Mary Kay

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For the Greek landscape photographer, see Mary Kay (landscape photographer).
Mary Kay Inc.
TypePrivately held company
IndustryMulti-level marketing
FoundedSeptember 13, 1963; 57 years ago (1963-09-13)
Dallas, Texas, U.S.
HeadquartersAddison, Texas, U.S.
Key people
Richard R. Rogers, Executive Chairman
David Holl, CEO
ProductsCosmetics, skin care
RevenueUS$3 billion (2020)[1]
Number of employees
Staff 5,000
Salespeople 3.5 million worldwide (2015)[2]
Websitewww.marykay.com

Mary Kay Inc. is an American privately owned multi-level marketing company.[3][4][5][6][7][8] According to Direct Selling News, Mary Kay was the sixth largest network marketing company in the world in 2018, with a wholesale volume of US$3.25 billion.[9] Mary Kay is based in Addison, Texas. The company was founded by Mary Kay Ash in 1963. Richard Rogers, Ash's son, is the chairman, and David Holl is president and was named CEO in 2006.[10][11][12]

Business model[]

Mary Kay corporate headquarters in Addison, Texas

Mary Kay sells cosmetics through a multi-level marketing model. Mary Kay distributors (called beauty consultants) can potentially make income by directly selling to people in their community, and also receive a commission on wholesale purchases made by people they recruit into the distribution network. Mary Kay distributors must purchase a $100 starter kit to qualify.[13] As a private company, Mary Kay releases few details about the average income of its sellers.[13]

Starting in 1963 with 318 consultants and sales of $198,154,[14] Mary Kay gradually expanded its reach first within the United States, then internationally. The company exceeded $500 million in sales through 220,000 consultants by 1991.[15] In 1995, its sales had grown to $950 million, including $25 million in Russia.[16] As of 2017, Mary Kay’s continuous multinational expansion had seen its sales grow to $3.7 billion with 2.5 million consultants, 39,000 directors and 600 national directors.[9][17]

Manufacturing plants[]

The primary manufacturing plant is in Dallas, Texas. A second plant was opened in Hangzhou, China, to manufacture and package products for that market. A third plant was opened in 1997, in La Chaux-de-Fonds, Switzerland for the European market. The Swiss plant closed in 2003.

Cars[]

In 1968, Mary Kay Ash purchased the first pink Cadillac from a Dallas dealership, where it was repainted on site to match the "Mountain Laurel Blush" in a compact Ash carried. The Cadillac served as a mobile advertisement for the business. The following year, Ash rewarded the company's top five salespeople with similarly painted 1970 Coupe de Ville cars. GM has painted over 100,000 custom cars for Mary Kay. The specific shade has varied over the years from bubble-gum to soft pearlescent pink. GM had an exclusive agreement to sell cars of the specific shade only through Mary Kay. The cars are awarded to Independent Beauty Consultants/Directors as company-paid, two-year leases, and Consultants/Directors who choose to buy the cars at the end of the two year lease period are only allowed to resell them to authorized dealers. After the lease expires, the cars are repainted before being resold.[18]

Mary Kay has different car incentive levels for its Consultants. Independent Beauty Consultants and Directors can earn the use of a silver Chevrolet Malibu or a cash compensation of $425 a month. Independent Sales Directors can also earn a black Chevrolet Equinox, Chevrolet Traverse, Mini Cooper or $500 a month. Top performing Independent Sales Directors can choose between the pink Cadillac XT5 or XT6, or cash option of $900 a month.[19] The specific qualifications for earning the car depend upon the country, and vehicle that is desired. If those qualifications are not met, then the Independent Beauty Consultant/Director has to pay for a portion of the lease of the car for that month. Meeting the qualifications entitles the Independent Beauty Consultant/Director to pay no monthly lease and 85% of the car insurance, or a pre-determined cash compensation award.[20] In 2011, a solid black Ford Mustang was introduced as an incentive.[21] In 2014, a black BMW was introduced in its place, although the pink Cadillac remains the top reward for those Independent Directors whose units purchase over $100,000 or more of MK products at wholesale cost in a year. Internationally, the cars available also vary depending on the regions and countries.

Earnings for salespeople[]

There are two ways for Independent Beauty Consultants to earn money in Mary Kay:

  • Recruiting
  • Retail sales

Recruiting commission earnings[]

"Recruiting commission earnings" reflects the commission and bonuses of 4, 9 or 13% that one earns from the wholesale purchases of MK products by their team or unit. These bonuses come straight from Mary Kay corporate and not from the Independent Beauty Consultants' team or units pockets. It does not include income from retail sales nor does it include income from the Mary Kay tools business. In 2018 Mary Kay (Canada) claimed the following incomes for its salesforce:[22]

  • 29,500 people were consultants during the year;
  • 1,743 consultants earned more than CAD 100 in commission;
  • 224 of the 447 sales directors earned more than CAD 20,378 in commission;
  • 9 of the 16 national directors earned more than CAD 100,000 in commission;

For Mary Kay (USA) National Sales Directors, the 2006 median gross income (prior to business expenses) was $175,443.[23]

Retail sales earnings[]

Mary Kay Independent Beauty Consultants earn a 50% gross profit on products they sell at full retail price. There is no tracking by the company of actual sales. The quoted figure of US$1,057.14 per year (2015) for the average consultant derives from dividing the annual wholesale sales by Mary Kay Inc., by the number of Mary Kay consultants. This figure does not account for product returns, eBay, auctions, sales at a discount, and purchases by "personal use consultants"—all of which would lower this figure.[citation needed]

Consultant turnover rate[]

A 68.6% per annum turnover figure has been calculated based upon information supplied by Mary Kay (USA) to the Federal Trade Commission.[24] An 85% per annum turnover figure has been calculated, based upon the data supplied by Mary Kay (Canada).[25] That document excludes individuals who earn a commission and are in the company for less than one year. It also excludes individuals who are in the company for more than one year but do not earn a commission check.

Court cases[]

Woolf v. Mary Kay Cosmetics[]

The 2004 court case Woolf v. Mary Kay Cosmetics was originally decided in favor of the plaintiff, Claudine Woolf. In doing so it marked the first time[26] that workplace rights could be applied to independent contractors who worked from their home. This decision was stayed and then reversed after an appeal. The Supreme Court denied certiorari on 31 May 2005.[27] In this case, Woolf was terminated from her position as Independent Sales Director because her unit failed to make production for three consecutive months. Woolf contended that her firing was illegal, because of her medical condition — she was suffering from cancer.

Liquidator court cases[]

In May 2008, Mary Kay, Inc., sued Touch of Pink Cosmetics, a website that sells product from former Mary Kay consultants at heavily reduced prices. The company claims that Touch of Pink interferes with its business by offering to purchase inventory from discontinued Independent Beauty Consultants, and that Touch of Pink's use of the Mary Kay trademark in reference to Mary Kay products it sells is deceiving.[28] The jury found in favor of Mary Kay and awarded a judgement of $1.139 million.[29]

On 20 July 2009, Mary Kay, Inc., sued Pink Face Cosmetics for trademark infringement.[30] The specific issue appears to be the use of the Mary Kay name, in selling Mary Kay products on eBay and other Internet venues for less than the wholesale cost of the products.

References[]

  1. ^ "Mary Kay". Forbes. Retrieved 12 February 2021.
  2. ^ Mary Kay Company Quick Facts Mary Kay Company Quick Facts Retrieved 2017-01-28
  3. ^ "Multi-Level Marketing or Illegal Pyramid Scheme?". Government of Michigan. Archived from the original on 2020-02-07. Retrieved 2020-02-07.
  4. ^ Richards, Laura (2019-01-22). "How MLMs — multilevel marketing schemes — are hurting female friendships". The Washington Post. Retrieved 2020-02-07.
  5. ^ Hicken, Melanie (2013-01-10). "The money behind Herbalife, Mary Kay and others". CNN Money. Retrieved 2020-02-07.
  6. ^ Olen, Helaine (2012-07-20). "Mary Kay Preys on Women". Forbes. Retrieved 2020-02-07.
  7. ^ Ebert, Alex (2018-04-30). "Trade Group for Amway, Mary Kay Wants States to Limit Labor Suits". Bloomberg Law. Retrieved 2020-02-07.
  8. ^ Gaby, Del Valle (2018-10-22). "Multilevel marketing companies say they can make you rich. Here's how much 7 sellers actually earned". Vox. Retrieved 2020-02-07.
  9. ^ Jump up to: a b Direct Selling News, May 2, 2018: DSN Announces the 2018 Global 100! Retrieved 2019-03-16
  10. ^ 2011 Press Kit The Company Archived July 14, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
  11. ^ Mary Kay Company Information page Archived August 8, 2007, at the Wayback Machine
  12. ^ Mary Kay At-A-Glance — June 2006
  13. ^ Jump up to: a b Hicken, Melanie (10 January 2013). "The money behind Herbalife, Mary Kay and others". CNN Money. Retrieved 12 April 2014.
  14. ^ "Mary Kay Ash". 20th Century American Leaders Database. Harvard Business School. Retrieved 2010-10-20.
  15. ^ Camerius, James W.; Clinton, James W. (1993). "Avon Products, Inc: Developing a Global Perspective" (PDF). Washington, DC: Direct Selling Education Foundation. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 October 2010. Retrieved 2010-10-20.
  16. ^ "Company Retrospective". Mary Kay (UK). Archived from the original on 26 December 2007. Retrieved 2010-10-20.
  17. ^ MK Corporate Press Kit 2006 Archived July 11, 2007, at the Wayback Machine
  18. ^ Clanton, Brett (27 June 2006). "Mary Kay Inc. Loves Cadillac, and the Feeling Is Mutual". The Ledger. Retrieved 21 May 2014.
  19. ^ "Mary Kay Sales Director Earnings: Less Than Minimum Wage". Pink Truth. 13 November 2015. Retrieved 5 April 2018.
  20. ^ Brochure: Mary Kay Career Car Plan Guidelines — February 2005.
  21. ^ "Ford Mustang revs up as Mary Kay's newest ride". www.leftlanenews.com. Retrieved 5 April 2018.
  22. ^ Earnings Representation 2018 Retrieved 2019-03-17
  23. ^ "US National 1206 Commission" (PDF). archive-it.org. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 July 2007. Retrieved 5 April 2018.
  24. ^ Mary Kay Letter to the FTC regarding proposed changes in the rules governing MLMs. Archived July 3, 2007, at the Wayback Machine
  25. ^ Mary Kay Canadian Earnings Archived 2007-09-29 at the Wayback Machine
  26. ^ "Law.com". Law.com. Retrieved 5 April 2018.
  27. ^ Order List:544 US
  28. ^ Mary Kay Inc. v. Amy L. Weber, Scott J. Weber and Touch of Pink Cosmetics, 601 F Supp. 2d 839 (N.D. Tex February 20, 2009).
  29. ^ LJ (April 4, 2009). "Mary Kay Wins Lawsuit Against Touch of Pink Cosmetics". PinkLighthouse. Retrieved April 10, 2018.
  30. ^ "Mary Kay Suing Another Product Liquidator". Pink Truth. July 23, 2009. Retrieved April 11, 2018.



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