List of the Cenozoic life of California

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This list of the Cenozoic life of California contains the various prehistoric life-forms whose fossilized remains have been reported from within the US state of California and are between 66 million and 10,000 years of age.

A[]

• †Abantis
  • †
• Abies
  • †
  • †
• †Aboma
  • † – type locality for species
• †Acalypha
  • †
• Acanthina
  • †Acanthina spirata
• Acanthocardia
  • † – type locality for species
  • †
• Acar
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
• Accipiter
  • †Accipiter velox
• Acentrophryne
  • †
• Acer
  • †
  • †
• Acesta
  • †
• †Achaenodon
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
• Acila
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
  • †
• Acipenser
  • 

    Illustration of a living Acipenser medirostris, or green sturgeon
    †Acipenser medirostris – or unidentified comparable form
• Acmaea
  • † – or unidentified related form
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
  • †
  • †
  • †Acmaea mitra
  • †
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
• 

  Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Miocene horse Acritohippus
  †Acritohippus
  • †Acritohippus isonesus – or unidentified comparable form
  • † – type locality for species
  • †
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
• † – or unidentified comparable form
• Acteocina
  • †
  • †
  • †
• Acteon
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • †
• Actinemys
  • 

    A living Actinemys marmorata, or western pond turtle
    †Actinemys marmorata
• †
  • †
  • †
• Admete
  • †Admete rhyssa
• Adula
  • †
  • †
• Aechmophorus
  • †
  • †Aechmophorus occidentalis
• †
  • †
• †
  • †
• †Aelurodon
  • †
  • †Aelurodon taxoides
• 

  Life restoration of the Miocene camel Aepycamelus, or the long-necked camel. Heinrich Harder (1920).
  †Aepycamelus
  • †Aepycamelus alexandrae
• Aequipecten
  • †
• Aesopus
  • †
• Aethia
  • † – type locality for species
  • † – type locality for species
• †
  • †
• Agaronia
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
• †
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • †
• Agelaius
  • †
• 

  Fossilized mandible of the Miocene-Pleistocene bear Agriotherium
  †Agriotherium
• †Ailanthus
  • †
• Akera
  • †
• Alaba
  • †
  • †
• Alabina
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
  • †
• †Albicetus
  • † – type locality for species
• †Albireo
  • † – type locality for species
• Alca
• †Alcodes
  • † – type locality for species
• Aleochara
• • †
• 

  Restorative model of the Miocene deer relative Aletomeryx
  †Aletomeryx
  • † – type locality for species
• †Alforjas
• • †
• †
  • †
• †Alisea – type locality for genus
  • † – type locality for species
• †Allodelphis – type locality for genus
  • †Allodelphis pratti – type locality for species
  • † – type locality for species
• 

  Fossilized skeleton of the Miocene seal Allodesmus
  †Allodesmus
  • † – type locality for species
  • † – type locality for species
  • †Allodesmus kernensis
• †
  • † – type locality for species
• Alnus
  • †
  • †
• †Alopecocyon – type locality for genus
  • † – type locality for species
• Alopias
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
  • †
  • 

    Caught Alopias vulpinus, or common thresher
    †Alopias vulpinus – or unidentified comparable form
• Alvania
  • †
  • †
  • † – or unidentified related form
• †
  • † – type locality for species
• Amara
  • †Amara insignis
• †
  • †
  • †
  • †
• Amauropsis
  • †
• 

  Flowers and foliage of Amelanchier, or shadbush
  Amelanchier
• • † informal
  • †
  • †
  • †
• • †
  • † – type locality for species
• Ammospermophilus
  • †
• †Amorpha
  • †
  • †
• †Amphicyon
  • †Amphicyon ingens
• 

  Fossilized skull of the Miocene saber-toothed cat Amphimachairodus
  †Amphimachairodus
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
• • †
• Amphissa
  • †Amphissa columbiana
  • †
  • †
  • †Amphissa versicolor
• Amphiura
  • †
• †Amphora
  • †
  • †
• †Ampullina
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
• Amusium
  • †
• †
  • †
• †
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
  • †
• †
  • † – type locality for species
• Anachis
  • †
• 

  Collection of Anadara marine ark clams
  Anadara
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • † – type locality for species
  • †
  • †
• Anaphothrips
  • † – type locality for species
• Anas
  • †Anas americana
  • †
  • †Anas clypeata
  • †Anas platyrhynchos
• †Anchitheriomys – or unidentified comparable form
• 

  Fossilized limb bones, and teeth of the Miocene three-toed horse Anchitherium (left)
  †Anchitherium
  • †
• †
  • †
• Ancilla
  • †
  • † – tentative report
• †
  • †
• Angulus
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
  • †
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
• Anniella
• Anodontia
  • †
  • †
• †
  • †
  • †
• • † – or unidentified comparable form
• Anomia
  • †
  • †
  • † – type locality for species
• †Ansen
  • †
• Anser
  • †Anser albifrons
• †
  • †
  • †
• †
  • †
• Antigona
  • †
• †Antilla
  • †
• 

  A living Antilocapra, or pronghorn
  Antilocapra
• Antrozous
  • †Antrozous pallidus
• †
  • †
• † – or unidentified comparable form
• †Apatemys
  • †
  • † – type locality for species
  • †
• Aphelocoma
  • †Aphelocoma californica
• † – type locality for genus
  • † – type locality for species
• 

  Reconstructive illustration of the skeleton of the Miocene-Pleistocene hornless rhinoceros Aphelops
  †Aphelops
  • †
• Apiotoma
  • †
• Aplodontia
  • †Aplodontia rufa
• • † – type locality for species
  • †
  • †
• Aquila
  • 

    A living Aquila chrysaetos, or golden eagle
    Aquila chrysaetos
• †Araeosteus
  • †Araeosteus rothi
• Arbutus
  • †
• Arca
  • † – type locality for species
  • †
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
  • †
  • †
  • †
• †Arceuthobium
• 

  Fossilized skull of the Oligocene bone-crushing dog Archaeocyon
  †Archaeocyon
  • †
• †Archaeohippus
  • †
  • †
• †
  • † – type locality for species
• †
  • † – or unidentified related form
• • † – type locality for species
• †
  • † – type locality for species
• †
  • †
• 

  A living Architectonica staircase shell sea snail
  Architectonica
  • †
  • † – type locality for species
  • †
  • †
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
• † – tentative report
• Archoplites
  • †Archoplites interruptus
• Arcinella
  • †
• Arctica – tentative report
  • †
• Arctocephalus
• 

  Restoration of an Arctodus, or short-faced bear, with a human to scale
  †Arctodus
  • †Arctodus simus – type locality for species
• †Arctostaphylos
• Ardea
  • †Ardea herodias
• Arenaria
  • †Arenaria melanocephala
• Arene
  • † – type locality for species
• †Argenna
  • † – type locality for species
• Argobuccinum
  • † – type locality for species
  • †
• Argopecten
  • †
  • †Argopecten gibbus
  • †
  • †Argopecten purpuratus
  • †Argopecten ventricosus
• † – type locality for genus
  • † – type locality for species
  • † – type locality for species
• 

  A modern Argyropelecus silver hatchetfish
  Argyropelecus
  • † – type locality for species
  • †
• † – type locality for genus
  • † – type locality for species
• Arossia
• †Artocarpus
  • †
• †
  • † – type locality for species
• 

  A living Asio otus, or long-eared owl
  Asio
  • †
  • †Asio wilsonianus
• • †
• Astraea
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
  • †
  • †
  • † – type locality for species
  • †Astraea undosa
• Astrangia
  • † – type locality for species
  • † – type locality for species
• † – tentative report
• †
• †
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
  • †
  • †
  • † – tentative report
  • †
• †
  • †
• Astropecten
• Astyris
  • †
• Athene
  • †Athene cunicularia
• Athleta
  • † – type locality for species
• 

  Fossilized skull of the Miocene dolphin Atocetus
  †Atocetus
  • †Atocetus nasalis – type locality for species
• † – type locality for genus
  • † – type locality for species
• Atrina
  • †
• †Aturia
  • †
  • † – type locality for species
  • † – type locality for species
  • † – type locality for species
• †
  • † – type locality for species
• Atys
• 

  Life restoration of the Miocene sperm whale Aulophyseter
  †Aulophyseter – type locality for genus
  • † – type locality for species
• Austrotrophon
• †
  • †
• †Avipeda
• Aythya
  • †Aythya affinis
  • †Aythya valisineria
• † – type locality for genus
  • † – type locality for species

B[]

• Baiomys
  • †
• Balaenoptera
  • †Balaenoptera bertae – type locality for species
  • †
  • † – type locality for species
  • †Balaenoptera physalus
  • †Balaenoptera ryani
• 

  Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Pliocene whale Balaenula
  †Balaenula
• Balanophyllia
  • †Balanophyllia elegans
  • † – type locality for species
• Balanus
  • †Balanus crenatus
  • †
  • †Balanus nubilus – or unidentified comparable form
  • †
• • †
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • †
• Bankia
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
• Barbarofusus
  • †Barbarofusus barbarensis
• Barbatia
  • †
  • † – or unidentified related form
  • † – type locality for species
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
• 

  Fossilized skull of the Miocene-Pliocene false saber-toothed cat Barbourofelis
  †Barbourofelis
  • †
  • †Barbourofelis whitfordi
• Barleeia
  • †
• Barnea
  • †
• †Basirepomys
  • † – type locality for species
• Bassariscus
  • †
  • †Bassariscus astutus – or unidentified comparable form
  • †
  • †
• †Bathylagus – type locality for genus
  • † – type locality for species
  • † – type locality for species
• †
  • †
  • †
• Bathytoma
  • †Bathytoma pacifica
• †Batodonoides
  • †
  • † – type locality for species
• 

  A living Bembidion ground beetle
  Bembidion
  • † – type locality for species
  • † – type locality for species
• †Benoistia
  • †
• †
  • †
  • †
  • †
• Beringraja
  • †Beringraja binoculata – or unidentified comparable form
• †
• Betula
  • †
• †
  • †
• Bison
  • †Bison antiquus
  • 

    Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Pleistocene Bison latifrons, or long-horned bison
    †Bison latifrons
• Bittium
  • †Bittium alternatum – or unidentified comparable form
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • †
• Bivetopsia
  • †
• †Boavus
  • † – type locality for species
• • †
• 

  Life restoration of the Miocene grenadier fish Bolbocara (bottom)
  †Bolbocara
  • †
• Bolinichthys
• • †
• Bonasa
  • †Bonasa umbellus
• †Bonellitia
  • †
  • †
• • †
• 

  Restoration of two of the Miocene-Pliocene bone-crushing dog genus Borophagus preying on a camel. Jay Matternes (1964).
  †Borophagus
  • †Borophagus diversidens
  • †Borophagus littoralis – type locality for species
  • †Borophagus parvus
  • †Borophagus secundus
• †Borophryne
  • †Borophryne apogon
• †
  • †
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
• Brachidontes
  • †
  • †
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
  • †
• • †
• †
  • †
• † – type locality for genus
  • †
• 

  Restorative portrait of the Miocene oreodont mammal Brachycrus
  †Brachycrus
  • †
  • †
• †
  • †
• †Brachypsalis
  • †
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
• Brachyramphus
  • † – type locality for species
  • † – type locality for species
• †
  • †
  • † – type locality for species
  • †
• 

  A living Branta bernicla, or black brant
  Branta
  • †Branta canadensis
  • †Branta nigricans – tentative report
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
• †Bretzia
• † – tentative report
• †
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
  • †
  • †
• Bubo
  • † – type locality for species
  • 

    A living Bubo virginianus, or great horned owl
    †Bubo virginianus
• Buccinum
  • †Buccinum strigillatum
• Bucephala
  • †Bucephala albeola
• †Bucida
  • †
• Bufo
• †
  • †
• †
  • † – type locality for species
• Bulimina
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
• • †
  • †
• Bulla
  • †
  • 

    Shells in multiple views of Bulla gouldiana, or the California bubble sea snail
    †Bulla gouldiana
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
  • †
  • †Bulla striata
• Bullia
  • †
• †
  • †
• †Bumelia
  • †
• Bursa
  • †
• Buteo
  • †Buteo borealis
  • 

    A living Buteo jamaicensis, or red-tailed hawk
    †Buteo jamaicensis
  • †Buteo swainsoni

C[]

• Cadulus
  • †
• Caecum
  • †
• • †
  • †
  • †
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
• †Calicovatellus – type locality for genus
  • †Calicovatellus petrodytes – type locality for species
• Calidris
  • †Calidris alba
• Californiconus
  • †Californiconus californicus
• †
  • †
• †
  • †
• Calliostoma
  • †
  • 

    A living Calliostoma annulatum, or purple-ring top sea snail
    †Calliostoma annulatum
  • †
  • †Calliostoma canaliculatum
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • † – tentative report
  • †Calliostoma gemmulatum
  • †Calliostoma ligatum
  • †
  • †Calliostoma supragranosum
  • †Calliostoma tricolor
• Callista
  • †
  • †
• Callistochiton
  • †
• • †
• Callorhinus
  • †Callorhinus gilmorei – type locality for species
  • 

    A living Callorhinus ursinus, or northern fur seal
    †Callorhinus ursinus
• †
  • †
• † – tentative report
• Calosoma
  • †Calosoma semilaeve
• †
  • †
• 

  Three modern shells of Calyptraea, or Chinese hat snails
  Calyptraea
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
• †Calyptranthes
  • † – type locality for species
• 

  Life restoration of the Pliocene-Holocene camel Camelops
  †Camelops
  • †Camelops hesternus
  • †Camelops minidokae
• Campanile
  • †
• Camponotus – type locality for genus
  • †Camponotus festinatus – type locality for species
• †Canarium
  • †
• Cancellaria
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • †Cancellaria obesa
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • †
• Cancer
• • †
• Canis
  • 

    Modern mounted skeleton of Canis lupus, the grey wolf, to scale with a fossilized skeleton of the Pleistocene wolf Canis dirus, or dire wolf
    †Canis dirus
  • †Canis edwardii
  • †Canis latrans
  • †Canis lepophagus
  • †Canis lupus
  • †Canis rufus
• Canthon
  • †Canthon praticola
  • †Canthon simplex
• †Cantius
  • †
• † – type locality for genus
  • † – type locality for species
• †Capromeryx
  • 

    Fossilized skeleton of the Pleistocene dwarf pronghorn Capromeryx
    †Capromeryx minor
• Caracara
  • †Caracara cheriway
  • †Caracara plancus
• Carcharhinus
• Carcharias
  • †
• †
• Carcharodon
  • †
  • †Carcharodon carcharias
  • †Carcharodon hastalis
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • † – type locality for species
• • †Cardium brewerii, alternative of Acanthocardia brewerii (see List of the Cenozoic life of California § A)
• Carpelimus
• †
  • †
• †Carpocyon
  • †
• 

  A living Carya, or hickory tree
  Carya
  • †
  • †
• Caryophyllia
  • †
  • † – type locality for species
  • † – type locality for species
  • † – type locality for species
• • †
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
  • †
• Castanea
  • †
• Castanopsis
  • †
• Castor
  • †Castor californicus – or unidentified comparable form
• †
  • † – type locality for species
• Cathartes
  • 

    A living Cathartes aura, or turkey vulture
    †Cathartes aura
• Catoptrophorus
  • †Catoptrophorus semipalmatus
• †
  • †
• †Catostomus
  • †Catostomus occidentalis
• Ceanothus
  • †
  • †
• Cedrela
  • † – type locality for species
  • †
• †Celastrus
  • † – type locality for species
• Celtis
  • †
• †
  • †
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
• • †
• Cepphus
  • 

    A living Cepphus columba, or pigeon guillemot
    †Cepphus columba
  • † – type locality for species
• Cercidiphyllum
  • †
• †Cercocarpus
  • †
• Cerithidea
  • †Cerithidea californica
• Cerithiopsis
  • †
  • †
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
  • †
  • † – or unidentified related form
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
• Cerithium
  • †
  • †
• †
  • † – type locality for species
• †Cernina
  • †
• †Cerorhinca
  • † – type locality for species
  • † – type locality for species
• Cervus
  • †Cervus elaphus
• Cetorhinus
  • †Cetorhinus maximus
• 

  Life restoration of the Miocene-Pliocene whale Cetotherium
  †Cetotherium
  • †Cetotherium furlongi – type locality for species
• †
  • † – type locality for species
• †Chaenophryne
  • †
• Chaetodipus
  • †Chaetodipus formosus – or unidentified comparable form
• †
  • †
• †Chalcidichthys – type locality for genus
  • † – type locality for species
• Chama
  • †
  • †
  • †
• †Chamaecyparis
  • †
• Charadrius
  • †Charadrius semipalmatus
• 

  Close-up portrait of a Chauliodus, or viperfish
  Chauliodus – type locality for genus
  • †
  • † – type locality for species
• †
  • † – type locality for species
  • † – type locality for species
• Chelonia
  • † – type locality for species
• Chen
  • †Chen caerulescens
• 

  Life restoration of the Pleistocene-Holocene Chendytes, or Law's diving-goose
  †Chendytes – type locality for genus
  • †Chendytes lawi – type locality for species
• • †
• †
  • †
  • †
• Chione
  • †Chione californiensis
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
  • †
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • †
• • †
• Chionopsis
  • †Chionopsis gnidia
  • †
  • †
• Chlamys
  • †
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
  • 

    A living Chlamys hastata, or spear scallop
    †Chlamys hastata
  • †
  • † – type locality for species
  • †Chlamys rubida
  • †
  • †Chlamys swifti
• Chlorostoma
  • †
• †Chorizanthe
• †
• †Chrysobalanus
  • †
• 

  A living Chrysocyon brachyurus, or maned wolf
  †Chrysocyon
  • †
• †Chrysodomus – report made of unidentified related form or using admittedly obsolete nomenclature
  • †
• †Chrysolepis
  • †
• †
  • † – type locality for species
• Cibicides
  • †
  • †
  • †
• • † – or unidentified comparable form
• Cicindela
  • †
  • †Cicindela oregona
• Cidaris
  • †
• 

  A living Cinnamomum, or cinnamon tree
  Cinnamomum
  • †
  • †
• Cissus
  • †
• †Citellus
  • †
• Citharichthys
  • †Citharichthys stigmaeus
• †
  • †
  • †
  • †
• 

  Shells in multiple orientations of Clathrodrillia sea snails
  Clathrodrillia
  • †
• Clathurella
  • †
• Clavilithes
  • †
• Clavus
  • �� – type locality for species
  • †
  • † – or unidentified related form
  • †
• Clementia
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • †
• Cletocamptus
• 

  Shell of a Clinocardium cockle
  Clinocardium
  • †
  • †Clinocardium nuttallii
• Cliona
• Clupea
  • † – type locality for species
  • † – type locality for species
• Clypeaster
  • †
  • † – type locality for species
  • †
• 

  A living Cnemidophorus, or whip-tail lizard
  Cnemidophorus
• †
  • †
• Coccodentalium
  • † – type locality for species
• †Cocconeis
  • †
  • †
• † – tentative report
  • † – type locality for species
• Cochliomyia – type locality for genus
  • †Cochliomyia macellaria – type locality for species
• 

  Shell of a Codakia marine bivalve
  Codakia
  • †
  • †Codakia distinguenda
• Colaptes
  • †
• †Colodon
• Coluber
  • †Coluber constrictor
• Colubraria
• Columba – or unidentified comparable form
  • †Columba fasciata
• Columbarium
• Colymbus
  • †
  • †
  • † – type locality for species
• • †
• 

  Shell in two views of a Conasprelloides cone sea snail
  †Conasprelloides
  • †
• Concavus
  • †
• †
  • †
• • † – type locality for species
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • † – type locality for species
  • †
  • †
• Conus
  • †
  • †Conus fergusoni
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
  • 

    Shell of a Conus regularis, or regular cone sea snail
    †Conus regularis
  • †
  • †Conus scalaris
• • †
• †
  • † – type locality for species
  • †
  • † – type locality for species
  • †
  • †
  • † – type locality for species
• †
  • †
• †Cophocetus – tentative report
• 

  A living Copris scarab
  Copris
  • † – type locality for species
• Coragyps
• Corbicula
  • †
• Corbula
  • † – type locality for species
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
  • †
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
• 

  Fossilized skeleton preserved in situ (upper left, 2) of the Miocene-Pliocene horse Cormohipparion
  †Cormohipparion
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
• Cornus
  • †
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
• † – type locality for genus
  • † – type locality for species
• Coronula – tentative report
• Corvus
  • †Corvus brachyrhynchos
  • †Corvus corax
• †
  • † – type locality for species
• †Cosoryx
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
• • † – or unidentified comparable form
• 

  Restoration of the Miocene palaeomerycid Cranioceras, a relative of modern deer, with anachronistic human to scale
  †Cranioceras
  • †Cranioceras teres
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
• †
  • † – type locality for species
• Crassadoma
  • †Crassadoma gigantea
• • † informal
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • † – type locality for species
  • †
  • †
  • †
• Crassinella
  • †
  • †
• 

  Shell of a Crassispira sea snail
  Crassispira
  • †Crassispira montereyensis – or unidentified related form
  • †
• Crassostrea
  • †Crassostrea ashleyi
  • †Crassostrea titan
  • †
• Crataegus
  • †
• Crawfordina
  • †
• †
  • †
• Crepidula
  • †Crepidula adunca
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
  • † – type locality for species
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • 

    Shell in multiple views of a Crepidula onyx, or onyx slipper sea snail
    †Crepidula onyx
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
  • †
  • †
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
• Crepipatella
  • †Crepipatella lingulata
• †Crommium
  • †
  • †
• Crossata
  • †Crossata ventricosa
• Crotalus
  • 

    A living Crotalus viridis, or prairie rattlesnake
    †Crotalus viridis
• Crucibulum
  • †Crucibulum spinosum
• †
  • †
• †Cryptocarya
  • †
• †
  • †
• • †
• Cryptonatica
  • †Cryptonatica affinis
  • †
• 

  A living Cryptotermes, or drywood termite
  Cryptotermes
  • † – type locality for species
• Cryptotis
• • †
• Cucullaea
  • †
  • †
• Culicoides
  • † – type locality for species
  • † – type locality for species
  • † – type locality for species
  • † – type locality for species
  • † – type locality for species
• Cumingia
  • †
• † – tentative report
• †Cupania
  • †
• †
  • †
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
  • † – type locality for species
  • †
  • † – type locality for species
  • †
• 

  A living Cupressus, or cypress tree
  †Cupressus
  • †Cupressus goveniana
  • †
• Cuspidaria
  • †
• †Cuyamacamelus
  • †
• †
  • † – type locality for species
• Cyanocitta
  • †Cyanocitta stelleri
• Cybocephalus
  • †Cybocephalus californicus – or unidentified comparable form
• Cyclammina
  • †
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
• Cyclinella
• Cyclocardia
  • †
  • † – type locality for species
  • †
• †
  • † – type locality for species
• † – or unidentified comparable form
• 

  Illustration of a living Cyclothone bristlemouth
  Cyclothone
• Cygnus
  • †Cygnus columbianus
• Cylichna
  • †
• Cylichnella
  • †
  • †
• Cymatium
  • †
  • † – type locality for species
• Cymatogaster
  • †Cymatogaster aggregata
• †
• †Cynarctoides
  • †Cynarctoides acridens
  • † – type locality for species
• †Cynarctus
  • † – type locality for species
• 

  Fossilized cranium of the Miocene bear-dog Cynelos
  †Cynelos
  • † – type locality for species
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
• †
  • †
• Cynoscion
  • †
• Cyperus
• Cypraea
• • †
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
• 

  Illustration of a living Cyrtonyx quail
  Cyrtonyx
  • † – type locality for species
• Cystiscus
  • †
• Cythara
  • †
  • †
  • †
• Cytherea
  • †

D[]

• †Dalbergia
  • † – type locality for species
• • †
• • †
• †Daphoenodon – or unidentified comparable form
• 

  Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Eocene-Miocene bear-dog Daphoenus
  †Daphoenus
  • †Daphoenus ruber – type locality for species
• †
• Dardanus
  • †Dardanus arrosor
• † – type locality for genus
  • † – type locality for species
• Dasyatis
  • †
• Dasyhelea
  • †
  • † – type locality for species
  • † – type locality for species
  • † – type locality for species
  • † – type locality for species
  • † – type locality for species
• 

  A school of living Decapterus, or mackerel scads
  †Decapterus
  • †
• • †
  • ��
• † – type locality for genus
  • † – type locality for species
• † – or unidentified comparable form
  • †
• Deltochilum – tentative report
• Deltocyathus
  • † – type locality for species
• • †
• Dendragapus
  • †Dendragapus fuliginosus
  • 

    A living Dendragapus obscurus, or dusky grouse
    †Dendragapus obscurus
• Dendraster
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
  • †Dendraster excentricus
  • †
• Dendrophyllia
  • † – type locality for species
  • † – tentative report
  • † – type locality for species
• 

  A living Dendryphantes jumping spider
  Dendryphantes
• • †
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • †
• Dentalium
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • † – type locality for species^[1]
  • †Dentalium neohexagonum
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
  • †
  • †
  • †
• 

  A living Dermochelys, or leatherback sea turtle
  Dermochelys – or unidentified related form
• Deroceras
• † – type locality for genus
  • † – type locality for species
• † – or unidentified related form
• †Desmatippus
  • †
• †Desmatochoerus
  • †
• †Desmocyon
  • †Desmocyon thomsoni
• †Desmodium
  • † – type locality for species
• 

  Life restoration of the Oligocene-Miocene herbivorous marine mammal Desmostylus
  †Desmostylus
  • †Desmostylus hesperus – type locality for species
• Diacria
  • †Diacria trispinosa
• Diaphana
  • †
• †Diceratherium
• Dichocoenia
  • †
• †Dinohippus
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • †Dinohippus mexicanus
• †Dinohyus
  • †Dinohyus hollandi
• Diodora
  • †Diodora arnoldi
  • †Diodora aspera
  • †Diodora inaequalis
• †
• Diomedea
  • † – type locality for species
• †Diomedia
  • †
  • †
• †Dioplotherium
  • †
• 

  A living member of Diospyros, the tree genus including ebonies and persimmons
  †Diospyros
  • †
  • †
• Diplodonta
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • †
• Diploria
  • † – type locality for species
• Dipodomys
  • †Dipodomys agilis – or unidentified comparable form
  • †Dipodomys compactus
  • †Dipodomys deserti – or unidentified comparable form
  • †Dipodomys heermanni – or unidentified comparable form
  • †
  • 

    A living Dipodomys merriami, or Merriam's kangaroo rat
    †Dipodomys merriami
  • †
  • †Dipodomys ordii
• †Dipoides
  • †
• †Diprionomys
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
• – tentative report
  • †
• Discinisca
  • †
• 

  Fossilized shell of a Discohelix sea snail
  †Discohelix
  • †
• †Dissacus
• Distorsio
• • †
• Divaricella
  • †
• †
• †
• Donax
  • †
  • †Donax gouldii
• †
  • †
• Dosinia
  • †
  • †Dosinia dunkeri
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • † – tentative report
  • †
  • † – type locality for species
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
  • †
• †
  • † – type locality for species
• †Drimys – type locality for genus
  • † – type locality for species
• †Dromomeryx
• †Duchesneodus
  • †
• † – type locality for genus
  • † – type locality for species
  • † – type locality for species
• 

  Life restoration of the Miocene-Pliocene manatee relative Dusisiren
  †Dusisiren
  • †
  • † – type locality for species
• † – type locality for genus
  • † – type locality for species
• †
  • † – type locality for species
• Dytiscus
  • †Dytiscus marginicollis

E[]

• Echinarachnius
  • †
• 

  Illustration of a living Echinorhinus shark
  Echinorhinus
  • †
• Eclipes – type locality for genus
  • †
  • †
  • † – type locality for species
  • † – type locality for species
• †Ectasis – type locality for genus
  • † – type locality for species
• †
  • †
• †Ectopistes
  • 

    Taxidermied male Ectopistes migratorius, or passenger pigeon
    †Ectopistes migratorius
• Eleodes
  • †
  • †
  • †Eleodes gracilis
  • †Eleodes grandicollis – type locality for species
  • †
  • †
  • †Eleodes osculans – type locality for species
• Elgaria
  • †Elgaria multicarinata
• †
  • † – type locality for species
  • † – type locality for species
• †
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
  • †
  • †
  • †
• • † – or unidentified comparable form
• 

  Life restoration of two of the Eocene-Oligocene anthracothere mammal Elomeryx being menaced by fellow-anthracothere Anthracotherium
  †Elomeryx
  • †
• † – type locality for genus
  • † – type locality for species
  • †
• †Enaliarctos
  • †Enaliarctos mealsi
  • †Enaliarctos mitchelli
• †Enallagma – type locality for genus
  • † – type locality for species
• Encope
  • † – type locality for species
• Engelhardtia
  • †
• Engina
  • †
• † – type locality for genus
  • † – type locality for species
• Enhydra
  • 

    A living Enhydra lutris, or sea otter
    †Enhydra lutris
  • †Enhydra macrodonta – type locality for species
• †Enhydritherium
  • †Enhydritherium terraenovae
• Ensis
  • †
• Entomobrya
  • †Entomobrya atrocincta
  • † – type locality for species
• †
  • †
• †
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
  • † – type locality for species
• †
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
• †
  • † – type locality for species
  • † – type locality for species
  • † – type locality for species
• †Eomellivora
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
• 

  Fossilized skeleton of the Eocene-Pliocene frog Eopelobates
  †Eopelobates
• †Eopleurotoma
  • † – type locality for species
• † – type locality for genus
  • † – type locality for species
• †Eosurcula
  • † – or unidentified related form
• † – type locality for genus
  • † – type locality for species
  • † – type locality for species
• †
  • † – type locality for species
• †
• † – type locality for genus
  • † – type locality for species
• 

  Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Miocene bone-crushing dog Epicyon
  †Epicyon
  • †Epicyon haydeni
  • †
• †Epihippus
• Epilucina
  • †Epilucina californica
• Epinephelus
• †Epiphragmophora
  • †
• †
  • †
• 

  Shell of an Epitonium wentletrap sea snail
  Epitonium
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • † – or unidentified related form
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
  • †
• • †
  • †
  • †
  • †
• Eptesicus
  • †Eptesicus fuscus – or unidentified comparable form
• †Equisetum
• Equus
  • †Equus conversidens
  • †
  • †Equus idahoensis
  • †
  • †Equus scotti
  • 

    Fossilized skeleton of the Pliocene-Pleistocene horse Equus simplicidens, also known as the Hagerman horse or American zebra
    †Equus simplicidens
• Eremophila
  • †Eremophila alpestris
• Erethizon
  • †
  • † – type locality for species
  • †Erethizon dorsatum
• †Eriquius
  • †
• † – type locality for genus
  • † – type locality for species
• †
  • † – type locality for species
• † – type locality for genus
  • † – type locality for species
• Eschrichtius
  • †Eschrichtius robustus – or unidentified comparable form
• †Etringus
  • †
• Eubalaena – or unidentified comparable form
• †Eucastor
• 

  Life restoration of the Pleistocene bovid Euceratherium, or the shrub ox. Robert Bruce Horsfall (1913).
  †Euceratherium – type locality for genus
  • †Euceratherium collinum – type locality for species
• • †
  • † – type locality for species
• †Eucyon
  • †Eucyon davisi
• Euleptorhamphus
  • †
• Eumetopias
  • †
• †Euoplocyon
  • †
• • †
• Euphagus
  • †Euphagus cyanocephalus
• Eurytellina
  • †
• Euscelis
  • † – type locality for species
• 

  A living Eusmilia stony coral
  Eusmilia
  • † – type locality for species
• Euspira
  • †
  • †
  • †Euspira lewisii
  • †
  • †
• †
  • †
• †
  • †
• 

  A living Eutamias chipmunk
  Eutamias
• †Eutrephoceras
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • † – type locality for species
• Euvola
  • †
  • †Euvola vogdesi
• †Evesthes
  • †
• † – report made of unidentified related form or using admittedly obsolete nomenclature
  • † – type locality for species
• †Exilia
  • †
  • † – or unidentified comparable form

F[]

• Falco
  • †Falco peregrinus
  • 

    A living Falco sparverius, or American kestrel
    †Falco sparverius
• Farrea
  • † – type locality for species
• • †
  • †
• Felaniella
  • †
• Felis
  • †
  • †
• †Ficopsis
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • † – type locality for species
  • †
  • †
  • †
• 

  A living Ficus, or fig tree
  Ficus
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
  • †
  • †
  • †
• Fimbria
  • †
  • † – type locality for species
• Fissurella
  • † – or unidentified related form
  • †Fissurella volcano
• 

  Fossilized shell of the Oligocen-modern scallop Flabellipecten
  Flabellipecten
  • †
  • †
• Flabellum
  • †
  • † – type locality for species
  • †
  • †
• †Forestiera
  • †
• † – type locality for genus
  • † – type locality for species
• Forreria
  • †
  • †Forreria belcheri
  • †
  • †
• †Fragilaria
  • †
  • †
  • †
• Fratercula
  • 

    A living Fratercula cirrhata, or tufted puffin
    †Fratercula cirrhata
  • †Fratercula dowi – type locality for species
• †Fraxinus
  • † – type locality for species
• • †
• Fulgoraria
  • †
  • † – type locality for species
• †Fulica
  • †Fulica americana
• Fulmarus
  • †Fulmarus glacialis
  • †
  • † – type locality for species
  • † – type locality for species
• – tentative report
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
• Fusinus
  • †Fusinus barbarensis
  • †
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
  • †
  • † – or unidentified related form
  • †Fusinus luteopictus
  • † – type locality for species
  • † – or unidentified related form
  • †

G[]

• 

  A living Galeocerdo cuvier, or tiger shark
  Galeocerdo
  • †Galeocerdo aduncus
  • †
• Galeodea
  • †
  • † – or unidentified related form
  • †
  • † – or unidentified related form
  • †
  • †
• 

  A living Galeorhinus galeus school shark
  Galeorhinus
  • †
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
  • †
• †Ganolytes
  • †
  • †
  • † – type locality for species
• Gari
  • †
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
  • †
  • †
  • †
• †
  • †
• Gasterosteus
  • 

    A school of living Gasterosteus aculeatus, or three-spined stickleback
    †Gasterosteus aculeatus
• Gastrochaena
  • † – tentative report
• • †
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
• Gavia
  • †Gavia arctica
  • † – type locality for species
  • †
  • † – type locality for species
  • †Gavia immer
  • †Gavia pacifica
  • 

    Living adult and young Gavia stellata, or red-throated loon
    †Gavia stellata
• † – tentative report
  • † – or unidentified related form
• Gemmula
  • † – type locality for species
  • †
• Genota
  • †
• Genyonemus
  • †Genyonemus lineatus
• Geochelone
• ���Geococcyx
  • 

    A living Geococcyx californianus, or greater roadrunner
    †Geococcyx californianus
• Geomys
• Geranoaetus
• Gerrhonotus
• • †
  • †
• †Gila – tentative report
• †
• †
  • †
• Glans
  • †
• Glaucidium
  • 

    A living Glaucidium gnoma, or mountain pygmy owl
    †Glaucidium gnoma
• Glebocarcinus
  • †
• Globigerina
  • †Globigerina bulloides
  • †
  • †
  • †
• Globorotalia
  • †
• Globularia
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
• Glossus
  • † – type locality for species
• Glycimeris
• 

  Fossilized shell of a Glycymeris, or bittersweet clam
  Glycymeris
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • †
• Glyptoactis
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • †
• Glyptostrobus
  • †
• †Gnathamitermes
  • † – type locality for species
• † – type locality for genus
  • † – type locality for species
• † – type locality for genus
  • † – type locality for species
• †Gomphotaria – type locality for genus
  • †Gomphotaria pugnax – type locality for species
• 

  Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Miocene-Pleistocene elephant relative Gomphotherium
  †Gomphotherium
  • †
• †Goniobasis – tentative report
• Goniopora
  • † – type locality for species
• Gopherus
  • †
  • †Gopherus agassizii
  • † – type locality for species
• †Gordonia
  • †
• Granulina
  • †
• † – tentative report
• †
  • † – type locality for species
  • † – type locality for species
• Gymnogyps
  • 

    A living Gymnogyps californianus, or California condor
    †Gymnogyps californianus – type locality for species
• Gyroidina
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • †

H[]

• † – type locality for genus
  • † – type locality for species
• Haliaeetus
  • †Haliaeetus leucocephalus
• †Haliaetus
  • †
• †
  • †
• †
  • †
• 

  A living Haminoea bubble sea snail
  Haminoea
  • † – type locality for species
  • †
• • †
• †Hantkenina
  • †
• • †
  • †
• 

  Fossilized skull of the mesonychian mammal Harpagolestes
  †Harpagolestes – or unidentified comparable form
• †
  • †
• • †
• †Hastigerinella
  • †
• † – type locality for genus
  • † – type locality for species
• †
  • † – type locality for species
• Heloderma
• †
  • †
• 

  Fossilized lower jaw of the Miocene-Pleistocene llama relative Hemiauchenia
  †Hemiauchenia
  • †Hemiauchenia macrocephala
• Hemipristis
  • †
  • †Hemipristis serra
• Hemitelia
  • † – type locality for species
• Hemitoma
  • † – type locality for species
• †
  • † – type locality for species
  • † – type locality for species
• • †
• †Herpetocetus
  • † – type locality for species
  • † – type locality for species
• 

  Life restoration of the Eocene-Miocene mammal Herpetotherium
  †Herpetotherium
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
  • †Herpetotherium knighti – or unidentified comparable form
  • †
• †
  • † – type locality for species
  • † – type locality for species
• Hespererato
  • †Hespererato columbella
• †
  • †
• †Hesperocamelus – or unidentified comparable form
• † – type locality for genus
  • † – type locality for species
• †
• Hesperomys
  • †
• †Hesperotestudo
  • †
• 

  A living Heterodontus, or bullhead shark
  Heterodontus
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
• †
  • † – type locality for species
• Heterosilpha
  • †Heterosilpha ramosa
• • †
  • †
• †
• Hexagrammos
  • † – type locality for species
• 

  Illustration of a living Hexanchus, or sixgill shark
  Hexanchus
  • †
  • †
• Hiatella
  • †Hiatella arctica
• †Hilgardia – tentative report
  • †
• †Hiltonius
  • † – type locality for species
• 

  Life restoration of a herd of the Miocene-Pleistocene horse Hipparion. Heinrich Harder (1920).
  †Hipparion
  • †Hipparion forcei
  • †Hipparion tehonense
• †Hippidion
• †
• †
  • †
• Hipponix
  • †
  • †
• †Hipponoe
  • †
• †Hippotherium
• Histrionicus
  • †Histrionicus histrionicus – tentative report
• Hodomys
• Homalopoma
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • †
• Homo
  • †Homo sapiens
• †
• 

  Restoration of Pliocene-Pleistocene Homotherium, or scimitar cat
  †Homotherium
  • †Homotherium serum – or unidentified comparable form
• †
  • †
• †
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
• †Hoplophoneus
  • †
• †
  • †
• 

  Life restoration of the Eocene-Miocene creodont mammal Hyaenodon
  †Hyaenodon
  • †Hyaenodon venturae
  • †Hyaenodon vetus – type locality for species
• Hyalina
  • †
• †
  • †
• Hydrangea
  • † – type locality for species
• †Hydrodamalis
  • †Hydrodamalis cuestae – type locality for species
  • 

    Restorative model of the Pleistocene-Holocene manatee relative Hydrodamalis gigas, or Steller's sea cow
    †Hydrodamalis gigas
• Hydrophilus
• Hyla
• †Hyopsodus – or unidentified comparable form
• †Hyperbaena
  • †
• †Hypertragulus
  • †
  • †Hypertragulus hesperius
• †Hypohippus
• †Hypolagus
  • † – type locality for species
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
  • †
  • †
• †Hyrachyus

I[]

• †
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
• †Idiophyseter – type locality for genus
  • † – type locality for species
• †Ignacius
  • †
• †Ilingoceros
• 

  Restoration of the Miocene walrus Imagotaria
  †Imagotaria – type locality for genus
  • †Imagotaria downsi – type locality for species
• †Indarctos
• †Inga
  • † – type locality for species
• †
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
• †Ioscion
  • †
• Ischnochiton
  • †
• †Ischyrocyon
  • †Ischyrocyon gidleyi
• 

  Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Eocene-Oligocene rodent Ischyromys
  †Ischyromys
• Iselica
  • †
• Isognomon
  • †
• Isurus
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • †Isurus oxyrinchus
  • †Isurus planus

J[]

• †
  • † – type locality for species
• †
  • † – type locality for species
• Jaton
  • †
  • †
• †
  • † – type locality for species
• • †
• †Julus
  • † – type locality for species
  • † – type locality for species
• †
  • † – type locality for species
• †Juncus
• 

  A living Juniperus, or juniper tree
  Juniperus

K[]

• • † – or unidentified comparable form
• † – type locality for genus
  • † – type locality for species
• • †
  • †
• Kelletia
  • †Kelletia kelletii
• Kellia
  • †
• 

  Life restoration of the Oligocene-Miocene dolphin Kentriodon
  †Kentriodon – type locality for genus
  • † – type locality for species
• †Keteleeria
  • †
• † – tentative report
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
• †Kingena
  • †
• † – or unidentified comparable form
• † – or unidentified comparable form
• †
• • †
• Kurtzia
  • †Kurtzia arteaga
• Kurtziella
  • †Kurtziella plumbea

L[]

• 

  Shell in multiple views of a Labyrinthus land snail
  †Labyrinthus
  • † – type locality for species
• Lacuna
  • †
  • †Lacuna porrecta
  • †
  • †Lacuna unifasciata
• †Lacunaria
  • † – or unidentified related form
• Laevicardium
  • 

    Shell of a Laevicardium elatum, or giant egg cockle
    †Laevicardium elatum
  • †
• Lagena
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • †
• Lamelliconcha
  • †
• Lamna
• Lampanyctus
• †Lampris – type locality for genus
  • 

    Life restoration of the Miocene opah fish Lampris zatima
    †Lampris zatima – type locality for species
• † – type locality for genus
  • † – type locality for species
  • † – type locality for species
• Lampropeltis
  • †Lampropeltis getulus
• †
  • †
  • †
• †
  • †
• Larus
  • 

    A living Larus californicus, or California gull
    †Larus californicus
  • †Larus delawarensis
  • †Larus glaucescens
  • †Larus philadelphia
• Latirus
  • †
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
• †
  • †
  • †
• †Laytonia – type locality for genus
  • † – type locality for species
• Lechytia
• Leda
  • †
• † – type locality for genus
  • † – type locality for species
• †
• † – type locality for genus
  • † – type locality for species
• • †
• Lepeta
  • †
• 

  A living Lepidochitona chiton
  Lepidochitona
  • †
• †
  • †
• Lepidozona
  • †
• Lepisosteus
  • †Lepisosteus spatula – or unidentified comparable form
• †Leptacanthichthys
  • †Leptacanthichthys gracilispinis
• †
  • †
  • †
• 

  Illustration of a fossilized skull of the Oligocene-Miocene dog Leptocyon
  †Leptocyon
  • †
  • † – type locality for species
  • †Leptocyon vafer
  • †Leptocyon vulpinus
• †
  • †
• †Leptomeryx
  • †
• Leptopecten
  • †
  • 

    A living Leptopecten latiauratus, or kelp scallop
    †Leptopecten latiauratus
• †Leptoreodon
  • † – type locality for species
  • † – type locality for species
  • † – type locality for species
  • † – type locality for species
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
  • † – type locality for species
  • † – type locality for species
• †
  • †
• Lepus
  • †Lepus americanus
  • †Lepus californicus
  • †Lepus callotis
• Leukoma
  • †Leukoma staminea
• Lima
• Limaria
  • †
• 

  Top view of a fossilized skull of the Eocene creodont mammal Limnocyon
  †Limnocyon
• †
  • † – type locality for species
• †Limosa
  • †Limosa fedoa
  • † – type locality for species
• Linga
• †Linophryne
  • †Linophryne indica
• †Liolithax – type locality for genus
  • † – type locality for species
• Liquidambar
  • †
• – tentative report
• †Lirosceles
  • † – type locality for species
• Lirularia
  • †
  • †Lirularia lirulata
• Lissodelphis – or unidentified comparable form
• †Lithocarpus
  • †
  • †
• Lithophaga
  • †
• Lithophyllum
  • † – type locality for species
• 

  Life restoration of the Paleocene-Eocene bird Lithornis
  †Lithornis – or unidentified comparable form
• Lithothamnion
  • †
  • † – type locality for species
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • † – or unidentified related form
  • †
• †
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
• Littorina
  • †
  • †
  • †Littorina scutulata
• †
  • †
• 

  Life restoration of the Miocene marine drumfish Lompoquia
  †Lompoquia – type locality for genus
  • † – type locality for species
• †
  • † – type locality for species
• Lontra
  • †Lontra canadensis
• †Lophar – type locality for genus
  • †Lophar miocaenus – type locality for species
• †Lophocetus
  • † – type locality for species
• †Lophortyx
  • †
• †Lora
• †
• Lottia
  • †Lottia limatula
  • 

    Shell of a Lottia scabra, or rough limpet
    †Lottia scabra
• † – type locality for genus
  • † – type locality for species
• †
  • †
• Lucapinella
  • †Lucapinella callomarginata
• Lucina
  • †
  • †
• Lucinisca
  • †
• Lucinoma
  • †
  • †
• Luidia
  • † – type locality for species
  • † – type locality for species
• †
  • † – type locality for species
• 

  Fossilized skull of the Eocene carnivoran mammal Lycophocyon
  †Lycophocyon – type locality for genus
  • †Lycophocyon hutchisoni – type locality for species
• †Lygisma – type locality for genus
  • † – type locality for species
• Lygodium
  • †
• Lynx
  • †
  • †Lynx rufus
• Lyonsia
  • †
  • † – type locality for species
• Lyria
  • †
• †
  • †
• †
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • †
• † – tentative report

M[]

• † – tentative report
  • †
• 

  Fossilized cranium of the Miocene-Pleistocene saber-toothed cat Machairodus
  †Machairodus
• Macoma
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • 

    Shell of Macoma nasuta, or the bent-nosed clam
    †Macoma nasuta
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
  • †
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
  • †
  • †
• Macrarene
• Macrocallista
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
  • † – type locality for species
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • †
• †
  • †
• 

  Life restoration of the Oligocene toothed-whale Macrodelphinus (background)
  †Macrodelphinus – type locality for genus
  • † – type locality for species
• †
  • † – type locality for species
• • †
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
  • †
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
  • †
  • † – type locality for species
  • † – type locality for species
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • †
• • †
  • †
• Madracis
  • † – type locality for species
• Madrepora
  • † – type locality for species
• 

  Close-up view of a Magnolia flower
  Magnolia
  • †
  • †
• Mahonia
  • †
  • †
  • †
• Makaira
• Malea
  • †Malea ringens
• Mallotus
  • †
• †
  • † – type locality for species
• †Mammut^[2]
  • †Mammut americanum – all local specimens previously referred to this species have since been reclassified in the new species M. pacificus.^[3]
  • †Mammut cosoensis
  • †Mammut matthewi
  • †Mammut pacificus – type locality for species. Many specimens were previously regarded as specimens of M. americanum.^[4]
• †Mammuthus
  • †Mammuthus columbi
  • †Mammuthus exilis
  • †
  • 

    Restoration of a herd of Mammuthus primigenius, or wooly mammoths
    †Mammuthus primigenius
• †Mancalla – type locality for genus
  • †Mancalla californiensis – type locality for species
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
  • †
  • † – type locality for species
  • † – type locality for species
  • † – type locality for species
  • † – type locality for species
  • †
  • † – type locality for species
• †Mangelia
  • †
• †
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
• Margarites
  • †Margarites pupillus
• 

  A living Marginella margin sea snail
  Marginella
• • † – or unidentified comparable form
  • †
  • †
  • †
• Marmota
• †
  • †
• 

  A living Martes, or marten
  Martes
• Martesia
  • † – type locality for species
• †
  • † – type locality for species
• • †
• Maxwellia
  • †Maxwellia gemma
• †Mayena – tentative report
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
• †
  • †
• †Mediochoerus
  • †
• †Megacamelus
  • †
• Megachasma
  • †Megachasma applegatei – type locality for species
• Megachile
  • †Megachile gentilis
• †Megahippus
  • †
  • † – type locality for species
• 

  Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Miocene-Pleistocene ground sloth Megalonyx
  †Megalonyx
  • †Megalonyx jeffersonii
  • † – type locality for species
  • †Megalonyx wheatleyi
• Megalops – tentative report
  • †
• †Megapaloelodus
  • †
• †
• Megaptera
  • †Megaptera miocaena – type locality for species
• • †
  • †
• Megathura – tentative report
• †Megatylopus
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
• †
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
• Melampus
  • †
  • †
• Melanella
  • †
  • †
• Melanitta
  • † – type locality for species
  • †Melanitta deglandi – tentative report
  • †Melanitta fusca
  • †Melanitta perspicillata
• Melanoplus
  • †Melanoplus differentialis
• Meleagris
  • † – type locality for species
• †Meliosma
  • † – type locality for species
• †Melosira
  • †
• Melospiza
  • †Melospiza melodia
• †
• †Meniscotherium
  • †
• 

  Life restoration of the Miocene rhinoceros Menoceras
  †Menoceras
  • †Menoceras barbouri
• Mephitis
  • †Mephitis mephitis
• † – report made of unidentified related form or using admittedly obsolete nomenclature
  • †
• Meretrix
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • † – type locality for species
  • †
  • † – type locality for species
• Mergus
  • †Mergus serrator
• Merluccius
  • †Merluccius productus
• † – type locality for genus
  • † – type locality for species
• 

  Life restoration of the Miocene pronghorn Merriamoceros with an anachronistic human to scale
  †Merriamoceros
  • † – type locality for species
• †Merychippus
  • † – type locality for species
  • † – type locality for species
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
  • †
• †Merychyus
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • †
• †
  • † – type locality for species
• 

  Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Miocene pronghorn Merycodus
  †Merycodus
  • †
  • †
• Mesalia
  • † – type locality for species
  • †
• †Mesocyon
  • †
  • †
• †Mesodma – tentative report
• †Mesohippus
• Mesophyllum
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • † – type locality for species
  • †
• 

  Fossilized skull of the Miocene oreodont mammal Mesoreodon
  †Mesoreodon
  • †
• †
  • †
• †Metalopex
  • †
• †
  • † – type locality for species
  • †
  • † – type locality for species
  • † – type locality for species
• †Metarhinus
  • † – type locality for species
• †Metatomarctus
  • †Metatomarctus canavus
• 

  Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Miocene-Pleistocene manatee relative Metaxytherium
  †Metaxytherium
  • †
• †
  • †
• †Miacis
  • † – type locality for species
• †Michenia
  • †
  • †
• • †
• †Microcosmodon – or unidentified comparable form
• Microdipodops
• 

  A modern Microgadus, or tomcod
  Microgadus – tentative report
• †
  • †
• †
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
  • † – type locality for species
  • † – type locality for species
• †
• †Microsyops
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
  • † – type locality for species
• †Microtomarctus
  • †
• Microtus
  • 

    A living Microtus californicus, or California vole
    †Microtus californicus
  • †
  • † – type locality for species
• • †
  • †
• • † – type locality for species
  • †
  • †
  • †
• †Mimomys
• †
  • † – type locality for species
• † – type locality for genus
  • † – type locality for species
  • † – type locality for species
• †Miocryptorhopalum – type locality for genus
  • † – type locality for species
• †Miocyon
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
• † – type locality for genus
  • † – type locality for species
• † – type locality for genus
  • † – type locality for species
• † – type locality for genus
  • † – type locality for species
• †Miohippus
  • †
• †
  • † – type locality for species
  • † – type locality for species
• 

  Fossilized skull (top) and interpretive line drawing (middle) of the Miocene auk relative Miomancalla compared with the skull of a Holocene Pinguinus impennis, or great auk
  †Miomancalla
  • † – type locality for species
  • † – type locality for species
• † – type locality for genus
  • † – type locality for species
• † – type locality for genus
  • † – type locality for species
• †
• †
  • †
• †
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
• † – type locality for genus
  • † – type locality for species
• †Miotapirus
• †
  • † – type locality for species
• † – type locality for genus
  • † – type locality for species
• †Miotylopus
  • †
• 

  Restoration of the Pliocene-Pleistocene Miracinonyx, or American cheetah
  †Miracinonyx
  • †Miracinonyx studeri – tentative report
• Mirounga
  • †Mirounga angustirostris – or unidentified comparable form
• Mitra
  • †Mitra fultoni
  • †Mitra idae
  • †
  • †
• Mitrella
  • †Mitrella carinata
  • †
  • †
  • †
• †Mixocetus – type locality for genus
  • † – type locality for species
• • †
• Modiolus
  • 

    Exterior (left) and interior of the shell of a Modiolus capax, or fat horsemussel
    †Modiolus capax – or unidentified comparable form
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • †
• Modulus
  • †
• †
  • † – type locality for species
  • †
  • †
• †
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
  • †
  • †
  • † – type locality for species
  • †
  • †
• • †
• 

  Shell in multiple views of a Monoplex triton sea snail
  Monoplex
  • †Monoplex amictus
• †Monosaulax
  • †
• Montipora
• †
  • †
  • †
• Mopalia
  • †
  • †Mopalia ciliata
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
• 

  Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Miocene chalicothere mammal Moropus
  †Moropus
• Morula
  • †
• Morus – or unidentified comparable form
• Morus
  • † – type locality for species
  • † – type locality for species
  • † – type locality for species
  • † – type locality for species
  • † – type locality for species
  • †
  • †
  • † – type locality for species
• Mulinia
  • †
• Murex – or unidentified related form
  • † – or unidentified related form
• Musculus
• Mustela
  • † – type locality for species
  • †Mustela frenata
• †Mya
  • †
  • †
  • †Mya truncata
• †
  • †
• Myctophum
• Myliobatis
  • †Myliobatis californicus
• 

  Fossilized skeleton of the Pliocene-Holocene peccary Mylohyus
  †Mylohyus
  • †Mylohyus fossilis
• †Mylopharodon
  • †Mylopharodon conocephalus
• Myodes
• • †
• †
  • †
• Mytilus
  • †
  • 

    Living Mytilus californianus, or california mussels
    †Mytilus californianus
  • †Mytilus edulis
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • †
  • †
• †
• †
  • † – type locality for species
  • † – or unidentified comparable form
• Myurella
  • †