List of presidents of Russia

This is a list of presidents of the Russian Federation after 1991.The institution of presidency in Russia was planned in 1918 after the February Revolution and was introduced after the referendum in 1991. During the Soviet period of history Russia was de-jure headed by collective bodies such as All-Russian Central Executive Committee and the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet, since the Soviet theory of government denied the very necessity of the presidential office.The office of the President of the Soviet Union was introduced in 1990 during Mikhail Gorbachev's unsuccessful reforms of the Soviet Union's one-party communist state. Gorbachev became first and last president of the Union. His tenure was marked by the legal and political confrontation with Russia and other republics of the USSR which eventually led to their full independence in late 1991.

Presidents[]

Presi- dency		President	Term of office	Term	Previous office
Nonpartisan (2) United Russia (2)
	1	Boris Yeltsin Борис Ельцин 1931–2007 (aged 76)	10 July 1991^{[note 1]} – 31 December 1999 (resigned from office) (8 years, 174 days)	1 (1991) ^{[note 2]}	Chairman of the Supreme Soviet of Russia (1990–1991)	I. Silayev
						Himself
						V. Chernomyrdin
				2 (1996)		V. Chernomyrdin
						S. Kiriyenko
						Y. Primakov
						S. Stepashin
						V. Putin
	2	Vladimir Putin Владимир Путин Born 1952 (age 69)	7 May 2000 – 7 May 2008 (acting from 31 December 1999) (8 years, 128 days)	1 (2000)	Prime Minister of Russia (1999–2000)	Himself
						M. Kasyanov
						M. Fradkov
				2 (2004)		M. Fradkov
				2 (2004)		V. Zubkov
	3	Dmitry Medvedev Дмитрий Медведев Born 1965 (age 56)	7 May 2008 – 7 May 2012 (4 years, 0 days)	1 (2008)	First Deputy Prime Minister of Russia (2005–2008)	V. Putin
	4	Vladimir Putin Владимир Путин Born 1952 (age 69)	7 May 2012 – Incumbent (term expires 7 May 2024) (9 years, 235 days)	3 (2012)	Prime Minister of Russia (2008–2012)	D. Medvedev
				4 (2018)		D. Medvedev
				4 (2018)		M. Mishustin

Acting presidents[]

	Acting President	Term of office	Main post	Notes
Nonpartisan NDR Unity
	Alexander Rutskoy Александр Руцкой Born 1947 (age 74)	22 September 1993 – 4 October 1993	Vice President	Acting president during the 1993 constitutional crisis. His powers were not recognized by Boris Yeltsin.
	Viktor Chernomyrdin Виктор Черномырдин 1938–2010 (aged 72)	5 November 1996 – 6 November 1996	Prime Minister	Acting president during Boris Yeltsin's heart surgery.
	Vladimir Putin Владимир Путин Born 1952 (age 69)	31 December 1999 – 7 May 2000	Prime Minister	Acting president after Yeltsin's early resignation.

Timeline[]

Subsequent public service[]

Two presidents held other high offices after leaving the presidency.

President	Presidency	Subsequent service
Vladimir Putin	2000–2008	Prime Minister (2008–2012)
Vladimir Putin	2000–2008	President (2012–present)
Dmitry Medvedev	2008–2012	Prime Minister (2012–2020)
Dmitry Medvedev	2008–2012	Deputy Chairman of the Security Council (2020–present)

Notes[]

^ As president of the Russian SFSR as part of the Soviet Union.
^ Continued to serve his first term until 1996 despite adopting a new constitution after a military conflict with the parliament in 1993.

References[]

External links[]

Central Bank of Russia
Energy Statistics for Russia – From the Energy Information Administration
Federative Council—Official site of the parliamentary upper house
Russian News Agency Ria Novosti

[1] As president of the Russian SFSR as part of the Soviet Union.

[2] Continued to serve his first term until 1996 despite adopting a new constitution after a military conflict with the parliament in 1993.

[note 1]

[note 2]

v t Presidents of the Russian Federation
Presidents	Boris Yeltsin Vladimir Putin Dmitry Medvedev Vladimir Putin
Acting Presidents	Alexander Rutskoy Viktor Chernomyrdin Vladimir Putin