List of derecho events

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The following is a list of derecho events.

North America[]

Event Date Notes
The First Named Derecho July 31, 1877 The severe windstorm crossing Iowa that Prof. Gustavus Hinrichs identified as something special, and named the "derecho" for its straight (rather than spiraling) winds.[1]
1965 Chicago Derecho August 26–27, 1965 [2]
Ohio Fireworks Derecho July 4, 1969 [3]
1977 Southern - Mid-Atlantic derecho June 6, 1977 [citation needed]
Independence Day Derecho of 1977 July 4, 1977
More Trees Down Derecho July 4–5, 1980 [4]
Western Wisconsin Derecho July 15, 1980
Illinois/Michigan Derecho July 16, 1980 [5]
I-94 derecho July 19, 1983 [6]
1991 West Virginia derecho April 9, 1991
Southern Great Lakes Derecho of 1991 July 7–8, 1991
Pakwash Forest Blowdown July 18, 1991 near Ear Falls, Ontario - 191,400 hectares of forest blown down[7]
1993 Storm of the Century March 12–13, 1993 Florida & Cuba; associated with very significant storm surge
June 4, 1993 Derecho June 4, 1993 Midwestern US, Mid-Atlantic US - A fast moving derecho causes significant wind speeds and damage across its path.
July 1993 Central Plains derecho July 8–9, 1993 [8]
Utah Wyoming Derecho 1994 May 31, 1994 One of the few established "Low Dewpoint" Derecho events according to the national weather service. What started as a cluster of thunderstorms in southern Nevada rapidly intensified as they moved northeast into west central Utah. Eventually a powerful line of storms formed producing destructive winds across northern Utah, southwestern Wyoming, and small portions of southeastern Idaho and northwestern Colorado. The system was unique as surface dewpoints across the impacted region were in the 40s and low 50s, much lower than the typical high 60s and low 70s dewpoints seen during derecho events in the eastern US.[9]
Heat wave of 1995 derecho series July 11–15, 1995 affected 15 U.S. States from Montana to New England & Ontario, Canada. Minnesota was hit three times in three days.
Late-May 1998 tornado outbreak and derecho May 30–31, 1998 crossed 4 Great Lakes
Corn Belt Derecho June 29, 1998
New York State Labor Day derechos September 7, 1998
Boundary Waters-Canadian Derecho July 4–5, 1999 [10]
May 25, 2000 North Carolina Derecho May 25, 2000 [11]
2001 Central Wisconsin derecho June 11, 2001 [citation needed]
October 2001 Mississippi-Ohio Valleys derecho October 24, 2001
March 2002 Serial Derecho March 8–10, 2002 Produced snow, sleet, freezing rain, rain, and hail
Memphis Summer Storm of 2003 July 22, 2003 aka "Hurricane Elvis"
Michigan Ohio Pennsylvania Derecho May 21, 2004 [12]
Mississippi - Tennessee Valley Derecho of 2004 July 13, 2004 [citation needed]
2005 Upper Midwest Derecho July 23, 2005 A derecho formed in Northeastern South Dakota near Roslyn and traveled through Central Minnesota into West Central Wisconsin, and Central Wisconsion into Southern Wisconsin. The Derecho traveled more than 350 miles and produced winds up to 85 mph with hail up to Half Dollar Size.[13]
Southern U.S. March Derecho March 9, 2006
April 2, 2006 Tornado Outbreak April 2, 2006
Heat wave of 2006 derecho series July 17–19 and 21, 2006
June 4, 2008 derecho June 4, 2008 [14]
June 2008 Omaha derecho June 27, 2008
The Iowa Summer Derecho of 2008 July 21, 2008 [15][16]
Chicago Derecho August 4, 2008
May 2009 derecho series May 3–8, 2009
May 2009 Southern Midwest derecho May 8, 2009 aka "The Inland Hurricane"
June 2009 Mid-South Derecho June 12, 2009 [citation needed]
June 2009 Southern KY derecho June 16, 2009
June 2009 Midwest Derecho series June 17–19, 2009 [citation needed]
June 18 Midwest derechos June 18, 2010
Late June 2010 Hybrid Derecho June 23, 2010 [citation needed]
October 2010 North American storm complex October 23–28, 2010
June 2011 Northwest Indiana derecho June 4, 2011 [citation needed]
July 2011 Upper Midwest-Great Lakes Derecho July 10–11 A series of derecho-producing convective systems produced a relatively narrow but lengthy swath of wind damage that extended all the way from the central High Plains to the Mid-Atlantic states on July 10–11, 2011.[17] A small powerful derecho first formed in Southern North Dakota producing winds up to 95 mph, hail up to hen egg sized and nine tornadoes including a large EF2 tornado SE of Napoleon, ND which heavily damaged three farm houses. Two large grain bins were destroyed and thrown considerable distances. Many trees were uprooted or snapped.[18][circular reference] The derecho produced widespread wind gusts and wind damage reports from Southern North Dakota, Central Minnesota and Western Central Wisconsin. The derecho weakened considerably when the July 2011 Iowa-Illinois-Michigan-Ohio derecho sucked the instability and moisture from the storm over Lake Michigan. The derecho traveled more than 400 miles and produced winds up to 95 mph, hail up to hen egg size, and nine tornadoes in North Dakota and Western Minnesota.
July 2011 Iowa-Illinois-Michigan-Ohio derecho July 11, 2011 [19]
June 2012 Lower Mississippi Valley derecho June 11, 2012 [citation needed]
Summer of 2012 derecho series June 29, 2012-August 2012 Event on July 26 was the third derecho in 4 weeks to impact west-central Ohio
June 2012 North American derecho June 29–30, 2012 aka "Ring of Fire Derecho", passed through nine states from Indiana to New Jersey, cutting power to millions[20]
June 12–13, 2013 derecho series June 12–13, 2013 Two derechos developed; one on June 12 and one on June 13
Late June 2013 Chicago derecho June 24, 2013
Late August 2013 Derecho August 30, 2013 Third derecho to impact northern Illinois since June 12, 2013
Late June 2014 Derecho June 30, 2014 Winds up to 110 mph were reported in Lake County, Indiana
June 21–22, 2015 Severe Weather Event June 21–22, 2015 Winds of 122 mph recorded on personal weather station near Hayes, SD before it was destroyed.[21]
2015 Midwest Derecho July 12–13, 2015 A powerful derecho first formed in a cluster in Todd and Douglas Counties and then spread to the east and southeast. A barn was one of the first victims south of Aldrich in Todd County. Next there were reports of trees down in Douglas County. There was also tree damage in Pope and Stearns County. Some of the most extensive damage occurred in the Brainerd and Baxter area of Crow Wing County where an NWS survey showed winds in excess of 100 mph did extensive damage to large, healthy trees, homes, power lines and businesses. Many trees and power lines were down the Baxter area, blocking roads including Highway 371. Two camper trailers were flipped and the Brainerd International Raceway grandstand was damaged. The Gull Lake Dam Campsite was evacuated of campers and then closed with hundreds of trees down in and around the campground. There was also extensive damage on Pelican Lake in Crow Wing County with many trees down and structural damage to resorts and cabins. As the storms sagged south into the Twin Cities Metro Area, heavy rain and lightning were the biggest impacts with one to two inches of rain common. 1.7 inches of rain fell in an hour at the U of M St. Paul Campus Climate Observatory. A location near Woodbury in Washington County saw 2.41 inches of rain. The highest 24 rainfall total found so far was 3.25 inches near Fergus Falls in Otter Tail County. Lighting sparked house fires in several locations around the Twin Cities.[22] Severe storms merged in west central and central Minnesota and then developed more into a line of storms and produced periodic downed trees, power lines, and occasional estimated winds of 60-70 mph as the storms moved southeast along Interstate 94 and into the Twin Cities metro area. Damage was not as widespread after it moved out of central Minnesota and into east central Minnesota, due to less wind shear and instability.[23] The storms re-intensified as they moved into Wisconsin and continued to move southeast. By late afternoon on the 13th the line of storms were progressing through eastern Kentucky. The derecho traveled more than 900 miles with winds gusting up to 104 mph.[22]
August 2015 Northwest Michigan Derecho August 2, 2015 Derecho over northwestern Lower Michigan, damaging trees at Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore and cutting off power to many residents of Traverse City; also impacting the penultimate night of the Traverse City Film Festival
June 2016 Ohio Valley Derecho June 22–23, 2016 A powerful derecho produced just over 120 reports of either high thunderstorm winds or wind damage were reported to NOAA's Storm Prediction Center from midday Wednesday through early Thursday morning from northern Illinois to Virginia, including a 100 mph wind gust apparently measured northwest of Battle Ground, Indiana. The temporal and spatial distribution of those wind reports qualified the event as a low-end derecho, according to the criteria used in a 2005 study.[24]
2016 Upper Midwest Derecho July 20–21, 2016 A massive intense derecho formed in central North Dakota during the afternoon of July 20 and moved into northwest Minnesota at dusk. A wind gust of 83 mph was clocked at the Hallock Airport in Kittson County at 9:34pm. The storms continued to move to the east and southeast causing damage as they went, including flipping over planes at the Bemidji Airport and peeling off roofs on steel-clad buildings in town. At 1am July 21 the storms reached Park Rapids in Hubbard County and downed trees. A wind gust was measured at 55 mph at the Park Rapids Airport. By 3am the storms moved into the Duluth area, where the ground was saturated from previous storms, making it even easier for the strong winds to topple large trees. Widespread power outages resulted, and at least 75,000 Minnesota Power customers lost service. The storms also moved through the Boundary Waters Canoe Area Wilderness, tragically killing two campers on Basswood Lake in Quetico, just across the Minnesota border in Ontario. The southern edge of the storms also moved through Central Minnesota and the Twin Cities metro area between 3:30 and 5am, with gusty winds up to 70 mph out ahead of the storms waking people out of bed and causing minor tree damage along with spotty power outages.[25] Winds were measured at 100 mph in downtown Duluth and measured at 103 mph in the ship canal by a 700-foot freighter.[26]
May 2017 United States Derecho May 26–28, 2017 Three derechos struck the Ozarks, Ohio, and Tennessee valleys
June 2017 Northern Plains Derecho June 11, 2017 During the morning hours of June 11, 2017, a dangerous derecho tracked eastward out of South Dakota, across Southern and Central Minnesota, and through Northern Wisconsin into the Upper Peninsula of Michigan. The derecho produced widespread wind gusts, large hail, and a tornado. Winds gusts up to 80 mph were reported in Meeker County, Minnesota with hail up to hen egg size.[27]
July 2017 Midwestern derecho July 19–21, 2017 [28][29][30][31][32]
2018 Mid-Atlantic Derecho May 14, 2018 A derecho traveled over 400 miles from Columbus, Ohio to the east coast of Virginia, causing severe thunderstorms, flash flooding, and hailstones the size of ping pong balls.[33]
2018 Northeast Derecho May 15, 2018 A derecho originating in West Virginia traveled over 450 miles, terminating on the East Coast. This storm system caused damage from as far North as New York and Connecticut, to as far south as Maryland, killing five people and causing extensive damage.[34] Ahead of the derecho, several supercells formed in, and travelled through the Northeastern Tri State Area, as well as Southern New England, producing hail up to the size of baseballs as well as damaging tornadoes.[35] The derecho was notable for several reasons, as it was the first to hit the New York Metropolitan area in several years, and it dropped large, life-threatening hail in areas that normally don't see hail at all.
2018 Southeastern Derecho June 28, 2018 Formed in central Tennessee, traveled through the entire state of Alabama to the Gulf coast. One person killed in Clay County, AL by a falling tree. Widespread power outages all across Alabama.[36]
2018 Northern Plains Derecho June 28, 2018 Supercells formed in eastern Montana and rapidly congealed into a derecho producing squall line. The derecho produced widespread wind damage across North Dakota and Western Minnesota. Winds up to 96 mph were reported with this storm. A man was killed by a fallen tree.[37][38]
2018 Midwest-Mississippi River Derecho June 28, 2018 A derecho producing squall line formed in Eastern Nebraska. The complex of storms moved east across Iowa before turning southeast and moving south along the Mississippi River. Along its path it produced wind damage with gusts up to 85 mph.[37][38]
Table Rock Lake Derecho July 19, 2018 A derecho producing squall line formed in Kansas moving east then turning southeast into Missouri. Many 75+ mph wind gusts were reported in Kansas. As the derecho went through Missouri, it created dangerous marine conditions in Table Rock Lake. A duck boat capsized in the lake partly due to these conditions killing 17 of the 31 people on board.[37][38]
July 2019 Heatwave Upper Midwest Derecho July 19–20, 2019 A powerful derecho storm moved through the Upper Midwest on the Friday night of July 19, gathering up 73 damaging wind reports, according to the National Weather Service, and the same area remained under threat of more severe weather Saturday, July 20 for northern Iowa, southern Minnesota, Wisconsin and Michigan. Its believed that this storm dissipated before it reached the eastern Great Lakes Region including southern Ontario in Canada and the northeastern United States around the 21st of July. Friday's event resulted in only the sixth known watch (Tornado or Severe Thunderstorm) with Wind Gust potential of up to 105 MPH.[39][40][41][42][43][44][37][38]
2020 Southern Plains-Ozarks Serial Derecho April 28–29, 2020 A derecho brought damaging winds to parts of the central U.S. Tuesday night. Near Jasper, Missouri, a semi truck was overturned on Interstate 49 early Tuesday evening because of damaging thunderstorm winds from this squall line. A 75 mph wind gust was estimated in the area of the incident. Tulsa, Oklahoma, reported estimated wind gusts of 65 to 75 mph when the squall line of thunderstorms impacted that area early Tuesday evening. A wind gust to 64 mph was clocked at Springfield-Branson National Airport in southwestern Missouri early Tuesday evening. Some 70 miles to the west in Joplin, Missouri, and its suburbs, there were reports of trees and power lines down. The storms also produced hail up to the size of tennis balls (2.5 inches in diameter) near Marshall, Mustang, Ninnekah and Yukon, Oklahoma. This storm system produced more than 450 reports of severe weather in the 24 hours ending early Wednesday morning from Illinois, Missouri and southeastern Kansas to parts of Texas and Louisiana. Most of those reports were for wind damage, strong thunderstorm winds or large hail.[45] The derecho traveled more than 500 miles before moving off the coast of Texas and Louisiana into the Gulf of Mexico and produced winds up to 78 mph with hail up to 3.75" in diameter and a few tornadoes including a short-lived EF2 tornado N of Hochatown, OK that tossed two barges over 100 yd (91 m), a home's roof deck was collapsed, and a single-wide manufactured home was destroyed, with its base frame twisted and tossed 100 yd (91 m) to the east. A second house suffered significant roof and structural damage after large gas tanks were tossed into it. A third house had roofing material removed. Numerous trees were snapped or uprooted.[46][circular reference]
Kansas-Tennessee Progressive Derecho May 3, 2020 Second derecho in a week, originating from the same spot
June 2020 Pennsylvania–New Jersey derecho June 3, 2020 Three deaths were reported in Montgomery County, Pennsylvania and a 93 mph wind gust was recorded in Beach Haven, New Jersey. 700,000 were left without power.
June 2020 Rocky Mountains-Northern Plains Derecho June 6–7, 2020 This derecho originated over eastern Utah and western Colorado in the late morning of June 6 and crossed the Rockies on to the High Plains before falling below severe limits in eastern North Dakota. A 110 mph wind gust was recorded at the Winter Park Ski Resort in Colorado. Tree damage was reported throughout metro Denver and wind gusts were clocked at over 75 mph at several locations in Jefferson, Adams, Douglas, and Denver Counties. Winds in excess of 75 mph were also recorded in portions of Wyoming, South Dakota, and Nebraska. This derecho was unusual for its origin west of the Continental Divide and the extreme forward speed in its early stages, reaching 120 mph at some points in western Colorado.[47]
Great Lakes serial derecho of June 2020 June 10, 2020 A widespread thunderstorm wind event known as a squall line formed from a slowly progressing cold front, that was possibly associated with the remnants of Tropical Storm Cristobal. The squall line, later classified as a derecho, blasted the eastern Midwestern United States and Eastern Canada. A rare moderate risk of severe weather was issued for a large part of Michigan and parts of Ohio and Indiana; these regions had not had a moderate risk of severe weather since 2013. With a 5% chance for a tornado 45% hatched chance for damaging winds and 15% chance for damaging hail. Roughly 300 reports of high winds or wind damage were received from Michigan to western New York leaving 700,000 people without power. The storm system produced 7 tornadoes in Ontario.
Northern Plains Derecho of 2020 July 7, 2020
August 2020 Midwest derecho August 10–11, 2020 A severe weather event which took place from August 10–11, 2020 across the Midwestern United States and portions of southwestern Ontario. The derecho caused notably high wind speeds of up to 126 mph recorded in Iowa, with post-damage assessments of up to 140 mph in some places. The derecho also spawned an outbreak of weak tornadoes, and resulted in an estimated $11 billion of damage. In addition, certain areas reported torrential rain and large hail.[48]
October 2020 Northeast Serial Derecho October 7, 2020 This Serial Derecho on Wednesday, October 7th, 2020, caused a 320-mile wide damage path in Ontario Canada, New York, Massachusetts, and Connecticut. Isolated areas received gusts up to 75 mph, causing power outages. Microbursts occurred in Root, Pittstown, and Johnsonville, NY, with estimated maximum wind speeds of 80, 90, and 100 mph, respectively. An EF0 tornado touched down in Canajoharie NY.[49]
July 2021 Wisconsin Derecho July 28th-29th, 2021 A derecho occurred near the end of July and caused widespread damage over Wisconsin and a small part of Michigan. The Storm Prediction Center issued a Moderate Risk of severe weather, with a 45% chance of winds over 50 knots, and a 10%+ chance of it being over 65 knots or higher. A PDS (particularly dangerous situation) Severe Thunderstorm Watch was issued for the moderate risk area. Wind gusts of over 90 mph (145 km/h) were reported. 37 tornadoes were confirmed. [50]

Europe[]

hide
Event Date Notes
August 1674 Netherlands 1 August 1674 [51] Utrecht cathedral partly collapsed; widespread damage everywhere in west and mid of country
July 1995 Switzerland - Germany Derecho 22 July 1995 [citation needed]
July 2002 Finland derecho 5 July 2002 [52] known as storm "Unto" in Finnish.[53]
July 2002 Germany derecho 10 July 2002 [54] (Crossair Flight 850)
2003 Mediterranean derecho 17 August 2003 Struck Catalonia, Spain and Languedoc to Roussillon, France with up to F2 damage[55]
2007 winter derecho 18 January 2007 Significant derecho across northern and central Europe embedded within Kyrill windstorm caused many fatalities[56]
March 2008 Central Europe derecho 1 March 2008 Significant derecho embedded within Emma windstorm caused more than dozen fatalities[56]
Middle Europa (Czech) Derecho 25–26 June 2008 [57][58]
July 2009 Middle Europe Derecho 23–24 July 2009 [citation needed]
2010 Heat Wave derecho series 7–14 July 2010 Multiple significant derechos (with tornado(s)) across Belgium, the Netherlands[59]
July 2010 Finland derecho 29–30 July 2010 Known as "Asta" in Finland, felled roughly 1 million cubic metres of trees. Rare European nocturnal derecho.[60]
August 2010 Baltic - Finland derecho 8 August 2010 Severe wind gusts more than 36 m/s measured in Estonia.[60][61] This was determined to be a derecho event.[62]
July 2011 Bulgaria derecho 20 July 2011 First derecho in Bulgaria to be studied.[63]
July 2015 Poland derecho 19 July 2015 The supercell from western Saxony in Germany transformed into an expansive mesoscale storm system in Poland. Approx. 6000 wind damages were recorded all over the country. The derecho has reached western Belarus during the night-time hours with total distance over 700 kilometres (over 435 miles).[64]
August 2017 Middle Europe derecho series 10–12 August 2017 10–11 August: Strong mesoscale system was formed in the middle Austria about 10PM. The storm crossed east Czechia and the middle Poland during the night and hit Warsaw about 7AM. At least one person was dead because of storm wind gusts. About 200 000 buildings were without electric power. 11–12 August:Severe wind gusts with more than 90 mph were recorded in western and central Poland. 6 people were killed and 62 injured, almost half a million buildings were without power. 8.2 million cubic metres of trees fell down by the windstorm. 21944 wind damages were recorded. Elblag recorded 152km/h winds as a result.[65][66][circular reference][67]

South America[]

Event Date Notes
Amazon Blowdown 16–18 January 2005 Massive derecho downed ~540 million trees within the Amazon rainforest of Brazil[68]
Buenos Aires Derecho 4 April 2012 Windstorms and tornadoes caused 25 confirmed deaths near Buenos Aires, Argentina. Unofficially, more than 100 people were killed.[citation needed]
Rio Grande do Sul 29 May 2013 A long-lived bow echo produced an extensive swath of damaging winds in the early morning hours in extreme southern Brazil.[69]
Rio Grande do Sul 18–19 October 2014 A fast-moving nocturnal/early-morning bow echo displaying a bow-and-arrow mesoscale convective structure, a strong rear-inflow jet, and a mesoscale convective vortex produced a swath of damaging winds along a path of more than 500 km in southern Brazil.[69]
Southern Brazil Derecho of June 30, 2020 30 June 2020 Long-lived and linear derecho caused by an extratropical cyclone (bomb cyclone), causing widespread wind destruction across various municipalities of all states in the Southern Region of the country. Isolated tornadoes also occurred. Highest measured windgust was 180 km/h.[70] The squall line then weakened before reaching São Paulo and Mato Grosso do Sul states causing widespread heavy rain. The remnants of this squall line reached Minas Gerais state, causing widespread and unseasonal scattered showers, before dissipating completely.[71][72]

Asia[]

Event Date Notes
Huanghuai Area Derecho June 3–4, 2009 Intense squall line impacted the provinces of Shanxi, Henan, Shandong, Anhui, and Jiangsu, killing 22 people.[73]

See also[]

References[]

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