List of heads of state and government who survived assassination attempts

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This article is a list of heads of state who have survived assassination attempts. Many notable heads of government have been survivors of assassination attempts.

List[]

Date Intended victim(s) Title at the time Place Country Perpetrator(s)
227 BC Qin Shi Huang King of Qin Xianyang China Jing Ke
218 BC Qin Shi Huang[1] First Emperor of a unified China China China Ordered by Zhang Liang (Western Han)
156–5 BC Ptolemy VIII of Egypt[2] Egyptian Monarch Alexandria Ancient Egypt Ordered by Ptolemy VI Philometor, his brother
626 AD Mar–Apr Saint Edwin of Northumbria[3] King of Deira and Bernicia York, Northumbria  England Agents of Cwichelm of Wessex
1298 Dec Edward I King of England Westminster  England Merchants of Lucca
1323 30 Nov Edward II King of England Coventry  England John of Nottingham
1330 17 Apr Charles I[4] King of Hungary Visegrád  Hungary Felician Záh
1400 4 Jan Henry IV King of England Windsor Castle  England Members of the Epiphany Rising
1401 8 Sep Westminster Unknown
1486 23 Apr Henry VII King of England York  England Francis Lovell, 1st Viscount Lovell
1542 Nov Jiajing Emperor Emperor of China Nanjing Ming China Imperial Concubine Ning, Yang Jinying, and 14 other palace women.[5]
1557 Sep Henry II King of France Paris Flag of France (XIV-XVI).svg France Caboche
1571 bef. April Elizabeth I Queen of England Westminster  England Members of the Ridolfi Plot
1583 bef. Nov Francis Throckmorton
1584 Mar–Nov William Parry
1586 Jul–Aug Anthony Babington
1594 27 Dec Henry IV King of France Paris Flag of France (XIV-XVI).svg France Jean Châtel
1605 5 Nov James I King of England Westminster  England Guy Fawkes
1696 15–22 Feb William III King of England Kew Bridge  England Ambrose Rookwood
1757 5 Jan Louis XV[6] King of France Versailles Royal Standard of the King of France.svg France Robert-François Damiens
1758 3 Sep Joseph I King of Portugal and the Algarves Ajuda, Lisbon  Portugal Unclear; possibly the Távora family (see Távora affair)
1800 15 May George III[7] King of Britain and Ireland Westminster  United Kingdom James Hadfield
1800 24 Dec Napoleon Bonaparte[8] First Consul of France Paris  France François-Joseph Carbon (Plot of the rue Saint-Nicaise)
1809 12 Oct Napoleon I Emperor of the French Schönbrunn  Austrian Empire Friedrich Staps
1835 30 Jan Andrew Jackson[9] President of the United States Washington D.C.  United States Richard Lawrence
1835 28 Jul Louis-Philippe [10] King of France Paris  France Giuseppe Marco Fieschi
1840 10 Jun Queen Victoria[11] Queen of the United Kingdom London  United Kingdom Edward Oxford
1842 30 May John Francis
1852 15 Aug Nasser al-Din Shah[12] Shahanshah of Persia Tehran  Persia Babis
1853 18 Feb Franz Joseph I[13] Austria-Hungarian Emperor Vienna  Austria-Hungary János Libényi
1858 14 Jan Napoleon III[14] Emperor of the France Paris  France Felice Orsini
1866 4 Apr Alexander II Czar of Russia St. Petersburg  Russian Empire Dmitry Karakozov
1866 7 May Otto von Bismarck Minister President of Prussia Berlin  German Confederation Ferdinand Cohen-Blind
1873 22 Aug Domingo Faustino Sarmiento President of Argentina Buenos Aires  Argentina Ricardo López Jordán
1874 13 Jul Otto von Bismarck[15] Chancellor of the German Reich Bad Kissingen,  German Empire Eduard Kullman[who?]
1878 17 Nov Umberto I King of Italy Naples  Italy Giovanni Passannante
1879 20 Apr Alexander II Czar of Russia St. Petersburg  Russian Empire Alexander Soloviev
1880 5 Feb Stephan Khalturin
1882 2 Mar Queen Victoria[11] Queen of the United Kingdom Windsor  United Kingdom Roderick MacLean
1889 15 Jul Pedro II[16] Emperor of Brazil Rio de Janeiro  Empire of Brazil Adriano Augusto do Valle
1889 18 Oct Ōkuma Shigenobu[17] Prime Minister of Japan Tokyo  Japan member of the Gen'yōsha
1897 5 Nov Prudente de Morais[18] President of Brazil Rio de Janeiro Brazil Brazil Lance corporal Marcelino Bispo de Melo
1900 2 Aug Mozaffar ad-Din Shah Qajar[19] Shah of Persia Paris  France Francois Salson
1902 15 Nov Leopold II King of the Belgians Brussels  Belgium Gennaro Rubino
1905 1 Jun Émile Loubet[20] President of France Paris  France unidentified anarchist
1905 1 Jun Alfonso XIII King of Spain
1905 21 Jul Abdul Hamid II[21] Sultan of the Ottoman Empire Constantinople  Ottoman Empire Armenian Revolutionary Federation
1906 31 May Alfonso XIII King of Spain Madrid  Spain Mateu Morral
1908 15 Mar Mohammad Ali Shah Qajar[22] Shah of Persia Tehran  Persia Constitutionalists
1909 16 Oct William Howard Taft President of the United States Ciudad Juárez  Mexico Crowd member
1918 Aug 30 Vladimir Lenin Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of the Soviet Union Moscow  Russian SFSR Fanny Kaplan
1918 6 Dec Sidónio Pais President of Portugal Lisbon  Portugal Luís Maria Baptista
1919 19 Feb Georges Clemenceau Prime Minister of France Paris  France Émile Cottin
1921 25 Sep Józef Piłsudski[23] Naczelnik państwa Lviv  Poland Stepan Fedak
1922 14 Jul Alexandre Millerand President of France Paris  France Gustave Bouvet
1924 5 Sep Stanisław Wojciechowski[24] President of Poland Lviv  Poland Teofil Olszewski
1926 7 Apr Benito Mussolini Prime Minister of Italy Rome  Italy Violet Gibson
11 Sep Gino Lucetti
31 Oct Bologna Anteo Zamboni
1931 21 Feb Zog I King of Albania Vienna  Austria Ndok Gjeloshi, Aziz Çami
1932 9 Jan Hirohito Emperor of Japan Tokyo  Japan Lee Bong-chang
1933 15 Feb 1933 Franklin D. Roosevelt President-elect of the United States Miami  United States Giuseppe Zangara
1933 Oct Engelbert Dollfuss Chancellor of Austria Vienna  Austria Rudolf Dertill
1936 26 Feb Keisuke Okada Prime Minister of Japan Tokyo  Japan Imperial Japanese Army (IJA) officers
1936 16 Jul Edward VIII King of England London  United Kingdom George McMahon
1937 4 Jul António de Oliveira Salazar Prime Minister of Portugal São Sebastião da Pedreira, Lisbon  Portugal Emídio Santana and several anarcho-syndicalist and communist conspirators
1941 17 May Victor Emmanuel III King of Italy Tirana  Albania Vasil Laçi
1943 13 Mar Adolf Hitler[25] German Führer Wolf's Lair  Nazi Germany Henning von Tresckow, Fabian von Schlabrendorff, Rudolf Christoph Freiherr von Gersdorff[citation needed]
1944 20 Jul Claus von Stauffenberg (20 July plot)
1949 4 Feb Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi[26] Shah of Iran Tehran  Iran Fakhr-Arai
1950 1 Nov Harry Truman President of the United States Washington, D.C.  United States Oscar Collazo and Griselio Torresola (FALN)
1952 27 Mar Konrad Adenauer Chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany Munich  West Germany Herut
1954 26 Oct Gamal Abdel Nasser President of Egypt Alexandria  Egypt Mohammed Abdel Latif
1955 11 Apr Zhou Enlai Chinese Premier Hong Kong  British Hong Kong Kuomintang agents
1957 22 Feb Ngô Đình Diệm President of the Republic of Vietnam Buôn Ma Thuột  South Vietnam Hà Minh Tri
1957 30 Nov Sukarno President of Indonesia Jakarta  Indonesia Darul Islam/Tentara Islam Indonesia
1960 9 Apr Hendrik Verwoerd Prime Minister of South Africa Johannesburg  South Africa David Pratt
1960 24 Jun Rómulo Betancourt President of Venezuela Caracas  Venezuela Ordered by Dominican Republic President Rafael Leonidas Trujillo
1960 11 Dec John F. Kennedy President-elect of the United States Florida  United States Richard Paul Pavlick
1962 27 Feb Ngô Đình Diệm President of the Republic of Vietnam Saigon  South Vietnam Nguyễn Văn Cử and Phạm Phú Quốc
1962 14 May Sukarno President of Indonesia Jakarta  Indonesia Darul Islam/Tentara Islam Indonesia
1962 22 August Charles de Gaulle President of France Petit-Clamart  France Jean-Marie Bastien-Thiry
1964 21 Feb İsmet İnönü Prime Minister of Turkey Ankara  Turkey Mesut Suna
1964 11 Aug Francisco Franco Generalissimo Caudillo of Spain Madrid  Francoist Spain Stuart Christie
1965 12 Apr Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi[27] Shah of Iran Tehran  Iran Iranian soldier
1968 13 Aug Georgios Papadopoulos President of Greece between Lagonisi and Athens  Greece Alexandros Panagoulis
1969 22 Jan Leonid Brezhnev General Secretary of the Soviet Union Moscow  Soviet Union Viktor Ilyin,
1970 27 Nov Pope Paul VI Bishop of Rome Manila  Philippines Benjamin Mendoza y Amor
1970 1 Sep Hussein I King of Jordan Amman  Jordan PFLP
1971 10 Jul Hassan II King of Morocco Skhirat  Morocco M'hamed Ababou and Mohamed Medbouh,
1971 13 Sep Mao Zedong Chairman of the Communist Party of China China  China Lin Biao
1972 16 Aug Hassan II King of Morocco Kenitra  Morocco Mohamed Amekrane
1973 Jan 14 Golda Meir[28][29] Prime Minister of Israel Rome  Italy Black September Organization
Mar 4 New York City  United States
1974 15 Aug Park Chung-hee President of South Korea Seoul  South Korea Mun Se-gwang
1974 17 Feb Richard Nixon[30] President of the United States Baltimore/Washington International Airport  United States Samuel Byck
1975 5 Sep Gerald Ford[31] Sacramento Lynette "Squeaky" Fromme
22 Sep San Francisco Sara Jane Moore
1976 Feb Jean-Bédel Bokassa President of the Central African Republic Bangui M'Poko International Airport  Central African Republic unknown
1981 30 Mar Ronald Reagan[25][32] President of the United States Washington, D.C.  United States John Hinckley Jr.
1981 13 May Pope John Paul II[25][33] Bishop of Rome St. Peter's Square   Vatican City State Mehmet Ali Ağca
1981 13 June Elizabeth II[34] Queen of the United Kingdom London  United Kingdom Marcus Sarjeant
1982 12 May Pope John Paul II[25][35] Bishop of Rome Fátima  Portugal Juan María Fernández y Krohn
1982 8 Jul Saddam Hussein President of Iraq Dujail  Iraq Islamic Dawa Party
1983 19 Oct Chun Doo-hwan[36] President of South Korea. Rangoon  Burma North Korean agents
1984 12 Oct Margaret Thatcher[37] Prime Minister of the United Kingdom Brighton  United Kingdom IRA
1986 7 Sep Augusto Pinochet[38] President of Chile Cajón del Maipo  Chile Manuel Rodríguez Patriotic Front
1987 18 Jun Turgut Özal[39] President of Turkey Ankara  Turkey Kartal Demirağ
1987 30 Jul Rajiv Gandhi Prime Minister of India Colombo  Sri Lanka Vijitha Rohana
18 Aug Junius Richard Jayewardene[40] President of Sri Lanka Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna
Ranasinghe Premadasa[32] Prime Minister of Sri Lanka
1991 Mohammed Zahir Shah[41] Last King of Afghanistan Rome  Italy Disguised person
1991 7 Feb John Major[42] Prime Minister of the United Kingdom London  United Kingdom IRA
1993 Nov Atef Sedki[43] Prime Minister of Egypt Cairo  Egypt Vanguards of Conquest.
1994 29 Oct Bill Clinton President of the United States Washington D.C.  United States Francisco Martin Duran
1995 25 Jun Hosni Mubarak[44] President of Egypt Addis Ababa  Ethiopia National Islamic Front
1995 29 Aug Eduard Shevardnadze[45] President of Georgia Tbilisi  Georgia Mkhedrioni rebels
1995 3 Oct Kiro Gligorov[46] President of Macedonia Skopje  Macedonia Unknown
1995 5 Nov Jean Chrétien[47] Prime Minister of Canada Ottawa  Canada André Dallaire
1996 Feb Muammar Gaddafi[48][49] Libyan leader Sirte  Libya Islamic extremists
1996 17 Jul Pavlo Lazarenko[50] Prime Minister of Ukraine Kyiv  Ukraine Unknown
1998 9 Feb Eduard Shevardnadze[45] President of Georgia Tbilisi  Georgia Anti-government forces.
1998 12 Jun Muammar Gaddafi[48] Libyan Revolutionary leader Derna  Libya Islamic militants
1999 18 Dec Chandrika Kumaratunga[51] President of Sri Lanka Colombo  Sri Lanka LTTE
2001 7 Feb George W. Bush President of the United States Washington D.C.  United States Robert Pickett
2002 14 Jul Jacques Chirac[52] President of France Paris  France Maxime Brunerie
2002 5 Sep Hamid Karzai[53] President of Afghanistan Kandahar  Afghanistan Lone gunman
2003 25 Dec Pervez Musharraf[25][54] President of Pakistan Rawalpindi  Pakistan Ordered by Amjad Farooqi
2004 19 Mar Chen Shui-bian[25] President of the Republic of China Tainan  Taiwan Unknown
2004 29 Jul Shaukat Aziz[55] Prime Minister of Pakistan Fateh Jang  Pakistan Al-Qaeda sympathizers
2004 21 Aug Sheikh Hasina[56] Prime Minister of Bangladesh Dhaka  Bangladesh Harkat-ul-Jihad al-Islami
2005 15 Mar Ibrahim Rugova[57] President of Kosovo Pristina  Kosovo Unknown
2005 10 May Mikheil Saakashvili[58] President of Georgia Tbilisi  Georgia Vladimir Arutyunian
George W. Bush[58] President of the United States
2006 18 Sep Abdullahi Yusuf Ahmed[59] President of Somalia Baidoa  Somalia Islamic Courts Union (blamed)
2007 29 Jun Guillaume Soro[60] Prime Minister of Ivory Coast Bouaké  Ivory Coast Unknown
2007 6 Jul Pervez Musharraf[61] President of Pakistan Rawalpindi  Pakistan Taliban
2008 8 Jan Maumoon Abdul Gayoom[62] President of the Maldives Hoarafushi  Maldives Mohamed Murshid
2008 11 Feb Jose Ramos-Horta[63] President of Timor-Leste Dili  East Timor Alfredo Reinado
Xanana Gusmão[63] Prime Minister of Timor-Leste
2009 30 Apr Queen Beatrix, Prince Willem-Alexander, and other members of the Dutch Royal Family [64] Queen of the Netherlands Apeldoorn  Netherlands Karst Tates
2011 3 Jun Ali Abdullah Saleh[65] President of Yemen Sana'a  Yemen Unknown
2013 Apr Barack Obama President of the United States Washington D.C.  United States James Everett Dutschke
2018 23 Jun Emmerson Mnangagwa[66] President of Zimbabwe Bulawayo  Zimbabwe Unknown
2018 4 Aug Nicolás Maduro[67] President of Venezuela Caracas  Venezuela Uncertain (claimed by Soldados de Franelas)
2020 29 Feb Juan Guaidó[68][69] Disputed President of Venezuela Barquisimeto  Venezuela Pro-government colectivos
2020 9 Mar Abdalla Hamdok[70] Prime Minister of Sudan Khartoum  Sudan Unknown
2020 2 July Justin Trudeau[71] Prime Minister of Canada Ottawa  Canada Corey Barclay Hurren

Gallery[]

  • Gallery

  • Assassination attempt of the U.S. President Andrew Jackson outside the United States Capitol in Washington, D.C., 30 January 1835

  • Assassination attempt of King of Spain Alfonso XIII in Madrid, 31 May 1906

  • Assassination attempt of Russian Revolutionary Vladimir Lenin in Moscow, Aug 30 1918

  • Wolf's Lair conference room after the failed assassination attempt on Adolf Hitler, 20 July 1944

  • Iranian Shah Mohammad Reza Shah in hospital after the failed assassination attempt by Fada'iyan-e Islam in 1949

  • Assassination attempt of the U.S. President Gerald Ford outside the California State Capitol in Sacramento, 5 September 1975

  • Assassination attempt of the U.S. President Gerald Ford in San Francisco, 22 September 1975

  • Assassination attempt of the U.S. President Ronald Reagan outside the Washington Hilton Hotel, 30 March 1981

  • Brighton Grand Hotel after the bomb attack to attempt to assassinate British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher, 12 October 1984

See also[]

Notes and references[]

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  6. ^ Reill, Peter Hanns; Wilson, Ellen Judy (2004). Encyclopedia of the Enlightenment. New York: Facts on File. p. 138. ISBN 0-8160-5335-9. Retrieved 7 February 2011.
  7. ^ Ayling, Stanley (1972). George the Third. London: Collins; ISBN 0-00-211412-7
  8. ^ Castelot, André (1971) Napoleon. New York: Harper & Row.
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  11. ^ Jump up to: a b Charles, Barrie; Kill the Queen! The Eight Assassination Attempts on Queen Victoria, Amberley Publishing; 2012; ISBN 978-1-4456-0457-2; Note: The Queen was actually only in real danger three of the eight times.
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  30. ^ "U.S. presidential assassinations and attempts". Timelines.latimes.com. Retrieved 23 April 2014.
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  58. ^ Jump up to: a b "Bush Attacked", CNN: May 10, 2005
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  63. ^ Jump up to: a b "Ramos-Horta Wounded, Sydney Morning Herald article; 2 February 2008.
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  68. ^ Singer, Florantonia (2020-03-01). "El ataque a una concentración de Juan Guaidó deja al menos cinco heridos". El País (in Spanish). ISSN 1134-6582. Retrieved 2021-05-19.
  69. ^ "Colectivos chavistas atacaron una concentración convocada por Juan Guaidó en Barquisimeto". infobae (in Spanish). 29 February 2020. Retrieved 2021-05-19.
  70. ^ "Sudan PM Abdalla Hamdok survives assassination attempt". Al-Jazeera. 9 March 2020. Retrieved 23 March 2021.
  71. ^ Humphreys, Adrian (2020-07-06). "Explicit threat against Trudeau and an arsenal of loaded guns make Rideau Hall attack look like assassination attempt". The National Post. Retrieved 2020-08-27.
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