List of philosophers born in the 1st through 10th centuries

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Philosophers born in the 1st through 10th centuries (and others important in the history of philosophy), listed alphabetically:

Note: This list has a minimal criterion for inclusion and the relevance to philosophy of some individuals on the list is disputed.

A[]

  • Abbo of Fleury, (c. 950 – 1004)[b]
  • Abd al-Jabbar ibn Ahmad, (c. 935 – 1025)[b]
  • , (died 933)[b]
  • Abhinavagupta, (fl. c. 975 – 1025)[e]
  • Abū Ḥanīfa, (c. 699 – 767)[b]
  • , (c. 750 – 840/850)[b]
  • Abu Ma'shar al-Balkhi, (787 – 886)[b]
  • , (died 979)[b]
  • Abu Tammam, (859 – 937/947)[b]
  • Abu Zayd al-Balkhi, (c. 850 – 934)[b]
  • Adi Shankara, (c. 788 – 820)[b]
  • Aedesius, (died 355)
  • Agrippa the Sceptic, (1st/2nd century)[e]
  • Albinus, (c. 130)
  • Alcinous, (2nd century)[e]
  • Alcuin, (c. 740 – 804)[b]
  • Alexander of Aphrodisias, (2nd century)[a][e][f]
  • Alhazen (or Ibn al-Haytham), (965 – c. 1040)[b]
  • Ali ibn Abbas al-Majusi, (died c. 982)[b]
  • Abū al-ʿAlāʾ al-Maʿarrī (December 973 – May 1057 CE)
  • Ambrose, (c. 340 – 397)[a]
  • Abu'l Hasan Muhammad Ibn Yusuf al-'Amiri, (died 992)[e][b]
  • Ammonius Hermiae, (5th century)[e][f]
  • Ammonius Saccas, (3rd century)[a]
  • Anandavardhana, (820 – 890)
  • Apollonius of Tyana, (2 – 98)
  • Apuleius, (c. 123 – c. 180)[e]
  • Aristides, (fl. 2nd century)
  • Arius, (256 – 336)
  • Al-Ash'ari, (874 – 936)[b]
  • Asanga, (c. 4th century)
  • Aspasius, (c. 100 – 150)
  • Athanasius of Alexandria, (298 – 373)[a]
  • Augustine of Hippo, (354 – 430)[a][c][d][e][f]
  • Marcus Aurelius, (121 – 180)[a][c][d][e]
  • Avicenna (or Ibn Sina), (980 – 1037)[a][b][c][d][e]

B[]

  • Al-Baqillani (died 1013)[b]
  • Basilides, (c. 117 – 138)[a]
  • Bede (672/3–735)[b]
  • Bhartrhari, (5th century)[e]
  • Bodhidharma, (c. 440 – 528)
  • Anicius Manlius Severinus Boethius, (480 – 524 or 525)[a][c][d][e][f]
  • Buddhaghosa, (5th century)[a]
  • Burchard of Worms (c. 950 – 1025)[b]

C[]

  • Calcidius, (4th century)[e]
  • Candidus Wizo, (fl. 793 – 803)[b]
  • Candrakirti, (born c. 600)
  • Cebes of Cyzicus, (2nd century)
  • Celsus of Alexandria, (2nd century)[a][e]
  • Candrakirti, (7th century)
  • Cheng Hsuan (or Zheng Xuan), (127 – 200)[e]
  • Chih Tun (or Zhi Dun), (314 – 366)[e]
  • Chrysanthius, (4th century)
  • Clement of Alexandria, (2nd – 3rd century)[a][e]
  • Cleomedes, (2nd century)[e]
  • Cyril of Alexandria, (376 – 444)

D[]

  • Damascius, (c. 462 – 540)[a][e]
  • David the Invincible, (late 6th century)[f]
  • David ibn Merwan al-Mukkamas, (9th century)[b]
  • Dawud ibn Khalaf, (815/8 – 874)[b]
  • Demetrius the Cynic, (1st century)
  • Dharmakirti, (c. 7th century)[a][e]
  • Dignaga, (c. 480 – c. 540)[e]
  • Diogenes Laërtius, (3rd century)[c][d][e]
  • Diogenes of Oenoanda, (2nd century)[e]
  • , (c. 728 – 815)[b]
  • Dunash ibn Tamim, (10th century)[b]

E[]

  • Elias, (6th century)[f]
  • Epictetus, (55 – c. 135)[c][d][e][f]*
  • Johannes Scotus Eriugena, (c. 800 – c. 880)[a][b][c][d][e][f]
  • Eusebius of Caesarea, (264–339)[e]

F[]

  • Al-Farabi, (870 – 950)[a][b][c][d][e]
  • Favorinus, (c. 80 – c. 150)
  • Fazang (or Fa-Tsang), (643 – 712)[e]
  • Fridugisus, (9th century)[b]
  • Fulbert of Chartres, (c. 960 – 1028)[b]

G[]

  • Gaius Musonius Rufus, (110 – 180)[e]
  • Galen, (131 – 201)[a][c][d][e]
  • Gaudapadacharya, (c. 7th century)
  • Gerbert of Aurillac (or Pope Silvester II), (c. 950 – 1003)[e]
  • Gottschalk of Orbais, (c. 805 – 868)[b]
  • Pope Gregory I, (540 – 604)[a][c][d]
  • Gregory of Nyssa, (c. 335 – 398)[a]

H[]

  • Han Yu, (768 – 824)[a][e]
  • Heiric of Auxerre, (841 – 876/7)[b]
  • Hierocles the Stoic, (2nd century)[e]
  • Himerius, (315 – 386)
  • Hincmar, (806 – 882)[b]
  • Ho Yen, (190 – 249)[a]
  • Hsi K'ang, (223 – 262)[a]
  • Hunayn ibn Ishaq, (808 – 877)[b]
  • Hypatia of Alexandria, (370 – 415)[a][e]

I[]

  • Iamblichus, (c. 245 – c. 325)[e]
  • Yahya ibn Adi, (893 – 974)[e]
  • Ibn ar-Rawandi, (c. 910)[e]
  • Ibn Furak, (c. 941 – 1015)[b]
  • Ahmad ibn Hanbal, (780–855)[b]
  • Ibn Hazm, (994 – 1069)[b][e]
  • Ibn al-Khammar, (942 – c. 1030)[b]
  • Ibn Masarra, (883 – 931)[b][e]
  • Ibn Miskawayh, (940 – 1030)[a][b][e]
  • Abd-Allāh Ibn al-Muqaffaʿ, (c. 720 – c. 756)[b]
  • Ibn al-Rawandi, (died c. 910)[b]
  • Ibn al-Tayyib, (died 1043)[b]
  • Ikhwan al-Safa', (10th century)[b]
  • , (943 – 1008)[b]
  • Issac Ben Solomon Israeli, (c. 850 – 950)[b][e][f]*
  • Isidore of Seville, (c. 560 – 636)[b]
  • Isvarakrsna, (5th century)

J[]

  • Jābir ibn Hayyān, (died c. 806–816)
  • Jahm bin Safwan, (died 746)[b]
  • Jayanta Bhatta, (c. 9th century)
  • John of Damascus, (c. 676 – 749)[a][e]
  • Juan Chi, (210 – 263)[a]
  • Justinian I, (483 – 565)[e]

K[]

  • Abd al-Masih ibn Ishaq al-Kindi, (9th/10th century)[b]
  • Al-Kindi, (801 – 873)[a][b][c][d][e][f]*
  • Hamid al-Din al-Kirmani, (died c. 1021)[b]
  • Ko Hung, (4th century)[a]
  • Kūkai, (774 – 835)[c][d][e]
  • Kumārila Bhaṭṭa, (c. 7th century)
  • Kundakunda, (c. 2nd century)
  • Kuo Hsiang (or Guoxiang), (c. 312)[a]

L[]

  • Li Ao, (722 – 841)[a]
  • Linji Yixuan (or Lin Chi), (c. 810 – 867)[e]
  • Longinus, (1st century)[a]
  • Cassius Dionysius Longinus, (213 – 273)
  • Lucian, (c. 120 – c. 180)[e]
  • Lucius Annaeus Cornutus, (1st century)

M[]

  • Macrobius Ambrosius Theodosius, (fl. c. 430)
  • Gaius Marius Victorinus, (4th century)[e]
  • Abu Mansur Maturidi (before 973 – c. 944)[b]
  • Al-Mawardi, (974 – 1058)[b]
  • Mazdak, (died c. 526)
  • Miskawayh, (c. 932 – 1030)[b]
  • David Ibn Merwan Al-Mukammas (or Daud Ibn Marwan al-Muqammas or David ha-Bavli), (died 937)[e]
  • Musonius Rufus, (1st century)[e]

N[]

  • Nagarjuna, (c. 200)[a][c][d][e]
  • (died 943)[b]
  • Ibrahim an-Nazzam (died 835/45)[b]
  • Nemesius of Emesa, (fl. c. 400)[a][e]
  • Numenius of Apamea, (2nd century)[a][e]

O[]

  • Olympiodorus the Younger, (495 – 570)[f]*
  • Origen of Alexandria, (c. 182 – c. 251)[a][e]

P[]

  • Pelagius, (c. 360 – c. 435)[c][d]
  • Peter the Iberian, (411 – 491)
  • Peter of Pisa, (744 – 799)[b]
  • Joannes Philoponus, (early 6th century)[a][c][d][e][f]
  • Philostratus, (2nd – 3rd centuries)
  • Photios I of Constantinople, (c. 810 – c. 893)[b]78
  • Plotinus, (died 270)[a][c][d][e][f]
  • Mestrius Plutarch of Chaeronia, (c. 45 – c. 120)[e]
  • Porphyry, (c. 232 – c. 304)[a][c][d][e][f]
  • Prabhākara, (c. 7th century)
  • Proclus, (412 – 487)[c][d][e]
  • Prudentius of Troyes, (died 861)[b]
  • Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite, (5th century)[e][f]
  • Ptolemy, (c. 85 – c. 165)[e]

Q[]

R[]

  • Rabanus Maurus (or Hrabanus Maurus), (c. 783 – 856)[b]
  • Ratramnus, (died c. 868)[b]
  • Abu Bakr Muhammad ibn Zakariya al-Razi (or Rhazes), (865–925)[a][b][e]
  • Abu Hatim al-Razi, (died c. 934)[b]
  • Remigius of Auxerre, (c. 841 – 908)[b]

S[]

  • Saadia Gaon, (892 – 942)[a][b][c][d][e][f]
  • Ahmad ibn al-Tayyib al-Sarakhsi, (c. 835 – 899)[b]
  • Sedulius Scottus, (fl. 840s – 860s)[b]
  • Sengzhao, (384 – 414)[e]
  • Sextus Empiricus, (2nd/3rd century)[a][c][d][e]
  • Muhammad ibn Idris ash-Shafi`i, (767 – 819)[b]
  • Sibawayh, (c. 760 – c. 796)[b]
  • Siddhasena Divākara, (5th century)
  • Adi Shankara, (788 – 820)[a][c][d][e]
  • Abu Sulayman Muhammad al-Sijistani, (c. 932 – c. 1000)[b][e]
  • Abu Yaqub al-Sijistani, (10th century)[b]
  • Simplicius of Cilicia, (early 6th century)[a][e][f]*
  • Syrianus, (5th century)[f]*

T[]

  • Abu Hayyan al-Tawhidi, (c. 930 – 1023)[b][e]
  • Tertullian, (c. 160 – c. 220)[a][e]
  • Thābit ibn Qurra, (c. 830 – 901)[b]
  • Themistius, (317 – 387)[e]
  • Theodore Abu-Qurrah, (c. 750 – c. 816)[b]

U[]

  • Udayana, (c. 10th century)
  • Uddyotakara, (6th century)[e]
  • Uisang, (625 – 702)[e]
  • Umāsvāti or Umasvami, (c. 2nd century)

V[]

  • Vācaspati Miśra (c. 9th century)
  • Valentinius (or Valentinus), (c. 100 – c. 153)[a]
  • Valluvar (undated; probably c. 300 BCE to 400 CE)
  • Vasubandhu, (4th century)[a][e]
  • Vasugupta, (860 – 925)
  • Vatsyayana, (5th century)[e]

W[]

  • Walafrid Strabo, (c. 808 – 849)[b]
  • Wang Bi, (226 – 249)[a]
  • Wang Ch'ung, (27–97)[a][e]
  • Wasil ibn Ata, (700 – 748)[b]
  • Wonchuk, (613 – 696)[e]
  • Wonhyo Daisa, (617 – 686)[e]

X[]

Y[]

  • , (893 – 974)[b]

Z[]

  • Zhiyi, (538 – 597)[e]
  • Zongmi, (780 – 841)[e]

See also[]

Notes[]

  1. The Cambridge Dictionary of Philosophy, (Second Edition). Cambridge University Press; 1999. ISBN 0-521-63722-8
  2. 'Biographies of Medieval Authors', Appendix C of The Cambridge History of Medieval Philosophy, ed. Robert Passnau, Vol. 2., Cambridge, 2010, pp.833-996. ISBN 978-0-521-76218-2
  3. The Oxford Companion to Philosophy. Oxford University Press; 1995. ISBN 0-19-866132-0
  4. The Oxford Companion to Philosophy. Oxford University Press; 2005. ISBN 0-19-926479-1
  5. Concise Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Routledge; 2000. ISBN 0-415-22364-4
  6. Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
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