List of major perpetrators of the Holocaust
This is a list of major perpetrators of the Holocaust.
Name | Photograph | Date of birth | Date of death | Age at death | Role | Fate |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Adolf Hitler | ![]() |
April 20, 1889 | April 30, 1945 | 56 years, 10 days | Leader of the Nazi Party during the Third Reich | Committed suicide by gunshot[1][2] |
Heinrich Himmler | ![]() |
October 7, 1900 | May 23, 1945 | 44 years, 228 days | Reichsführer-SS Chief of German Police |
Arrested; committed suicide by biting down on a cyanide capsule |
Reinhard Heydrich | ![]() |
March 7, 1904 | June 4, 1942 | 38 years, 89 days | Chief of the Reich Security Main Office (RSHA) Deputy Reich-Protector of Bohemia and Moravia (acting Protector) |
Sepsis after the Assassination attempt in Operation Anthropoid |
Adolf Eichmann | ![]() |
March 19, 1906 | June 1, 1962 | 56 years, 74 days | Head of the Gestapo Office of Jewish Affairs (RSHA Sub-Department IV-B4). Charged by Reinhard Heydrich with facilitating and managing the mass deportations of Jews to ghettos and extermination camps in Eastern Europe. | Evaded arrest and escaped to Argentina in 1950. Discovered and kidnapped by Israeli agents in May 1960; subsequently brought to Israel, tried and executed by hanging in June 1962. |
Hermann Göring | ![]() |
January 12, 1893 | October 15, 1946 | 53 years, 276 days | Commander-in-Chief of the Luftwaffe President of the Reichstag Reichsminister of Aviation |
Sentenced to death by hanging; committed suicide by cyanide poisoning |
Heinrich Müller | ![]() |
April 28, 1900 | Unknown | Unknown | SS-Gruppenführer und Generalleutnant der Polizei, Chief of the Gestapo 1939–45 | Disappeared; possibly killed in Berlin in May 1945 (unconfirmed) |
Odilo Globocnik | ![]() |
April 21, 1904 | May 31, 1945 | 41 years, 40 days | SS and Police Leader in the General Government Head of Operation Reinhard |
Committed suicide by cyanide poisoning |
Theodor Eicke | ![]() |
October 17, 1892 | February 26, 1943 | 50 years, 132 days | A major figure in the creation of the Nazi concentration camps First commander of SS Division Totenkopf, which became notorious for its war crimes. |
Killed in action |
Richard Glücks | ![]() |
April 22, 1889 | May 10, 1945 | 56 years, 18 days | Head of Concentration Camp Operations (Amt D: Konzentrationslagerwesen) in the SS Main Economic and Administrative Department (SS-Wirtschafts-Verwaltungshauptamt) | Committed suicide by cyanide poisoning |
Ernst Kaltenbrunner | ![]() |
October 4, 1903 | October 16, 1946 | 43 years, 12 days | Chief of the Reich Security Main Office after Heydrich was assassinated | Executed by hanging |
Hans Frank | ![]() |
May 23, 1900 | October 16, 1946 | 46 years, 146 days | Governor-General of the General Government | Executed by hanging |
Arthur Seyss-Inquart | ![]() |
July 22, 1892 | October 16, 1946 | 54 years, 86 days | Ruler of the Netherlands after its conquest, and effectively deputy to Hans Frank in occupied Poland | Executed by hanging |
Kurt Daluege | ![]() |
September 15, 1897 | October 24, 1946 | 49 years, 39 days | Chief of the Ordnungspolizei Deputy Reich-Protector of Bohemia and Moravia (acting Protector) |
Executed by hanging |
Oswald Pohl | June 30, 1892 | June 8, 1951 | 58 years, 343 days | Chief of the SS-Wirtschafts-Verwaltungshauptamt (SS Main Economic and Administrative Department), the central SS financial office responsible for overall administration of the concentration camps. | Executed by hanging | |
Alois Brunner | April 8, 1912 | December 2001[3] or December 2010[4] | 89 or 98 | Deputy to Adolf Eichmann; organised the deportations of at least 140,000 Jews from France, Greece, Slovakia and Austria. Commandant of the Drancy internment camp | Escaped to Egypt around 1954, then fled to Syria. Served as a consultant to the al-Assad regime on torture techniques; died in Syria of natural causes in December 2001. | |
Theodor Dannecker | ![]() |
March 27, 1913 | December 10, 1945 | 32 years, 258 days | Deputy to Adolf Eichmann; Head of the SD Hauptamt – Judenreferat (SD Head Office – Jewish Affairs Department) for Paris: September 1940 – July 1942 In charge of the Final Solution in Bulgaria, the Balkans and Hungary (from 1943) |
Arrested by the U.S. military; committed suicide |
Martin Bormann | ![]() |
June 17, 1900 | May 2, 1945 | 44 years, 319 days | Head of the Nazi Party Chancellery
Private Secretary to Adolf Hitler |
Sentenced to death by hanging in absentia; believed to have committed suicide to avoid capture in Berlin; the buried body was not found until 1972; the remains were conclusively identified in 1998.[5][6] |
Wilhelm Keitel | ![]() |
September 22, 1882 | October 16, 1946 | 64 years, 24 days | Minister of War and chief of the Supreme Command of the Armed Forces | Executed by hanging. See War crimes of the Wehrmacht. |
Hermann Höfle | June 19, 1911 | August 20, 1962 | 51 years, 62 days | Coordinator of Operation Reinhard | Arrested; committed suicide by hanging | |
Ante Pavelić | ![]() |
July 14, 1889 | December 28, 1959 | 70 years, 167 days | Leader of the Independent State of Croatia | Escaped to Argentina in 1948 via the ratlines. Died from wounds sustained from an assassination attempt |
Erwin Lambert | ![]() |
December 7, 1909 | October 15, 1976 | 66 years, 313 days | Head of gas chamber construction during Operation Reinhard | Arrested but acquitted |
Christian Wirth | ![]() |
November 24, 1885 | May 26, 1944 | 58 years, 184 days | Inspector of Action T4 and Operation Reinhard;
Commandant of Bełżec, March 17, 1942 – end of August 1942 |
Assassinated |
Rudolf Höss | ![]() |
November 25, 1900 | April 16, 1947 | 46 years, 142 days | Commandant of Auschwitz, May 4, 1940 – December 1, 1943, May 8, 1944 – January 18, 1945 | Executed by hanging |
Arthur Liebehenschel | ![]() |
November 25, 1901 | January 28, 1948 | 46 years, 64 days | Commandant of Auschwitz, December 1, 1943 – May 8, 1944 ;
Commandant of Majdanek, May 19, 1944 – July 22, 1944 |
Executed by hanging |
Martin Weiss | ![]() |
June 3, 1905 | May 29, 1946 | 40 years, 360 days | Commandant of Dachau, January 3, 1942 – September 30, 1943 Commandant of Dachau, April 26, 1945 – April 28, 1945 |
Executed by hanging |
Irmfried Eberl | ![]() |
September 8, 1910 | February 16, 1948 | 37 years, 161 days | Commandant of Treblinka, July 11, 1942 – August 26, 1942 | Arrested; committed suicide by hanging |
Hans Bothmann | ![]() |
November 11, 1911 | April 4, 1946 | 34 years, 144 days | Commandant of Chelmno, April 1942 – July 1944 | Arrested by the British Army; committed suicide by hanging |
Herbert Lange | September 29, 1909 | April 20, 1945 | 35 years, 203 days | Commandant of Chelmno, December 1941 – March 1942 | Killed in action during the Battle of Berlin | |
Franz Stangl |
|
March 26, 1908 | June 28, 1971 | 63 years, 94 days | Commandant of Sobibor, April 28, 1942 – August 30, 1942 ;
Commandant of Treblinka, September 1, 1942 – August 1943 |
Arrested on February 28, 1967; sentenced to life imprisonment on October 22, 1970; died in prison |
Kurt Franz | ![]() |
January 17, 1914 | July 4, 1998 | 84 years, 168 days | Commandant of Treblinka, August 1943 – October 19, 1943 | Arrested on December 2, 1959; sentenced to life imprisonment in 1965; released on health grounds in 1993 |
Franz Reichleitner | ![]() |
December 2, 1906 | January 3, 1944 | 37 years, 32 days | Commandant of Sobibor, September 1, 1942 – October 17, 1943 | Assassinated |
Gottlieb Hering | ![]() |
June 2, 1887 | October 9, 1945 | 58 years, 129 days | Commandant of Bełżec, end of August 1942 – June 1943 | Died of mysterious health complications |
Amon Goeth | ![]() |
December 11, 1908 | September 13, 1946 | 37 years, 276 days | Commandant of Kraków-Płaszów | Executed by hanging |
Siegfried Seidl | ![]() |
August 24, 1911 | February 4, 1947 | 35 years, 164 days | Commandant of the Theresienstadt concentration camp November 1941-July 1943 | Executed by hanging |
Max Koegel | October 16, 1895 | June 27, 1946 | 50 years, 254 days | Commandant of Ravensbrück, January 1940-August 1942 ; Commandant of Majdanek August 1942-November 1942 ; |
Committed suicide by hanging | |
Franz Ziereis | August 13, 1905 | May 25, 1945 | 39 years, 285 days | Commandant of Mauthausen, February 1939-May 1945 |
Shot by American soldiers while trying to escape, died of wounds | |
Hanns Rauter | ![]() |
February 4, 1895 | March 24, 1949 | 54 years, 48 days | Higher SS and Police Leader (HSSPF) for the Netherlands | Executed by firing squad |
Walter Rauff | ![]() |
June 19, 1906 | May 14, 1984 | 77 years, 330 days | Close aide of Reinhard Heydrich. Group Leader II D of the RSHA (technical matters). Designed gas vans to poison Jews, and persons with disabilities. Einsatzkommando leader in North Africa (1942–43), SS and Gestapo commander in northwest Italy (1943–45). | Arrested in Italy in 1945; escaped in 1946, fled to Syria in 1948, to Ecuador in 1949, to Chile in 1958. Extradition request by Germany thrown out by Chile in 1963 on the grounds of expired statute of limitations. Most wanted Nazi fugitive in the 1970s and 1980s. Died of natural causes in Chile in 1984. |
Eduard Wirths | ![]() |
September 4, 1909 | September 20, 1945 | 36 years, 16 days | Human medical experimentation, and formal responsibility of medical staff at Auschwitz | Arrested; committed suicide by hanging |
Josef Mengele | ![]() |
March 16, 1911 | February 7, 1979 | 67 years, 328 days | Human medical experimentation, particularly children, and selection of prisoners to be gassed at Auschwitz | Escaped to Brazil; evaded arrest and drowned in 1979 |
Hans Delmotte | December 17, 1917 | 1945 | Unknown | Human medical experimentation at Auschwitz, and selection of prisoners to be gassed at Auschwitz | Taken into American custody in January 1945; committed suicide by gunshot | |
Friedrich Entress | December 8, 1914 | May 26, 1947 | 32 years, 169 days | Human medical experimentation at Auschwitz, and later at Mauthausen-Gusen | Executed by hanging | |
Helmut Vetter | March 21, 1910 | February 2, 1949 | 38 years, 318 days | Human medical experimentation at Auschwitz, and selection of prisoners to be gassed at Auschwitz | Executed by hanging | |
Georg Norin | 1967 | Human medical experimentation at Auschwitz, and selection of prisoners to be gassed at Auschwitz | ||||
Hans König | May 13, 1912 | Human medical experimentation at Auschwitz and later at Neuengamme , and selection of prisoners to be gassed at Auschwitz | Allowed to resume his medical career after the war ended; nearly caught but successfully evaded arrest in 1962 and left the country; current whereabounts unknown | |||
Johann Kremer | ![]() |
December 26, 1883 | January 8, 1965 | 81 years, 13 days | Human medical experimentation at Auschwitz | Sentenced to death, later commuted to life imprisonment; released in 1958 |
Josef Klehr | October 17, 1904 | August 23, 1988 | 83 years, 311 days | Human medical experimentation at Auschwitz | Sentenced to life imprisonment; died 1988 | |
Horst Schumann | May 1, 1906 | May 5, 1983 | 77 years, 4 days | Human medical experimentation at Auschwitz | Arrested in 1966; released on health grounds on July 29, 1972 | |
Carl Clauberg | ![]() |
September 28, 1898 | August 9, 1957 | 58 years, 315 days | Human medical experimentation at Auschwitz | Sentenced to 25 years imprisonment in 1948; released in 1955; re-arrested in West Germany, but died of a heart attack before being tried |
Viktor Brack | ![]() |
November 9, 1904 | June 2, 1948 | 43 years, 206 days | Action T4;
Human medical experimentation |
Executed by hanging |
Karl Gebhardt | ![]() |
November 23, 1897 | June 2, 1948 | 50 years, 192 days | Oversaw human medical experimentation of concentration camp inmates. | Executed by hanging |
Fritz Klein | ![]() |
November 24, 1888 | December 13, 1945 | 57 years, 19 days | Selection of prisoners to be gassed at Auschwitz | Executed by hanging |
August Bogusch | ![]() |
August 5, 1890 | January 28, 1948 | 57 years, 176 days | Selection of prisoners to be gassed at Auschwitz | Executed by hanging |
Therese Brandl | ![]() |
February 1, 1902 | January 28, 1948 | 45 years, 361 days | Selection of prisoners to be gassed at Auschwitz | Executed by hanging |
Karl Brandt | ![]() |
January 8, 1904 | June 2, 1948 | 44 years, 146 days | Co-director of Action T4 Conducted human medical experimentation |
Executed by hanging |
Fritz Katzmann | May 6, 1906 | September 19, 1957 | 51 years, 136 days | Higher SS and Police Leader of Lwów Responsible for the establishment of the Lwów Ghetto, which had a population of 120,000 Polish Jews, only 823 surviving after the war In charge of the establishment of the Radom Ghetto which hosted about 33,000 Polish Jews, the majority of whom died Higher SS and Police Leader of the District of Galicia |
Evaded arrest after the war and died in 1957 | |
Philipp Bouhler | ![]() |
September 11, 1899 | May 19, 1945 | 45 years, 250 days | Director of Action T4 | Arrested; committed suicide by cyanide poisoning |
Josef Kramer | ![]() |
November 10, 1906 | December 13, 1945 | 39 years, 33 days | Commandant of Auschwitz (1944)
Commandant of Bergen-Belsen (1944–1945) |
Executed by hanging |
Wilhelm Harster | July 21, 1904 | December 25, 1991 | 87 years, 157 days | Commander of the Security Police (SiPo) and SD (Kraków, 1939–40; Netherlands, 1940–43; Italy, 1943–45). Responsible for the deaths of at least 104,000 Jews. | Arrested in 1945 and transferred to Dutch custody. Tried and sentenced to 12 years imprisonment in 1949; served six years; deported to West Germany in 1955. Arrested and tried in 1967. Sentenced to 15 years imprisonment, but sentence commuted and released in 1969. | |
Karl Frenzel | August 28, 1911 | September 2, 1996 | 85 years, 5 days | Commandant of Camp I (forced labor camp) at Sobibor | Arrested on March 22, 1962; sentenced to life imprisonment on December 20, 1966; released on health grounds in 1982 | |
Erich Bauer | March 26, 1900 | February 4, 1980 | 79 years, 315 days | Gas chamber executioner of Sobibor | Sentenced to death by hanging; commuted to life imprisonment; died in prison | |
Gustav Laabs | December 20, 1902 | March 12, 1980 | 77 years, 83 days | Gas chamber executioner at the Chełmno extermination camp | Sentenced to 15 years imprisonment (later reduced to 13 years); died in 1980 | |
Josef Kollmer | ![]() |
February 26, 1901 | January 28, 1948 | 46 years, 336 days | Gas chamber executioner at Auschwitz | Executed by hanging |
Kurt Bolender | ![]() |
May 21, 1912 | October 10, 1966 | 54 years, 142 days | Gas chamber executioner of Sobibor | Arrested in May 1961; committed suicide by hanging |
Hans Koch | ![]() |
August 13, 1912 | July 14, 1955 | 42 years, 335 days | Gas chamber executioner at Auschwitz | Sentenced to life imprisonment ; died in 1955 |
Jürgen Stroop | ![]() |
September 26, 1895 | March 6, 1952 | 56 years, 162 days | Suppression and destruction of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising | Executed by hanging |
Ferdinand von Sammern-Frankenegg | ![]() |
March 17, 1897 | September 20, 1944 | 47 years, 187 days | SS and Police Leader of the Warsaw area from 1941–43 Responsible for the Grossaktion Warsaw, the single most deadly operation against the Jews in the course of the Holocaust in occupied Poland, which entailed sending between 254,000 and 265,000 men, women and children aboard overcrowded Holocaust trains to Treblinka Leading figure in the destruction of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising |
Assassinated |
Friedrich-Wilhelm Krüger | February 27, 1894 | May 9, 1945 | 51 years, 71 days | SS and Police Leader in occupied Poland | Committed suicide | |
Bruno Streckenbach | February 7, 1902 | October 28, 1977 | 75 years, 263 days | Trained the Einsatzgruppen; commander of Einsatzgruppe I in Poland | Sentenced to 25 years imprisonment in 1952; released on October 10, 1955 | |
Hans-Adolf Prützmann | ![]() |
August 31, 1901 | May 21, 1945 | 43 years, 263 days | Higher SS and Police Leader of Russia North and Ukraine Oversaw the activities of the Einsatzgruppen detachments that perpetrated the Holocaust in the Baltic States |
Committed suicide while in Allied custody |
Friedrich Jeckeln | ![]() |
February 2, 1895 | February 3, 1946 | 51 years, 1 day | Higher SS and Police Leader in the occupied Soviet Union Responsible for Rumbula, Babi Yar and Kamianets-Podilskyi massacres |
Executed by hanging |
Franz Walther Stahlecker | ![]() |
October 10, 1900 | March 23, 1942 | 41 years, 164 days | Commander of Einsatzgruppe A, Baltic states, June 22, 1941–March 23, 1942 (1/5) | Killed in action |
Heinz Jost | ![]() |
July 9, 1904 | November 12, 1964 | 60 years, 126 days | Commander of Einsatzgruppe A, Baltic states, March 29, 1942–September 2, 1942 (2/5) | Sentenced to life imprisonment in 1945; commuted to 10 years; released in 1951 |
Humbert Achamer-Pifrader | November 21, 1900 | April 25, 1945 | 44 years, 155 days | Commander of Einsatzgruppe A, Baltic states, September 10, 1942–September 4, 1943 (3/5) | Killed in air raid | |
Friedrich Panzinger | February 1, 1903 | August 8, 1959 | 56 years, 188 days | Commander of Einsatzgruppe A, Baltic states, September 5, 1943–May 6, 1944 (4/5) Last chief of the Kripo (2/2) |
Arrested; committed suicide | |
Wilhelm Fuchs | September 1, 1898 | January 24, 1947 | 48 years, 145 days | Commander of Einsatzgruppe A, Baltic states, May 6, 1944–October 10, 1944 (5/5);
Commander of Einsatzkommando 3, September 15, 1943–May 27, 1944 |
Executed | |
Eduard Strauch | ![]() |
August 17, 1906 | September 15, 1955 | 49 years, 29 days | Commander of Einsatzkommando 2, Latvia (Rumbula), November 4, 1941–December 2, 1941;
Commander of Sonderkommando 1b, March 1942–August 1942 |
Sentenced to death by hanging in 1948; died in prison |
Rudolf Lange | April 18, 1910 | February 23, 1945 | 34 years, 311 days | Commander of Einsatzkommando 2, Latvia, December 3, 1941–1944 | Believed to have been killed in action | |
Karl Jäger | ![]() |
September 20, 1888 | June 22, 1959 | 70 years, 275 days | Commander of Einsatzkommando 3, Lithuania, June 1941–August 1, 1943 | Discovered and arrested in 1959; committed suicide |
Hermann Schaper | August 12, 1911 | deceased after 2002 | over 90 years | Commander of Einsatzgruppe B, Poland | Arrested in 1964; released due to insufficient evidence | |
Arthur Nebe | ![]() |
November 13, 1894 | March 21, 1945 | 50 years, 128 days | Commander of Einsatzgruppe B, Belarus, June 1941–November 1941 (1/5) Chief of the Kripo (1/2) President of Interpol |
Executed by Nazi Germany for involvement in the failed 20 July 1944 attempt to kill Adolf Hitler |
Erich Naumann | April 29, 1905 | June 8, 1951 | 46 years, 40 days | Commander of Einsatzgruppe B, Belarus, November 1941–March 1943 (2/5) | Executed by hanging | |
Horst Böhme | ![]() |
August 24, 1909 | April 10, 1945 | 35 years, 229 days | Lidice Commander of Einsatzgruppe B, Belarus, March 12, 1943–August 28, 1943, August 12, 1944 (3/5); Commander of Einsatzgruppe C, north and central Ukraine, September 6, 1943–March 1944 (3/3) |
Presumed killed in action in Königsberg, East Prussia; officially declared dead in 1954 |
Erich Ehrlinger | October 14, 1910 | July 31, 2004 | 93 years, 291 days | Commander of Einsatzgruppe B, Belarus, August 28, 1943–April 1944 (4/5);
Commander of Sonderkommando 1b, June 1941–November 1941 |
Arrested in December 1958; sentenced to 12 years imprisonment | |
Heinrich Seetzen | June 22, 1906 | September 28, 1945 | 39 years, 98 days | Commander of Einsatzgruppe B, Belarus, April 28, 1944–August 1944 (5/5);
Commander of Einsatzkommando 10a, Moldova, south Ukraine, the Crimea, and north Caucasus, June 1941–July 1942 |
Arrested in September 1945; committed suicide by cyanide poisoning. | |
Otto Bradfisch | May 10, 1903 | June 22, 1994 | 91 years, 43 days | Commander of Einsatzkommando 8, Belarus, June 1941–April 1, 1942 | Arrested on April 21, 1958; sentenced to 13 years imprisonment in 1963 | |
Otto Rasch | ![]() |
December 7, 1891 | November 1, 1948 | 56 years, 330 days | Commander of Einsatzgruppe C, north and central Ukraine, June 1941–October 1941 (1/3) | Arrested; removed from trial on health grounds; died in prison |
Otto Ohlendorf | February 4, 1907 | June 8, 1951 | 44 years, 124 days | Commander of Einsatzgruppe D, Moldova, south Ukraine, the Crimea, and north Caucasus, June 1941–July 1942 (1/2) | Executed by hanging | |
Walther Bierkamp | December 17, 1901 | May 15, 1945 | 43 years, 149 days | Commander of Einsatzgruppe D, Moldova, south Ukraine, the Crimea, and north Caucasus, July 1942–March 1943 (2/2) | Committed suicide | |
Werner Braune | ![]() |
April 11, 1909 | June 8, 1951 | 42 years, 58 days | Commander of Einsatzkommando 11b, south Ukraine and the Crimea, October 1941–September 1942 | Executed by hanging |
Rudolf Batz | November 10, 1903 | February 8, 1961 | 57 years, 90 days | Commander of Einsatzkommando 2 Oversaw Einsatzgruppen killings in the Baltic States |
Arrested in 1961; committed suicide while awaiting trial | |
Joachim Hamann[7] | May 18, 1913 | July 13, 1945 | 32 years, 56 days | Commander of Rollkommando Hamann, a small mobile unit established by him that murdered an estimated 60,000 Latvian Jews in massacres across occupied territory | Committed suicide after the war | |
Maria Mandel | ![]() |
January 10, 1912 | January 24, 1948 | 36 years, 14 days | Commandant of female camp at Auschwitz | Executed by hanging |
Fritz Hartjenstein | July 3, 1905 | October 20, 1954 | 49 years, 109 days | Commandant of Birkenau | Died awaiting execution | |
Johann Schwarzhuber | ![]() |
August 29, 1904 | May 3, 1947 | 42 years, 247 days | Commandant of men's camp at Auschwitz, and selection of prisoners to be gassed at Auschwitz
Commandant of Birkenau |
Executed by hanging |
Irma Grese | ![]() |
October 7, 1923 | December 13, 1945 | 22 years, 67 days | Warden of the women's section of Bergen-Belsen, and later Auschwitz | Executed by hanging |
Elisabeth Volkenrath | ![]() |
September 5, 1919 | December 13, 1945 | 26 years, 99 days | Supervising wardress of the women camp section at Auschwitz, and later Bergen-Belsen Selection of prisoners to be gassed at Auschwitz |
Executed by hanging |
Martin Weiss | February 21, 1903 | c. 1984 | Unknown | Commander of the Vilna Ghetto Commander of the Ypatingasis būrys killing squad, which was largely responsible for the Ponary massacre where approximately 100,000 people were shot, including 70,000 Jews. |
Arrested in 1949; sentenced in 1950 to life imprisonment; sentence suspended in 1970 and revoked in 1977; died sometime in 1984 | |
Eduard Roschmann | November 25, 1908 | August 8, 1977 | 68 years, 256 days | Commandant of the Riga Ghetto | Arrested in 1945 but released early; fled to Argentina and subsequently escaped prosecution; died in 1977 | |
Otto-Heinrich Drechsler | ![]() |
April 1, 1895 | May 5, 1945 | 50 years, 34 days | General Commissioner for Latvia for Nazi Germany's occupation regime (Reichskommissariat Ostland) Major figure in the establishment of the Riga Ghetto |
Taken into British custody ; committed suicide |
Franz Murer | January 24, 1912 | January 5, 1994 | 81 years, 346 days | Responsible for the establishment of the Vilna Ghetto, which hosted a population of about 55,000 Jews, none of whom survived after the war Effectively ruled the ghetto until July 23,shortly before its liquidation |
Arrested in 1947 and deported to the Soviet Union in January 1948; sentenced to 25 years in hard labor; released in 1955 due to the Austrian State Treaty Arrested and prosecuted again in 1963 due to the intervention of the famous Nazi hunter Simon Wiesenthal; acquitted on all charges and died in 1994 | |
Franz Josef Huber | January 22, 1902 | January 30, 1975 | 73 years, 8 days | Chief of the SiPo (Security Police) and the Gestapo for Vienna, the "Upper" and "Lower Danube" regions and formal chief of the Central Agency for Jewish Emigration in Vienna Responsible for the mass deportations of Austrian Jews from these regions |
Died in 1975 without being suspected of any crimes | |
Edmund Veesenmayer | ![]() |
November 12, 1904 | December 23, 1977 | 73 years, 42 days | Reich plenipontiary to Hungary after the occupation of the country Instrumental in the Holocaust in Croatia and a major figure in the deportation of 300,000 Hungarian Jews to Auschwitz |
Arrested in 1949 and sentenced to 20 years imprisonment sentence reduced to 10 years imprisonment in 1951; released on 16 December the same year due to the intervention of the US High Commissioner in Germany; died in 1977 |
Jozef Tiso | ![]() |
October 13, 1887 | April 18, 1947 | 59 years, 187 days | Leader of the State of Slovakia | Executed by hanging |
Alexander Mach | ![]() |
October 11, 1902 | October 15, 1980 | 78 years, 4 days | Head of the Hlinka Guard, one of the leading forces in the extermination of 68,000–71,000 Slovak Jews during the Holocaust in Slovakia | Sentenced to 30 years imprisonment and released in 1968; died in 1980 |
Vojtech Tuka | ![]() |
July 4, 1880 | August 20, 1946 | 66 years, 47 days | Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Slovak State
Leading figure in the mass deportations of Slovak Jews to Nazi concentration camps |
Executed by hanging |
Ludwig Fischer | ![]() |
April 6, 1905 | March 8, 1947 | 41 years, 336 days | Governor of the Warsaw District
Responsible fore the establishment of the Warsaw Ghetto, the largest ghetto ever build by the Nazis |
Executed by hanging |
Josef Bürckel | ![]() |
March 30, 1895 | September 28, 1944 | 49 years, 182 days | Influential in the rise of the Nazi movement Responsible for the establishment of the Central Agency for Jewish Emigration in Vienna |
Died because of ill health |
Erich Koch | ![]() |
June 19, 1896 | November 12, 1986 | 90 years, 146 days | Gauleiter of East Prussia Chief of Civil Administration (Chef der Zivilverwaltung) of Bezirk Bialystok |
Sentenced in 1959 to death, which was later commuted to life imprisonment ; died 1986 |
Viktors Arājs | January 13, 1910 | January 13, 1988 | 78 years, 0 days | Leader of the Arajs Kommando, which murdered half of Latvia's Jewish population | Held in a British internment camp until 1949 ; evaded prosecution until 1979 when convicted for his involvement in the Rumbula massacre and sentenced to life imprisonment; died in 1988 while in prison | |
Werner Best | ![]() |
July 10, 1903 | June 23, 1980 | 76 years, 349 days | Chief of Departament 1 of the Gestapo ; initiated a registry of all Jews in Germany Deputy to Reinhard Heydrich |
Sentenced to death in 1948,later to 12 years imprisonment; released in 1951; held in detention in 1958 and charged again of war crimes in 1972; died in 1989 without serving time in prison a second time |
Oswald Poche | January 28, 1908 | September 22, 1962 | 54 years, 237 days | Chief of the Gestapo in Frankfurt Leading figure in the mass deportations of German Jews from Frankfurt to concentration and extermination camps |
Died without being suspected of any crime | |
Kurt Lischka | August 16, 1909 | May 16, 1989 | 79 years, 273 days | Chief of the Gestapo and commander of the SiPo and the SD in Paris Responsible of the single largest mass deportation of French Jews in Occupied France |
Sentenced in 1980 to ten years imprisonment; released early on health grounds and died in 1989 | |
Ion Antonescu | ![]() |
June 14, 1882 | June 1, 1946 | 63 years, 352 days | Leader of Romania during WW2 Responsible for the Odessa massacre, deportations to Transnistria and the Iași pogrom |
Executed by firing squad |
References[]
- ^ Kershaw (2008) Hitler: A Biography, p. 955
- ^ Joachimsthaler (1999) [1995] The Last Days of Hitler: The Legends, the Evidence, the Truth, pp. 160–182
- ^ "Nazi war criminal Alois Brunner died in Syria basement in 2001 – report". The Times of Israel. 11 January 2017.
- ^ 2014 Annual Report on the Status of Nazi War Criminals (PDF). Los Angeles, California: Simon Wiesenthal Center. 2014. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2018-10-30. Retrieved 2014-06-06.
- ^ Beevor (2002) Berlin: The Downfall 1945, p. 383
- ^ Miller (2006) Leaders of the SS and German Police, Vol. 1, p. 154
- ^
- Matthaūs, Jūrgen. "Anti-Semitism as an Offer: The Function of Ideological indoctrination in the SS and Police Corps During the Holocaust" in Hayes, Peter and Herzog, Dagmar eds. (1991) Lessons and Legacies VII: The Holocaust in International Perspective] Northwestern University Press. p. 119. ISBN 97-80810109551
- Struve, Kai "Anti-Jewish Violence in the Summer of 1941" in Geissbühler, Simon (2016) Romania and the Holocaust: Events Contexts Aftermath] New York: Columbia University Press. p. 106. ISBN 978-3838269245
- Bubnys, Arŭnas "The Holocaust in Lithuania: An Outline of the Major Stages and their Results" in Nikžentaitis, Alvydas; Schreiner, Stefan; and Staliūnas, Darius eds. (2004) The Vanished World of Lithuanian Jews] Rodopi. p.210 ISBN 978-9042008502
- Friedman, Jonathan C. ed. (2010) The Routledge History of the Holocaust] New York: Routledge. ISBN 978-1136870590
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