List of military aircraft of the Soviet Union and the CIS

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This list of the military aircraft of the Soviet Union and the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) includes experimental, prototypes, and operational types regardless of era. It also includes both native Soviet designs, Soviet-produced copies of foreign designs, and foreign-produced aircraft that served in the military of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) and its successor states of the CIS. The service time frame begins with the year the aircraft entered military service (not the date of first flight, as reported by some sources). Stated production quantities, which are often very approximate, include all variants of the aircraft type produced for the USSR, unless otherwise noted.

Wikipedia convention is to use the Soviet or Russian names and designations for these aircraft, not the post-World War II NATO reporting names, although these will be used as redirects to guide the reader to the desired article. The reporting names assigned by Western intelligence agencies listed here are provided for ease of reference; they are by no means complete. Further details on the NATO Air Standardization Coordinating Committee (ASCC) reporting names can be found here.

Fighters[]

Type No. Built Service period NATO name Remarks
Alekseyev I-21/211/215 3 n/a
Bell P-39 Airacobra 4,719 1943–1949 Lend-Lease from the United States
Bell P-63 Kingcobra 2,397 1944–1950 Lend-Lease from the United States
Curtiss P-40 Tomahawk/Kittyhawk 2,425 1941–1945 Lend-Lease from the United States
Grigorovich I-1 1 n/a
Grigorovich I-2 & I-2bis 211 1924–? n/a
Grigorovich DI-3 1 n/a
Grigorovich I-Z 73 1933–1936 n/a
Grigorovich IP-1 91 ca. 1936–1940 n/a
Heinkel I-7 134 1931–?
Ilyushin I-21 2 n/a
Kochyerigin DI-6 222 1934–? n/a Two seater
Lavochkin-Gorbunov-Goudkov LaGG-1 ~100 1940–1945? n/a
Lavochkin-Gorbunov-Goudkov LaGG-3 6,258 1940?–1945 n/a
Lavochkin La-5 9,920 1942–late 1940s n/a Includes trainers.
Lavochkin La-7 5,753 1944–? Fin Includes trainers.
Lavochkin La-9 1,559–1,895 1946–? Fritz Includes trainers.
Lavochkin La-11 1,182 1948–? Fang
Lavochkin La-15 235 1949–1954 Fantail
Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-1 100 1940–? n/a
Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-3 3,120 1941–1945 n/a Includes propeller-driven MiG-9.
Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-9 (jet) 550 1946–? Fargo Includes trainers.
Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-13/I-250 10-20 n/a
Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15 ~12,000 1949–? Fagot Includes trainers.
Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-17 10,000 1952–1970s Fresco
Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-19 ~8,500 1955–? Farmer includes foreign production.
Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21 10,000+ 1959–date Fishbed includes foreign production and trainers
Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-23 ~5,000 1970–date Flogger
Mikoyan-Gurevich I-75 1 ? Prototype interceptor lost to Su-9.
Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-25P 1,190 1972-2007 Foxbat Includes trainers.
Mikoyan MiG-27 1,070 1982–date Flogger D/J
Mikoyan MiG-29 1,600+ 1983–date Fulcrum Includes trainers.
Mikoyan MiG-31 ~500 1982–date Foxhound
Mikoyan MiG-33 Fulcrum E MiG-29M marketing designation.
Mikoyan MiG-35 Fulcrum F Prototype for export.
Mikoyan LMFS 1.27 Light Multi-function Frontal Aircraft.
Mikoyan-Gurevich Ye-152A 1 1960–1965 Flipper Final MiG-21 experimental model.
Polikarpov I-1 35 n/a n/a not used
Polikarpov I-3 389 1929–1935 n/a
Polikarpov I-5 803 1931–1942 n/a
Polikarpov I-6 2 n/a n/a prototype for I-5
Polikarpov I-15 "Chaika" 7,175+ 1935–1944 n/a
Polikarpov I-16 "Ishak" 9,004+ 1935–late 1940s n/a Possibly 7364 fighters and 1895 trainers built.
Polikarpov I-17 3 n/a prototypes only
Sukhoi Su-1/I-330 1 1940 n/a high-altitude fighter prototype.
Sukhoi Su-1/I-360 1 1941 n/a Su-1 with revised wing, did not fly.
Sukhoi Su-5/I-107 1 1945 n/a mixed-power propeller/motorjet prototype.
Sukhoi Su-7 (1944) 1 1944–1945 n/a Mixed-power interceptor developed from attack Su-6.
Sukhoi Su-7 < 200 1956–? Fitter-A Swept-wing 'Fitter' model.
Sukhoi Su-9 < 1,100 1959–c. 1970 Fishpot-A/B
Sukhoi Su-11 108 1964–1983 Fishpot-C Improved Su-9, some modified from Su-9.
Sukhoi Su-15 < 1,500 1967–1992 Flagon Include trainers. Su-15TM not redesignated Su-21.
Sukhoi Su-27 ~680 1984–date Flanker includes exports and trainers
Sukhoi Su-30 630+ 1992–date Flanker-F (Variant 1) Interceptor, was Su-27PU.
Sukhoi Su-33 ~35 1994–date Flanker-D Includes trainer; carrier fighter, was Su-27K.
Sukhoi Su-35 151 1997–date Flanker-E (Variant 1) Was Su-27M.
Sukhoi Su-37 2 Flanker-E (Variant 2) cancelled Su-35 development.
Sukhoi Su-47 Firkin Technology demonstrator
Sukhoi Su-57 12 2020-date Felon
Tupolev I-4 369 1928–1933 n/a
Tupolev Tu-28/Tu-128 198 1965–1992 Fiddler-A/B
Yakovlev Yak-1 ~8,720 1940–1945 n/a Includes trainers.
Yakovlev Yak-3 4,848 1944–1945 n/a Includes trainers.
Yakovlev Yak-9 16,769 1942–? Frank Includes trainers.
Yakovlev Yak-15 ~280 1947–? Feather
Yakovlev Yak-17 430 1948–? Feather Includes trainers.
Yakovlev Yak-23 310 1949–late 1950s Flora Replaced by MiG-15.
Yakovlev Yak-25 480 1955–1967 Flashlight
Yakovlev Yak-28P ~1,700 1967–early 1980s Firebar
Yakovlev Yak-38 231 1976–1991 Forger VTOL carrier fighter

Attack[]

Type No. Service period NATO name Remarks
Ilyushin Il-2 "Sturmovik" 29,937 1941–late 1950s Bark Excludes Il-10.
Ilyushin Il-10 5,026 1944–1956 Beast Excludes Czech production; includes trainers.
Ilyushin Il-40 2 1953 Brawny Prototypes only.
Kochyerigin LBSh 2 1939 n/a Prototypes only. Cancelled in favor of Il-2
Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-23 5,047 1970–1998 Flogger Includes 3,630 fighters and trainers, but excludes MiG-27s.
Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-25BM ~100 1982?–? Foxbat-F SEAD variant.
Mikoyan MiG-27 925 1975–date Flogger-D/J Excludes Indian production. Ground-attack MiG-23.
Polikarpov I-15 "Chaika" > 7,175 1935–1944 n/a
Polikarpov I-16 "Ishak" > 9,004 1935–late 1940s n/a Possibly 7,364 fighters and 1,895 trainers built.
Sukhoi Su-2 > 500 1940–1942 n/a Later used as squadron hacks.
Sukhoi Su-7B 1,700–1,800 1961–1986 Fitter-A Includes trainers and ~600 exports.
Sukhoi Su-17 "Strizh" 2,867 1971–date Fitter Includes 500+ for export and trainers.
Sukhoi Su-24 "Chemodan" 1,400 1974–date Fencer 700+ for the USSR, includes 110+ reconnaissance variants.
Sukhoi Su-25 "Grach" >580 1981–date Frogfoot Includes trainers; ~80 being upgraded to Su-25SM.
Sukhoi Su-25T/Su-25TM/Su-39 20 1996–date Frogfoot 20 Su-25T built; 8 upgraded to Su-39TM.
Sukhoi Su-30M 500+ 1996?–date Flanker-F (Variant 2) Multirole Su-27; 4+ built.
Sukhoi Su-34/Su-27IB/Su-32FN 74 2014–date Fullback Deliveries ongoing.
Yakovlev Yak-7 6,339 1942–? n/a Includes trainers.
Yakovlev Yak-38 231 1976-c. 1994 Forger Naval VTOL fighter-bomber.

Bombers[]

Type No. Service period NATO name Remarks
Archangelski Ar-2 ? 1940–1941 n/a Refined Tupolev SB
Bolkhovitinov DB-A 14 1935–?
Douglas A-20 Havoc 2,908 1940s Box Lend-lease from the United States.
Ilyushin DB-3 1,528 1936–? n/a Excludes Il-4.
Ilyushin Il-4 5,256 1941-early 1950s Bob Includes trainers.
Ilyushin Il-28 2,000+ 1950–1980s Beagle excludes Chinese Hong H-5 version.
Ilyushin Il-54/Il-149 1 Blowlamp Cancelled.
Myasishchev M-4 "Molot" 1955-early 1960s Bison 93 all variants, few used; most converted to M-4-2 tankers.
M-50/M-52 2 1957 Bounder Prototypes only.
North American B-25C/D/S/G/J 866 1940s Bank Lend-lease from the United States.
Petlyakov Pe-2 "Peschka" 11,427 1941-early 1950s Buck Includes trainers.
Petlyakov Pe-8/TB-7 ~96 1941–late 1950s n/a 93 or 96 built.
Polikarpov R-1 & R-2 2,800+ 1924–1934 n/a Airco DH.9A copy.
Tupolev DB-1 18 1934–1937 n/a development of ANT-25
Tupolev SB "Katyusha" 6,656 1936–1944 n/a Includes trainers.
Tupolev TB-1 212 1929–? n/a
Tupolev TB-3 818 1930–1942 n/a Also mothership for parasite I-16s
Tupolev Tu-2 2,527 1943–1950 Bat
Tupolev Tu-4 847 1949–1960s Bull Boeing B-29 Superfortress copy.
Tupolev Tu-12/Tu-77 4 1947–1950 n/a No production.
Tupolev Tu-14 ~100 1949–? Bosun Include reconnaissance and torpedo bomber versions; most to the navy.
Tupolev Tu-16 1,507+ 1954–1993 Badger
Tupolev Tu-22 "Shilo" ~250-300 1962–date Blinder Excludes Tu-22M 'Backfire', Includes trainers.
Tupolev Tu-22M ~500 1972–date Backfire
Tupolev Tu-73 1 1947–1948 n/a Enlarged Tu-72 naval bomber.
Tupolev Tu-80 1 1949 n/a Improved Tu-4.
Tupolev Tu-82/Tu-22 1 Butcher
Tupolev Tu-85 2 Barge Final Tu-4 refinement.
Tupolev Tu-91 Boot 1954 prototype naval bomber
Tupolev Tu-95 300+ 1956–1997 Bear Includes trainers.
Tupolev Tu-95MS 1984–date Bear-H Tu-142 airframe.
Tupolev Tu-98 2 Backfin 1955 Technology demonstrator.
Tupolev Tu-160 16 1987–date Blackjack
Tu PAK DA ? No prototypes
Yakovlev Yak-2 111 1940–? n/a
Yakovlev Yak-4 90 1941–1945 n/a Night bomber later used for reconnaissance.
Yakovlev Yak-26 9 ?–? Flashlight-B Version of Yak-25 interceptor.
Yakovlev Yak-28 ~700 1960–c. 1994 Brewer
Yermolayev Yer-2 ~320 1941–? n/a

Reconnaissance[]

Type No. Service period NATO name Remarks
Antonov An-30 1974–date Clank Aerial survey; few built.
Ilyushin Il-28R ?–? Beagle
Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21R 1965–date Fishbed-H
Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-25R 1970–date Foxbat 1190 built all variants.
Myasishchev M-17/M-55 "Geofizika" 6+ 1982–date Mystic-A/B Was ELINT, One used for meteorological research.
Neman R-10 490 1937–1943 n/a
Polikarpov R-1 & R-2 2,800+ 1924–1934 n/a Airco DH.9A copy. Also light bomber.
Polikarpov R-5 490 1928–1944 n/a
Polikarpov R-Z 1,031 1935–1941? n/a Improved R-5.
Sukhoi Su-17R "Strizh" ?–date Fitter Some Su-17M used reconnaissance pods. Su-20R was export only.
Sukhoi Su-24MR 110+ 1985–date Fencer-E
Tupolev R-3 103 1926–? n/a
Tupolev R-6 7,000+ 1929–? n/a All variants.
Tupolev R-7 1 n/a 1930 prototype
Tupolev Tu-16R 1,507+ ?–? Badger-E
Tupolev Tu-22R 127 1962–? Blinder-C
Yakovlev Yak-4 90 1941–1945 n/a Reassigned to reconnaissance.
Yakovlev Yak-25RV 165 1959–1974 Mandrake Two unmanned variants.
Yakovlev Yak-27R ~160-180 1960–? Mangrove
Yakovlev Yak-28R 220+ mid–1960s-c. 1992/94 Brewer-D

Maritime patrol[]

Type No. Service period NATO name Remarks
Antonov An-72P 1987–date Coaler
Beriev Be-2/KOR-1 1938–1942 Mote Cruiser floatplane
Beriev Be-4/KOR-2 1941–? Mug Flying boat
Beriev Be-6 1949–late 1960s Madge Flying boat
Beriev Be-10 1956–? Mallow Jet flying boat; few produced.
Beriev Be-12 "Chaika" 1961–date Mail Amphibious
Beriev Be-42/Be-44 "Albatros" 1989–date Mermaid Amphibious
Ilyushin Il-38 ~100 1971–date May Some with the Indian Navy.
Myasishchev 3M/3MD "Molot" 93 1956–late 1980s Bison-B/C Converted to tankers.
Tupolev Tu-16PL/R/RM/SP 1,507+ ?–1994 Badger-D/E/F
Tupolev Tu-95MR 12 1973?–date Bear-E
Tupolev Tu-142/Tu-142M 1972–date Bear-F

Airborne early warning and control[]

Type No. Service period NATO name Remarks
An-71 3 1985–1991 Madcap Cancelled
Beriev A-50 "Shmel" ~40 1986–date Mainstay Modified IL-76
Ilyushin Il-18D/V 7+ ?–? Coot-B 5+ Il-18D and 2 Il-18V built.
Ilyushin Il-18D-36 "Bizon" 20+ early 1970s–? Coot-B
Ilyushin Il-22M-11 "Zebra" 21+ ~1987–date Coot-B
Ilyushin Il-76VKP/Il-82 2 early 1990s–date
Ilyushin Il-86VKP/Il-87 Aimak 4+ early 1990s–date Maxdome
Tupolev Tu-126 8 1968–mid–1980s Moss Modified Tu-114 airliner
Tupolev Tu-142MR 10+ 1980–date Bear-J

Electronic warfare[]

Type No. Service period NATO name Remarks
Antonov An-12B-PP/BK-IS/-PP/-PPS 150+ 1964–date Cub-A/B/C/D EW
Antonov An-26M ?–? Curl ELINT;
Antonov An-26RM/RTR/RR 42+ 1986–date Curl-B SIGINT/COMINT variants.
Ilyushin Il-20RT 1978–date Coot-A ELINT variant.
Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-25RB ?–? Foxbat ELINT variants
Sukhoi Su-24MP 12-24 early 1980s–date Fencer-F ELINT variant.
Tupolev Tu-16Ye/P/SPS and "Elka" ?–1994 Badger-A/H/J/K/L
Tupolev Tu-22P 47 ?–? Blinder-E
Tupolev Tu-22MR 20+ 1998?–date Backfire Conversions
Tupolev Tu-95RT 45 1967?–? Bear-D
Yakovlev Yak-28PP 120+ 1970-c. 1992/94 Brewer-E Escort jammer

Transport and liaison[]

Type No. Service period NATO name Remarks
Antonov An-2 "Annushka" 5000+ 1947–date Colt Many other operators, excludes Polish production.
Antonov An-8 151 1956–2004 Camp
Antonov An-10 "Ukraine" 108 1957–1972 Cat Passenger version of An-12 cargo.
Antonov An-12 1,253 1959–date Cub
Antonov An-14 "Pchelka" ~300 1958–? Clod Most for Aeroflot, some to military.
Antonov An-22 "Antei" 66 1967–date Cock
Antonov An-24 ~1,465 1963–date Coke
Antonov An-26 1,398 1969–date Curl
Antonov An-28 191 1969–date Cash Built in Poland.
Antonov An-30 123 ?–date Clank Mapping development of An-24/An-26.
Antonov An-32 357 1977–date Cline Re-engined An-26.
Antonov An-72A "Cheburashka" 1987–date Coaler-C 180+ An-72 and An-74 built; in production
Antonov An-74 "Cheburashka" 1991?–date Coaler-B 180+ An-72 and An-74 built; in production
Antonov An-124 "Ruslan" 56 1986–date Condor
Antonov An-225 "Mriya" 1 1989–1990 Cossack Operated commercially since 2001.
Douglas C-47 707 1940s–? Cab Lend-lease from the US
Ilyushin Il-12 663 1945–? Coach Most for Aeroflot, some to military.
Ilyushin Il-14 1,000+ 1953–? Crate
Ilyushin Il-18 ~25 1965–? Coot ~25 used as VIP transports.
Ilyushin Il-62M 20+ 1974–date Classic
Ilyushin Il-76 900+ 1978–date Candid
Ilyushin Il-86 103 1977–1994 Camber
Ilyushin Il-96PU 2 2003–date Two used by Russian president
Ilyushin Il-112VT under development
Junkers PS-4 17+ ?–? n/a License-built Junkers W.33
Kharkiv KhAI-5 60+ 1940–? n/a converted bomber
Lisunov Li-2 2,000+ Cab License-built Douglas DC-3.
Polikarpov Po-2 ~30,000 1929–? Mule Utility biplane
Tupolev PS-9 ~70 1933–? n/a
Tupolev Tu-104 200 1955–? Camel
Tupolev Tu-110 3 1957 Cooker Used as testbeds.
Tupolev Tu-114 "Rossiya" 31 1957–1975 Cleat
Tupolev Tu-124 165 1960–? Cookpot Some used as trainers (Tu-124Sh-1 and Sh-2).
Tupolev Tu-134BSh/UBL ?–date Crusty Tu-22M and Tu-160 crew trainer .
Tupolev Tu-154M ?–2006 Careless Some used as VIP transports.
Tupolev Tu-204/214 68 1995–date Number includes Tupolev Tu-214.
Yakovlev Yak-6 381 1942–1950 Crib Light bomber and transport.
Yakovlev Yak-10 40(?) 1945–1947 Crow Was Yak-14.
Yakovlev Yak-12 3,801 1947–? Creek Yak-10 development.
Yakovlev Yak-14 413 1948–? n/a Glider
Yakovlev Yak-16 1948–? Cork Some used for training
Yakovlev Yak-40 1968–date Codling A few dozen used by military
Yakovlev Yak-42 1980–date Clobber Tu-134 replacement

Tankers[]

Type No. Service period NATO name Remarks
Ilyushin Il-76MDK Planned tanker conversion
Ilyushin Il-78/Il-78M up to 30 c. 1989–date Midas Converted airliner
Myasishchev 3MS-2/3MN-2 "Molot" ?–1994? Bison Converted bomber
Myasishchev M-4-2 "Molot" ?–1994 Bison Converted bomber
Tupolev Tu-16D/N/Z ?–1996 Badger-A

Trainers[]

Type No. Service period NATO name Remarks
Aero L-29 "Delphin" 2,000+ 1963–date Maya Czechoslovakian jet.
Aero L-39 "Albatros" 1972–date n/a Czech jet
Avro 504 (U-1) 700+ 1918–? n/a
Ilyushin Il-28U ?–1980s Mascot
Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15UTI ?–1970s Midget
Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21U 1962–date Mongol
Polikarpov U-2 ~30,000 1929–? Mule Also used by other operators
North American AT-6 82 ?–? Lend-Lease from the United States
Sukhoi Su-7U ?–1980s Moujik
Sukhoi Su-9U ~50 1962–1970s Maiden
Sukhoi Su-11U ?–1983 Maiden
Yakovlev UT-1 1,241 1936–? n/a
Yakovlev UT-2 7,243 1937–1950s Mink Main World War II basic trainer.
Yakovlev Yak-7U 6,399 ?–? Mark
Yakovlev Yak-11 4,566 1946–1962 Moose
Yakovlev Yak-17UTI ~430 ?–? Magnet
Yakovlev Yak-18 9,000+ 1946–date Max
Yakovlev Yak-28U ?–c. 1994 Maestro
Yakovlev Yak-30 4 Magnum lost to L-29 Delfin.
Yakovlev Yak-52 ~1,800 1976–date n/a

Helicopters[]

Type No. Service period NATO name Remarks
Kamov Ka-15/Ka-18 Hen
Kamov Ka-20 Harp
Kamov Ka-22 "Vintokryl" Hoop
Kamov Ka-25 140 1966?–date Hormone For the Soviet Navy
Kamov Ka-26 816+ 1970–? Hoodlum-A number includes military and civilian examples.
Kamov Ka-226 "Sergei" ~10 Hoodlum-C ~10 on order for the Russian Navy.
Kamov Ka-27/Ka-29 267 1982–date Helix All variants, 59 Ka-29 troop transports.
Kamov Ka-31 ?? 2003 Helix 'B' Naval AEW Platform
Kamov Ka-32 170+ 2006 Helix 'C' umber includes military and civilian examples.
Kamov Ka-50 "Chernaya Akula" 8 1995 Hokum-A Prototypes
Kamov Ka-52 100 2012 Hokum-B
Mil Mi-1 < 1,800 1951–? Hare Production transferred to Poland. Military and civilian use
PZL Mi-2 5,250+ 1965–date Hoplite built in Poland for military and civilian use.
Mil Mi-4 < 3,500 1953–? Hound Produced for military and civil use and exported.
Mil Mi-6/Mi-22 ~860 c. 1960–date Hook Produced for military and civil use and exported.
Mil Mi-8 17,000+ 1967–date Hip All variants including Mi-17 (see below) and exports.
Mil Mi-9/Mi-19 1977–date Hip-G/? Mi-8/Mi-17 Airborne command post
Mil Mi-10 55+ 1963–date Harke In civilian use by NPO-Vzylot
Mil Mi-14 ~75-100 1975–date Haze
Mil Mi-17/Mi-8M ? 1977–date Hip-H
Mil Mi-24 "Krokodil" 5,200+ 1973–date Hind includes exports, Mi-24V redesignated as Mi-35
Mil Mi-26 ~300 1982–date Halo
Mil Mi-28 "'Ночной охотник'" 24 2009–date Havoc more planned
Yakovlev Yak-24 ~100 1952–? Horse

Experimental[]

Type No. Service period NATO name Remarks
Antonov An-74AEW/An-71 1 Madcap Prototype AEW variant.
Beriev A-60 2 Laser-armed Il-76MD.
Bisnovat 5 2 Rocket research aircraft.
Mikoyan-Gurevich I-270 2 n/a 1945 rocket interceptor, cancelled.
Mikoyan Project 1.44 1 Flatpack Technology demonstrator.
Mil V-12 2 Homer Prototype helicopter.
Myasishchev M-50/M-52 2 Bounder Cancelled intercontinental bomber.
OKB-1 EF 140 1 Junkers jet bomber development.
Sukhoi Su-47/S-37 "Berkut" 1 Firkin Forward-swept wing demonstrator.
Sukhoi T-4 1 Reconnaissance/strike/interceptor, cancelled.
Tupolev I-12 1 1931 fighter armed with recoilless 76 mm cannons.
Yakovlev Yak-36 4 Freehand 1960s experimental VTOL aircraft; only 2 flown.
Yakovlev Yak-141 4 Freestyle VTOL fighter; only 2 flown; cancelled.

See also[]

External links[]

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