List of locomotives in China

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

A list of current and retired locomotives in the People's Republic of China.

Steam locomotives[]

The first steam locomotive in China is thought to be a 2 ft 6 in (762 mm) gauge 0-4-0T engine used on the Shanghai-Wusong railway. Towards the end of the 19th century concessions obtained from the Qing dynasty enabled foreign powers (Germany, Russia, France and Great Britain) to build railways in China, and they introduced a variety of foreign-built machines. Later Japan gained control over Manchuria as a result of the Treaty of Portsmouth following the Russo-Japanese War and created the South Manchuria Railway from their acquisitions - resulting in Japanese as well as American locomotives being imported into the north-east of China.[1]

After the end of the Second World War China came back under indigenous rule. Locomotive were imported from both the United States and Russia as well as other Communist bloc countries.[1]

Production of steam locomotives continued into the late 20th century. However, steam motive power was supplanted by diesel and electric locomotives as early as the 1950s. The Chinese rail network has been increasingly electrified in the twentieth century.

Standard gauge[]

Model Wheel
arr. 		Build year Builder Number built Original
operator 		Original
class 		Photo Notes
AM1 4-4-0 1907 ALCo 4 South Manchuria Railway SMR Amei class Mantetsu-Ame.jpg
AM2 4-4-0 1879 Baldwin >6 Beijing–Harbin Railway PMR Class 40 PNR-46-cr-am2.jpg
AM3 4-4-0 1929 ALCo 26 Huning Railway Huning Railway Class 400 HuningRy-401.jpg
4-4-0 1908 North British
2-6-4T 1907 ALCo >65 South Manchuria Railway SMR Dabui class DB1-28 (Dampflokomotivmuseum Shenyang).jpg
2-6-4T 1934 Hitachi, Kisha Seizō South Manchuria Railway SMR Dabuni class Mantetsu dabuni462 (1934).png
2-6-4T 1906 Baldwin 4 Jingsui--db3.jpg
2-6-4ST 1892 Dübs & Company Peking−Mukden Railway PMR Class 20 BeiningRy-24.jpg
2-6-4T 1911 Kitson & Company
2-10-0 1919 ALCo (26x), Shahekou (36x) 62 South Manchuria Railway SMR Dekai class
DK2 2-10-0 1915 ALCo, Baldwin 60 Chinese Eastern Railway CER class Еф, Ес, Ел China Railways DK2 114.jpg 44 to CER; 16 supplied from USSR to China after 1949.
2-10-0 1937 Shahekou, Kisha Seizō 7 Longhai Railway Longhai Railway Class 600 Longhai ry 605 (1936).png
2-10-0 1936 Kisha Seizō, Hitachi Tongpu Railway Tongpu Railway Class 350 TongpuRy-357.jpg Originally metre gauge, some converted to standard gauge in 1947.
DK5 2-10-0 1958 UCM Reșița 40 Căile Ferate Române CFR Class 150 Romanian 150 class loco.jpg
0-8-0 1919 ALCo South Manchuria Railway SMR Etoi class
0-8-0 1912 Henschel Xiaoyong Railway Cr-et2.jpg
ET2
(Russian)		 0-8-0 1901 Bryansk, Kharkov 33 Chinese Eastern Ry CER Class Од CER-O716.jpg 33 to CER; at least 13 converted to standard gauge between 1935 and 1945 by the MNR, 13 of these became China Railways ET2 after 1949.
0-8-0 Japan Jiaoji Railway Retired 1955.
0-8-0 1905 Henschel Jiaoji Railway JiaojiRy--et4.jpg Retired 1955.
0-8-0 1936 North British
0-8-0 1936~1938 North British Yuehan Railway Yuehan Railway Class 500
ET7 0-8-0T 1959 Fablok 90 China Railway CR Class ET7 Similar to the Polish TKP T2D Silesia locomotives, for industrial use, not used on the main network
FD 2-10-2 1930s Voroshilovgrad 1054
(to China)		 Soviet Railways SZhD Class FD China Railways FD-1979 steam locomotive.JPG Converted to standard gauge (1958-) from Soviet FD class locomotives
0-6-2T 1900 Borsig >8 Jiaoji Railway Jiaoji Railway Class 10 JiaojiRy--fn.jpg Forney locomotive
0-6-2T 1897 Baldwin >7 Peking-Mukden Railway PMR Class 40 BeiningRy-47.jpg Forney locomotive
GJ 0-6-0T 1958−1961 Chengdu, 122 China Railways CR Class GJ Gongjian 1019.jpg Shunters and industrial locomotives.
4-6-4T Nasmyth Wilson
JF1 2-8-2 1918−1960 ALCo, Kawasaki, Kisha Seizō, Nippon Sharyō, Hitachi, Shahekou, Dalian Machine, Sifang, Qiqihar, Taiyuan 2083 South Manchuria Railway,
Manchukuo National Railway,
North China Transport,
Central China Railway,
China Railways		 SMR Mikai & Mikako class
MNR Mika & Mikana class
NCTC Mikai class
CCR Class KD100
CR Class JF1		 满洲里 火车头广场的蒸汽机车 - panoramio.jpg
JF2 2-8-2 1924−1932 ALCo, Kawasaki, Kisha Seizō, Shahekou 41 South Manchuria Railway SMR Mikani class JF2-2525 (Dampflokomotivmuseum Shenyang).jpg
JF3 2-8-2 1927−1930 Škoda 19 ,
,
 JF3-2558 (Dampflokomotivmuseum Shenyang).jpg
JF4 2-8-2 1935 Kawasaki (11x), Kisha Seizō (4x) 15 South Manchuria Railway SMR Mikashi class Mantetsu-mikashi1661.jpg
JF5 2-8-2 1923−1928 Kawasaki North China Transport NCTC Mikako class Nctc-mikako1572.jpg
JF6 2-8-2 1934−1959 Kawasaki, Hitachi, Shahekou, Kisha Seizō, Nippon Sharyō, Shenyang, Dalian Machine ~475 South Manchuria Railway,
Manchukuo National Railway,
North China Transport,
China Railways		 SMR Mikasa & Mikaro class
MNR Mikaro class
NCTC Mikaro class
CR Class JF6		 JF6-3329 (Dampflokomotivmuseum Shenyang).jpg
JF7 2-8-2 1913−1924 North British/Tangshan 24 Peking−Mukden Railway PMR Class 200 Peipingmukdenry-221.jpg
JF8 2-8-2 1935 Škoda >7 Huainan Railway Class 300 Huainanry307.jpg
JF9 2-8-2 1943−1944 Kisha Seizō, Hitachi, Nippon Sharyō 38 Central China Railway CCR Mikasa class Mikado locomotive 미카 - Flickr - skinnylawyer.jpg
JF10 2-8-2 1935 ALCo, Baldwin, Lima 30 USATC USATC Class S200 Steam locomotive No.46224 Ankara Museum.JPG
JF11 2-8-2 1918–1937 ALCo, Baldwin 70 Jinpu Railway,
 Jinpu Railway Class MK JF11 3787 (20150709134208).JPG
JF12 2-8-2 1922 ALCo 46 Jingsui Railway Class 300
JF13 2-8-2 1939 Škoda North China Transport NCTC Mikaha class Jf13-3851.jpg
JF15 2-8-2 1928−1929 ALCo 6
JF16 2-8-2 1922 Kawasaki, Kisha Seizō 17 ,
Central China Railway		 JJR Class 500
CCR Class D50		 JGR-D50SteamLocomotive.jpg
JF17 2-8-2 1931 Hudswell Clarke, Shahekou >4 Jiaoji Railway Jiaoji Railway Class 600 Jiaojirly604.jpg
JF18 2-8-2 1914 ALCo >14 Manchukuo National Railway MNR Mikai class
JF21 2-8-2 1937 ALCo Yuehan Railway
JS 2-8-2 1957−1965,
1981−1988		 Dalian, Qishuyan, Datong, 1916 China Railways CR Class JS JS-5151 (Xi'ang).jpg
KD1 2-8-0 1907−1908 ALCo 41 South Manchuria Railway,
Manchukuo National Railway		 SMR Sorii class
MNR Sorina class		 Mantetsu sorii-1043 and spreader at fushun 1932.png
2-8-0 1925 Tubize 8 ? NCTC-Sorini-1503.jpg
KD2 2-8-0 1935−1936 SACM ? Longhai Railway LonghaiRy--KD2.jpg
2-8-0 1910 Beyer, Peacock & Company 40 South Manchuria Railwayy SMR Sorisa class
2-8-0 ?
North British		 18
3		 Huning Railway
 Seer Green geograph-2521468-by-Ben-Brooksbank.jpg ROD 2-8-0, 18 bought by Huning Railway in 1919, 3 bought by Shenhai Railway in 1926.
KD5 2-8-0 1913−1941 Kawasaki, Kisha Seizō, JNR Ogura Works 251 North China Transport (150x)
Central China Railway (101x)		 NCTC Soriko class
CCR Soriro class		 Kaohsiung Taiwan Steam-Locomotice-DT-609-01.jpg Standard gauge version of JNR Class 9600.
KD6 2-8-0 1942–1946 ALCo, Baldwin, Lima 40
(to China)		 USATC USATC Class S160 USATC-5740 locomotive.jpg Postwar aid to China from UNRRA.
KD7 2-8-0 1946–1947 ALCo, Baldwin, Lima 160
(to China)		 KD7-641 SL by china.JPG Postwar aid from UNRRA, same as Belgian Type 29.
KD8 2-8-0 1943 22
(to China)		 Kowloon-Canton Railway,
Yuehan Railway		 Stanier 8F 2-8-0 No. 48479.jpg
2-8-0 1919−1941 ALCo (18x), Baldwin (10x), Kawasaki (4x) 32
KD10 2-8-0 1905−1913 ALCo, Baldwin, Pennsylvania Railroad Altoona Works 30
(to China)		 Pennsylvania Railroad PRR Class H6sb Pennsylvania Railroad 2-8-0 locomotive, 2106 (Howden, Boys' Book of Locomotives, 1907).jpg Bought second-hand by South Manchuria Railway and Manchukuo National Railway in 1938.
2-8-0 1907 Baldwin 20 South Manchuria Railway SMR Sorini class
2-8-0 1920 Baldwin 16 Peking−Mukden Railway
2-8-0 France 10
2-8-0 1917 ALCo 17 Jinghan Railway
2-8-0
2-8-0 United States
2-8-0 1906−1907 ALCo
KD23 2-8-0 1906 ALCo 2 Boston & Maine Bought from the factory by Mantetsu.
2-8-0 1916 ALCo Retired 1955.
2-8-0
KF 4-8-4 1935−1936 Vulcan Foundry 24 Yuehan Railway KF7 steam locomotive at Qishuyan.jpg
LD1 4-4-4T 1936 Kawasaki 2 South Manchuria Railway SMR Dabusa class Mantetsu-dabusa500-side.png
2-6-0 1908–1909 North British/Tangshan 10 Jingsui Railway JingsuiRy--MG1.jpg
MG1 2-6-0 1909 Jinpu Railway
MG1 2-6-0 1910 12x Jinpu Railway
2-6-0 1897−1899 Baldwin 12 Peking−Mukden Railway PMR Class 60 BeiningRy-67.jpg
2-6-0 1900–1903 Dübs/North British/Tangshan 33 Peking−Mukden Railway PMR Class 90 BeiningRy-102.jpg Retired 1955.
MG3 2-6-0 1914−1916 North British/Tangshan 22 Peking−Mukden Railway Retired 1955.
2-6-0 1919–1920 North British/Tangshan 4 Peking−Mukden Railway PMR--MG4.jpg Retired 1975.
MG4 2-6-0 1923−1928 North British/Tangshan 7 Peking−Mukden Railway Retired 1975.
2-6-0 1902−1905 Fives-Lille 37 Jinghan Railway JinghanRy--MG5.jpg
2-6-0 1901 Fives-Lille >3 Jinghan Railway Jinghan Railway Class 100 JinghanRy-103.jpg
2-6-0 1910−1911 Hanomag (6x), Humboldt (14x) 20 Jinpu Railway Jinpu Railway Class 30 JinpuRy-31.jpg
2-6-0 1916−1919 Vulcan Iron Works 15 Longhai Railway
2-6-0 1901 Baldwin Jinghan Railway Jinghan Railway Class 90 Retired 1951.
2-6-0 United Kingdom Canton-Kowloon Railway CKR Class A
2-6-0
2-6-0
2-6-0 1900−1903 Rogers 6 Jinghan Railway
2-6-0 1927 Baldwin Xinning Railway XinningRailway01.JPG
2-6-0 1913−1918 ALCo 2 Daoqing Railway
2-6-0 1921 North British/Tangshan 1 Shenhai Railway Shenhai Railway 51
MG33 2-6-0 1927 Baldwin 4 Shenhai Railway Shenhai Railway 52−55 Retired 1955.
MG33 2-6-0 1911 North British/Tangshan 6 Jichang Class 100
0-6-6-0 1908 North British 4 Jingsui Railway Jingsui Railway Class 20
2-4-4-2 1911 Baldwin 4 Jingsui Railway Jingsui Railway Class 70 JingsuiRy-73.jpg
2-8-8-2 1914 ALCo 7 Jingsui Railway Jingsui Railway Class 90 JingsuiRy-93.jpg
2-8-8-2 1921 ALCo 7 Jingsui Railway Jingsui Railway Class 200 JingsuiRy-201.jpg
MT1 4-8-2 1936 Kawasaki, Hitachi 7 South Manchuria Railway SMR Matei class Mantetsu-matei1805 (matei6).png
4-8-2 Baldwin Yuehan Railway
2-6-2 1908 ALCo 35 South Manchuria Railway SMR Purei class
PL2 2-6-2 1935 Nippon Sharyō 20 South Manchuria Railway SMR Pureni class Pureni PL2-248.jpg
PL3 2-6-2T 1928 18 South Manchuria Railway SMR Puresa class CR PL3-51.jpg Same as Sentetsu Purena class.
2-6-2 1919 Baldwin 1 Jinghan Railway
PL4 2-6-2 1913−1922 North British/Tangshan 3 Peking−Mukden Railway
2-6-2 (6x)
2-6-2T (10x)		 1887–1914 Dübs/North British 16 Peking−Mukden Railway
PL5 2-6-2ST North British 2 Jingsui Railway
2-6-2T 1891−1896
1915–1925		 North British
?		 17
12		 Purero1529.jpg
2-6-2 1921 Baldwin Jingsui Railway Retired 1955.
2-6-2 1911 Baldwin Jingsui Railway Retired 1955.
2-6-2 1920−1923 Société Franco-Belge 40 Jinghan Railway JinghanRy--PL9.jpg PL9-146 on display at the China Railway Museum is the only Belgian-made locomotive to survive in China.
PL9 2-6-2 1936 Škoda >2 Jinghan Railway Jinghan Railway Class 20 JinghanRy-22.jpg
PL9 2-6-2 1920−1922 Lima 10
2-6-2 1914 Tubize 5 Longhai Railway Longhai Railway Class 50 LonghaiRy-52.jpg
2-6-2 1909 Baldwin Jingsui Railway Retired 1955.
2-6-2T 1923−1927 North British/Tangshan Peking−Mukden Railway BeiningRy--PL12.jpg Retired 1955.
2-6-2 1914 Baldwin >4 Peking−Mukden Railway PMR Class 150 Retired 1955.
2-6-2T 1891–1896 North British Peking−Mukden Railway Retired 1955.
2-6-2T 1914 Hanomag >3 Jinpu Railway Jinpu Railway Class 200 JinpuRy-203.jpg
2-6-2 1940 Orenstein & Koppel CR-PL21-275.jpg At Harbin in 1950s.
QJ 2-10-2 1956−1988 Dalian, Tangshan, Shenyang, Mudanjiang, Changchun, Datong 4708 China Railways CR Class HP China Railways QJ 6200(2).JPG
2+2+2 1909−1912 Lima 6 Jingsui Railway Jingsui Railway Class 25 MCRR Three Truck Shay Number-9 001.JPG 3-truck (Class C) Shay locomotive.
RM 4-6-2 1958−1966 Sifang 258 China Railways CR Class RM RM-1091 (Changchun).jpg
4-6-2 ALCo 20 Jingsui Railway
SL2 4-6-2 1916, 1921 Shahekou 6 South Manchuria Railway SMR Pashini class
SL3 4-6-2 1934−1940 Hitachi, Kisha Seizō 96 South Manchuria Railway
Manchukuo National Railway
North China Transport		 SMR Pashisa class
MNR Pashishi class
NCTC Pashisa class		 China Railways SL3 in China Railway Museum 02.JPG 88 to China Railways, 8 to Korean State Railway
SL4 4-6-2 1919
1921		 Baldwin
Shahekou		 6
23		 South Manchuria Railway SMR Pashisa & Pashiha class
SMR Pashishi class		 Mantetsu-Pashishi923.jpg
SL5 4-6-2 1927−1928 Shahekou 11 South Manchuria Railway SMR Pashiko class SL5-292 (Dampflokomotivmuseum Shenyang).jpg
SL6 4-6-2 1933−1958 Kawasaki, Kisha Seizō, Hitachi, Shahekou, Nippon Sharyō, Sifang 422 South Manchuria Railway
Manchukuo Nat'l Ry
North China Transport
Central China Railway		 SMR Pashiro class
MNR Pashiku class
NCTC Pashiro class
CCR Class KC100		 SL-629 (Shenyang).jpg
SL7 4-6-2 1934, 1936 Kawasaki, Shahekou 12 South Manchuria Railway SMR Pashina class CNR SL-751.jpg
SL8 4-6-2 1937−1940 Hitachi, Shahekou 17 South Manchuria Railway
Manchukuo National Railway		 SMR/MNR Pashiha class Mantetsu-pashiha811 (pashiha1).png
SL9 4-6-2 1939
(regauged)		 JNR Hamamatsu, Kisha Seizō 16
(to China)		 Central China Railway CCR Class C51 Kachu Railway C51 116 steam locomotive.jpg Japanese class C51 converted to standard gauge in 1939.
4-6-2 1921−1925 Baldwin 10 Peking−Mukden Railway
SL11 4-6-2 1908 ALCo 7 South Manchuria Railway SMR Pashii class South Manchuria Railway LOC 03283.jpg
SL12 4-6-2 1942−1943 Kawasaki 10 Central China Railway CCR Pashishi class Same as Sentetsu Pashishi class
4-6-2 1937 Cockerill 18 Longhai Railway Longhai Railway Class 500 LonghaiRy-501.jpg
4-6-2 1933 North British 8 Jinpu Railway
4-6-2 1921 ALCo 12 Jinpu Railway
4-6-2 1930 North British 4 Jinghu Railway Jinghu Railway Class G50
4-6-2 1929 Shahekou 4 Sitao
4-6-2 1921−1924 ALCo, Kisha Seizō 10 Shantung Railway Shantung Railway Class 400 Shantung ry 409 (1922).png
2-10-2T 1929
1930		 Škoda (6x)
Kawasaki (1x)		 7 Chinese Eastern Railway CER Class Ь 4001−4007 Yer' KVZhD.jpg Converted to standard gauge around 1940.
ST2 2-10-2 1935 Krupp Jinpu Railway Dampflok 45.jpg Similar to DRG Class 45.
2-10-2 1937 Tubize 1 Longhai Railway LonghaiRy--ST3.jpg
SY 2-8-2 1960−1999 Tangshan 1820 China Railways CR Class SY SY1721 at Tangshan Works.jpg Last steam locomotives manufactured in the world.
TH1 4-6-0 1908
1912		 ALCo 17
5		 South Manchuria Railway SMR Tehoi class
SMR Tehoni class		 Mantetsu-F1-612.jpg Image is of 1908 variant.
4-6-0 1910−1911
1901−1905		 Vulcan Stettin 6
17		 Jiaoji Railway Jiaoji Railway Class 70
Jiaoji Railway Class ?		 NCTC-Tehoni1521.jpg
4-6-0 1910–1919 North British/Tangshan 10 Peking−Mukden Railway PMR Class 110 BeiningRy-117.jpg Rebuilt with superheaters in late 1930s; retired 1955.
4-6-0 1913 Schwartzkopff 5 Jiaoji Railway Jiaoji Railway Class 300 JiaojiRy-30x.jpg Retired 1955.
4-6-0 1910−1913 Henschel, Hanomag NCTC-Tehoko-1511.jpg Retired 1975.
4-6-0 1913 Tubize? 10 Jinghan Railway
4-6-0 1904−1907 France 32 Jinghan Railway Jinghan Railway Class 200 JinghanRy-205.jpg
TH7 4-6-0 1909 France 10 Longhai Railway
4-6-0 United States
4-6-0 1910 Hawthorn Leslie 12 Jinpu Railway
TH10 4-6-0 1906 ALCo 4 Chicago Southern RR
4-6-0 1902−1903 Bryansk (40x), Kharkov (45x) 85
(for CER)		 Chinese Eastern Railway CER class Г, Гч CER-G665.jpg Some rebuilt with superheaters (Гч); 24 converted to standard gauge in late 1930s - these became CR TH11.
4-6-0
4-6-0 1931 Kitson & Company Kowloon−Canton Railway Retired 1955.
4-6-0
4-6-0
4-6-0
4-6-0
4-6-0
4-8-0
0-8-0 1960−1961 Changchun, Mudanjiang 48 China Railways CR Class XH
0-8-0 1898 Baldwin
Kolomna		 27
?		 Chinese Eastern Railway CER Class Ьа
CER Class Ьк		 CER-Ь11.jpg
XK2 0-6-0T 1942–1944 Davenport, H.K. Porter, Vulcan (USA) 20
(to China)		 USATC USATC Class S100 SGB 4389 (USATC S100) in Goes.jpg Supplied to as aid.
XK3 0-6-0 1883-1899 Swindon Works 22-26
(to China)		 GWR 2301 Class
0-6-0
0-6-0T 1901 Cockerill Jinghan Railway Jinghan Railway Class 60 Jinghan-61.jpg
0-6-0T ~1880 Belgium Same as Belgian Type 51.
0-6-0
0-6-0
0-6-0T France Zhengtai Railway Class 10 Zhengtai-11.jpg
0-6-0
0-6-0
0-6-0
0-6-0T 1958−1960 Fablok XK13-3858 Fablok TKh49
0-6-0T Germany
YJ 2-6-2 1958−1961 Jinan (120x), Tangshan (80x) 200 China Railways CR Class YJ

Narrow gauge[]

Model Wheel
arr. 		Build year Builder Number built Original
operator 		Original
class 		Photo Notes
0-8-0 1952−1988 Shijiazhuang, Mudanjiang, Harbin, Dunhua China Railways CR Class C2 Инженерный центр РЖД (1).JPG Copy of Russian class Pt-4.
2-10-0 1936 Hitachi Tongpu Ry Tongpu Ry Class 350 TongpuRy-351.jpg 1000 mm. Some converted to standard gauge ()
DK51 2-10-0 1937 Henschel Tongpu Ry Tongpu Ry Class 300 TongpuRy-324.jpg 1000 mm. Retired 1990.
0-6-2T 1906 Fives-Lille 30 Zhengtai Ry Class 100 ZhengtaiRy-109--fn51.jpg 1067 mm. Forney locomotive.
2-8-2ST 1913−1926 France 28 Yunnan Ry
2-8-0 1937−1938
(regauged)		 ALCo 26
(for China)		 North China Transport NCTC SoriA class Japanese class 9050 converted to metre gauge.
2-8-0 1939 SLM Yunnan Ry Yunnan Ry Kunhe--kd52.jpg
KD55 2-8-0 1921 Kawasaki 54 Yunnan Ry KD55-579 in China Railway Museum 02.JPG 1000 mm version of class KD5.
2-6-0 1934−1935 Henschel >2 Tongpu Ry Tongpu Ry Class 110 TongpuRy-112.jpg 1000 mm.
2-6-0 1908 ALCo 1 Tongpu Ry Tongpu Ry Class 100 JGR-2850SL.jpg 1000 mm.
PL51 2-6-2T 1938−1939
(regauged)		 Kawasaki North China Transport NCTC PureA class Old vietnamese steam locomotive.jpg Japanese class C12 converted to metre gauge; some sent to Vietnam in 1956.
2-6-2 1923, 1927 Kawasaki
0-4-0 1959−1965 Chengdu 70 China Railways CR Class RJ 762 mm.
SN 0-10-0 1924-1929 Baldwin 16 Gebishi Railway SN-23 in China Railway Museum 08.JPG 600 mm. Retired 1990.
4-6-0 France Yunnan Ry
(1) 0-6-0 Barclay Tongpu Ry Lck10.jpg
(2) 0-6-0 Vulcan Tongpu Ry
2-6-2 1965−1970 Dalian 67 China Railways CR Class YC Developed for Vietnam Railways

Diesel locomotives[]

Diesel-hydraulic transmission[]

Diesel hydraulic locomotives type descriptions are prefixed either by the roman initials DFH (Diesel fuel, hydraulic) or NY (neiran yeli chuandong 内燃液力传动 also meaning diesel-hydraulic).[2] From the initials of the acronym DFH is derived from their phonetic sound the Chinese name "Dongfang Hong" meaning "Red East", matching the anthem of Communist China: "The East is Red" at the time of their introduction, as well as the well known observation of Chairman Mao Zedong that 'the east is red'. Usually DFH is used for internally produced locomotives and NY for imported or prototype machines.

Chinese made[]

Model Build year Top speed (In maximum)
(km/h) 		Power output
(kW) 		Builder Total production Photo
prototype NY1 "Weixing" 1959 140 1060 Sifang 4 China Railways Weixing.jpg
DFH1 1964–1973 120(140) 1220(1060) Sifang 102 China Railways DFH1 4290.jpg
prototype NY2 "Flying Dragon",
(Simplified Chinese:"飞龙")		 1960 100 1470
(Diesel engine output)		 Dalian 1 China Railways NY2 Feilong.jpg
DFH2 1971 - 1975 62 650 Ziyang 50 China Railways Dongfanghong 2 0008 diesel loco.jpg
DFH3 1971–1989 120 1440 Sifang 268 China Railways Dongfanghong3 locomotive.jpg
DFH4 1969 160 3675 Sifang 1
1971–1974 140 3309 Qishuyan 2
1975–1981 ? 3309 Ziyang 3
DFH5 1976–1988 80 790 Ziyang
Sifang		 480~ China Railways Dongfanghong 5 0001 loco.jpg
DFH5B (3000系) 1973-1988 80 920 Ziyang ~20
DFH5C (4000系) 1973-1988 80 920 Ziyang 6
DFH6 1981 90 1470 Ziyang 1
DFH7 1988–1991 80 790 Ziyang 15
DFH21
(narrow gauge)		 1977–1984 50 810 Sifang 104 Kunming Hekou Railway tracks east of Kunming North Station - P1340831.JPG
Beijing 6001 1970 100 4412
(Diesel engine output)		 1
Beijing 1971–1990 120 2206 361 BJ 3003@CRM (20150709135944).JPG
Beijing
(coupling of double loco)		 1986–1990 120 2×2206 2×6 Shi Du station dsc 4006.jpg

Imported[]

Model Build year Top speed (In maximum)
(km/h) 		Power output
(kW) 		Builder Total production Photo
1967 passenger: 160
freight: 120		 2940 Henschel, West Germany 4 NY5 0003 in China Railway Museum 20180223.jpg
[3] 1972 108 3160 Henschel, West Germany 10 NY6 0007 in China Railway Museum 20180223.jpg
[3] 1972 113 3680 Henschel, West Germany 20 Chinese Diesel locomotive NY7 001.jpg

Diesel-electric transmission[]

Chinese made[]

The Dongfeng (DF) series of diesel electric transmission locomotives is the most important in Chinese rail transport. The Dongfeng4 (DF4) is by far the most common locomotive to be seen on Chinese rails.

Model
(Former name) 		Build year Transmission Top speed (In maximum)
(km/h) 		Power output
(kW) 		Builder
(Family) 		Total production Photo
JianShe
(Simplified Chinese:"建设")		 1958 DC - DC 85 441
(Diesel engine output)		 1 China Railways Jianshe locomotive.jpg
XianXing
(Simplified Chinese:"先行")		 1958–1959 DC - DC 125 1471 Qishuyan 47 China Railways locomotive Xianxing.jpg
JuLong
(Simplified Chinese:"巨龙") 		1958 Dalian 1 China Railways "Julong" locomotive 1959.jpg
DF
(Simplified Chinese:"东风")		 1964–1974 DC - DC 100 1500 Dalian
Qishuyan
Chengdu
Datong		 706 China Railways DF 1301.jpg

(ND2)		 1964–1974 DC - DC 95 650 Qishuyan 148 China Railways DF2.jpg
1972–1974 DC - DC 120 1050 Dalian 226 China Railways DF30058.jpg
DF4 1969–1985 AC - DC 100(freight)
120(passenger)		 1920 Dalian 843 DF40001 locomotives.jpg
DF4B 1985–present AC - DC 100(freight)
120(passenger)		 1985 Dalian
Ziyang
Datong
Sifang		 ≥4500 DF4B-7728 at Huainan Tianji Station.jpg
DF4C 1985-1999 AC - DC 100 2165 Dalian
Ziyang
Datong
Sifang		 838 DF4C 4407@QLQ (20180318085341).jpg
DF4CK 1999 AC - DC 160 2165 Ziyang 2
DF4D(K)
(speedup version)		 1996－1999 AC - DC 145 2425 Dalian 580 DF4D 0156 at Guangnan (20170316121933).jpg
DF4D(H)
(freight version)		 1998－present AC - DC 100 2425 Dalian 206 DF4D 4098@NXH (20151224110736).jpg
DF4D(Z)
(sub-highspeed version)		 1999－2007 AC - DC 170 2425 Dalian 333 China Railways DF4D 3028 20090728.jpg
DF4D(7000 Series)
(Radial bogie freight type)		 2000-2003 AC - DC 100 2425 Dalian
 21 China Railways DF4D 7021 20150412.jpg
DF4DJ
(DF4DAC)		 2000 AC - DC - AC 145 2510 Dalian
Siemens, Germany		 2 DF4DJ0001 20111007.jpg
DF4DF 1999–2004 AC - DC 120 2425 Dalian 31 China Railways DF4DF 4035 20150709 02.jpg
DF4DD
(road-switcher version)		 1999–2004 AC - DC 80 3180 Dalian 230 DF4DD 0089.jpg
DF4E 1995–1997 AC - DC 100 4860
(2×2430)		 Sifang 16 Chinese Locomotive DF4E 0002 in 2001, Nanxiang Station, Shanghai (34564169946).jpg
DF5 1976 - 2006 AC - DC 80 1213 Tangshan
Sifang		 1014 China Railways DF5 1295 20170117.jpg
DF5G 2001 — 2006 AC - DC 100 1213 Sifang 132 China Railways DF5 2025.jpg
DF5B 1976-2006 AC - DC 100 1500 Dalian 36
DF5BG 1976-2006 AC - DC 100 1500 Dalian ? China Railways DF5B(G) 0031 20161224.jpg
DF5C 1994–1998年
1998-2006		 AC - DC 100 1320
2000
(Diesel engine output)		 Sifang ?
DF5D 1999 - 2006 AC - DC 80 1200 Dalian 180 China Railways DF5D 0012 & China Railways DF4B 3896 20161216.jpg
1989 AC - DC 118 2425 Dalian
GE, United States		 4 China Railways DF60003.jpg
1982–1990 AC - DC 100 1470 295 DF7-0173@BJX (20150327084120).JPG
1990 - ? AC - DC 100 1840 215 DF7 3067 20110901.jpg
1991–2001 AC - DC 100 1840/1470 289 DF7C Orange.jpg
1995–1998 AC - DC 100 1500
(Diesel engine output)		 214 DF7D 0066 20111117.jpg
1998 AC - DC 100 2000
(Diesel engine output)		 2 东风7E0002.jpg
2000 AC - DC 100 2650
(Diesel engine output)		 ?
2003–present AC - DC 100 2200
(Diesel engine output)
Sifang
Qishuyan		 347 DF7G-5011 20120401.jpg
2004 AC - DC - AC 100 2200
(Diesel engine output)		 1 DF7J 0001 20111007.jpg
DF8 1984–1990 AC - DC 100 3310 Qishuyan 141 China Railways DF8 0019.jpg
DF8B 1997–present AC - DC 100 3100 Qishuyan
Ziyang		 1013 DF8B 5298 at Fengtai Locomotive Depot (20171226162309).jpg
DF8BJ "West Light"
(Simplified Chinese:"西部之光")		 2002 AC - DC - AC 120 4000 Ziyang 1
DF8CJ "Sunlight"
(Simplified Chinese:"霞光")		 2002 AC - DC - AC 120 3650 Qishuyan 3 东风8CJ0001.jpg
DF8DJ
(DF8B 5672)		 2003 AC - DC - AC 120 3350 Ziyang 1
1991 AC - DC 170 3040 Qishuyan 2
? AC - DC 100 2×1600 Dalian 1
1995 AC - DC 160 2×2130
(Diesel engine output)		 Dalian 1
? AC - DC 120 2×1600 Dalian 1
2003–present AC - DC 100 2200
(Diesel engine output)		 Dalian 262 东风10DD.jpg
1996–1998 AC - DC 160 2×2200
(Diesel engine output)		 Dalian 6 DF10F 2002 20111029.jpg
DF11 1992–2005 AC - DC 170 3040 Qishuyan 460 DF11-0113 20111004.jpg
DF11G 2003－present AC - DC 170 6080
(2×3040)		 Qishuyan 79 DF11G 0029@NXH (20180518095705).jpg
2002 AC - DC 160 6080
(2×3040)		 Qishuyan 6 DF11Z 0002@BJI (20150701163851).JPG
1997–2001 AC - DC 100 1990 Ziyang ? China Railways DF12.jpg

(narrow gauge)		 ? AC - DC 60 1500
(Diesel engine output)		 Sifang 11 Jianshui - LinAn station - P1370125.JPG
1999 AC - DC - AC 80 1320
(Diesel engine output)		 Sifang 3
HXN3
"Harmony"		 2008–present AC - DC - AC 120 4700 EMD, United States
Dalian		 332 HXN3 0243.JPG
2012–present AC - DC - AC 100 3500 EMD, United States
Dalian		 ≥160 HXN3B0001 at Zhengzhoubei, 20180228 124350.jpg
2016–present AC - DC - AC 160 Dalian HXN3K 0001@BCR (20160905095056).jpg
HXN5
"Harmony"		 2008–present AC - DC - AC 120 4660 GE, United States
Qishuyan		 700 HXN50096担当的原油列车停靠牙克石站.JPG
HXN5B
"Harmony"		 2012–present AC - DC - AC 100 3530 Qishuyan ≥160 China Railways HXN5B 0143 20160413.jpg
2016–present AC - DC - AC 160 Qishuyan HXN5K 0001@BCR (20170927152906).jpg
2016–present AC - DC - AC Ziyang HXN6 0001@BCR (20160905101207).jpg
Sources[4][5]

Imported[]

Model Build year Transmission Top speed (In maximum)
（km/h） 		Power output
（kW） 		Builder
(Family) 		Total production Photo
1958;1965 DC - DC 80 440 Hungary Ganz
(Hungarian State Railways Class M44)		 26 China Railways ND1.jpg
ND2 1972–1987 DC - DC 120 1280 Electroputere, Romania Craiova
(CFR 060DA)		 284 China ND2.jpg
1985 DC - DC 100 1540 Electroputere, Romania Craiova 88 China Railways ND3 0001.jpg
1973–1975 AC - DC 100 2150 Alstom, France 50 ND4-48 (Datong).jpg
ND5 1984－1986 AC - DC 118 2550 GE, United States
(GE C36-7)		 422 ND5-0179+0041.jpg
NJ2 2005–2006 AC - DC - AC 120 3800 GE, United States 78 Qinghai-Tibet railway.jpg

Electric locomotives[]

AC-DC transmission[]

Shaoshan (SS) (Chinese: 韶山) series[]

Model Build year Top speed (In maximum)
（km/h） 		Power output
（kW） 		Builder Total production Photo
SS1
(6Y1)		 1958–1988 90 3780 Zhuzhou 826 SS1202 20111117.jpg
1969 100 4620 Zhuzhou 1 China Railways SS2 Electric locomotive.jpg
SS3 1978–1993 100 4320 Zhuzhou
Ziyang
Datong		 677 SS3 0637 20111117.jpg
SS3(4000) 1992–2006 100 4320 Zhuzhou
Ziyang
Datong
 733 SS3 4506 20111117.jpg
SS3B
(coupling of double loco)		 2002–2009 100 2×4320 Zhuzhou
Ziyang
Datong		 333 SS3B 6018 20111117.jpg
2008 100 2×4800 1
SS4 1985–2003 100 2×3200 Zhuzhou 158 SS4 0110.jpg
SS4G 1993–2007 100 2×3200 Zhuzhou
Ziyang
Dalian
Datong		 1347 SS4 7239 20111102.jpg
1995–2006 100 2×3200 Zhuzhou 130 SS4B 0144.jpg
1997 100 2×3200 Zhuzhou 2 SS4C0001，0002机车.jpg
1991 140 3200 Zhuzhou 2 SS5 0001 20111007.jpg
SS6 1990–1992 100 4800 Zhuzhou 53 SS6 0002 in China Railway Museum 20180223.jpg
1992—? 100 4800 Zhuzhou 148 China Railway SS6B.jpg
SS7 1992–2007 100 4800 Datong 113 China Railways SS7 0012 20150606.jpg
SS7B 1997 100 4800 Datong 2 China Railways SS7B 0002 20180526 02.jpg
1998–2006 120 4800 Datong 171 SS7C0142.jpg
1999–2002 170 4800 Datong 59 China Railways SS7D 0011.jpg
2001–2006 170 4800 Datong
Dalian		 146 SS7E 0079 Beijing West Railway Station 20111029.jpg
SS8 1994–2001 170 3600 Zhuzhou 245 SS8-0077 20100614.jpg
SS9 1998–2002 170 4800 Zhuzhou 43 SS9 0027@BJI (20150527104719).JPG
SS9G 2002–2006 170 4800 Zhuzhou 171 SS9G 0119 20120401.jpg

Imported[]

Model Build year Top speed (In maximum)
（km/h） 		Power output
（kW） 		Builder
(Family) 		Total production Photo
1958–1961 101 4740 Alstom, France
（SNCF Class CC 7100）		 25 China Railways 6Y2.jpg
1971 120 5100 Romania
（CFR Class 40）		 2
1973 112 5400 Alstom, France 40
6K 1986–1987 100 5100 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Japan
（JNR Class EF66、JNR Class ED75）		 85 6K-052 Srbd.jpg
8G 1987–1990 100 2×3200 Novocherkassk Electric Locomotive Plant, USSR
（ВЛ80）		 100 8G-002 in China Railway Museum 20180223.jpg
8K 1987 100 2×3200 50 Hz-Group: Alsthom, Siemens, BBC and others 150 8K 062 20111102.jpg

AC-DC-AC transmission[]

Both post 2000 introductions of asynchronous AC motor driven locomotives and high speed trains based on technology transfer arrangements with other countries have been given the common name "Harmony" series. Ministry of Railways deputy chief engineer Zhang Shuguang explained that the name was to represent energy efficiency and good environmental credentials as well as indicating smooth running of complicated systems.[6] Vehicles of the 'Harmony' series have an "H" in their type descriptions.

Model Build year Top speed
(In maximum)
(km/h) 		Power output
(kW) 		Builder
(Family) 		Total production Photo
1996 120 4000 Zhuzhou 1 AC4000.jpg

(Simplified Chinese:"九方")		 2000 200 4800 Zhuzhou 2
DJ1 2000–2001 120 6400 Siemens
Zhuzhou		 20 DJ1-0003.jpg

(Simplified Chinese:"奥星")		 2001 200 4800 Zhuzhou 3 [7]
or "Sky Shuttle"
(Simplified Chinese:"天梭")		 2003 200 4800 Datong 1 [8]
HXD1
(DJ4)		 2006–2010 120 9600 (2×4800) Siemens
Zhuzhou		 220 HXD10151 20180210.jpg
HXD1.1[9] 2006–present 120 9600 (2×4800) Zhuzhou ≥600 巡道工出品 Photo by Xundaogong Cycling G210 road in Suide Town - panoramio (10).jpg
HXD1.6[9] 2006–present 120 9600 (2×4800) Ziyang ≥80 [10]
HXD1.7[11] 2006–2012 120 9600 (2x4800) Zhuzhou 190
HXD1.7 "Shenhua"[11] 2006–2012 120 9600 (2×4800) / 14400 (3×4800) Zhuzhou 8/2 HXD1型7004号神八电力机车.jpg[12]
HXD1.7 "Shen 24" 2020 120 28800 (6x4800) Zhuzhou 20 [13]
2009–2011 120 9600 Siemens, Germany
Zhuzhou		 650 HXD1B-0233 at Zhengzhoubei 20180228 110025.jpg
HXD1C 2009–present 120 7200 Siemens, Germany
Zhuzhou
Ziyang		 1207 China Railways HXD1C 0282.jpg
HXD1D 2012–present 160 7200 Zhuzhou ≥600 HXD1D 0504@BJX (20170225091435).jpg
2014 100 9600 (2×4800) Zhuzhou 2 [14]
2015–present 210 11200 Zhuzhou 2 HXD1G 0002@BCR (20160106153224).jpg
HXD2
(DJ4-6000)		 2006–2008 120 10000 (2×5000) Alstom, France
Datong		 180 HXD20045 Qinhuangdao Railway Station 20090810.jpg
HXD2.1[15] 2012–present 120 10000 (2×5000) Bombardier
Datong		 ≥280 HXD2-1076.jpg
HXD2.6[15] 2014–present 120 10000 (2×5000) Dalian 40 [16]
HXD2.7[15] 2012–present 120 10000 (2×5000) Bombardier
Datong		 50 [17]
HXD2B 2009–2011 120 9600 Alstom
Datong		 500 HXD2B-0117.jpg[18]
HXD2C 2010–2011 120 7200 Datong ≥220[19][20][21] HXD2C0218.JPG
2013–present 160 7200 Datong 1 [22]
2014 100 9600 (2×4800) Datong 2 [23]
2015–present 200 12800 (2×6400) Datong 1
HXD3
(SSJ3, DJ3, SL1)		 2003–2010 120 7200 Toshiba
Dalian
Datong
Beijing Feb. 7th		 1080 China Railways HXD3 0472.jpg
2014 120 9600 (2×4800) Bombardier
Dalian		 2 [24]
HXD3B 2009–2011 120 9600 Bombardier
Dalian		 500

HXD3B0080 20120429.jpg

HXD3C 2010–present 120 7200 Bombardier
Dalian		 ≥1300 HXD3C0059 20111017.jpg
HXD3D 2012–present 160 7200 Dalian ≥600[25] HXD3D 0497@BJX (20160205172645).jpg
2015–present 210 12800 (2×6400) Dalian 1 HXD3G 0001@BCR (20170328162856).jpg

References[]

  1. ^ Jump up to: a b Duncan Cotterill. "Railography : A Brief History of Standard Gauge Steam in China". www.railography.co.uk.
  2. ^ Chinese diesel locomotives Archived 2009-10-03 at the Wayback Machine, sections "prefixes", http://www.railwaysofchina.com Archived 2009-03-03 at the Wayback Machine
  3. ^ Jump up to: a b "CLASSES NY6 AND NY7 HENSCHEL DIESEL-HYDRAULICS OF 4,600 AND 5,600 HP FOR FREIGHT SERVICES IN PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA - TRB Publications Index". pubsindex.trb.org. Retrieved 2015-09-06.
  4. ^ Robin J Gibbons. "Chinese diesel locomotives". www.railwaysofchina.com. Archived from the original on 2009-10-03.
  5. ^ 东风、东风2、东风3型内燃机车 [DF, DF2, and DF3 diesel locomotives]. www.kepu.net.cn (in Chinese). 铁道馆_中国科普博览, 中国科学院计算机网络信息中心.
  6. ^ 第六次大提速货车技术提升 速度可达120多公里, 2007, http://www.china.com.cn
  7. ^ "Image: 20080606021606312.jpg, (600 × 331 px)". csrgc.com.cn. Archived from the original on 2015-09-23. Retrieved 2015-09-06.
  8. ^ "Image: 9982_tiansuo.gif, (551 × 339 px)". dtloco.com. Retrieved 2015-09-06.
  9. ^ Jump up to: a b zh:和谐1型电力机车
  10. ^ "Image: 20130111_97a35de2e32db1c76de2p1lBovkSAwE7.jpg, (405 × 605 px)". n2.hk. Retrieved 2015-09-06.
  11. ^ Jump up to: a b 神华新型八轴大功率交流电力机车上线试运行. 国务院国资委. 2013-01-17 [2013-01-15].
  12. ^ "Image: 5148da4ejw1dzrwd6epf2j.jpg, (707 × 287 px)". ww2.sinaimg.cn. Retrieved 2015-09-06.
  13. ^ 2020-08-04T08:16:00. "28·8 MW freight locomotive unveiled". Railway Gazette International. Retrieved 2021-03-28.
  14. ^ "Image: a3913417jw1eixy3edo6rj20nq0hstbj.jpg, (440 × 329 px)". ww4.sinaimg.cn. Retrieved 2015-09-06.
  15. ^ Jump up to: a b c zh:和谐2型电力机车
  16. ^ "Image: 161816dznbg519j1jjugju.jpg.thumb.jpg, (338 × 600 px)". file-rail-bbs.railcn.net. Retrieved 2015-09-06.
  17. ^ "Image: 635322054385165000.jpg, (1000 × 747 px)". chinacnr.com. Retrieved 2015-09-06.
  18. ^ "Image:20118181313656542109_9.jpg, (3636 × 2028 px)". dt.chinacnr.com. Retrieved 2015-09-06.
  19. ^ zh:HXD2C型电力机车
  20. ^ 大同7200千瓦电力机车项目. 江苏常牵庞巴迪牵引系统有限公司. [2012-09-15].
  21. ^ 中国北车大连所公司HXD2C电力机车NECT牵引及网络控制系统通过技术评审. 中国北车大连所公司.2011-03-23 [2012-09-15].
  22. ^ "Image: 1516199twfxkwwoukwy15z.jpg, (1024 × 684 px)". file-fans-bbs.railcn.net. 2013-09-14. Retrieved 2015-09-06.
  23. ^ "Image: 635533848823218750.jpg, (554 × 369 px)". en.chinacnr.com. Retrieved 2015-09-06.
  24. ^ "Image: 1732025nn5pyc10d5v5vi0.jpg, (861 × 646 px)". file-fans-bbs.railcn.net. Retrieved 2015-09-06.
  25. ^ zh:和谐3D型电力机车

External links[]

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