Mongolic peoples

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Not to be confused with Mongols.
A map of the places that Mongolic peoples live. The orange line shows the extent of the Mongol Empire in the late 13th century. The red areas are the places dominated by the Mongolic groups.

The Mongolic peoples are a collection of East Asian and some other areas ethnic groups, who speak Mongolic languages. Their ancestors are referred to as Proto-Mongols. The largest contemporary Mongolic ethnic group is the Mongols.[1][2]

List of ethnic groups[]

Contemporary ethnic groups[]

TABLE OF THE CONTEMPORARY MONGOLIC PEOPLES
Ethnonym Population Primarily regions Religion
Mongols[note 1] 11,990,000 Mongolia Mongolia, China Inner Mongolia, Russia Buryatia, Kalmykia Tibetan Buddhism, Tengrism (Mongolian shamanism)
Mughals 3,000,000 India North India, Pakistan Pakistan Sunni Islam
Dongxiangs 621,000 China Dongxiang Autonomous County, Jishishan Bonan, Dongxiang and Salar Autonomous County Sunni Islam
Monguor 290,000 China Qinghai, Gansu Tibetan Buddhism, Tengrism (shamanism)
Daurs 132,000 China Morin Dawa Daur Autonomous Banner, Meilisi Daur District Tibetan Buddhism, Tengrism (shamanism)
Khatso >60,000? China Tonghai County Tibetan Buddhism
Sogwo Arig 40,000? China Qinghai Tibetan Buddhism, Bon
Sichuan Mongols 29,000 China Muli Tibetan Autonomous County, Yanyuan County Tibetan Buddhism
Bonan 20,000 China Jishishan Bonan, Dongxiang and Salar Autonomous County Sunni Islam, Tibetan Buddhism
Hamnigans >10,000? Russia Zabaykalsky Krai, Mongolia Northeastern Mongolia, China Hulunbuir Tibetan Buddhism, shamanism
Yugurs 6,000

China Sunan Yugur Autonomous County

Tibetan Buddhism, Tengrism
Moghols 2,000 Afghanistan Herat Province Sunni Islam
Kangjia 2,000 China Huangnan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture Sunni Islam

In addition, Mongolized Soyots live in Buryatia. Their population is 3600 people. A number of orientalists (Nanzatov, Baldaev and others) traditionally consider modern Soyots as a sub-ethnos within the Buryat people.[3][4]

Historical ethnic groups[]

Main article: Proto-Mongols

General characteristic[]

Languages[]

Languages of the Mongolic peoples belong to the Mongolic language family.[5]

The Mongolic ethnicities possibly related to the Turkic and Tungusic peoples whom languages together would include into the hypothetical Altaic language family.[6]

Religions[]

The Mongolic peoples are predominantly followers of Tibetan Buddhism. In 1576 the Gelug Tibetan school which was founded by the half-Mongol Je Tsongkhapa became the state religion of the Mongolia. Some groups such as Dongxiangs and Bonan people adopted Sunni Islam, as did Moghols in Afghanistan and Mughals in India. Among a part of the population, the ethnic religion, namely Tengrism (Mongolian shamanism) is preserved. A small number of Christians emerged under the influence of the Russian Church and Western missionaries.

Notes[]

  1. ^ Such subgroups of the Mongols as the Buryats and the Kalmyks are recognized in Russia as distinct ethnolinguistic groups (see 2010 Census and other).

References[]

Footnotes[]

  1. ^ Zhukovskaia 2007, p. 354.
  2. ^ Nimaev 2011.
  3. ^ Нанзатов Б. З. (2003). "Племенной состав бурят в XIX веке" (in Russian) (Народы и культуры Сибири. Взаимодействие как фактор формирования и модернизации ed.): 15–27. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)CS1 maint: date and year (link)
  4. ^ Балдаев С. П. (1970). Родословные легенды и предания бурят. Ч. 1. Улан-Удэ. p. 166.
  5. ^ Janhunen 2003.
  6. ^ Starostin, George (2016-04-05). "Altaic Languages". Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Linguistics. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/acrefore/9780199384655.013.35.

Bibliograohy[]

  • Janhunen, Juha, ed. (2003). The Mongolic languages. Routledge Language Family Series. London; New York: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-7007-1133-8.
  • Nimaev, Daba (2011). Монгольские народы: Этническая история и современные этнокультурные процессы [The Mongolic Peoples: Ethnic History and Contemporary Ethnocultural Processes] (in Russian). Lambert Academic Publishing. ISBN 978-3843324403.
  • Zhukovskaia, Natalia L. (2007) [1998]. "Монгольские народы" [Mongolic peoples]. In L.M. Mints (ed.). Народы мира: Энциклопедия [Peoples of the World: an Encyclopedia] (in Russian). Moscow: OLMA Media Group. pp. 354–356. ISBN 978-5-373-01057-3.
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