Missing (1982 film)
Missing | |
---|---|
Directed by | Costa-Gavras |
Screenplay by | Costa-Gavras Donald E. Stewart |
Based on | Missing by Thomas Hauser |
Produced by | Edward Lewis Mildred Lewis |
Starring |
|
Cinematography | Ricardo Aronovich |
Edited by | Françoise Bonnot |
Music by | Vangelis |
Production company | PolyGram Pictures |
Distributed by | Universal Pictures |
Release date |
|
Running time | 122 minutes |
Country | United States[1] |
Languages | English Spanish |
Budget | $9.5 million[2] |
Box office | $16 million (US)[3][4] |
Missing (stylized as missing.) is a 1982 biographical drama film directed by Costa-Gavras from a screenplay written by Gavras and Donald E. Stewart, adapted from the book The Execution of Charles Horman: An American Sacrifice (1978) by Thomas Hauser (later republished under the title Missing in 1982), based on the disappearance of American journalist Charles Horman, in the aftermath of the United States-backed Chilean coup of 1973, that deposed the democratically elected socialist President Salvador Allende.[2]
It stars Jack Lemmon, Sissy Spacek, Melanie Mayron, John Shea, Janice Rule and Charles Cioffi. Set largely during the days and weeks following Horman's disappearance, the film examines the relationship between Horman's wife Beth and his father Edmund and their subsequent quest to find Horman.
Missing was theatrically released on February 12, 1982 to critical acclaim and modest commercial success, grossing $16 million on a $9.5 million budget. The film premiered at the 1982 Cannes Film Festival where it was jointly awarded the Palme d'Or (along with the Turkish film Yol), while Lemmon won the Best Actor prize. It received four nominations at the 55th Academy Awards; Best Picture, Best Actor (for Lemmon), Best Actress (for Spacek) and won Best Adapted Screenplay. The film created significant controversy in Chile and was banned during Augusto Pinochet's dictatorship, even though neither Chile nor Pinochet is ever mentioned by name (although the Chilean cities of Viña del Mar and Santiago are).[5]
Plot[]
Ed Horman (Jack Lemmon) arrives in Chile to search for his son Charlie (John Shea), who worked as a journalist and disappeared during the recent military coup. Ed meets his daughter-in-law, Beth (Sissy Spacek), with whom he has a strained relationship and they fight over politics. Ed blames his son and daughter-in-law's radical political views for Charlie's disappearance, while Beth blames the American government. Ed uses his connections to meet with various government officials to find out the truth about his son's disappearance.
As he investigates, Ed finds that the American embassy is not as helpful as he thought they would be and he suspects them of hiding information about Charlie. One U.S. diplomat is polite and friendly but constantly lies to him; a high-ranking American military attache is blunt and tells Ed that whatever happened to Charlie was his own fault, noting "You play with fire, you get burned." Together, he and Beth learn that the U.S. had many interests in the country that have been enhanced by the coup and its aftermath and that many military officials aided Pinochet in the coup. As Ed becomes disillusioned with the American government, he comes to respect the work Beth and Charlie were doing and he and Beth reconcile. When they receive proof that Charlie was murdered by the junta and that the U.S. let it happen, he tells the embassy officials "I just thank God we live in a country where we can still put people like you in jail!"
The film ends with a postscript stating that after his return to the United States, Ed received the body of his son Charlie seven months later, making an autopsy impossible, and that a subsequent lawsuit against the US government was dismissed. It also adds that the State Department denies its involvement in the Pinochet coup, a position maintained to the present day.
Cast[]
- Sissy Spacek as Beth Horman
- Jack Lemmon as Edmund "Ed" Horman
- Melanie Mayron as Terry Simon
- John Shea as Charles "Charlie" Horman
- Charles Cioffi as Capt. Ray Tower, USN
- David Clennon as Consul Phil Putnam
- Richard Venture as U.S. Ambassador
- Jerry Hardin as Colonel Sean Patrick
- Richard Bradford as Andrew Babcock
- Joe Regalbuto as Frank Teruggi
- Keith Szarabajka as David Holloway
- John Doolittle as David McGeary
- Janice Rule as Kate Newman
- Ward Costello as Congressman
- Hansford Rowe as Senator
- Tina Romero as Maria
- Richard Whiting as Statesman
Production[]
The film was shot in Mexico[6] with a budget of $9.5 million from Universal Studios, marking Costa-Gavras' most expensive production.[2]
Soundtrack[]
The score is by the Greek electronic composer Vangelis. The movie's piano theme has been used extensively in commercials, but an official release of the film's soundtrack has not yet occurred. The main theme appeared first on Vangelis' 1989 album Themes. The main theme is also available on the Festival de Cannes (60th Anniversary) compilation of famous soundtracks. A bootleg release of the soundtrack exists. A sung version with lyrics by Tim Rice has been recorded by Elaine Paige and Nana Mouskouri. A 7-inch single was released by Polydor in 1989.[7]
Release[]
Missing was released in theaters on February 12, 1982, in limited theaters and was released widely on March 12, 1982, in 733 theaters. It ranked at #3 at the box office, grossing $2.3 million. In its first week, it grossed $5.5 million. In its second weekend, it landed at #5, making $1.8 million. For its second week, it made $2.3 million. After 49 days and 7 weeks in theaters, the film made between $14[3] and $16[4] million in the US.
The film was released on both VHS and Laserdisc, in 1982 and 1987, by MCA Videocassette, MCA Videodisc, and MCA Home Video respectively. The VHS version was pulled from the market due to the lawsuit filed against director Costa-Gavras. Universal Home Video re-released Missing on DVD in 2004, following the dismissal of the lawsuit. A special edition DVD was released by The Criterion Collection in October 2008.
Lawsuit[]
In 1983, a year after the film's theatrical release, both the film (then in the home video market) and Thomas Hauser's book The Execution of Charles Horman were removed from the United States market following a lawsuit filed against Costa-Gavras and Universal Pictures's (then) parent company MCA by former ambassador Nathaniel Davis and two others for libel.[8] A lawsuit against Hauser himself was dismissed because the statute of limitations had expired. Davis and his associates lost their lawsuit, after which the film was re-released by Universal in 2006.[9]
Reception[]
Reviews[]
Roger Ebert gave the film three stars, writing that while the film was being cited for courage in criticism of the U.S. government, the criticism was clouded by its direction,[5] but the best scenes were where Lemmon and Spacek's character were bogged down by the embassy's "niceties" in their search:
By the time Missing begins its crucial last half-hour, a strange thing has happened. We care about this dead American, and his wife and father, almost despite the movie. The performances of Spacek and Lemmon carry us along through the movie's undisciplined stylistic displays.[5]
Vincent Canby, writing for The New York Times, positively reviewed the film's message and Ricardo Aronovich's cinematography.[6]
In his 2015 Movie Guide, Leonard Maltin awarded Missing three and a half stars, highlighting Lemmon's acting and crediting Costa-Gavras as a skilled director.[10] The film has a 94% approval rating on Rotten Tomatoes, based on 32 reviews with the consensus: "Thanks in large part to strong performances from Sissy Spacek and Jack Lemmon, Missing is both a gripping character exploration and an effective political thriller."[11]
Accolades[]
Missing won the Palme d'Or (Golden Palm) at the 1982 Cannes Film Festival, while Lemmon was awarded Best Actor for his performance.[12]
Award | Date of ceremony | Category | Recipient(s) | Result | Ref(s) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Academy Awards | 11 April 1983 | Best Picture | Edward Lewis and | Nominated | [13] |
Best Actor | Jack Lemmon | Nominated | |||
Best Actress | Sissy Spacek | Nominated | |||
Best Adapted Screenplay | Costa-Gavras and Donald Stewart | Won | |||
British Academy Film Awards | 20 March 1983 | Best Film | Edward Lewis and Mildred Lewis | Nominated | [14] |
Best Direction | Costa-Gavras | Nominated | |||
Best Actor | Jack Lemmon | Nominated | |||
Best Actress | Sissy Spacek | Nominated | |||
Best Screenplay | Costa-Gavras and Donald Stewart | Won | |||
Best Editing | Françoise Bonnot | Won | |||
Best Score | Vangelis Papathanassiou | Nominated | |||
Cannes Film Festival | 14 – 26 May 1982 | Palme d'Or | Costa-Gavras | Won | [12] |
Best Actor | Jack Lemmon | Won | |||
Golden Globes | 29 January 1983 | Best Motion Picture – Drama | Missing | Nominated | [15] |
Best Director – Motion Picture | Costa-Gavras | Nominated | |||
Best Screenplay | Costa-Gavras | Nominated | |||
Best Actor in a Motion Picture – Drama | Jack Lemmon | Nominated | |||
Best Actress in a Motion Picture – Drama | Sissy Spacek | Nominated | |||
London Film Critics' Circle | 1982 | Best Film | Costa-Gavras | Won | [16] |
National Board of Review | 14 February 1983 | Top Ten Films | Missing | Won | [17] |
See also[]
- Forced disappearance
- 1973 Chilean coup d'état
- Operation Condor (also known as Plan Condor)
References[]
- ^ "Estudios Churubusco". British Film Institute. Retrieved March 22, 2021.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c Wolf, William (1 February 1982). "Costa-Gavras Goes to Hollywood". New York. p. 44.
- ^ Jump up to: a b "Missing (1982)". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved May 2, 2016.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Box Office Information for Missing. The Numbers. Retrieved March 27, 2013.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c Ebert, Roger (January 1, 1982). "Missing (1982)". RogerEbert.com. Chicago Sun-Times. Retrieved March 16, 2017.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Canby, Vincent (12 February 1982). "'MISSING' BY COSTA-GAVRAS". The New York Times. Retrieved 17 June 2017.
- ^ "Vangelis – Missing". Discogs.
- ^ https://casetext.com/case/davis-v-costa-gavras-2
- ^ https://www.nytimes.com/1983/01/11/movies/libel-suit-is-filed-against-missing.html
- ^ Maltin, Leonard (2014). Leonard Maltin's 2015 Movie Guide. Penguin. ISBN 978-0698183612.
- ^ "Missing (1982)". Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved 17 June 2017.
- ^ Jump up to: a b "Festival de Cannes: Missing". festival-cannes.com. Retrieved 2009-06-12.
- ^ "THE 55TH ACADEMY AWARDS". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 17 June 2017.
- ^ "Film in 1983". British Academy of Film and Television Arts. Retrieved 17 June 2017.
- ^ "Missing". Hollywood Foreign Press Association. Retrieved 17 June 2017.
- ^ "AWARD: FILM OF THE YEAR". London Film Critics' Circle. 12 April 2010. Retrieved 17 June 2017.
- ^ "1982 Award Winners". National Board of Review. Retrieved 16 June 2017.
Further reading[]
- Hauser, Thomas (1978). The Execution of Charles Horman: An American Sacrifice. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich. ISBN 0-151-29456-9.
- Hauser, Thomas (1982). Missing: A New Film by Costa-Gavras. New York: AVON. ISBN 0-380-49098-6.
External links[]
Wikiquote has quotations related to: Missing (1982 film) |
- Missing at IMDb
- Missing at AllMovie
- Missing at Rotten Tomatoes
- Missing: “Who Would Care About Us If We Disappeared?” An essay by Michael Wood at the Criterion Collection.
- 1982 films
- Charles Horman
- 1980s thriller drama films
- American films
- American political thriller films
- Mexican films
- Mexican thriller films
- English-language films
- Spanish-language films
- Docudrama films
- Films about the Chilean military dictatorship
- Films based on non-fiction books
- Films about missing people
- Films directed by Costa Gavras
- Films scored by Vangelis
- Films whose writer won the Best Adapted Screenplay Academy Award
- Palme d'Or winners
- Films set in Chile
- Films set in 1973
- Films shot in Mexico
- Estudios Churubusco films
- Forced disappearance
- Political repression in Chile during the military government (1973–1990)
- Political films based on actual events
- Films whose writer won the Best Screenplay BAFTA Award
- PolyGram Filmed Entertainment films
- Films shot in Mexico City
- 1980s political films
- 1982 drama films
- Biographical films about journalists
- Films about coups d'état