List of nearest galaxies

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is a list of known galaxies within 3.8 megaparsecs (12 million light-years) of the Solar System, in ascending order of heliocentric distance, or the distance to the Sun. This encompasses all of the about 50 major Local Group galaxies, and some that are members of neighboring galaxy groups, the M81 Group and the Centaurus A/M83 Group, and some that are currently not in any defined galaxy group.

The list aims to reflect current knowledge: not all galaxies within the 3.8 Mpc radius have been discovered. Nearby dwarf galaxies are still being discovered, and galaxies located behind the central plane of the Milky Way are extremely difficult to discern. It is possible for any galaxy to mask another located beyond it. Intergalactic distance measurements are subject to large uncertainties. Figures listed are composites of many measurements, some of which may have had their individual error bars tightened to the point of no longer overlapping with each other.[1]

List[]

# Picture Galaxy Type Distance from Earth Magnitude Group
Membership 		Notes Diameter (ly)
Millions of light-years Mpc M m
  - Milky Way 2010.jpg Milky Way SBbc 0.0265
(to the galactic center)[2] 		0.008[2] −20.8[1] n/a Local Group Home galaxy of Earth. Barred spiral galaxy. 100,000–180,000 ly
  1 Canis Major Dwarf Irr (status as galaxy disputed) 0.025[3] 0.008 −14.5 23.3 Local Group Satellite of Milky Way (accretion by Milky Way)
  2 0.0701 0.0215[4] −0.8[4] 15.87[4][NB 1] Local Group Satellite of Milky Way 120 ly[4]
  3 0.0747 0.0229[5] −1.3[5] 15.5[5][NB 1] Local Group Satellite of Milky Way that is being tidally disrupted[5] 220 ly
  4 Segue 1 dSph or Glob Clus 0.075 0.023[6] −3.0[6] 13.8[6] Local Group Satellite of Milky Way
  5 S sgrdw1.jpg Sagittarius Dwarf Sphr SagDEG dSph/E7 0.081 0.024[7] −12.67[7] 4.5[8] Local Group Satellite of Milky Way (partial accretion by Milky Way) 10,000 ly
  6 0.0901 0.0276[9] −4.71[9] 12.49[9][NB 1] Local Group Satellite of Milky Way, possibly associated with the Magellanic Clouds[9] 348 ly[9]
  7 0.0906 0.0278[10] −2.4[10] 14.82[10][NB 1] Local Group Satellite of Milky Way 200 ly[10]
  8 Ursa Major II Dwarf dSph 0.098 0.030 −4.2 14.3 Local Group Satellite of Milky Way (accretion by Milky Way) ~1,800 ly
  9 Triangulum II 0.098 0.030[11] −1.8[11] 15.6[11][NB 1] Local Group Satellite of Milky Way (accretion by Milky Way)
 10 Reticulum II 0.102 0.0314[5] −3.1[5] 14.4[5][NB 1] Local Group Satellite of Milky Way 378 ly
 11 Segue 2 dSph 0.114 0.035[12] −2.5[12] Local Group Satellite of Milky Way, one of the smallest known galaxies 220 ly
 12 0.122 0.0374[10] −4.5[10] 13.36[10][NB 1] Local Group Satellite of Milky Way 590 ly[10]
 13 Willman 1 dSph or Star Clus 0.120 0.038[13] −2.7[13] Local Group Satellite of Milky Way
 14 Boötes II dSph 0.136 0.042[13] −2.7[13] Local Group Satellite of Milky Way
 15 Coma Berenices Dwarf dSph 0.137 0.042[14] −3.6[14] Local Group Satellite of Milky Way
 16 0.15 0.045[15] −3.2[15] 15.1[15][NB 1] Local Group Satellite of Milky Way possibly associated with the Large Magellanic Cloud[15] 300 ly[15]
 17 Boötes III dSph 0.150 0.046[16] −5.8[17] Local Group Satellite of Milky Way
 18 0.16 0.048[11] −3.5[11] 14.9[11][NB 1] Local Group Satellite of Milky Way
 19 The Large Magellanic Cloud revealed by VISTA.jpg Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) SB(s)m 0.163 0.050[7] −17.93[7] 0.9[8] Local Group Satellite of Milky Way 14,000 ly
 20 0.179 0.055[18] −3.9[18] Local Group Satellite of Milky Way 607 ly[18]
 21 0.186 0.057[19] −3.8[19] 15.0[19][NB 1] Local Group Satellite of Milky Way 1080 ly[19]
 22 Boo SDSS enhanced.jpg Boötes I dSph 0.197[8] 0.060 −5.8[20] 13.1 Local Group Satellite of Milky Way
 23 VISTA’s view of the Small Magellanic Cloud.jpg Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC, NGC 292) SB(s)m pec 0.206 0.063[7] −16.35[7] 2.7[8] Local Group Satellite of Milky Way 7,000 ly
 24 Ursa Minor Dwarf - Giuseppe Donatiello.jpg Ursa Minor Dwarf dE4 0.206 0.063[7] −7.13[7] 11.9[8] Local Group Satellite of Milky Way
 25 0.238 0.0731[21] −5.7[21] 13.62[21][NB 1] Local Group Satellite of Milky Way that was possibly once a satellite of Sgr dSph[21] 232 ly[21]
 26 0.25 0.078[11] −2.6[11] 1.69[11][NB 1] Local Group Satellite of Milky Way 287 ly[22]
 27 PGC 60095 Draco Dwarf Hubble WikiSky.jpg Draco Dwarf (DDO 208) dE0 pec 0.258 0.079[7] −8.74[7] 10.9[8] Local Group Satellite of Milky Way with a large amount of dark matter ~2,700 × 1,900 ly
 28 0.258 0.079[23] -3.4[23] Local Group Satellite of Milky Way 196 ly
 29 Pisces I dIrr/dSph[24] 0.26 0.8[25] −10.35[24] Local Group Satellite of Milky Way
 30 Sextans Dwarf Sph dSph 0.281 0.086[7] −7.98[7] 12[8] Local Group Satellite of Milky Way 8,400 ly
 31 Sculptor Dwarf Galaxy ESO.jpg Sculptor Dwarf (E351-G30) dE3 0.287 0.088[7] −9.77[7] 10.1[8] Local Group Satellite of Milky Way
 32 Virgo I 0.30 0.091[11] −0.3[11] 19.5[11][NB 1] Local Group Satellite of Milky Way
 33 0.30 0.092[26] −3.3[26] 16.51[26][NB 1] Local Group Satellite of Milky Way 420 ly[26]
 34 Ursa Major I Dwarf (UMa I dSph) dSph 0.315 0.0968[13] −6.75[27] Local Group Satellite of Milky Way ~2,000 ly
 35 0.326 0.100[18] −2.7[18] Local Group Satellite of Milky Way 290 ly[18]
 36 Carina Dwarf Galaxy.jpg Carina Dwarf (E206-G220) dE3 0.330 0.10[7] −8.97[27] 11.3[8] Local Group Satellite of Milky Way 1,600 ly
 37 0.3519 0.1079[28] −4.36[28] 15.8[28][NB 1] Local Group Satellite of Milky Way 1,040 ly[28]
 38 0.372 0.114[29] −3.1[29] 20.3[29][NB 1] Local Group Satellite of Milky Way 190 ly[29]
 39 Crater II 0.383 0.1175[11] −8.2[11] 12.2[11][NB 1] Local Group Satellite of Milky Way
 40 0.391 0.120[19] −3.4[19] 17.0[19][NB 1] Local Group Satellite of Milky Way 404 ly
 41 Antlia 2 0.422 0.1294 −8.5 Local Group Satellite of Milky Way, most diffuse galaxy ever found
 42 Hercules Dwarf Galaxy.jpg Hercules Dwarf dSph 0.430 0.133[30] −5.3[30] 14.7[6] Local Group Satellite of Milky Way
 43 Fornax Dwarf (E356-G04) dSph/E2 0.46 0.14[1] −11.5[7] 9.28[1] Local Group Satellite of Milky Way
 44 Canes Venatici II Dwarf dSph 0.49 0.15[6] −4.8[6] 15.1[6] Local Group Satellite of Milky Way
 45 dSph 0.49 0.151[31] −5.1[31] Local Group Satellite of Milky Way 500 ly[31]
 46 Leo IV dwarf galaxy.jpeg Leo IV Dwarf dSph 0.502 0.154[32] −5.5[32] 15.9[6] Local Group Satellite of Milky Way
 47 Leo V Dwarf dSph 0.570 0.175[33] −5.2[33] Local Group Satellite of Milky Way
 48 Pisces II dG[34] 0.596 0.183[34] −4.1[34] Local Group Satellite of Milky Way
 49 0.597 0.183[35] −4.2[35] 17.11[35][NB 1] Local Group Satellite of Milky Way 760 ly[35]
 50 0.682 0.209[36] −4.53[36] 17.07[36][NB 1] Local Group Satellite of Milky Way[36] 3,000 ly[36]
 51 0.30 0.214[26] −4.3[26] 17.35[26][NB 1] Local Group Satellite of Milky Way 1,180 ly[26]
 52 LG Leo II (26422781005).jpg Leo II Dwarf (Leo B, DDO 93) dE0 pec 0.701[37] 0.215 −9.23[7] 12.45[1] Local Group Satellite of Milky Way 4,100 ly (tidal)
 53 0.701 0.215[38] −3.4[38] 18.26[38][NB 1] Local Group Satellite of Milky Way 350 ly[38]
 54 Canes Venatici I Dwarf dSph 0.711 0.218[39] −7.9[40] 13.9[40] Local Group Satellite of Milky Way
 55 Ugc5470.jpg Leo I Dwarf (DDO 74, UGC 5470) dE3 0.820[37] 0.25 −10.97[7] 11.18[1] Local Group Satellite of Milky Way
 56 0.819 0.251[41] −2.45[41] 19.55[41][NB 1] Local Group Satellite of Milky Way 580 ly[41]
 57 Eridanus II 1.19[42] 0.366[42] −7.1[42] Local Group Satellite of Milky Way 1,810 ly[42]
 58 Leo T Dwarf dIrr/dSph 1.370 0.42[43] 16[8] Local Group Satellite of Milky Way? 2,300 ly
 59 Phoenix Dwarf Hubble WikiSky.jpg Phoenix Dwarf Galaxy (P 6830) IAm 1.44 0.44 −10.22[7] 13.07[1] Local Group Satellite of Milky Way
 60 Barnard's Galaxy.jpg Barnard's Galaxy (NGC 6822) IB(s)m IV-V 1.630[37] 0.50 −15.22[7] 9.32[1] Local Group It contains several large H II regions 7,000 ly
 61 Pisces V (Andromeda XVI) dSph[44] 1.80 0.55[44][NB 2] −7.6[44] 16.1[44] Local Group Satellite of Andromeda 985 ly[44]
 62 NGC 185 HST.jpg NGC 185 dE3 pec 2.05[45] 0.63 −14.76[7] 9.99[1] Local Group Satellite of Andromeda; possibly closest Seyfert galaxy to Earth
 63 IC10 BVHa.jpg IC 10 (UGC 192) dIrr IV/BCD[8] 2.2 0.67 −15.57[7] 12.2[1] Local Group Satellite of Andromeda
 64 Andromeda II color cutout hst 13028 06 acs wfc f814w f475w sci.jpg Andromeda II dE0 2.23 0.68[44][NB 2] −12.6[44] 11.7[44] Local Group Satellite of Andromeda 6,820 ly[44]
 65 (Andromeda XXX) dSph[46] 2.22 0.681[47] −8.0[48] 16.0[48] Local Group Satellite of Andromeda 1,800 ly
 66 Leo A Hubble WikiSky.jpg Leo A (Leo III, DDO 69) IBm V 2.250[37] 0.80[49] −11.68[49] 12.92 Local Group Satellite of Milky Way
 67 IC1613-3.jpg IC 1613 (UGC 668) IAB(s)m V 2.350[37] 0.72 −14.51[7] 9.92[1] Local Group Satellite of Andromeda
 68 dSph[46] 2.37 0.727[47] −7.8[48] 16.6[48] Local Group Satellite of Andromeda 1,900 ly
 69 dSph[46] 2.40 0.736[47] −9.0[48] 15.3[48] Local Group Satellite of Andromeda 3,560 ly
 70 Andromeda XI dSph[46] 2.410 0.74[50] −7.3[51] Local Group Satellite of Andromeda
 71 dSph[46] 2.42 0.741[46] −6.4[48] 18.0[48] Local Group Satellite of Andromeda 590 ly[48]
 72 dSph[46] 2.48 0.748[46] −9.8[48] 14.6[48] Local Group Satellite of Andromeda 7,770 ly[48]
 73 Andromeda III color cutout hst 13739 22 acs wfc f814w f475w sci.jpg Andromeda III dE2 2.451 0.75[44][NB 2] −10.1[44] 14.4[44] Local Group Satellite of Andromeda 2750 ly[44]
 74 Cassiopeia Dwarf (PGC 2807155) Hubble WikiSky.jpg Cassiopeia Dwarf (Cas dSph, Andromeda VII) dSph 2.451 0.75[52][NB 2] −11.67[7] 13.65[1] Local Group Satellite of Andromeda[7]
 75 Cetus Dwarf Galaxy color cutout hst 10505 31 acs wfc f814w f475w sci.jpg Cetus Dwarf dSph/E4 2.460[45] 0.75 −10.18[7] 14.4[1] Local Group Satellite of Andromeda[7]
 76 dSph[46] 2.46 0.754[47] −5.8[48] 18.5[48] Local Group Satellite of Andromeda 980 ly
 77 Pisces III (Andromeda XIII) dSph[46] 2.48 0.760[47] −6.5[48] 17.8[48] Local Group Satellite of Andromeda 850 ly
 78 M32 Lanoue.png M32 (NGC 221) E2 2.489;[37] 0.76 −15.96[7] 8.73[1] Local Group Close Satellite of Andromeda 6,500 ly
 79 Andromeda XV dSph[44] 2.490 0.76[44][NB 2] −8.4[44] 16.0[44] Local Group Satellite of Andromeda[7] 1840 ly[44]
 80 Andromeda IX dE 2.500[45] 0.77 −7.5[7] Local Group Satellite of Andromeda[7]
 81 LGS 3 ubv.jpg Pisces Dwarf dIrr/dSph 2.510[45] 0.77 −7.96[7] 16.18[1] Local Group Satellite of Triangulum[citation needed]
 82 Andromeda V dSph[46] 2.52[45] 0.77 −8.41[7] 16.67[1] Local Group Satellite of Andromeda[7]
 83 (Andromeda XXXII) 2.52 0.772[53] −12.3[53] 12.15[53][NB 1] Local Group Satellite of Andromeda 9,500 ly[53]
 84 (Andromeda XXXI) dSph 2.52 0.773[54] −11.4[54] 13.04[54][NB 1] Local Group Satellite of Andromeda[54] 4,750 ly[54]
 85 NGC147.jpg NGC 147 (DDO 3) dE5 pec 2.53[45] 0.78 −14.9[7] 10.36[1] Local Group Satellite of Andromeda
 86 M31bobo.jpg Andromeda Galaxy (M31) SA(s)b 2.538[45] 0.78 −21.58[7] 4.17[1] Local Group Largest Galaxy in the Local Group, with at least 19 satellite galaxies. Barred spiral galaxy. 220,000 ly
 87 Andromeda VI color cutout hst 08272 04 wfpc2 f555w f450w wf sci.jpg Pegasus Dwarf Sph (And VI) dSph[46] 2.55[45] 0.78 −10.80[7] 14.05[1] Local Group Satellite of Andromeda[7]
 88 (Andromeda XXXIII) 2.56 0.785[55] −10.3[55] 14.19[55][NB 1] Local Group Satellite of Andromeda 2,600 ly[55]
 89 Pisces IV (Andromeda XIV) 2.59 0.793[47] −8.5[48] 15.8[48] Local Group Satellite of Andromeda ~1,700 ly
 90 Andromeda I Hubble WikiSky.jpg Andromeda I dE3 pec 2.6 0.80[44][NB 2] −12.0[44] 12.7[44] Local Group Satellite of Andromeda 5,840 ly[44]
 91 dSph[46] 2.65 0.811[56] −8.7[56] 15.85[56][NB 1] Local Group Satellite of Andromeda 1,800 ly[56]
 92 Not So Dead After All Messier 110.tif M110 (NGC 205) E6p 2.67[45] 0.83 −16.15[7] 8.72[1] Local Group Close Satellite of Andromeda
 93 Andromeda VIII dSph[57] 2.7 0.828 −15.6 9.1 Local Group Tidally distorted dwarf close to Andromeda discovered 2003[57]
 94 2.70 0.829[56] −8.5[56] 16.09[56][NB 1] Local Group Satellite of Andromeda 2,050 ly[56]
 95 VST snaps a very detailed view of the Triangulum Galaxy.jpg Triangulum Galaxy (M33) SA(s)cd 2.73[45] 0.83 −18.87[7] 6.19[1] Local Group Most distant (difficult) naked eye object. Closest unbarred spiral galaxy to us. 60,000 ly
 96 Andromeda XXI[58] dSph[46] 2.8 0.86 −9.9 Local Group Satellite of Andromeda
 97 Tucana Dwarf Hubble WikiSky.jpg Tucana Dwarf dE5 2.87 0.88[7] −9.16 15.7[1] Local Group[7] Isolated group member — a 'primordial' galaxy[59]
 98 Andromeda X.jpg Andromeda X dSph[8] 2.90 0.889 −8.1[60] 16.1[8] Local Group Satellite of Andromeda discovered 2006
 99 dSph[46] 2.93 0.898[46] −8.4[48] 16.3[48] Local Group Satellite of Andromeda 4,440 ly[48]
100 Pegasus Irregular Dwarf Galaxy.jpg Pegasus Dwarf Irregular (DDO 216) dIrr/dSph[8] 3.00[45] 0.92 −11.47[7] 13.21[8] Local Group Satellite of Andromeda
101 Andromeda XII dSph[46] 3.03 0.928[47] −7.0[48] 17.7[48] Local Group Satellite of Andromeda 2,740 ly
102 The WLM galaxy on the edge of the Local Group.jpg Wolf-Lundmark-Melotte (WLM, DDO 221) IB(s)m[8] 3.04 0.933[49] −14.06[49] 11.03[8] Local Group Isolated member at the edge of the local group 11,500 ly
103 Andromeda XIX[61] dSph[46] 3.04 0.933 −9.3 Local Group Satellite of Andromeda, spread over 1.7 kpc 2,200 ly
104 Aquariusdwarf.gif Aquarius Dwarf Galaxy (DDO 210) Im V 3.2[45] 0.98[49] −11.09[49] 14.0[8] Local Group Isolated group member
105 Andromeda XXII[58] dSph[46] 3.22 0.987 18.0 Local Group Satellite of Andromeda
106 SagDIG.jpg Sagittarius Dwarf Irregular Galaxy (SagDIG) IB(s)m V[8] 3.39 1.04[7] −11.49 15.5 Local Group[1] Isolated group member 3,000 ly
107 Andromeda XVIII.jpg Andromeda XVIII[61] dSph[46] 3.960 1.214[46] −9.2[48] 16.2[48] Local Group 1,700[48] ≈ 1,200 ly
108 UGC 4879.jpg UGC 4879 (VV124)[62] IAm 4.18 1.283 −11.5[49] 13.2 Local Group Isolated group member 3,000 ly
109 Antlia Dwarf PGC 29194 Hubble WikiSky.jpg Antlia Dwarf dE3.5[8] 4.28 1.31[49] −9.63[49] 16.19[1] Local Group[NB 3] May have interacted with NGC 3109[63] 3,000 ly
110 Sextans dwarf.jpg Sextans A (92205, DDO 75) IBm[8] 4.31[64] 1.32 −13.95[7] 11.86[8] Local Group[NB 3] Contains cluster of young hot blue stars 5,000 ly
111 NGC 3109 814 606.jpg NGC 3109 SB(s)m 4.338 1.35[63] −15.68[1] 10.39[1] Local Group[NB 3] Possibly spiral galaxy 25,000 ly
112 4.40 1.35[65] −9.7[65] 15.95[65][NB 1] Local Group Satellite of NGC 3109[65] 1,780 ly[65]
113 Sextans B Hubble WikiSky.jpg Sextans B (UGC 5373) IM IV-V[8] 4.44 1.37[49] −14.08[49] 11.85[8] Local Group[NB 3] One of the smallest galaxiess with planetary nebulae 6,000 ly
114 KKh 060 color cutout hst 11986 02 wfpc2 f814w f606w wf sci.jpg KKh 060 Irr 4.89 1.5[1] 18B[8]
115 () S.. 4.89 1.5[1] 15.7[8] between LG and M94 Pair?
116 Leo P color cutout hst 13376 08 acs wfc f814w f475w sci.jpg Leo P Irr 5.3 1.62[1] 18B[8] Local Group[NB 3]
117 dIrr 5.5 1.69[49] −12.60[49] 18B[8] Far below the SG plane Hidden by the Milky Way
118 IC 5152 HST.png IC 5152 IA(s)m[8] 5.87 1.74[49] −15.56[49] 11.06[8] Local Group ? Possible outlying member of Local Group 4,000 ly
119 View of the southern spiral NGC 300.jpg NGC 300 SA(s)d[8] 6.07 1.86[66] −17.92[1] 8.95[8] between LG and Sculptor Group Closest spiral galaxy to Local Group
forms pair with NGC 55 		94,000 ly
120 Color cutout hst 11986 07 wfpc2 f814w f606w wf sci KKR 25.jpg KKR 25 Irr 6.1 1.90[1] −9.94[49] 17.0[8] between LG and M81
121 Color cutout HST MOS 4488 ACS WFC F814W F606W sci ESO 410-G 005.jpg E3[8] 6.13 1.905[49] −11.60[49] 14.85[8] NGC 55 & 300 ≈ 2,500 ly
122 Color cutout hst 10503 07 acs wfc f814w f606w sci ESO 294-010.jpg dS0/Im[8] 6.36[66] 1.96[49] −10.95[49] 15.6[8] NGC 55 & 300
123 Irregular Galaxy NGC 55 (ESO 0914a).jpg NGC 55 SB(s)m[8] 6.5 2.00[49] −18.47[49] 8.84[1] between LG and Sculptor Group Forms pair with NGC 300 70,000 ly
124 KKs 3 dSph[67] 6.91 2.12[67] −12.3[67] 14.47[67] 4,900 ly[67]
125 PGC 166185.jpeg KKR 03 () dIrr 6.98 2.14[49] −9.8 17.90[8] Inner edge of M94 Group 980 ly
126 () IB(s)m pec:[8] 7.24 2.22[49] −12.92[49] 13.86[1] NGC 55 & 300
127 UGC 9128.jpg UGC 9128 (DDO 187) ImIV-V 7.3 2.24[49] −12.47[49] 14.38[8] Inner edge of M94 Group
128 Color cutout hst 08601 27 wfpc2 f814w f606w wf sci IC 3104.jpg IB(s)m 7.40 2.27[1] −14.85[49] 13.63[8] On the way to Circinus galaxy
129 Footprint galaxy.png GR 8 (DDO 155) ImV[8] 7.9 2.4[49] −12.14[49] 14.65[8] Inner edge of M94 Group "footprint galaxy"
130 Hst-IC4662.jpg IC 4662 (ESO 102-14) IBm 7.96 2.44[49] −15.56[49] 11.74[8] On the way to Circinus galaxy 7,000 ly
131 Color cutout hst 10915 0n acs wfc f814w f475w sci KKh 98.jpg Irr 7.99 2.45[1] −10.78[1] 16.7[8] IC 342/Maffei Group
133 Color cutout hst 11719 19 wfc3 ir f160w f110w sci UGC 8508.jpg () IAm 8.35[68] 2.69[49] −13.09[49] 14.40[8] M94 Group
134 Color cutout hst 11986 13 wfpc2 f814w f606w wf sci KKh 086.jpg Irr 8.51 2.60[49] −10.30[49] 16.8[8] Isolated (M94/Cent A)
135 Color cutout hst 11986 15 wfpc2 f814w f606w wf sci DDO 99.jpg () Im 8.61 2.64[1]–3.9[8] −13.52[49] 13.4[8] M94 Group
136 Color cutout hst 11986 11 wfpc2 f814w f606w wf sci DDO 125.jpg () Im 8.94 2.74[49] −14.32[49] 12.84[8] M94 Group
137 UGC 9240 galaxy HST.jpg UGC 9240 (DDO 190) IAm 9.10 2.80[49] −14.19[49] 13.25[8] M94 Group 15,000 ly
138 Dwingeloo 1 (WISE).png Dwingeloo 1 SB(s)cd 9.13 2.8[1] −18.78 19.8[8] IC 342/Maffei Group 35,000 ly
138 NGC 4190 hst 10905 R606GB450 hst 11012 R606.png Irr (BCD) 9.19[69] 2.82[69][NB 2] 13.50[69] Satellite of NGC 4214[69]
139 NGC 4214HSTFull.jpg NGC 4214 (UGC 7278) IAB(s)m 9.58 2.94[1] 10.24[8] M94 Group Starburst galaxy
140 UGCA 276 (or DDO 113) color cutout hst 10915 0r acs wfc f814w f475w sci.jpg () Im 9.62 2.95[70] 15.40[8] M94 Group
140 UGCA 133 (or DDO 44) color cutout hst 10915 0x acs wfc f814w f475w sci.jpg UGCA 133 (DDO 44) Im 9.65 2.96[71] −12.9[71] 15.54[8] M81 group Likely satellite of NGC 2403
141 NGC 4163 Hubble.jpg NGC 4163 (NGC 4167) dIrr 9.65 2.96[72] 14.5[8] M94 Group 4,000 ly
142 UGCA 86 color cutout hst 9771 14 acs wfc f814w f606w sci.jpg UGCA 86 SAB(s)m[73] 9.72 2.98[74] 13.5[8] IC 342/Maffei Group[73] Satellite of IC 342[74] 20,000 ly
180 NGC1560 - GALEX-WIKISKY.png NGC 1560 SA(s)d HII 9.75 2.99[1] −16.87[7] 12.16[8] IC 342/Maffei Group Satellite of IC 342[74]
143 MADCASH-2 (MADCASH J121007+352635-dw) dSph 9.78 3.00[75] −9.15[75] 18.24[NB 1] M94 Group Likely satellite of NGC 4214
143 Dwingeloo 2 Im? 9.78 3.0[1] −14.55[1] 20.5[8] IC 342/Maffei Group 20,000 ly
144 () dE/N 9.78 3.0[1] −13.35[7] 16.2[8] IC 342/Maffei Group
145 Irr 9.78 3.0[1] −13.03 17.8[8] IC 342/Maffei Group
146 MB 3 dSph 9.78 3.0[1] −13.65[7] 19.8[8] IC 342/Maffei Group 10,000 ly
147 () SAB(s)d? 9.78 3.0[1] −14.81[7] 20.5[8] IC 342/Maffei Group 5,000 ly
148 Maf1atlas.jpg Maffei 1 S0- pec 9.78 3.0[1] −18.97[7] 11.4[8] IC 342/Maffei Group 55,000 ly
149 Maf2atlas.jpg Maffei 2 SAB(rs)bc 9.8 3.005[1] −20.15[7] 14.77[8] IC 342/Maffei Group 60,000 ly
151 UGC 8651 color cutout hst 10210 04 acs wfc f814w f606w sci.jpg () Im 9.82 3.01[1] 14.7[8] M94 Group
152 Donatiello I TNG official (cropped).jpg Donatiello I dSph 9.88 3.04[72] [8] Possible satellite of NGC 404
152 NGC2403-Subaru-HST-L.jpg NGC 2403 SAB(s)cd HII 9.92 3.04[75] −19.29 8.93[8] Inner edge of M81 group 50,000 ly
153 NGC 404 Hubble.jpg NGC 404 SA(s)0-:[8] 10.00 3.08[49] −16.61[49] 11.21[8] 'Mirach's Ghost'
154 PGC 54392 (SDSS II).jpg [76] SAd: 10.1 3.09 11.7 Centaurus A/M83 Group
155 UGCA 292 color cutout hst 10915 0u acs wfc f814w f475w sci.jpg ImIV-V 10.11 3.1[1] 16.0[8] M94 Group
KKH 22 dSph 10.17 3.12[74] –12.19[74] 15.28[74] IC 342/Maffei Group Satellite of IC 342[74]
156 NGC 3741.png NGC 3741 ImIII/BCD 10.21[68] 3.13 14.3[8] M94 Group
157 Irr 10.31 3.16[1] −14.30 17.2[8] IC 342/Maffei Group Satellite of IC 342[74]
158 Im 10.31 3.16[77] 17.B[8] Aligned with IC 3104
159 NGC 2366HST.jpg NGC 2366 IB(s)m 10.40[68] 3.19 11.43[8] M81 group
170 Starburst in a Dwarf Irregular Galaxy.jpg NGC 1569 (UGC 3056) IBm;Sbrst[8] 10.40 3.19[74] −18.17[1] 11.86[8] IC 342/Maffei Group[73] Satellite of IC 342[74] 6,000 ly
161 Color cutout hst 11986 16 wfpc2 f814w f606w wf sci ESO 321-14.jpg [76] IBm[8] 10.40[76] 3.19 15.16[8] Centaurus A/M83 Group
162 UGC 8833 (HST).jpg Im 10.41 3.19[1] 16.5[8] M94 Group
PGC 621 Hubble-WikiSky.jpg Sculptor dIG (ESO 349-31) dIrr 10.44 3.2[78] −11.87 15.5[8] Sculptor Group Satellite of NGC 7793
163 UGC 4483 color cutout hst 08769 20 wfpc2 f814w f555w wf sci.jpg dIrr 10.47[68] 3.21 15.2[8] M81 group
150 Color cutout hst 9771 16 acs wfc f814w f606w sci UGCA 92.jpg Im?[8] 10.50 3.22[74] 13[8] IC 342/Maffei Group[73] Satellite of IC 342[74]
165 IC342 RGB2.jpg IC 342 SAB(rs)cd[8] 10.70 3.28[1] −20.69[1] 9.37[1] IC 342/Maffei Group "the hidden galaxy" 75,000 ly
166 (Cas 1, KK98 19) dIrr 10.76 3.3[1] −16.70 16.38[8] IC 342/Maffei Group
167 Irr 11.41 3.50[74] −11.85 16.1[8] IC 342/Maffei Group Satellite of IC 342[74]
168 Color cutout hst 10915 0z acs wfc f814w f475w sci DDO 006.jpg () IB(s)m 10.90 3.34[7] −12.50[7] 15.19[8] Sculptor group
169 A Peculiar Compact Blue Dwarf Galaxy.jpg NGC 5253 Im pec 10.90 3.53[7] 10.9 [8] Centaurus A/M83 Group Nearest Wolf-Rayet galaxy to us.
171 Hst 11719 38 wfc3 ir f160w f110w sci KKH 37.jpg () S/Irr 11.06 3.39[77] 16.4[8] IC 342/Maffei Group
164 Ugca105.jpg Im? 11.06 3.39[74] −16.81 13.9[8] IC 342/Maffei Group Satellite of IC 342[74]
172 Irregular galaxy Holmberg II (captured by the Hubble Space Telescope).tif Holmberg II (DDO 50, UGC 4305) Im 11.06[68] 3.39 11.1[8] M81 group
173 NGC 5102 2MASS.jpg NGC 5102 SA0- HII 11.09 3.40[1] −18.08.56 10.35[8] Centaurus A/M83 Group
174 Color cutout hst 9771 94 acs wfc f814w f606w sci NGC 5237.jpg I0?[8] 11.09 3.40;[76] 13.23[8] Centaurus A/M83 Group
175 Color cutout hst 11986 24 wfpc2 f814w f606w wf sci ESO 325-11.jpg 11.09 3.40;[76] 13.99[8] Centaurus A/M83 Group
176 ESO 540-030.jpg ESO 540-030 (KDG 2) IABm 11.10 3.40[7] −11.39 16.45[8] Sculptor group
177 Wide Field Imager view of the spiral galaxy NGC 247.jpg NGC 247 SAB(s)d 11.1 3.4[7] −20.00 9.9[8] Sculptor group
178 MADCASH-1 (MADCASH J074238+652501-dw) dSph 11.12 3.41[75] −7.81[75] 19.85[NB 1] M81 Group Likely satellite of NGC 2403
178 (FM 1, PGC 3097828) dSph[79] 11.15[68] 3.42 17.5[8] M81 group
179 Color cutout hst 10503 33 acs wfc f814w f606w sci ESO 540-32.jpg IAB(s)m pec: 11.15 3.42[7] −11.32[7] 16.55[8] Sculptor group
181 Color cutout hst 11986 04 wfpc2 f814w f606w wf sci ESO 383-87.jpg () SB(s)dm 11.3 3.45[76] −15.16[1] 11.03[8] Centaurus A/M83 Group
182 Color cutout hst 06814 01 wfpc2 f814w f555w f439w pc sci NGC 5206.jpg SB0 11.3 3.47;[76] Centaurus A/M83 Group
183 Color cutout hst 9884 01 acs wfc f814w f606w sci KK98 77.jpg dSph 11.35[68] 3.48 16.2[8] M81 group
184 Color cutout hst 11986 35 wfpc2 f814w f606w wf sci ESO 269-37.jpg () IABm: 11.4 3.48[76] Centaurus A/M83 Group
185 Sculptor Galaxy by VISTA.jpg Sculptor Galaxy
(NGC 253) 		SAB(s)c 11.40[68] 3.49 8.0[8] Sculptor group 90,000 ly
186 Color cutout hst 9884 05 acs wfc f814w f606w sci DDO 71.jpg (UGC 5428) Im 11.42[68] 3.50 18[8] M81 group
187 M82 HST ACS 2006-14-a-large web.jpg Messier 82 I0;Sbrst HII 11.42 3.53[7] −19.63[7] 9.30 [8] M81 group 37,000 ly, possibly up to 100,000 ly
188 () I? 11.58[68] 3.55 −11.49[7] 16.5[8] M81 group
189 NGC 2976SSTFull.jpg NGC 2976 SAc pec HII 11.61[68] 3.56 −17.1[7] 10.82[8] M81 group
11.61 3.56[74] IC 342/Maffei Group Satellite of IC 342[74]
190 UGC 4459.jpg () Im 11.61[68] 3.56 −13.37[7] 14.48 [8] M81 group
191 Phot-18b-99-hires.jpg NGC 4945 SB(s)cd:sp[8] 11.70[80] 3.59 −20.51[1] 9.3[8] Centaurus A/M83 Group
192 Messier 81 HST.jpg Messier 81 SA(s)ab, LINER 11.74[68] 3.62 6.94[8] M81 group Brightest galaxy in M81 Group 90,000 ly
193 12.3 3.77[81] −11.15[81] Centaurus A/M83 Group
194 Starburst in NGC 4449 (captured by the Hubble Space Telescope).jpg NGC 4449 IBm 12.00[68] 3.71 10.00[8] M94 group 18,000 ly
195 dSph[82] 12.30 3.77[82] −11.7[82] Centaurus A/M83 Group In Centaurus A Group; contains a ring of Hα emission
196 ESO Centaurus A LABOCA.jpg Centaurus A S0 pec 12.01[68] 3.8 6.84[8] Centaurus A/M83 Group Brightest galaxy in Centaurus A Group and brightest and nearest radio galaxy 60,000 ly
#   Galaxy Type Dist from Earth Magnitude Group
Membership 		Notes
Mly Mpc M m

See also[]

Notes[]

  1. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae Calculated from the distance modulus () and the absolute magnitude ()
  2. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g Calculated from the distance modulus () using the formula
  3. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e Galaxies of small Antlia-Sextans Group, which is considered as part of Local Group, but membership of it is uncertain.

References[]

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  2. ^ Jump up to: a b Earth is 8,122 ± 31 parsecs (26,490 ± 100 ly) or 0.0265 million light years from the galactic center (the center of the Milky Way). The distance of Earth from the galaxy which contains it is of course "zero"
  3. ^ "Astronomers find nearest galaxy to the Milky Way" (Press release). University of Strasbourg. 4 November 2003. Archived from the original on 2008-05-27.
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  9. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e Koposov, Sergey E.; Walker, Matthew G.; Belokurov, Vasily; Casey, Andrew R.; Geringer-Sameth, Alex; MacKey, Dougal; Da Costa, Gary; Erkal, Denis; Jethwa, Prashin; Mateo, Mario; Olszewski, Edward W.; Bailey, John I. (2018). "Snake in the Clouds: A new nearby dwarf galaxy in the Magellanic bridge". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 479 (4): 5343. arXiv:1804.06430. Bibcode:2018MNRAS.479.5343K. doi:10.1093/mnras/sty1772.
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  11. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Kallivayalil, Nitya; Sales, Laura V.; Zivick, Paul; Fritz, Tobias K.; Del Pino, Andrés; Sohn, Sangmo Tony; Besla, Gurtina; Van Der Marel, Roeland P.; Navarro, Julio F.; Sacchi, Elena (2018). "The Missing Satellites of the Magellanic Clouds? Gaia Proper Motions of the Recently Discovered Ultra-faint Galaxies". The Astrophysical Journal. 867 (1): 19. arXiv:1805.01448. Bibcode:2018ApJ...867...19K. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aadfee.
  12. ^ Jump up to: a b Belokurov, V.; Walker, M.G.; Evans, N.W.; et al. (2009). "Segue 2: A Prototype of the Population of Satellites of Satellites". Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 397 (4): 1748–1755. arXiv:0903.0818. Bibcode:2009MNRAS.397.1748B. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15106.x.
  13. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e Martin, Nicolas F.; de Jong, Jelte T. A.; Rix, Hans-Walter (September 2008). "A Comprehensive Maximum Likelihood Analysis of the Structural Properties of Faint Milky Way Satellites". The Astrophysical Journal. 684 (2): 1075–1092. arXiv:0805.2945. Bibcode:2008ApJ...684.1075M. doi:10.1086/590336.
  14. ^ Jump up to: a b Musella, Ilaria; Ripepi, Vincenzo; Clementini, Gisella; et al. (2009). "Pulsating Variable Stars in the Coma Berenices Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 695 (1): L83–1L87. arXiv:0902.4230. Bibcode:2009ApJ...695L..83M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/695/1/L83.
  15. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e Drlica-Wagner, A.; Bechtol, K.; Allam, S.; Tucker, D. L.; Gruendl, R. A.; Johnson, M. D.; Walker, A. R.; James, D. J.; Nidever, D. L.; Olsen, K. A. G.; Wechsler, R. H.; Cioni, M. R. L.; Conn, B. C.; Kuehn, K.; Li, T. S.; Mao, Y. -Y.; Martin, N. F.; Neilsen, E.; Noel, N. E. D.; Pieres, A.; Simon, J. D.; Stringfellow, G. S.; Van Der Marel, R. P.; Yanny, B. (2016). "An Ultra-faint Galaxy Candidate Discovered in Early Data from the Magellanic Satellites Survey". The Astrophysical Journal. 833 (1): L5. arXiv:1609.02148. Bibcode:2016ApJ...833L...5D. doi:10.3847/2041-8205/833/1/L5.
  16. ^ Grillmair, C.J. (2009). "Four New Stellar Debris Streams in the Galactic Halo". The Astrophysical Journal. 693 (2): 1118–1127. arXiv:0811.3965. Bibcode:2009ApJ...693.1118G. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/693/2/1118.
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  18. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f Martínez-Vázquez, C. E.; Vivas, A. K.; Gurevich, M.; Walker, A. R.; McCarthy, M.; Pace, A. B.; Stringer, K. M.; Santiago, B.; Hounsell, R.; Macri, L.; Li, T. S.; Bechtol, K.; Riley, A. H.; Kim, A. G.; Simon, J. D.; Drlica-Wagner, A.; Nadler, E. O.; Marshall, J. L.; Annis, J.; Avila, S.; Bertin, E.; Brooks, D.; Buckley-Geer, E.; Burke, D. L.; Rosell, A Carnero; Kind, M Carrasco; Da Costa, L. N.; De Vicente, J.; Desai, S.; et al. (2019). "Search for RR Lyrae stars in DES ultra-faint systems: Grus I, Kim 2, Phoenix II, and Grus II". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 490 (2): 2183. arXiv:1909.06308. Bibcode:2019MNRAS.490.2183M. doi:10.1093/mnras/stz2609.
  19. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g Walker, Matthew G.; Mateo, Mario; Olszewski, Edward W.; Koposov, Sergey; Belokurov, Vasily; Jethwa, Prashin; Nidever, David L.; Bonnivard, Vincent; Iii, John I. Bailey; Bell, Eric F.; Loebman, Sarah R. (2016). "Magellan/M2FS Spectroscopy of Tucana 2 and Grus 1". The Astrophysical Journal. 819 (1): 53. arXiv:1511.06296. Bibcode:2016ApJ...819...53W. doi:10.3847/0004-637X/819/1/53.
  20. ^ Belokurov, 2006 A Faint New Milky Way Satellite in Bootes
  21. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e Longeard, Nicolas; Martin, Nicolas; Starkenburg, Else; Ibata, Rodrigo A.; Collins, Michelle L M.; Laevens, Benjamin P M.; MacKey, Dougal; Rich, R Michael; Aguado, David S.; Arentsen, Anke; Jablonka, Pascale; González Hernández, Jonay I.; Navarro, Julio F.; Sánchez-Janssen, Rubén (2020). "The Pristine Dwarf-Galaxy survey – II. In-depth observational study of the faint Milky Way satellite Sagittarius II". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 491 (1): 356–377. arXiv:1902.02780. Bibcode:2020MNRAS.491..356L. doi:10.1093/mnras/stz2854.
  22. ^ Muñoz, Ricardo R.; Côté, Patrick; Santana, Felipe A.; Geha, Marla; Simon, Joshua D.; Oyarzún, Grecco A.; Stetson, Peter B.; Djorgovski, S. G. (2018). "A MegaCam Survey of Outer Halo Satellites. III. Photometric and Structural Parameters". The Astrophysical Journal. 860 (1): 66. Bibcode:2018ApJ...860...66M. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aac16b.
  23. ^ Jump up to: a b Koposov, Sergey E.; Casey, Andrew R.; Belokurov, Vasily; Lewis, James R.; Gilmore, Gerard; Worley, Clare; Hourihane, Anna; Randich, S.; Bensby, T.; Bragaglia, A.; Bergemann, M.; Carraro, G.; Costado, M. T.; Flaccomio, E.; Francois, P.; Heiter, U.; Hill, V.; Jofre, P.; Lando, C.; Lanzafame, A. C.; Laverny, P. de; Monaco, L.; Morbidelli, L.; Sbordone, L.; Mikolaitis, Š.; Ryde, N. (2015). "Kinematics and Chemistry of Recently Discovered Reticulum 2 and Horologium 1 Dwarf Galaxies". The Astrophysical Journal. 811 (1): 62. arXiv:1504.07916. Bibcode:2015ApJ...811...62K. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/811/1/62.
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  29. ^ Jump up to: a b c d Koposov, Sergey E.; Belokurov, Vasily; Torrealba, Gabriel; Evans, N. Wyn (2015). "Beasts of the Southern Wild: Discovery of Nine Ultra Faint Satellites in the Vicinity of the Magellanic Clouds". The Astrophysical Journal. 805 (2): 130. arXiv:1503.02079. Bibcode:2015ApJ...805..130K. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/805/2/130.
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  31. ^ Jump up to: a b c Vivas, A. Katherina; Olsen, Knut; Blum, Robert; Nidever, David L.; Walker, Alistair R.; Martin, Nicolas F.; Besla, Gurtina; Gallart, Carme; Van Der Marel, Roeland P.; Majewski, Steven R.; Kaleida, Catherine C.; Muñoz, Ricardo R.; Saha, Abhijit; Conn, Blair C.; Jin, Shoko (2016). "Variable Stars in the Field of the Hydra II Ultra-faint Dwarf Galaxy". The Astronomical Journal. 151 (5): 118. arXiv:1510.05539. Bibcode:2016AJ....151..118V. doi:10.3847/0004-6256/151/5/118.
  32. ^ Jump up to: a b Sand, David J.; Seth, Anil; Olszewski, Edward W.; et al. (2010). "A Deeper Look at Leo IV: Star Formation History and Extended Structure". The Astrophysical Journal. 718 (1): 530–42. arXiv:0911.5352. Bibcode:2010ApJ...718..530S. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/718/1/530.
  33. ^ Jump up to: a b de Jong, J. T. A.; Martin, N. F.; Rix, H. W.; Smith, K. W.; Jin, S.; Macciò, A. V. (2010). "The Enigmatic Pair of Dwarf Galaxies Leo Iv and Leo V: Coincidence or Common Origin?". The Astrophysical Journal. 710 (2): 1664–1671. arXiv:0912.3251. Bibcode:2010ApJ...710.1664D. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/710/2/1664.
  34. ^ Jump up to: a b c Sand, David J; Strader, Jay; Willman, Beth; Zaritsky, Dennis; McLeod, Brian; Caldwell, Nelson; Seth, Anil; Olszewski, Edward (2012). "Tidal Signatures in the Faintest Milky Way Satellites: The Detailed Properties of Leo V, Pisces II, and Canes Venatici II". The Astrophysical Journal. 756 (1): 79. arXiv:1111.6608. Bibcode:2012ApJ...756...79S. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/756/1/79.
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