List of terrorist incidents in 1975

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is a timeline of incidents in 1975 that have been labelled as "terrorism" and are not believed to have been carried out by a government or its forces (see state terrorism and state-sponsored terrorism).

Guidelines[]

  • To be included, entries must be notable (have a stand-alone article) and described by a consensus of reliable sources as "terrorism".
  • List entries must comply with the guidelines outlined in the manual of style under MOS:TERRORIST.
  • Casualties figures in this list are the total casualties of the incident including immediate casualties and later casualties (such as people who succumbed to their wounds long after the attacks occurred).
  • Casualties listed are the victims. Perpetrator casualties are listed separately (e.g. x (+y) indicate that x victims and y perpetrators were killed/injured).
  • Casualty totals may be underestimated or unavailable due to a lack of information. A figure with a plus (+) sign indicates that at least that many people have died (e.g. 10+ indicates that at least 10 people have died) – the actual toll could be considerably higher. A figure with a plus (+) sign may also indicate that over that number of people are victims.
  • If casualty figures are 20 or more, they will be shown in bold. In addition, figures for casualties more than 50 will also be underlined.
  • Incidents are limited to one per location per day. If multiple attacks occur in the same place on the same day, they will be merged into a single incident.
  • In addition to the guidelines above, the table also includes the following categories:
  0 people were killed/injured by the incident.
  1–19 people were killed/injured by the incident.
  20–49 people were killed/injured by the incident.
  50–99 people were killed/injured by the incident.
  100+ people were killed/injured by the incident.

List[]

Date Type Dead Injured Location Details Perpetrator Part of
January 13, 19 RPG attacks, shooting, hostage-taking 0 23 Paris, France El Al aircraft at Paris-Orly Airport, France were subject to attempted RPG attacks by Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP) terrorists led by Carlos the Jackal. While the intended attacks failed, collateral damage was suffered, and the second attack resulted in gunfighting and a seventeen-hour hostage situation.[1][2] PFLP Israeli–Palestinian conflict
January 19 Shooting 0 12 London, United Kingdom The IRA attacked two hotels in London. They fired shots into the Carlton Tower Hotel and later the . 12 people were injured in total from both attacks.[3][4] Provisional IRA's Balcombe Street Gang
PIRA 		The Troubles
January 23 Bombing 0 3 London, United Kingdom A bomb planted at a pumping station in North London injured three people.[3] Provisional IRA's Balcombe Street Gang
PIRA 		The Troubles
January 24 Bombing 4 53 New York City, United States At 1:29 p.m., a bomb explodes at the historic Fraunces Tavern at the corner of Pearl and Broad streets in the Financial District, Manhattan. The Puerto Rican nationalist group Fuerzas Armadas de Liberación Nacional Puertorriqueña (FALN) claimed responsibility in message found in a nearby telephone booth. Four people were killed (three of them immediately and a fourth at a hospital) and 53 others were injured.[5][6] FALN
January 28 Bombings 0 0 Washington, D.C. and Oakland, California, United States A bomb explodes at the Vietnam section of the U.S. Agency for International Development in Washington, D.C. A second bomb was planted at the Department of Defense Supply Agency building in Oakland, California, but fails to detonate. The extremist Weather Underground group was responsible for both attacks.[7][8] Weather Underground
January 31 Kidnapping 0 1 Cali, Colombia FARC guerrillas kidnap Dutch consul in Cali, Erick Leupin.[9] FARC Colombian Conflict
February 26 Shooting 1 0 London, United Kingdom Police Constable Stephen Tibble, 22, of the London Metropolitan Police Service, was fatally shot three times at point-blank range by Liam Quinn, a Provisional Irish Republican Army gunman escaping from an IRA bomb factory in Baron's Court, West London. Quinn fled to San Francisco and was extradited to face trial in Britain thirteen years later. Sentenced to life with a recommended minimum sentence of 30 years in 1988, Quinn was freed in April 1999 under the Good Friday Agreement.[10] Liam Quinn
PIRA 		The Troubles
March 1 Bombing 26 60 Nairobi, Kenya An explosion aboard a Nairobi–Mombasa regular route bus in Nairobi kills 26 and injures another 60.[11] The Kenyan People Liberation Front claimed responsibility for the blast [cite?]. Kenyan People Liberation Front
March 2 Bombings 0 0 Toulouse and Lyon, France Air Algérie's offices in Toulouse and Lyons were bombed by the Charles Martel Group. No one was killed or injured in either attack.[12] Charles Martel Group
March 3 Plot 0 0 Netherlands Two Moluccans were arrested after weapons were found to be hidden in their car during traffic stop. It was later discovered that they had intended to kidnap Queen Juliana of the Netherlands. Moluccan freedom fighters
March 4–5 Shooting, hostage-taking 11 (+7) Tel Aviv, Israel In the Savoy Operation, Palestine Liberation Organization gunmen from Lebanon take dozens of hostages at the Tel Aviv Savoy Hotel, eventually killing eight hostages and three IDF soldiers, and wounding eleven hostages.[13] PLO Israeli–Palestinian conflict
April 10 Attack 2 Unknown Caquetá, Colombia Nearly 50 guerrillas assault the population of Puerto Rico (Caqueta). Two policemen die.[14] FARC Colombian conflict
April 19 Bombing 0 5+ New York City, United States FALN sets off four bombs within a forty-minute period in Manhattan, New York, injuring at least five people. FALN
April 24 Hostage-taking 2 (+2) 10 (+4) Stockholm, Sweden West German embassy siege: In Stockholm, Sweden, six Red Army Faction (Baader-Meinhof) terrorists hold 11 people (including the German ambassador to Sweden) hostage for almost 12 hours in the West German embassy. During the siege, two of the hostages (military attaché Colonel Andreas von Mirbach and economics attaché Heinz Hallagaart) were killed by faction members. Shortly before midnight on April 24, dynamite exploded and set the building on fire. The German ambassador and the other nine hostages escaped from the embassy, mostly with only light injuries.[15] Red Army Faction
April 29 Hostage-taking, siege, shooting 4 82 Johannesburg, South Africa David Protter, a South African Jew, seized about 20-30 hostages at the Israeli Consulate General where he worked as a security officer. After killing two consulate employees Protter opened fire on pedestrians and motorists in Fox and Von Brandis Streets, killing 2 and wounding 82. He surrendered to police early the next morning (30 April). David Protter
May 28 Shooting, Clash 0 (+2) 1 (+3) Tucumán, Argentina Part of Operativo Independencia: An armed confrontation between members of the People's Revolutionary Army (ERP) and the Argentine Army in Manchalá, near the Tucumán town of Rio Colorado. The fact marks a turning point in favor of the Army, that happened to an offensive action. Most of the combat data are collected by the repressor . ERP Dirty War
June 1 Hostage-taking 3 (+4) Kfar Yuval, Israel Kfar Yuval hostage crisis Arab Liberation Front Israeli–Palestinian conflict
July 4 Bombing 15 77 Jerusalem A bomb detonates in Zion Square killing 13 people and wounding 72.[16] The Israeli Ministry of Foreign Affairs states the death toll at 14 with 80 injured.[17] PLO Israeli–Palestinian conflict
July 14-August Shooting 2 1 Spain A FRAP command kills a member of the Armed Police. Shortly afterwards another police officer is seriously injured and in August members of the FRAP assassinate a lieutenant of the Civil Guard.[18] FRAP
July 26 Shooting 10 Unknown Boyacá, Colombia Members of the FARC attack a column of civilians at the site known as Guaduas Negras in rural Otanche (Boyacá) that was preparing to rescue the corpse of a farmer accused of being an informant in the Army. Ten civilians die in the attack.[19] FARC Colombian conflict
July 31 Shooting, bombing 3 (+2) 2 County Down, United Kingdom Members of the Ulster Volunteer Force (UVF) attempt to plant a bomb on the tourbus of popular Irish band Miami Showband at a bogus military checkpoint. The bomb exploded prematurely and killed two UVF members. Other UVF members then opened fire killing three band members and injuring two others. Ulster Volunteer Force The Troubles
August 5 Hostage-taking 0 0 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Five Japanese Red Army members took 53 hostages at the American Insurance Association in Kuala Lumpur. The siege ended after five other JRA members were released from prison. Japanese Red Army
August 12 Shooting, bombing 5 50+ Belfast, United Kingdom Members of the Provisional IRA open fire and bomb a bar in Belfast that was frequented by Ulster Volunteer Force members. 1 UVF member and four civilians were killed. PIRA The Troubles
August 26 Shooting, Assassination 1 0 Córdoba, Argentina A Montoneros member, Fernando Haymal, was shot dead because he had provided information to the Córdoba Provincial Police after being arrested. According to Montoneros he was guilty of the charges of "traitor and delator".[20] Montoneros Dirty War
August 27 Bombing 0 33 Caterham, United Kingdom Bombing of the Caterham Arms public house by the Provisional IRA. PIRA The Troubles
August 28 Bombing 6 29 San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina The Operation Gardel was the key name given by the guerrilla organization Montoneros to the demolition of a Lockheed C-130 Hercules of Group 1 of Transport of the First Air Brigade, while this one took off of the International Airport Lieutenant General Benjamín Matienzo, 28 of August 1975, Carrying 114 gendarmes, killing six and woundin 29.[21] Montoneros Dirty War
September 1 Shooting 5 7 County Armagh, United Kingdom Five Protestant civilians were killed and seven were wounded in a gun attack on Tullyvallen Orange Hall near Newtownhamilton, County Armagh.[22] One of the Orangemen was an off-duty RUC officer, who returned fire.[23] The attack was claimed by the South Armagh Republican Action Force (SARAF), which claimed it was retaliation for "the assassinations of fellow Catholics in Belfast".[24] PIRA The Troubles
September 5 London Hilton bombing 2 63 London, United Kingdom A bomb exploded at the Hilton Hotel in London. Two people were killed and 63 were injured. Scotland Yard received a warning a few minutes before the blast, but was unable to get the building evacuated in time.[25][26][27] Provisional IRA's Balcombe Street Gang
PIRA 		The Troubles
September 5 Assassination attempt 0 0 Sacramento, United States Former Manson Family member Lynette "Squeaky" Fromme attempts to assassinate U.S. president Gerald Ford due to his failure to protect ATWA. Her gun failed to fire and she was arrested. Lynette Fromme
September 8 Assassination 1 0 Colombia The ELN kills in an attack to the Inspector General of the Armed Forces. General Ramón Arturo Rincón Quiñónez. ELN Colombian conflict
September 22 Assassination attempt 0 1 San Francisco, United States Sarah Jane Moore tries to assassinate President Gerald Ford in San Francisco. The attempt fails when a bystander grabs her arm and deflects the shot. Moore has stated the motive was to create chaos to bring "the winds of change" because the U.S. government had declared war on the left wing.[28][29] Sarah Jane Moore
October 2 Shooting, Bombing 11 Northern Ireland, United Kingdom The Ulster Volunteer Force (UVF) killed seven civilians in a series of attacks across Northern Ireland. Six were Catholics and one was a Protestant. Four UVF members were killed when the bomb they were transporting prematurely exploded as they drove along the Farrenlester road in Coleraine, County Londonderry.[30] UVF The Troubles
October 5 Shooting, Attack 17 (+15) 30+ Formosa, Argentina A group of 50 guerrillas assaulted the Infantry Regiment of Monte 29, the Subofficers' Casino of that force and the , of the city of Formosa in the homonymous province of Argentina. In the event, whose key name given by the organizers was that of Operation Primicia.[31] Montoneros Dirty War
October 6 Attempted assassination 0 2 Rome, Italy Attempted to assassinate Bernardo Leighton by the Chilean secret police and National Vanguard. Leighton and his wife were seriously injured. National Vanguard
DINA
October 6 Shooting, Clash 1 (+12) 1 (+Unknown) Acheral, Tucumán, Argentina At least one soldier 12 ERP militants were shot dead in a confrontation of the so-called Operativo Independencia.[32] ERP Operativo Independencia
9 October Green Park Tube Station Bombing 1 20 London, United Kingdom The IRA left a bomb at a bus stop just outside Green Park tube station. One person was killed and 20 were injured.[33][34] Provisional IRA's Balcombe Street Gang
PIRA 		The Troubles
23 October Bombing 1 0 London, United Kingdom The IRA planted a booby-trap bomb under the car of Conservative MP Hugh Fraser. A passer-by noticed the bomb under the car, and by mistake detonated the device killing himself.[35] Provisional IRA's Balcombe Street Gang
PIRA 		The Troubles
30 October Bombing 0 17 London, United Kingdom An IRA unit exploded a bomb at the in Mount Street W1 which injured 17 people.[citation needed] Provisional IRA's Balcombe Street Gang
PIRA 		The Troubles
12 November Scott's (restaurant) bombing 1 15 London, United Kingdom One person was killed and 15 others injured when the IRA without threw a bomb into a Mayfair restaurant on Mount Street in London.[36] Provisional IRA's Balcombe Street Gang
PIRA 		The Troubles
November 18 Bombing 2 23 London, United Kingdom Bombing of Walton's Restaurant in the Chelsea neighborhood of London by the Provisional IRA. PIRA The Troubles
November 22 Ambush 3 1 County Armagh, United Kingdom Members of the Provisional IRA attack British soldiers near the Northern Ireland–Republic of Ireland border, killing three and wounding one. PIRA The Troubles
November 27 Shooting, Assassination 1 0 London, United Kingdom A PIRA active service unit shot dead Guinness Book of Records founder Ross McWhirter at his London home.[37][38][39][40] Provisional IRA's Balcombe Street Gang
PIRA 		The Troubles
December 2 Shooting, Assassination 2 0 Paraná, Argentina The General Jorge Esteban Cáceres Monié and his wife Beatriz Isabel Sasiain were murdered by members of the guerrilla Montoneros (who called it "Operativo Cacerola") at approximately 19:00 hours on the way from Villa Urquiza to the city of Paraná (province of Entre Ríos), when they were in their pickup truck rafting the Las Conchas stream.[41] Montoneros Dirty War
December 2–14 Hostage-taking 3 Wijster, Netherlands Seven Moluccans hijack a train in hopes of forcing the Dutch government to recognize the Republic of South Maluku as an independent state. They kill three hostages before surrendering. Moluccan freedom fighters
December 4–19 Hostage crises 1 (indirect) Amsterdam, Netherlands Seven Moluccans took hostages at the Indonesian Consulate in Amsterdam. One hostage died while attempting to escape by climbing down a rope along the side of the building. Moluccan freedom fighters
December 6–12 Hostage-taking, siege 0 0 London, United Kingdom Four members of the Provisional IRA take two people hostage in a flat in London for six days before surrendering. PIRA The Troubles
December 19 Bombing 5 26 Dundalk, Ireland, and Silverbridge, United Kingdom The loyalist paramilitary Red Hand Commando exploded a no-warning car bomb in Dundalk, killing two civilians and wounding twenty. Shortly after, the same group launched a gun and bomb attack across the border in Silverbridge. Two local Catholic civilians and an English civilian, married to a local woman, were killed in that attack, while six others were wounded. The attacks have been linked to the "Glenanne gang".[42][43] RHC The Troubles
December 21–22 Hostage-taking, siege 3 Austria Carlos the Jackal and his rebels attack OPEC headquarters in Vienna and take over 60 hostages – mostly they were OPEC countries' leaders. On December 22, the hostages and rebels are transported in a DC-9 to Algiers where 30 hostages were freed; the plane was then flown to Tripoli, Libya, where more hostages were freed before flying back to Algiers where the remaining hostages were freed and the rebels were granted asylum. Arm of the Arab Revolution
December 23 Shooting 1 Athens, Greece U.S. Central Intelligence Agency Station Chief Richard Welch was shot dead outside his home in Athens by Marxist terrorist group Revolutionary Organization 17 November. Welch's murder led to the passage of the Intelligence Identities Protection Act of 1982, making it illegal to reveal the name of an agent who has a covert relationship with an American intelligence organization. Revolutionary Organization 17 November
December 23–24 Shooting, Air Raid 14-50 (92+) 34 (+25) Buenos Aires, Argentina A failed assault on the Battalion Arsenals Depot 601 Domingo Viejobueno, in the town of Monte Chingolo, Buenos Aires, Argentina, happened on December 23, 1975, was the last great action of the People's Revolutionary Army. It aimed to appropriate 20 tons of weaponry. The attack was frustrated by the , Federal Police and Police of the Province of Buenos Aires, and the Air Force. Thirty guerrillas who surrendered were later shot dead by the army.[44] ERP Dirty War
December 29 Bombing 11 75 New York City, United States 1975 LaGuardia Airport bombing: At 6:30 p.m., an explosion occurs at the lower-level TWA and Delta Air Lines baggage claim area at the La Guardia Airport, in Queens, New York, killing 11 and injuring more than 75. The blast set off a fire, which firefighters managed to suppress. The physical damage was estimated at $750,000. An investigation revealed that about 25 sticks (12.5 pounds) of dynamite were placed in a parcel locker between two luggage carousels. The crime remains unsolved today, although Croatian nationalists are believed to be the perpetrators.[45] Croatian nationalists (suspected)
31 December Central Bar bombing 3 30 Gilford, United Kingdom Irish National Liberation Army (INLA) members using the covername "Armagh People's Republican Army" killed 3 people in a bomb attack on a pub in Gilford, County Armagh. INLA The Troubles

See also[]

References[]

  1. ^ "Terrorist Incidents against Jewish Communities and Israeli Citizens Abroad, 1968-2003". International Institute for Counter-Terrorism. 20 December 2003.
  2. ^ Ensalaco, Mark (2008). Middle Eastern terrorism: from Black September to September 11. University of Pennsylvania Press. pp. 80–82. ISBN 978-0-8122-4046-7.
  3. ^ Jump up to: a b Melaugh, Dr Martin. "CAIN: Chronology of the Conflict 1975". cain.ulst.ac.uk.
  4. ^ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6JHkfMe8DHg
  5. ^ Joseph T. McCann, Terrorism on American Soil: A Concise History of Plots and Perpetrators from the Famous to the Forgotten (Sentient, 2006), p. 119.
  6. ^ Mara Bovsun, Justice Story: FALN bomb kills 4 at Fraunces Tavern, where George Washington said farewell to troops[permanent dead link], New York Daily News (January 21, 2012).
  7. ^ Joseph T. McCann, Terrorism on American Soil: A Concise History of Plots and Perpetrators from the Famous to the Forgotten (Sentient, 2006), p. 120.
  8. ^ Dan Berger, Outlaws of America: The Weather Underground and the Politics of Solidarity (A.K. Press, 2006), pp. 346-47.
  9. ^ https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1706&dat=19750207&id=Tm40AAAAIBAJ&sjid=AqYEAAAAIBAJ&pg=856,1703221&hl=es
  10. ^ 1975: PC murder linked to IRA bomb factory, BBC News.
  11. ^ "27 Killed in Nairobi As a Crowded Bus Is Ripped by a Bomb". Retrieved 2018-06-28.
  12. ^ MIPT Terrorism Knowledge Base
  13. ^ The Savoy Hotel attack
  14. ^ https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=N2osnxbUuuUC&dat=19750411&printsec=frontpage&hl=es
  15. ^ 1975: Baader-Meinhof blow up embassy, BBC News.
  16. ^ Smith, Terence (July 5, 1975). "13 Die, Scores Hurt in Jerusalem Blast; 13 Killed and Scores Injured by Jerusalem Explosion". The New York Times. Retrieved 8 October 2011.
  17. ^ "1967-1993: Major Terror Attacks". Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 8 October 2011.
  18. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2012-06-20. Retrieved 2012-04-16.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  19. ^ https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=N2osnxbUuuUC&dat=19750728&printsec=frontpage&hl=es
  20. ^ http://www.cedema.org/ver.php?id=235
  21. ^ https://tucumanarde.wordpress.com/2010/08/29/el-dia-que-exploto-el-aeropuerto-de-tucuman/
  22. ^ A Chronology of the Conflict – September 1975, CAIN Web Service; accessed 23 October 2015.
  23. ^ McKittrick, David. Lost Lives. Mainstream Publishing, 1999. p. 572
  24. ^ English, Richard. Armed Struggle: The history of the IRA. Pan McMillen, 2004. p. 171
  25. ^ Sutton, Malcolm. "CAIN: Sutton Index of Deaths". cain.ulst.ac.uk.
  26. ^ Melaugh, Dr Martin. "CAIN: Chronology of the Conflict 1975". cain.ulst.ac.uk.
  27. ^ "1975: London Hilton bombed". 5 September 1975 – via news.bbc.co.uk.
  28. ^ Keerdoja, Eileen (1976-11-08). "Squeaky and Sara Jane". Newsweek. Archived from the original on 2007-01-18. Retrieved 2007-01-03.
  29. ^ Lee, Vic (2007-01-02). "Interview: Woman Who Tried To Assassinate Ford". ABC-7 News. KGO-TV. Retrieved 2007-01-03.
  30. ^ A Chronology of the Conflict – October 1975, CAIN Web Service; accessed 23 October 2015.
  31. ^ http://www.perfil.com/?oldurl404=/contenidos/2010/09/07/noticia_0010.html
  32. ^ https://juiciobahiablanca.wordpress.com/2015/08/01/el-operativo-arauz-y-el-reportaje-de-la-revista-gente/
  33. ^ Sutton, Malcolm. "CAIN: Sutton Index of Deaths". cain.ulst.ac.uk.
  34. ^ "1975: Man killed in Piccadilly bomb blast". 9 October 1975 – via news.bbc.co.uk.
  35. ^ Sutton, Malcolm. "CAIN: Sutton Index of Deaths". cain.ulst.ac.uk.
  36. ^ Sutton, Malcolm. "CAIN: Sutton Index of Deaths". cain.ulst.ac.uk.
  37. ^ Melaugh, Dr Martin. "CAIN: Events: IRA Truce - 9 Feb 1975 to 23 Jan 1976 - A Chronology of Main Events". cain.ulst.ac.uk.
  38. ^ Melaugh, Dr Martin. "CAIN: Chronology of the Conflict 1975". cain.ulst.ac.uk.
  39. ^ Sutton, Malcolm. "CAIN: Sutton Index of Deaths". cain.ulst.ac.uk.
  40. ^ "1975: TV presenter Ross McWhirter shot dead". 27 November 1975 – via news.bbc.co.uk.
  41. ^ https://web.archive.org/web/20041228122544/http://members.fortunecity.es/ladecadadel70/9/g4.htm
  42. ^ Cassell Report (2006), p. 51
  43. ^ A Chronology of the Conflict – December 1975, CAIN Web Service
  44. ^ http://albertomoyalibros.blogspot.mx/2015/12/viejobueno-40-anos.html
  45. ^ "La Guardia Airport Bombing" in Harvey W. Kushner, Encyclopedia of Terrorism (Sage: 2003), p. 212.
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