Monacha

Monacha
	Two live individuals of Monacha cartusiana on a human hand
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Mollusca
Class:	Gastropoda
Order:	Stylommatophora
Infraorder:
Superfamily:	Helicoidea
Family:	Hygromiidae
Genus:	Monacha; Fitzinger, 1833
Type species
	Helix cartusiana O. F. Müller, 1774;
Synonyms
	Boemica Schileyko, 1978; Carthusiana Kobelt, 1871; Carthusianana Fagot, 1893; Cemeneleana Caziot, 1908; Eutheba H. Nordsieck, 1993; Helix (Carthusiana) Kobelt, 1871; Helix (Monacha) Fitzinger, 1833; Helix (Zenobia) Gray, 1821 (subjective senior synonym of Monacha Fitzinger, 1833); Monacha (Aegaeotheba) Neiber & Hausdorf, 2017· accepted, alternate representation; Monacha (Eutheba) H. Nordsieck, 1993 (original rank); Monacha (Metatheba) P. Hesse, 1914· accepted, alternate representation; Monacha (Monacha) Fitzinger, 1833· accepted, alternate representation; Monacha (Paratheba) P. Hesse, 1914· accepted, alternate representation; Monacha (Pontotheba) Neiber & Hausdorf, 2017· accepted, alternate representation; Monacha (Rhytidotheba) Neiber & Hausdorf, 2017· accepted, alternate representation; Monacha (Szentgalya) L. Pintér, 1977; Monacha (Trichotheba) Neiber & Hausdorf, 2017· accepted, alternate representation; Olivieriana Bourguignat, 1860; Orsiniana Caziot, 1910; Paratheba P. Hesse, 1914 (unaccepted rank); Rhytidotheba Neiber & Hausdorf, 2017 (unaccepted rank); Zenobia Gray, 1821 (subjective senior synonym of Monacha Fitzinger, 1833; considered a nomen oblitum);

Monacha is a genus of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the subfamily Lindholm, 1927 of the family Hygromiidae, the hairy snails and their allies. ^[2]

Distribution[]

The distribution of the genus Monacha includes western Europe, Central Europe, Mediterranean, Asia minor and Turkey (more than 50 species of Monacha),^[3] Georgia, Russia, Arabia, Iran, Azerbaijan (1 species).^[4] It is not in Armenia.^[4]

The greatest diversity of species is in the Pontic region.^[4]

Species[]

Species within the genus Monacha include:^[4]

(P. Hesse, 1912)
P. L. Reischütz & Sattmann, 1990
(Hausdorf, 2000)
E. Gittenberger & de Winter, 1985
Falkner, 2000
(Hausdorf, 2000)
(Hausdorf, 2000)
Monacha cantiana (Montagu, 1803)
(Bourguignat, 1855)
(Hausdorf, 2000)
Monacha cartusiana (Müller, 1774) - type species
(Risso, 1826)
(Hausdorf, 2000)^[4]
(Hausdorf, 2000)^[4]
(Menke, 1828)
(Hausdorf, 2000)
(Pallary, 1929)
(Rossmässler, 1839)
(L. Pfeiffer, 1857)
Hausdorf, 2003
(Mousson, 1861)
(Retowski, 1886)
(Hausdorf, 2000)
(Hausdorf, 2000)
(E. von Martens, 1876)
(P. Hesse, 1928)
(Hausdorf, 2000)
(Nägele, 1906)
(Westerlund, 1894)
(Kobelt, 1877)
(Mousson, 1859)
(Krynicki, 1833)^[5]
(Hausdorf, 2000)
(Hausdorf, 2000)
(Pall-Gergely, 2010)^[6]
(Hausdorf, 2000)
(Rossmässler, 1839)
(Hudec, 1973)
(O. Boettger, 1886)
(P. Hesse, 1914)
(Hausdorf, 2000)
(O. Boettger, 1905)
(Hausdorf, 2000)^[4]
(Reynès, 1870)
(Hudec, 1973)
(Hausdorf, 2000)
(Hausdorf, 2000)
Hausdorf, 2003
(Hausdorf, 2000)
(Hausdorf, 2000)
(Tiberi, 1869)
(P. Hesse, 1915)
(Hausdorf, 2000)
(Mousson, 1874)
S. H. F. Jaeckel, 1954
(Hausdorf, 2000)
Monacha obstructa (L. Pfeiffer, 1842)
(Roth, 1839)
Hausdorf & Páll-Gergely, 2009^[7]
(Porro, 1841)
I. Pintér & L. Pintér, 1970
(Bourguignat, 1855)
(Hausdorf, 2000)
(De Stefani, 1879)
(Menke, 1828)
(Hesse, 1914)
(Hausdorf, 2000)
(Hausdorf, 2000)
Hausdorf, 2003
(Hausdorf, 2000)
(Hausdorf, 2000)
(Aradas, 1844)
(Hesse, 1914)
(L. Pfeiffer, 1841)
(L. Pfeiffer, 1868)
(Pallary, 1939)
(Hausdorf, 2000)
(Mousson, 1863)
(Bourguignat, 1868)
(Schutt, 2001)
(Hausdorf, 2000)
(Hausdorf, 2000)
(Lindholm, 1913)
Monacha syriaca (Ehrenberg, 1831)
(Hausdorf, 2000)
Neiber & Hausdorf, 2017
(L. Pinter, 1968)

The species Ashfordiana granulata (Alder, 1830) is often also grouped under the genus Monacha.

Taxon inquirendum

Monacha talischana (E. von Martens, 1880)

Synonyms

Monacha beieri Klemm, 1962: synonym of Monacha haussknechti (O. Boettger, 1886) (junior synonym)
Monacha fallax A. J. Wagner, 1914: synonym of (A. J. Wagner, 1914) (original combination)
Monacha ruffoi Giusti, 1973: synonym of Monacha pantanellii (De Stefani, 1879) (junior synonym)
Monacha tschegemica Schileyko, 1988: synonym of Paratheba roseni (Hesse, 1914): synonym of Monacha roseni (Hesse, 1914) (junior synonym)

References[]

^ Fitzinger L. I. (1833). "Systematisches Verzeichniß der im Erzherzogthume Oesterreich vorkommenden Weichthiere, als Prodrom einer Fauna derselben". Beiträge zur Landeskunde Oesterreich's unter der Enns 3: 88-122. Wien.
^ ^a ^b MolluscaBase eds. (2021). MolluscaBase. Monacha Fitzinger, 1833. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=426406 on 2021-08-12
^ Hausdorf B. (2000). "The genus Monacha in Turkey (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Hygromiidae)". Arch. Molluskenk. 128: 61-151.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Hausdorf B. (2000). "The genus Monacha in the Western Caucasus (Gastropoda: Hygromiidae)". Journal of Natural History 34(8): 1575-1594. PDF Archived 2009-03-06 at the Wayback Machine. doi:10.1080/00222930050117495.
^ "Monacha fruticola (Krynicki, 1833)". www.gbif.org. Retrieved 27 October 2021.
^ Páll-Gergely B. (2010). "New and little known land snails from Turkey (Gastropoda: Pulmonata)". 50: 89-94. Heidelberg. abstract.
^ Hausdorf & Páll-Gergely B. (2009). "Monacha oecali new species from southern Turkey (Gastropoda:Hygromiidae) ". Journal of Conchology 40(1): 15-18. abstract^{[permanent dead link]}.

Pintér, L. (1977). Studien an Monacha (Gastropoda: Helicidae), I. Über die subgenerische Zugehörigkeit von Monacha gregaria (Rossmässler). Archiv für Molluskenkunde. 108: 53–55.
Nordsieck, H. (1993). Das System der paläarktischen Hygromiidae (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora: Helicoidea). Archiv für Molluskenkunde, 122 (Zilch-Festschrift): 1-23. Frankfurt am Main
Bank, R. A. (2017). Classification of the Recent terrestrial Gastropoda of the World. Last update: July 16th, 2017
Holyoak, D. T. & Holyoak, G. A. (2018). A new genus Zenobiellina for Helix subrufescens Miller, 1822 (Hygromiidae), with description of a new congeneric species from northern Spain. Iberus. 36 (2): 133-147.

External links[]

[1] Fitzinger L. I. (1833). "Systematisches Verzeichniß der im Erzherzogthume Oesterreich vorkommenden Weichthiere, als Prodrom einer Fauna derselben". Beiträge zur Landeskunde Oesterreich's unter der Enns 3: 88-122. Wien.

[WoRMS-2] MolluscaBase eds. (2021). MolluscaBase. Monacha Fitzinger, 1833. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=426406 on 2021-08-12

[3] Hausdorf B. (2000). "The genus Monacha in Turkey (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Hygromiidae)". Arch. Molluskenk. 128: 61-151.

[Hausdorf_2000-4] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Hausdorf B. (2000). "The genus Monacha in the Western Caucasus (Gastropoda: Hygromiidae)". Journal of Natural History 34(8): 1575-1594. PDF Archived 2009-03-06 at the Wayback Machine. doi:10.1080/00222930050117495.

[GBIF-5] "Monacha fruticola (Krynicki, 1833)". www.gbif.org. Retrieved 27 October 2021.

[6] Páll-Gergely B. (2010). "New and little known land snails from Turkey (Gastropoda: Pulmonata)". 50: 89-94. Heidelberg. abstract.

[7] Hausdorf & Páll-Gergely B. (2009). "Monacha oecali new species from southern Turkey (Gastropoda:Hygromiidae) ". Journal of Conchology 40(1): 15-18. abstract^{[permanent dead link]}.

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Monacha

Two live individuals of Monacha cartusiana on a human hand
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Mollusca
Class:	Gastropoda
Order:	Stylommatophora
Infraorder:
Superfamily:	Helicoidea
Family:	Hygromiidae
Genus:	Monacha Fitzinger, 1833^[1]
Type species
Helix cartusiana O. F. Müller, 1774
Synonyms^[2]
Boemica Schileyko, 1978 Carthusiana Kobelt, 1871 Carthusianana Fagot, 1893 Cemeneleana Caziot, 1908 Eutheba H. Nordsieck, 1993 Helix (Carthusiana) Kobelt, 1871 Helix (Monacha) Fitzinger, 1833 Helix (Zenobia) Gray, 1821 (subjective senior synonym of Monacha Fitzinger, 1833) Monacha (Aegaeotheba) Neiber & Hausdorf, 2017· accepted, alternate representation Monacha (Eutheba) H. Nordsieck, 1993 (original rank) Monacha (Metatheba) P. Hesse, 1914· accepted, alternate representation Monacha (Monacha) Fitzinger, 1833· accepted, alternate representation Monacha (Paratheba) P. Hesse, 1914· accepted, alternate representation Monacha (Pontotheba) Neiber & Hausdorf, 2017· accepted, alternate representation Monacha (Rhytidotheba) Neiber & Hausdorf, 2017· accepted, alternate representation Monacha (Szentgalya) L. Pintér, 1977 Monacha (Trichotheba) Neiber & Hausdorf, 2017· accepted, alternate representation Olivieriana Bourguignat, 1860 Orsiniana Caziot, 1910 Paratheba P. Hesse, 1914 (unaccepted rank) Rhytidotheba Neiber & Hausdorf, 2017 (unaccepted rank) Zenobia Gray, 1821 (subjective senior synonym of Monacha Fitzinger, 1833; considered a nomen oblitum)