubicon Cree territory | [6] | ||
1996 | CDU/CSU | Mission: Impossible | Association of Corea, Tom Cruise, and John Travolta with Scientology, which is not legally recognized in Germany | [7] | |
1990s–2000 | Andrew Vachss | Thailand | Prostitution of children in Thailand | Don't! Buy! Thai! | |
1998–2003 | American gun owners | Colt Smith & Wesson |
Colt and Smith & Wesson's cooperation with Bill Clinton's gun control efforts | [8] | |
2001–2002 | Greenpeace Friends of the Earth People & Planet |
Esso/ExxonMobil | Esso's climate change denial and lack of investment in renewable energy | Stop Esso campaign | |
2003 | US conservatives | Various celebrities | Celebrity opposition to the 2003 invasion of Iraq | FireHollywood | |
2005 | Association of University Teachers | Bar-Ilan University University of Haifa |
Bar-Ilan's operations in the West Bank Haifa's discipline of a lecturer |
Association of University Teachers#Boycott of Israeli universities 2005 | |
2005–2013 | International Labor Rights Fund and others | Firestone Tire and Rubber Company | Forced labour and child labour on rubber plantations in Liberia | Firestone Natural Rubber Company | [9][10] |
1 May 2006 | Illegal immigrants in the United States | US businesses and schools | US immigration policy | Great American Boycott | |
2008 | German labor unions | Nokia | Nokia's closing of a German plant | [11] | |
2008 | Stonewall | Heinz | Heinz's pulling of a commercial featuring two men kissing | [12] | |
2009 | Various countries | Durban Review Conference | Scope of the conference | Durban Review Conference#Boycotts | |
2010 | Various | BP | Deepwater Horizon oil spill | Reactions to the Deepwater Horizon oil spill#Public reaction | |
2010 | Various | Arizona | Racial profiling law | [13] | |
2019 | Residents of Louisiana | National Football League CBS Sports |
Negligence in rules enforcement that kept the New Orleans Saints out of Super Bowl LIII | 2018–19 NFL playoffs#Conference Championships | [14] |
Sporting[]
Certain countries have declined to participate in international sporting events to protest the host nation's policies or actions.
Event | Participants | Host nation | Cause | Main article | References |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1936 Summer Olympics | Athletes from 22 nations | ![]() |
German fascism and Nazism | People's Olympiad | |
1938 FIFA World Cup | Various South American nations | ![]() |
Selection of a second successive World Cup in Europe | [citation needed] | |
1939 International University Games (Vienna) | Confédération Internationale des Étudiants | ![]() |
German annexation of Austria | ||
1956 Summer Olympics | Egypt, Iraq, Lebanon, Netherlands, Spain, Switzerland, China | ![]() |
Suez Crisis
the presence of the Soviet Union after the Hungarian Revolution |
[citation needed] | |
1964 Summer Olympics | China, North Korea, Indonesia | ![]() |
Withdrew over support of GANEFO | ||
1966 FIFA World Cup | 31 Confederation of Africa Football nations | ![]() |
Play-off qualifications
Readmission of apartheid South Africa |
||
1974 FIFA World Cup qualification (UEFA–CONMEBOL play-off) | Soviet Union | ![]() |
1973 Chilean coup d'état | ||
1976 Summer Olympics | Various African nations | ![]() |
Participation of New Zealand, which had sporting contact with apartheid South Africa | Sporting boycott of South Africa during the Apartheid era | |
1980 Summer Olympics | United States Various nations |
![]() |
Soviet–Afghan War | 1980 Summer Olympics boycott | |
1984 Summer Olympics | Warsaw Pact states (except Romania) Cuba |
![]() |
1980 Summer Olympics boycott | 1984 Summer Olympics boycott Friendship Games |
|
1986 Commonwealth Games | 32 Afro-Asian nations | ![]() |
The Thatcher Government's attitude towards sporting links with South Africa | Sporting boycott of South Africa during the Apartheid era | |
1988 Summer Olympics | North Korea Albania, Cuba, Madagascar, Seychelles |
![]() |
Korean conflict | [citation needed] | |
1995 South Pacific Games | Western Samoa, American Samoa, Nauru, Niue | ![]() |
French nuclear weapons testing in Mururoa | ||
2017–18 Biathlon World Cup – Stage 9 | United States, Canada, Czech Republic, Ukraine | ![]() |
Russian doping scandal |
Ongoing[]
Initiation | Participants | Target | Cause | Main article | References |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1949 | Arab League | Israel | Partition of Palestine | Arab League boycott of Israel | |
1977 | Various | Nestlé | Nestlé's promotion of infant formula over breast milk in developing countries | Nestlé boycott | |
1989 | Liverpudlians | The Sun | The Sun's coverage of the Hillsborough disaster | [15][16][failed verification][17][failed verification][18][19] | |
2003 | Numerous union organizations including SINALTRAINAL | Coca-Cola Company | Anti-union violence in Colombia and environmental degradation in India | Criticism of Coca-Cola | [20][21] |
2005 | Various Human Rights and anti-occupation activists | Israel | Israeli–Palestinian conflict | Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions | |
2005 | Various Muslims worldwide | Denmark | Jyllands-Posten Muhammad cartoons controversy | Economic and social consequences of the Jyllands-Posten Muhammad cartoons controversy | [22] |
2008 | Opponents of California Proposition 8 | Supporters of California Proposition 8 and Utah | LDS Church support for Proposition 8 | Protests against Proposition 8 supporters | [23] |
2008 | Center for Biological Diversity | Bluefin Tuna | Overfishing of Bluefin Tuna, leading to their status as an endangered species. | [24] | |
2009 | LGBT groups | The Salvation Army | The Salvation Army's opposition to homosexuality | [25] | |
2010 | Other LGBT groups |
Target Corporation | Target's donations to Tom Emmer | [26][27][28][29] | |
2010 | LGBT groups | Best Buy | Best Buy's donations to Tom Emmer | [29] | |
2010 | Boycott BP | BP | Deepwater Horizon oil spill | Reactions to the Deepwater Horizon oil spill | [30] |
2011 | LGBT groups | Chick-fil-A | Chick-fil-A's CFO's support of politicians who oppose same-sex marriage | Chick-fil-A same-sex marriage controversy | [31] |
2012 | PETA | Air France | Air France is the only major airline that continues to ship monkeys to laboratories for experimentation. | [32] | |
2013 | Ecuadorian president Rafael Correa and various others | Chevron Corporation | Failure to adequately clean up widespread oil pollution in the Ecuadorian Amazon from its former Texaco operations | Lago Agrio oil field | [33] |
2013 | Survival International | Botswana | Eviction of indigenous San people from the Central Kalahari Game Reserve. | Ancestral land conflict in Botswana | [35] |
2013 | International Labor Rights Forum | Theo Chocolate | Not living up to "fair trade" label because of proven union busting | [36][37] | |
2013 | Palestinians living in the United States | Syria, Iran | Syria and Iran's dismal treatment of Palestinians | [38] | |
2013-2014 | LGBT groups | Russia, Stolichnaya vodka, 2014 Winter Olympics | Russia's anti-LBGT policies | [39] | |
2014 | Citizens of Washington, D.C. | Tourism to Maryland's 1st congressional district, Eastern Shore of Maryland | Interference in District of Columbia home rule | Boycott of Maryland's 1st congressional district | |
2015 | Ethical Consumer | Amazon | Tax avoidance, poor treatment of workers, anti-competitive practices. | Criticism of Amazon | [40] |
2016 | American Family Association | Target Corporation | Mixed sex bathrooms and changing areas | [41] | |
2016 | Various | Corporations backing Donald Trump | Free and fair elections; policies and rhetoric of Donald Trump | GrabYourWallet | [42] |
2018 | Various companies with ties to the NRA | National Rifle Association | Stoneman Douglas High School shooting | 2018 NRA boycott | [43][44][45] |
2018 | Various companies with ties to The Ingraham Angle, and The Ingraham Angle itself. | The Ingraham Angle | Laura Ingraham attacking Stoneman Douglas High School shooting survivor David Hogg | Boycott of The Ingraham Angle | |
2018 | Various companies with ties to Sinclair, and Sinclair itself. | Sinclair Broadcast Group | Conservative media bias of Sinclair; Sinclair mandating local news to attack certain news organizations | Boycott of Sinclair Broadcasting Group | |
2018 | Various | Nike, Inc. | Nike featured Colin Kaepernick in its advertising campaign. He is the NFL quarterback who sparked controversy by kneeling in protest during the national anthem. | [46] | |
2019 | Various | Turkey | Turkish invasion of Rojava on 9th October 2019. Turkey is considered by some groups to be an authoritarian state. | 2019 Turkish offensive into north-eastern Syria | [47] |
2019 | South Koreans | Japan | Japan–South Korea trade dispute | 2019 boycott of Japanese products in South Korea | [48][49] |
2020 | Muslim world | France (products) | French response to the murder of Samuel Paty | Murder of Samuel Paty | [50][51] |
See also[]
- Moral purchasing
References[]
- ^ Tsai, Jung-Fang (1993). "Chapter 7". Hong Kong in Chinese History: Community and Social Unrest in the British Colony, 1842–1913. New York: Columbia University Press.
- ^ Bradley, James (2009). The Imperial Cruise: a secret history of empire and war. Little, Brown and Company. pp. 276–297. ISBN 978-0-316-00895-2.
- ^ "Farhud memories: Baghdad's 1941 slaughter of the Jews". BBC News. Retrieved 19 January 2015.
- ^ "Coors Brewing Company Boycott". glbtq.com. Archived from the original on 24 February 2012. Retrieved 22 June 2012.
- ^ Manheim, Jarol (2000). "Chapter 5". Death of A Thousand Cuts: Corporate Campaigns and the Attack on the Corporation. Routledge. pp. 93–98. ISBN 978-1-135-64857-2.
- ^ [1] Archived 2016-04-03 at the Wayback Machine "Daishowa gives in – Boycott called off", Friends of the Lubicon, June 12, 1998, Retrieved 17 January 2016.
- ^ Wright, Lawrence (2013). Going clear: Scientology, Hollywood, and the prison of belief. New York. ISBN 978-0-307-70066-7. OCLC 818318033.
- ^ Brown, Peter H.; Abel, Daniel G. (2003). Outgunned: Up Against the NRA – The First Complete Insider Account of the Battle Over Gun Control. Simon & Schuster. pp. 63–65. ISBN 978-0-7432-1561-9.
- ^ Miller, T. Christian; Jones, Jonathan (14 June 2017). "A Company That, Literally, Has Blood On Its Hands". Pacific Standard.
- ^ "Stopping Firestone: Getting Rubber to Meet the Road", Foreign Policy In Focus, December 7, 2006 Retrieved October 8, 2017
- ^ Westall, Sylvia (17 January 2008). "German unions urge Nokia boycott over plant closure". Reuters. Retrieved 20 September 2012.
- ^ Clout, Laura (24 June 2008). "Gay rights group boycotts Heinz after 'men kissing' row". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 31 March 2011.
- ^ "Arizona immigration law sparks huge rallies". CBC News. May 1, 2010.
- ^ Scott, Mike (February 4, 2019). "Super Bowl ratings plummet as Who Dats strike back". New Orleans Times-Picayune. Retrieved February 4, 2019.
- ^ "Boycott The Sun in 2003 - Hillsborough Justice Campaign". Retrieved 25 June 2016.
- ^ Lister, Sam. "Ex-Sun editor: I was right on Hillsborough". Liverpool Daily Post. Archived from the original on 4 December 2006. Retrieved 1 December 2006.
- ^ Shennan, Paddy. "Alexi Sayle's Liverpool". Liverpool.com. Retrieved 7 May 2011.
- ^ "Hillsborough: Postal staff refuse to deliver free Sun copies". BBC News. Retrieved 25 June 2016.
- ^ ww.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-merseyside-17113382
- ^ "Coca-Cola boycott launched after killings at Colombian plants", The Guardian, 24 July 2003, Retrieved 19 July 2017
- ^ "Boycott Coca-Cola!", Colombia Solidarity Campaign, 1 October 2003, Retrieved 19 July 2017
- ^ Henkel, Heiko (Fall 2010). "Fundamentally Danish? The Muhammad Cartoon Crisis as Transitional Drama" (PDF). Human Architecture: Journal of the Sociology of Self-knowledge. 2. VIII. Archived (PDF) from the original on 29 October 2013. Retrieved 25 November 2012.
- ^ Vergakis, Brock (9 November 2008). "Utah faces boycott after push by Mormons vs. gay marriage". Boston.com. Retrieved 1 April 2011.
- ^ Clover, Charles (25 November 2008). "Bluefin tuna: Call for boycott after quotas set higher than scientists recommend". The Telegraph. Retrieved 2 November 2019.
- ^ "Group urges Salvation Army boycott". WLUK-TV. 16 December 2009. Archived from the original on 25 November 2011. Retrieved 22 October 2011.
- ^ Vega, Jocelyn (9 March 2011). "Lady Gaga Dissolves Relationship with Target". MTV. Retrieved 29 March 2011.
- ^ Cantor, Matt (25 March 2011). "Target Sues Gay Rights Group". Newser. Retrieved 29 March 2011.
- ^ Lambert, Brian (25 March 2011). "What? Gov. Tim Pawlenty Supported Sharia Law?". MinnPost. Retrieved 29 March 2011.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Christoper, Tommy (29 July 2010). "Best Buy Gay Rights Boycott Tests Citizens United Decision". Mediate. Retrieved March 31, 2011.
- ^ Chernoff, Allan (26 May 2010). "Facebook fans organize to boycott BP". CNN. Retrieved 2 November 2019.
- ^ Arnold, Lori (February 2011). "Chick-fil-A target of gay rights' boycott". Christian Examiner. Archived from the original on 4 July 2011. Retrieved 30 March 2011.
- ^ "Jane Goodall and Peter Gabriel urge Air France to stop ferrying lab monkeys". The Guardian. 20 May 2014. Retrieved 2 November 2019.
- ^ Ecuador's Correa calls for Chevron boycott, Agence France Presse, September 17, 2003 Retrieved 22 August 2017
- ^ City of Berkeley, Peace and Justice Commission, Action Calendar, January 29, 2008, Retrieved 22 August 2017
- ^ "Should we boycott Botswana?". 1 November 2013. Retrieved 2 November 2019.
- ^ Feb 15, Goldy •; Am, 2013 at 10:53. "Are Theo's "Fair Trade" Chocolates Unfair to Seattle Workers?". The Stranger.
- ^ "Aiding and Abetting: How Unaccountable Fair Trade Certifiers Are Destroying Workers' Rights". Retrieved 12 August 2013.
- ^ "PNN". Archived from the original on 25 July 2013. Retrieved 25 June 2016.
- ^ "Russian Vodka Boycott in Gay Bars Faces Predictable Backlash". Retrieved 25 June 2016.
- ^ "Why I'm finally going to boycott Amazon". The Guardian. 17 August 2015. Retrieved 2 November 2019.
- ^ "Online petition for Target boycott gets hundreds of thousands of signatures - Fox News". 26 April 2016. Retrieved 25 June 2016.
- ^ "Grab Your Wallet". Archived from the original on 8 February 2017. Retrieved 15 July 2017.
- ^ Barbash, Fred; Bever, Lindsey (2018-02-23). "#BoycottNRA: Hertz and Avis are the latest companies to cut ties with gun lobby as movement gains steam". Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved 2018-02-25.
- ^ Creswell, Julie; Hsu, Tiffany (2018-02-23). "Companies Cut Ties to the N.R.A., but Find There Is No Neutral Ground". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2018-02-25.
- ^ "The full list of companies who have boycotted the NRA over the Florida shooting". Newsweek. 2018-02-24. Retrieved 2018-02-25.
- ^ "This Is the Reason People Are Setting Their Nike Sneakers on Fire". instyle.com. 2020-09-14.
- ^ "Call for cultural and academic boycott of Turkey". Roar Magazine. 2019-10-22. Retrieved 2019-11-02.
- ^ "South Koreans call for boycott of Japanese cars, beer and cosmetics as 'trade war' intensifies". South China Morning Post. 4 July 2019. Retrieved 28 July 2019.
- ^ "South Koreans are cancelling their Japan trip amid trade war". Travel Daily Media. 23 July 2019.
- ^ Caroline Alexander, Zainab Fattah (2020-10-27). "Muslim world faces divide after Erdogan takes on France for its crackdown on radical Islam". ThePrint. Retrieved 2020-10-27.
- ^ Salem, Mostafa; Bairin, Pierre; Liakos, Chris; Schmidt, Nadine; Dean, Sarah (October 27, 2020). "Calls to boycott French products grow in Muslim world after Macron backs Mohammed cartoons". CNN.
External links[]
Categories:
- Boycotts
- History-related lists