List of mammals of Vietnam

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is a list of the mammal species of Vietnam. There are at least 290 mammal species in the country.[1]

The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed on the respective IUCN Red List:

EX Extinct No reasonable doubt that the last individual has died.
EW Extinct in the wild Known only to survive in captivity or as a naturalized populations well outside its previous range.
CR Critically endangered The species is in imminent risk of extinction in the wild.
EN Endangered The species is facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild.
VU Vulnerable The species is facing a high risk of extinction in the wild.
NT Near threatened The species does not meet any of the criteria that would categorise it as risking extinction but it is likely to do so in the future.
LC Least concern There are no current identifiable risks to the species.
DD Data deficient There is inadequate information to make an assessment of the risks to this species.

Order: Proboscidea (elephants)[]

Asian elephant

The elephants comprise three living species and are the largest living land animals.

  • Family: Elephantidae (elephants)
    • Genus: Elephas
      • Asian elephant, E. maximus EN[2]
        • Indian elephant, E. m. indicus

Order: Sirenia (manatees and dugongs)[]

Dugongs

Sirenia is an order of fully aquatic, herbivorous mammals that live in rivers and marine wetlands. It includes four extant species, three manatees and the dugong, and the extinct Stellar's sea cow.

  • Family: Dugongidae
    • Genus: Dugong
      • Dugong, D. dugon VU[3]

Order: Scandentia (treeshrews)[]

The treeshrews are small mammals native to the tropical forests of Southeast Asia. Although called treeshrews, they are not true shrews and are not all arboreal.

Order: Dermoptera (colugos)[]

Sunda flying lemur

The two species of colugos make up the order Dermoptera. They are arboreal gliding mammals found in Southeast Asia.

  • Family: Cynocephalidae (flying lemurs)
    • Genus: Galeopterus
      • Sunda flying lemur, G. variegatus LC[5]

Order: Primates[]

Black crested gibbon

The order Primates contains humans and their closest relatives: lemurs, lorisoids, monkeys, and apes.

  • Suborder: Strepsirrhini
  • Suborder: Haplorhini
    • Infraorder: Simiiformes
      • Parvorder: Catarrhini
        • Superfamily: Cercopithecoidea
          • Family: Cercopithecidae (Old World monkeys)
            • Genus: Macaca
              • Stump-tailed macaque, M. arctoides VU[8]
              • Assam macaque, M. assamensis NT[9]
              • Crab-eating macaque, M. fascicularis VU[10]
              • Northern pigtail macaque, M. leonina VU
              • Rhesus macaque, M. mulatta LC[11]
            • Subfamily: Colobinae
        • Superfamily: Hominoidea
          • Family: Hylobatidae (gibbons)
            • Genus: Nomascus
              • Black crested gibbon, Nomascus concolor EN
              • Yellow-cheeked crested gibbon, Nomascus gabriellae VU
              • White-cheeked crested gibbon, Nomascus leucogenys DD
              • Eastern black crested gibbon, Nomascus nasutus CR
              • Northern buffed-cheeked gibbon, Nomascus annamensis
              • Southern white-cheeked gibbon, Nomascus siki EN

Order: Rodentia (rodents)[]

Polynesian rat

Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40% of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be kept short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the capybara can weigh up to 45 kg (99 lb).

Order: Lagomorpha (lagomorphs)[]

The lagomorphs comprise two families, Leporidae (hares and rabbits), and Ochotonidae (pikas). Though they can resemble rodents, and were classified as a superfamily in that order until the early 20th century, they have since been considered a separate order. They differ from rodents in a number of physical characteristics, such as having four incisors in the upper jaw rather than two.

  • Family: Leporidae (rabbits, hares)
    • Genus: Nesolagus
      • Annamite striped rabbit, Nesolagus timminsi
    • Genus: Lepus
      • Burmese hare, Lepus peguensis
      • Chinese hare, Lepus sinensis

Order: Eulipotyphla (shrews, hedgehogs, gymnures, moles and solenodons)[]

Eulipotyphlans are insectivorous mammals. Shrews and solenodons resemble mice, hedgehogs carry spines, gymnures look more like large rats, while moles are stout-bodied burrowers.

Order: Chiroptera (bats)[]

Megaderma lyra

The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals.

Order: Pholidota (pangolins)[]

Sunda pangolin

The order Pholidota comprises the eight species of pangolin. Pangolins are anteaters and have the powerful claws, elongated snout and long tongue seen in the other unrelated anteater species.

  • Family: Manidae
    • Genus: Manis
      • Sunda pangolin, M. javanica CR[20]
      • Chinese pangolin, M. pentadactyla CR[21]

Order: Cetacea (whales)[]

Spinner dolphins
Orcas

The order Cetacea includes whales, dolphins and porpoises. They are the mammals most fully adapted to aquatic life with a spindle-shaped nearly hairless body, protected by a thick layer of blubber, and forelimbs and tail modified to provide propulsion underwater.

  • Suborder: Mysticeti (baleen whales)
    • Family: Eschrichtiidae
  • Family: Balaenopteridae (rorquals)
    • Subfamily: Megapterinae
      • Genus: Megaptera
        • Humpback whale, Megaptera novaeangliae LC[23]
      • Subfamily: Balaenopterinae
        • Genus: Balaenoptera
          • Common minke whale, B. acutorostrata LC[24]
          • Omura's whale, Balaenoptera omurai DD
          • Eden's whale, Balaenoptera edeni DD
          • Northern blue whale, Balaenoptera musculus CR[23]
  • Suborder: Odontoceti (toothed whales)
    • Superfamily: Platanistoidea
      • Family: Phocoenidae
        • Genus: Neophocaena
          • Finless porpoise, Neophocaena phocaenoides DD
      • Family: Kogiidae
        • Genus: Kogia
          • Dwarf sperm whale, Kogia sima
      • Family: Ziphidae
      • Family: Delphinidae (marine dolphins)
        • Genus: Sousa
          • Sousa chinensis DD
        • Genus: Tursiops
          • Bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops aduncus DD
        • Genus: Stenella
          • Spinner dolphin, Stenella longirostris
        • Genus: Delphinus
          • Common dolphin, Delphinus capensis
        • Genus: Lagenodelphis
        • Genus: Grampus
        • Genus: Peponocephala
          • Melon-headed whale, Peponocephala electra
        • Genus: Feresa
          • Pygmy killer whale, Feresa attenuata DD
        • Genus: Orcinus
        • Genus: Orcaella
          • Irrawaddy dolphin, O. brevirostris EN[26]

Order: Carnivora (carnivorans)[]

Tiger
Yellow-throated marten
Raccoon dog
Dhole

There are over 260 species of carnivorans, the majority of which feed primarily on meat. They have a characteristic skull shape and dentition.

  • Suborder: Feliformia
    • Family: Felidae (cats)
      • Subfamily: Felinae
        • Genus: Catopuma
          • Asian golden cat NT[27]
        • Genus: Felis
          • Jungle cat, F. chaus LC[28]
        • Genus: Pardofelis
          • Marbled cat, P. marmorata NT[29]
        • Genus: Prionailurus
          • Leopard cat, P. bengalensis LC[30]
          • Leopard cat, P. bengalensis VU presence uncertain[31]
      • Subfamily: Pantherinae
        • Genus: Neofelis
          • Clouded leopard, N. nebulosa VU possibly extant[32]
        • Genus: Panthera
    • Family: Viverridae (civets, mongooses, etc.)
    • Family: Herpestidae (mongooses)
  • Suborder: Caniformia
    • Family: Canidae (dogs, foxes)
      • Genus: Canis
        • Golden jackal, C. aureus LC[45]
      • Genus: Cuon
        • Dhole, C. alpinus EN possibly extirpated[46]
      • Genus: Nyctereutes
        • Raccoon dog, N. procyonoides LC[47]
      • Genus: Vulpes
        • Red fox, V. vulpes LC[48]
    • Family: Ursidae (bears)
      • Genus: Helarctos
        • Sun bear, H. malayanus VU[49]
      • Genus: Ursus
        • Asiatic black bear, U. thibetanus VU[50]
    • Family: Mustelidae (mustelids)
      • Genus: Aonyx
        • Asian small-clawed otter, A. cinereus VU[51]
      • Genus: Arctonyx
        • Greater hog badger, A. collaris VU[52]
      • Genus: Lutra
        • Eurasian otter, L. lutra NT[53]
        • Hairy-nosed otter, L. sumatrana EN[54]
      • Genus: Lutrogale
        • Smooth-coated otter, L. perspicillata VU[55]
      • Genus: Martes
        • Yellow-throated marten, M. flavigula LC[56]
      • Genus: Melogale
        • Chinese ferret badger, M. moschata LC[57]
        • Burmese ferret badger, M. personata LC[58]
      • Genus: Mustela

Order: Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates)[]

Sika deer
Sambar deer
Indian muntjac
Gaur

The even-toed ungulates are ungulates whose weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls. There are about 220 artiodactyl species, including many that are of great economic importance to humans.

  • Family: Tragulidae
    • Genus: Tragulus
      • Lesser mouse-deer, T. kanchil LC
      • Vietnam mouse-deer, T. versicolor DD
  • Family: Moschidae
  • Family: Cervidae (deer)
  • Family: Bovidae (cattle, antelope, sheep, goats)
    • Subfamily: Bovinae
      • Genus: Bos
        • Gaur, B. gaurus VU[64]
        • Banteng, B. javanicus EN[65]
      • Genus: Pseudoryx
        • Saola, P. nghetinhensis CR
    • Subfamily: Caprinae
  • Family: Suidae (pigs)
    • Subfamily: Suinae
      • Genus: Sus
        • Wild boar, S. scrofa LC[67]

Locally extinct[]

The following species are locally extinct in the country:

  • Indian hog deer, Axis porcinus possibly extirpated[68]
  • Kouprey, Bos sauveli[69]
  • Wild water buffalo, Bubalus arnee[70]
  • Sika deer, Cervus nippon possibly extirpated (Vietnamese sika deer, C. n. pseudaxis subspecies)[71]
  • Sumatran rhinoceros, Dicerorhinus sumatrensis[72]
  • Leopard, Panthera pardus possibly extirpated[73]
  • Javan rhinoceros, Rhinoceros sondaicus[74]
  • Eld's deer, Rucervus eldii possibly extirpated[75]

See also[]

References[]

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